CN104524714B - Easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears from the gas phase of hot material in a kind of production equipment - Google Patents
Easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears from the gas phase of hot material in a kind of production equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN104524714B CN104524714B CN201410844215.1A CN201410844215A CN104524714B CN 104524714 B CN104524714 B CN 104524714B CN 201410844215 A CN201410844215 A CN 201410844215A CN 104524714 B CN104524714 B CN 104524714B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
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- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/06—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places of highly inflammable material, e.g. light metals, petroleum products
- A62C3/065—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places of highly inflammable material, e.g. light metals, petroleum products for containers filled with inflammable liquids
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Abstract
The present invention relates to easy spontaneous combustion in a kind of production equipment the blunt quick method that disappears is caused from the gas phase of hot material.It is concretely comprised the following steps：Mixed using the nitrogen in the nitrogen or nitrogen cylinder produced by deaerator with air, it is 0.5% 5% mixed gas to form oxygen volumetric concentration；By mixed gas from air inlet is passed through pending equipment, carry out gas phase and cause blunt quick, the then gas outlet effusion of slave unit that disappears；With the oxygen content of detection means measure emergent gas, when its with oxygen content is close in input gas when, processing is completed.Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that：It is easy to operate to containing a small amount of easily spontaneous combustion, from the production equipment processing procedure of hot material, it is not necessary to fairly large improvement project is carried out to original production equipment, increase part gas mixing, analysis and conveying device need to be only used, invests small；It is not related to cleaning solvent in processing procedure, the harmful substances such as waste gas, waste liquid pollution environment will not be produced.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to inflammable easy hot material post-processing technology field, it particularly relates into a kind of production equipment easily
Spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears from the gas phase of hot material.
Background technology
In process of production, because some materials have easy spontaneous combustion or from heat sensitivity, and if air contact, can with wherein
Oxygen occur redox reaction, produce substantial amounts of heat, ultimately result in system temperature raise and trigger fire, the thing such as blast
Therefore.For example, when we directly open the sealing for including strong reducing property ultra-fine powder materials or other chance easy self-heating spontaneous combustible substances of oxygen
When equipment is overhauled, the air into equipment is likely to and remained in device interior or is attached to the easy self-heating of equipment inner wall certainly
Oxidation reaction with notable Fast exothermic effect occurs for combustion things matter, induces fire even explosion accident.These materials production,
Being had been reported that safe practice during storage, use more.
Be related to maintenance or waste treatment during safeguard technology be safety in production in key link.For example,
The production process of super-fine metal powder powder material is typically what is carried out in the closed process units completely cut off with oxygen, what is completely cut off with oxygen
Super-fine metal powder powder material is stable safety under normal working condition, when equipment needs maintenance, is had unavoidably a small amount of super
Fine metal powder material is remained in the equipment of Awaiting Overhaul, is overhauled if now directly opened, into the sky of device interior
Violent exothermic reaction occurs for the super-fine metal powder powder material remained with those by oxygen in gas, so may induce fire,
Explosion accident.For another example storing the oil storage tank inner-wall of sour crude and conveying the oil pipeline inwall of sour crude often
There is FeSxDeposit is generated, FeSxIt is the easy self-heating spontaneous combustible substance typically with very high chemical reactivity, when completely cutting off with oxygen
It is more stable, but when the Kaifeng maintenance that stops production is contacted with the oxygen in air, easily occur Quick Oxidation reaction self-heating spontaneous combustion and draw
Ignition calamity, has occurred the great peace caused by the sulphur iron compound spontaneous combustion that many cause petrochemical equipment sulfur corrosions are produced both at home and abroad
Full production accident.So, for including the closed process units of easy self-heating spontaneous combustible substance, before overhaul of the equipments Kaifeng
Corresponding safe handling measure must be taken.
At present, the main peace that the production equipment for the closed stopping production Awaiting Overhaul for including easy self-heating spontaneous combustible substance is taken
Full measure is first cleaned or foam cleaning using liquid phase cleaning agent before the maintenance of water-tight equipment Kaifeng.Such as Japan and Korea Spro
State's patent is (such as：Unexamined Patent 8-9257, KR20010092131) using liquid phase cleaning agent clean the storage internal corrosion product eliminate peace
The technology and equipment of full hidden danger.Because the general volume of above-mentioned production equipment is larger, liquid phase cleaning process needs to use substantial amounts of clear
Need to empty Residual oil before lotion, and cleaning, cleaning cost is high, workload is big, and there are a large amount of cleaning waste liquids to produce, bring environmental pollution
Pressure.Particularly, if dealing with the entrance for causing air improperly in cleaning process, fire, explosion accident.In addition,
It is also easy to bring equipment corrosion and harmful acid mist to generate when cleaning using acidic cleaning solution.Patent WO2014108137 is disclosed
The device for completely cutting off air is set up inside oil tank or at oil plant import, this device can protect oil tank in the case where owing oil condition
Security, but its potential safety hazard can not be eliminated.The production equipment for including easy spontaneous combustion active matter temporarily stopped production is overhauled for non-,
There is the safety measure using filling inertia non-combustible gas prevention device spontaneous combustion, but can not eliminate or inactivate what is wherein existed
The dangerous substance of easy self-heating spontaneous combustion.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the invention provides easy spontaneous combustion self-heating material in a kind of easy, safety production equipment
The gas phase of material causes the blunt quick method that disappears.
Easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears, methods described tool from the gas phase of hot material in a kind of production equipment of the present invention
Body step is：1) mixed using the nitrogen produced by deaerator or the nitrogen in nitrogen cylinder with air, form carrier of oxygen
The mixed gas that product concentration is 0.5%-5%；2) by mixed gas from air inlet is passed through pending equipment, gas phase cause is carried out blunt
Disappear quick, then the gas outlet effusion of slave unit；3) with the oxygen content of detection means measure emergent gas, when itself and input gas
When middle oxygen content is close, processing is completed.
Easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears, the carrier of oxygen from the gas phase of hot material in a kind of production equipment of the present invention
The degree of accuracy of product concentration is within ± 0.05%.
Easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears, the gas outlet from the gas phase of hot material in a kind of production equipment of the present invention
With air inlet in same position, using different conduits respectively as air inlet and gas outlet, the length of wherein air induction conduit is big
In the length of outtake tube.
Easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears from the gas phase of hot material in a kind of production equipment of the present invention, and the gas phase is caused
The blunt quick time that disappears is 10-60min.
Easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears, the carrier of oxygen from the gas phase of hot material in a kind of production equipment of the present invention
The maximum of product concentration is C × (t1-t0)/Q；The C is the thermal capacitance of all substances in reaction system, and Q is unit volume oxygen content
Mixed gas and pending material redox reaction heat, t0Reaction temperature during for desensitization deactivation, t1For material and oil
The burning-point of gas.
Easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears, the detection dress from the gas phase of hot material in a kind of production equipment of the present invention
It is set to tunable diode laser oxygen measurement system.
Easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears, the gaseous mixture from the gas phase of hot material in a kind of production equipment of the present invention
The humidity of body is 70-90%.
Easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears, the gaseous mixture from the gas phase of hot material in a kind of production equipment of the present invention
Body contains nitrogen oxides as catalyst.
The invention provides a kind of energy depth reduction gas molecule effective collision reaction probabilities, extremely lifting equivalent reaction heat
Hold, regulation and control, the effect of abundant elimination reaction fuel factor, the blunt quick technical method that disappears of gas phase cause of essential safety can be designed.Specifically,
By controlling the concentration of oxygen in gas phase blending ingredients, the type and quantity of catalyst, make the oxygen-sensitive material in production equipment
Compared with controllable oxidization is realized under low oxygen concentration, the oxide-film that oxidation product is formed in these material surfaces can be reduced further
The reactivity of sensitive material and air, it is to avoid they occur dieseling because Quick Oxidation causes temperature to raise rapidly.Its
In, the essential safety condition needed for elimination reaction sensitiveness can be reacted by the thermal discharge and participation of the oxidation heat liberation process of material
All substances rise temperature institute calorific requirement carries out calculating acquisition in journey.By controlling oxygen concentration, make what is produced in oxidizing process
Temperature rise caused by heat reaches the target of essential safety no more than the burning-point of the material.
Compared with prior art, easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears from the gas phase of hot material in production equipment of the present invention
Advantage be：To containing a small amount of easily spontaneous combustion, from the production equipment processing procedure of hot material, it is not necessary to which original production is set
It is standby to carry out fairly large improvement project, increase part gas mixing, analysis and conveying device need to be only used, invests small, operation
It is convenient；It is not related to cleaning solvent in processing procedure, the harmful substances such as waste gas, waste liquid pollution environment will not be produced.At desensitization
After reason, the limited oxygen index of material is more than 21% in equipment, is safe disposal result.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：The sample of embodiment 1 handled through gaseous passivation after differential thermal analysis collection of illustrative plates；Fig. 2：The sample of embodiment 2 is blunt through gas phase
Differential thermal analysis collection of illustrative plates after change processing；Fig. 3：Petroleum storage container sulfur corrosion product gas phase is passivated simulation test device figure.
Embodiment
Easy spontaneous combustion in production equipment of the present invention is caused from the gas phase of hot material with reference to specific embodiment blunt
The quick method that disappears is described further, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
The 10g reduced iron powders for removing surface oxide layer are added in tube furnace, after the air in removal system, in nitrogen and
Under the protection of a small amount of hydrogen, H is passed through2S gases, react 4 hours at 1100 DEG C, cooling.It is prepared into active ferrous sulphide.The work
Property ferrous sulfide activity it is high, it is to occur spontaneous combustion that air is met at room temperature.Limited oxygen index is less than 13%.
At room temperature, air is mixed with nitrogen, the mixed gas that oxygen content is 1-5% is made, above-mentioned preparation is passed through
In ferrous sulfide system, flow is 50mL/min, reacts 20min, the limited oxygen index of gained sample is 24.3-26.5%.With
Differential thermal analysis understands that its autoignition temperature is more than 250-270 DEG C.Differential thermal analysis collection of illustrative plates is shown in that (curve 1,2,3,4,5 is respectively accompanying drawing 1
Oxygen content is the result after 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5% atmosphere is handled), show in figure, after-combustion is repaired through gaseous passivation
Temperature increases and raised with oxygen concentration, in the range of 230-330 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
In 500mL three-necked flasks, 300mL deionized waters are added, high pure nitrogen is passed through and excludes oxygen.With disodium hydrogen phosphate
Make cushioning liquid with sodium dihydrogen phosphate, the pH value for controlling solution is 7.5-8.0.Under High Purity Nitrogen protection, 20g ferrous sulfate is added
Dissolving.6g thioacetamides are dissolved in the water that 50mL removes oxygen, added dissolved with the three-necked flask of ferrous sulfate, in nitrogen
Reacted 3 hours under the conditions of 80 DEG C in protective atmosphere, filter and wash, spontaneously dried after finally being washed with absolute ethyl alcohol.All behaviour
Make in N2Carried out in the glove box of atmosphere.Gained ferrous sulfide is highly active, meets air spontaneous combustion.Oxygen index (OI) is less than
13%.
The ferrous sulfide of above-mentioned preparation is put into N2Protection is lower to be added in the quartz ampoule of Passivation Treatment.Being passed through oxygen content is
1-2% mixed gas, flow is 50mL/min, reacts 15min, the oxygen index (OI) of gained treated sample is 25.4-27.6%.
Understand that its autoignition temperature is big 250 DEG C with differential thermal analysis.Differential thermal analysis collection of illustrative plates is shown in that (curve 1,2 is respectively that oxygen content is to accompanying drawing 2
1%th, the result after the processing of 2% atmosphere), show in figure, repairing after-combustion temperature through gaseous passivation is respectively：At 214-286 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
(see accompanying drawing 3) in two homemade No. 45 steel containers, container capacity is 1 liter.Crude oil is filled it up with respectively, for increase sulphur
Corrosive effect, adds 20g thiophene in crude oil, seals and is reacted 1 month under the conditions of 40 DEG C.Crude oil therein is arranged with oxygen
Go out.One of them is directly opened, on inwall black sulfur corrosion product meet air after in 1 minute rapid oxidation, be converted into reddish brown
Color, and occur with Mars.Another is passed through the nitrogen that oxygen content is 2%, oxygen gas mixture, and flow is 100mL/min, reaction
20min, opens container, and brown is presented in the sulfur corrosion product of inwall.Through analysis, the auto-ignition combustion temperature of the sulfur corrosion product of inwall
For 230-250 DEG C.The amount of corrosion product is not enough to determine oxygen index (OI) in the experiment.
Embodiment 4
By 10g metallic aluminium powders in N2Protection is lower to be added in the quartz ampoule of Passivation Treatment.Under room temperature condition, by air and nitrogen
Gas is mixed, and is configured to the mixed gas that oxygen content is 2%, is passed through in quartz ampoule, flow is 50mL/min, reacts 30min, gained
The oxygen index (OI) of treated sample is 17.4%.
By 10g metallic aluminium powders in N2Protection is lower to be added in the quartz ampoule of Passivation Treatment.Improve the wet of Passivation Treatment gas
Spend for 80%, and keep oxygen content to be 2%, be passed through in quartz ampoule, flow is 50mL/min, react 20min, gained is processed sample
The oxygen index (OI) of product is 23.2%.
As can be seen here, for metallic aluminium powder powder material, the relative humidity of disposal gas is improved, passivation efficiency can be increased, had
Beneficial to preventing dieseling during aluminium powder ingress of air.
Case study on implementation 5
Cobalt protoxide is the material for making new perceptual battery, and its autoignition temperature is about 40 DEG C.By 10gCoO in N2Protection
It is lower to add in the quartz ampoule of Passivation Treatment.Under room temperature condition, air is mixed with nitrogen, be configured to oxygen content for 3% it is mixed
Gas is closed, is passed through in quartz ampoule, flow is 40mL/min, 30min is reacted, the oxygen index (OI) of gained treated sample is 19.6%.
By similarity condition, the humidity of regulation Passivation Treatment gas is 80%, and keeps oxygen content to be 3%, is added
NO20.5% makees catalyst, is passed through in quartz ampoule, and flow is 40mL/min, reacts 20min, the oxygen index (OI) of gained treated sample
For 26.5%.
As can be seen here, when being passivated disposal to cobalt protoxide dusty material, the relative humidity of disposal gas, addition are improved
Nitrogen oxide as catalytic agent, can increase passivation efficiency, occur dieseling when effectively reducing material with air contact.
Compared with prior art, easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears from the gas phase of hot material in production equipment of the present invention
Advantage be：To containing a small amount of easily spontaneous combustion, from the production equipment processing procedure of hot material, it is not necessary to which original production is set
It is standby to carry out fairly large improvement project, increase part gas mixing, analysis and conveying device need to be only used, invests small, operation
It is convenient；It is not related to cleaning solvent in processing procedure, the harmful substances such as waste gas, waste liquid pollution environment will not be produced.
Claims (7)
1. easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears from the gas phase of hot material in a kind of production equipment, it is characterised in that methods described is specific
Step is：1) mixed using the nitrogen produced by deaerator or the nitrogen in nitrogen cylinder with air, form oxygen volume
Concentration is 0.5%-5% mixed gas；2) by mixed gas from air inlet is passed through pending equipment, carry out gas phase and cause blunt disappear
It is quick, the then gas outlet effusion of slave unit；3) with the oxygen content of detection means measure emergent gas, when it is with inputting in gas
When oxygen content is close, processing is completed；The maximum of the oxygen volumetric concentration is C × (t1-t0)/Q；The C is reaction system
The thermal capacitance of middle all substances, Q is the mixed gas of unit volume oxygen content and the redox reaction heat of pending material, t0For
Reaction temperature during desensitization deactivation, t1For material and the burning-point of oil gas.
2. easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears from the gas phase of hot material in a kind of production equipment according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the degree of accuracy of the oxygen volumetric concentration is within ± 0.05%.
3. easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears from the gas phase of hot material in a kind of production equipment according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, gas outlet and air inlet are in same position, using different conduits respectively as air inlet and gas outlet, wherein air inlet
The length of conduit is more than the length of outtake tube.
4. easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears from the gas phase of hot material in a kind of production equipment according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the gas phase causes the blunt quick time that disappears for 10-60min.
5. easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears from the gas phase of hot material in a kind of production equipment according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the detection means is tunable diode laser oxygen measurement system.
6. easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears from the gas phase of hot material in a kind of production equipment according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the humidity of the mixed gas is 70-90%.
7. easy spontaneous combustion causes the blunt quick method that disappears from the gas phase of hot material in a kind of production equipment according to claim 1, it is special
Levy and be, the mixed gas contains nitrogen oxides as catalyst.
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Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105463365A (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2016-04-06 | 北京石油化工学院 | Spontaneous-combustion active ferrous sulfide gaseous phase passivation device and method |
| CN109522668A (en) * | 2018-11-28 | 2019-03-26 | 南京工业大学 | A kind of gas phase protection method inhibiting the iron compound spontaneous combustion of petrochemical equipment inner wall sulphur |
| CN113092401B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-09-13 | 重庆文理学院 | Gas-sensitive analysis system for laboratory |
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| CN102181818A (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2011-09-14 | 潘伦桃 | Method and device for surface passivation of tantalum metal |
| CN202063985U (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2011-12-07 | 潘伦桃 | Tantalum surface passivation device with refrigerating device |
| CN202072755U (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-12-14 | 宁夏东方钽业股份有限公司 | Tantalum metal surface passivation device |
| CN103429782A (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2013-12-04 | 宁夏东方钽业股份有限公司 | Method for passivating tantalum metal surface and apparatus thereof |
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- 2014-12-30 CN CN201410844215.1A patent/CN104524714B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU4093000A (en) * | 1999-04-28 | 2000-11-10 | Cast Centre Pty Ltd | Cover gases |
| CN1431027A (en) * | 2002-01-11 | 2003-07-23 | 廖赤虹 | Method and system for putting out fire happened in unopened space |
| CN202072755U (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2011-12-14 | 宁夏东方钽业股份有限公司 | Tantalum metal surface passivation device |
| CN103429782A (en) * | 2011-03-23 | 2013-12-04 | 宁夏东方钽业股份有限公司 | Method for passivating tantalum metal surface and apparatus thereof |
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