CN104513879B - Method for treating molten iron - Google Patents
Method for treating molten iron Download PDFInfo
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- CN104513879B CN104513879B CN201510008888.8A CN201510008888A CN104513879B CN 104513879 B CN104513879 B CN 104513879B CN 201510008888 A CN201510008888 A CN 201510008888A CN 104513879 B CN104513879 B CN 104513879B
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- molten iron
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for treating molten iron in a production process of spheroidal graphite cast iron, vermicular graphite cast iron or molten iron desulphurization. According to the method, a spheroidizing agent, a vermicular agent or a desulfurizing agent are put into a reaction chamber formed in a molten iron treatment ladle for treating the molten iron, wherein an inwards protruded type annular belt and the reaction chamber are arranged in the molten iron treatment ladle; magnesium steam generated during molten iron reaction is diffused outwards through the charging hole of the reaction chamber and a decompression groove. Therefore, the problems of moving and upward floating of the spheroidizing agent, the vermicular agent or the desulfurizing agent after melting loss are solved, the problems of strong reaction and low absorption rate of effective elements during treatment of the molten iron in the ladle are solved, the reaction time of the molten iron is accurately controlled, the product quality is improved, the production cost is reduced, the operation is simple and convenient, the resources are brought into full play and utilized, and the production environment is remarkably improved; in addition, the molten iron in the molten iron treatment and pouring processes is slightly cooled, the absorption rate of the effective elements is high, and the consumption of rare earth element RE can be reduced by 50-75%.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is the processing method with regard to molten iron, is more specifically taken off with regard to spheroidal graphite cast-iron or vermicular cast iron or molten iron
The processing method of molten iron in the production process of sulfur.
Background technology
In the production process of spheroidal graphite cast-iron or vermicular cast iron or desulfurizing iron, after molten iron process, molten iron cooling is
Inevitable;In the processing procedure of spheroidal graphite cast-iron or vermicular cast iron, the oxygen of effective element can be also produced in addition to molten iron is lowered the temperature
Change and escape, it will have influence on the quality of product.
Applicant has applied for entitled " the spheroidal graphite casting of Chinese invention patent publication No. CN103874771A on the 6th in September in 2013
The nodulizing process of ferrum ", and applied for that Chinese invention patent publication No. CN103862004A is entitled on March 2nd, 2014
" method of molten iron process " two patent applications, using the reative cell built in ladle, by overall rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium nodularization
Agent or low-silicon nodulizer or desulfurizing agent are put in reative cell, due to overall rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium nodulizer or vermiculizer or desulfurizing agent
It is limited in the reative cell that molten iron processes bag, the magnesium vapor that molten iron is produced when reacting is by reserved reative cell charge door and decompression
Groove is to external diffusion, mobile after solving the problems, such as overall rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium nodulizer or vermiculizer or desulfurizing agent melting loss to float, solution
The problem that violent molten iron splashes, effective element absorbance is low is reacted during molten iron of having determined process.When the chemical composition of processed molten iron
And during processed weight of molten iron change, its addition can be adjusted at any time.It is capable of the response time of precise control molten iron, what is poured
In the case of molten iron temperature 100 DEG C of < of fluctuation, the molten iron response time, upper lower deviation was less than 5 seconds.Due to effective element absorbance
Height, serves positive effect to improve product quality reduces cost;Covering clad is equipped with the upper end of molten iron process bag, can be with
The problem of processed molten iron cooling is reduced effectively.But, for processed molten iron temperature is higher than 1550 DEG C, the weight of the molten iron that is processed
When amount only has 500kg or so, the absorbance of its effective element is decreased obviously, and the absorbance of such as magnesium is reduced to 50% by 85%,
Therefore, the method for above-mentioned molten iron process is needed to carry out necessary technological improvement.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one kind is easy to operate and can be carried out continuously more than 1550 DEG C in processed molten iron temperature
The method of molten iron process, the advantage that the weight of its processed molten iron still keeps the absorbance of magnesium high in 500kg or so, by ball
Agent or vermiculizer or desulfurizing agent put into the molten iron processing method that the reaction interior built by laying bricks or stones during molten iron processes bag is carried out, and solve
The problem that reaction is violent when molten iron is processed in bag, effective element absorbance is low, the precise control spheroidizing reacion time, improves product matter
Amount, reduction production cost, it is easy to operate, resource is given full play to and utilized, the environment of production process is significantly improved.Promulgated by the State Council in utilization
Bright number of patent application:The technical characteristic of entitled 201410001806.2 " production method of high-quality nodulizer " makes contained element
Percentage by weight be:Containing Mg≤10%, containing Si >=65% and the content of magnesia containing RE≤2% is low, Segregation of Chemical Composition is few
Overall rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium nodulizer;Using Chinese invention patent publication No.:Entitled " the vermicular cast iron vermiculizers of CN103422008A
Production and its application " technical characteristic make vermiculizer;Using Chinese invention patent publication No.:CN103421927A is entitled
The technical characteristic of " method of external molten iron desulphurization " makes desulfurizing agent.
Learning experienced substantial amounts of experimental and theoretical analysis, during molten iron process, affecting the key factor bag of magnesium absorption rate
Include:1. pure magnesium is selected still to select magnesium alloy, the combination of the content of magnesium and magnesium alloy composition in magnesium alloy.2. be processed molten iron
Temperature, if be the molten iron bag for continuously using.3. the mode that molten iron is processed:It is that molten iron processes the structure wrapped, choosing first
Traditional pit type ladle, dam-type ladle, flat bag, the ladle of the reaction chamber structure with appropriate design is selected, and
Arrange in the upper end of molten iron process bag and cover clad.Using when identical molten iron treatment temperature, identical magnesium alloy, molten iron process
Response time it is also identical, but the molten iron with reative cell of different structure size processes bag, can directly influence the suction of magnesium
Yield, the absorbance of magnesium are reduced to 50% by 85%~88%.4. the molten iron that is processed is put into speed, pours molten iron for the first time
Weight accounts for the time that the ratio of processed molten iron gross weight and molten iron reaction start.5. produce magnesium when the process of molten iron is reacted to steam
The size of bubble and the violent state of reaction.
Employ for achieving the above object
The molten iron of reative cell processes bag:Left vertical baffle plate and right vertical baffle plate are built by laying bricks or stones in the bottom of molten iron process bag, has been hung down left
The top horizontal for facing baffle plate and right vertical baffle plate directly has built semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate by laying bricks or stones, in semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate
Top built the bevelled semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate of tool by laying bricks or stones, in ladle, no semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate is covered
Half circular area portions, the height and position in semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate bottom built by laying bricks or stones with outlet upwards
Prominent formula endless belt, has the beveled top end height of bevelled semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate with the inwardly projecting style ring-type with outlet
The overhead height of band is identical, and the internal diameter of the inwardly projecting style endless belt with outlet is with the bevelled semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate of tool
Internal diameter it is identical, the outlet position opened up by the inwardly projecting style endless belt with outlet be molten iron process bag bag mouth below;
The vertical of reative cell is provided with a reative cell charge door, reative cell charge door is by left vertical baffle plate, right vertical
Baffle plate and reative cell floor combination are near left vertical baffle plate and right vertical baffle plate, one end of reative cell charge door is vertical
Face is fabricated to the bell mouth shape gradually widened by reative cell from inside to outside, and the opening direction of reative cell charge door faces nodularization bag bag mouth
The position at place, offers relief groove in the upper end of charge door, and the upper surface of relief groove is exactly semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate
Bottom surface, relief groove are made up of the gap between left vertical baffle plate and right vertical baffle plate, and molten iron can be anti-by relief groove turnover
Answer the outer vertical of room, left vertical baffle plate and right vertical baffle plate concordant with the vertical of semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate;
To process for molten iron after the molten iron for constructing process bag drying.
Using the above-mentioned inwardly projecting style endless belt with outlet and build by laying bricks or stones reative cell molten iron process bag, select as needed
The nodulizer or vermiculizer or desulfurizing agent for selecting above-mentioned suitable kind carries out molten iron process, and its molten iron process step is as follows:
A, the nodulizer or vermiculizer or desulfurizing agent of required weight are put into molten iron process bag reative cell in;
B, required inovulant is put into into the reative cell that molten iron processes bag for production spheroidal graphite cast-iron or during vermicular cast iron
In;
C, molten iron pour molten iron and process after bag reaches the height of semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate, and molten iron reaction starts;
D, molten iron reaction are put into Slag conglomeration agent after terminating and scratch clean scum silica frost, cover molten iron using coverture;For production spheroidal graphite
Also needed to cover composite inoculant covering molten iron on molten iron surface when cast iron or vermicular cast iron before coverture is covered.
It is above-mentioned with inwardly projecting style endless belt and build by laying bricks or stones reative cell molten iron process bag change molten iron process when reaction
State, molten iron are poured in bag, and the molten iron being punched at the top of the bevelled semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate of tool can be downward along inclined-plane rapidly
Impact flow, after molten iron reaction starts, moves the molten iron containment wall that collides in the horizontal direction by the magnesium vapor that reative cell mouth is ejected
Afterwards, impacted in the case where follow-up magnesium vapor is promoted upwards, backward lower falling is stopped by the inwardly projecting style endless belt with outlet, so
Back and forth crossing, making processed molten iron reaction is fully contacted with the magnesium vapor for ejecting, the absorbance of magnesium is stably improved.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
As nodulizer or vermiculizer or desulfurizing agent are limited in the reative cell that molten iron processes bag, produce when molten iron reacts
Magnesium vapor from reserved reative cell charge door and relief groove to external diffusion, build by laying bricks or stones in ladle with inwardly projecting style endless belt
The absorbance of magnesium is stably improve further, it is mobile after solving the problems, such as nodulizer or vermiculizer or desulfurizing agent melting loss to float,
When solving the problems, such as that molten iron is processed, reaction is violent, molten iron splashes, effective element absorbance is low.When processed molten iron chemistry into
Point and processed weight of molten iron change when, the addition of nodulizer or vermiculizer or desulfurizing agent can be adjusted at any time.Accurately can control
In the molten iron response time processed, in the case of molten iron temperature 100 DEG C of the < of fluctuation for pouring, the molten iron response time, upper lower deviation was less than 5
Second.Improve the environment of production process.In molten iron process and casting process, molten iron cooling is few, and the absorbance of effective element is high,
The consumption of its rare earth elements RE can reduce by 50~75%.
Description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is with inwardly projecting style endless belt and builds the front view that the molten iron process of reative cell is wrapped by laying bricks or stones.
Fig. 2 is with inwardly projecting style endless belt and builds the top view that the molten iron process of reative cell is wrapped by laying bricks or stones.
Fig. 3 is with inwardly projecting style endless belt and builds the sectional view that the molten iron process of reative cell is wrapped by laying bricks or stones.
Description of reference numerals:1 is that molten iron processes bag, and 2 is left vertical baffle plate, and 3 is right vertical baffle plate, and 4 is semicircle shape
Reative cell upper cover plate, 5 are the bevelled semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate of tool, and 6 is the inwardly projecting style endless belt with outlet, and 7 are
Reative cell charge door, 8 is relief groove, and 9 is outlet, and 10 is that molten iron processes bag bag mouth, and 11 is reative cell base plate.
Specific embodiment:
Above-mentioned molten iron processing method, accumulate remaining molten iron, the bottom of reative cell for preventing molten iron from processing in the reative cell of bag
Portion should be higher than that the outdoor molten iron of reaction processes the bottom of bag, build the reative cell bottom made with refractory material in the bottom of reative cell by laying bricks or stones
Plate 11.
Above-mentioned molten iron processing method, the nodulizer or vermiculizer or desulfurizing agent of required weight are put in reative cell
Mode:1. can by spheroidising bag 1 be rotated by 90 ° angle, by reative cell charge door 5 upward, with long handle feeding tool by above-mentioned material
Material smoothly adds molten iron to process in the reative cell of bag 1;2. molten iron processes bag 1 and does not rotate, will using special fixture and instrument
Above-mentioned material is placed in the reative cell that molten iron processes bag 1.
Above-mentioned molten iron processing method, the molten iron process bag left vertical baffle plate 2 of 1 reative cell, right vertical baffle plate 3, half
Round shape reative cell upper cover plate 4 and the bevelled semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate 5 of tool are built using refractory fireclay block, in high temperature liquid iron
More than can be with the bag time of continuous processing molten iron 35 during process, due to reative cell it is reasonable in design, it is anti-after processing through molten iron
Should be indoor clean without dross.Commission refractory material factory makes left vertical baffle plate 2 and right vertical baffle plate 3 respectively, by semicircle
Shape reative cell upper cover plate 4 and the bevelled semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate of tool 5 merge into a single whole and are processed into required geomery
Refractory brick, it is also possible to will left vertical baffle plate 2, right vertical baffle plate 3, semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate 4 and have it is bevelled
Semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate 5 manufactures the refractory brick of required geomery respectively;Select clay brick, high silica brick, height
The refractory material of magnesia brick makes semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate 4 and has the assembly of bevelled semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate 6;
Or select clay brick, high silica brick, the refractory material of high magnesia brick to make left vertical baffle plate 2, right vertical baffle plate 3 and semicircle respectively
Shape reative cell upper cover plate 4 and the bevelled semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate of tool 5.
The method that molten iron is processed in the production process of above-mentioned spheroidal graphite cast-iron or vermicular cast iron or desulfurizing iron, using thickness
The iron plate of≤2mm or iron filings closure reative cell charge door 7 and relief groove 8, postpone the time that molten iron reaction starts.
It is above-mentioned with inwardly projecting style endless belt and build by laying bricks or stones reative cell molten iron process coating process molten iron volume minimum height
Degree should be higher than reative cell upper cover plate 4.
The above-mentioned inwardly projecting style endless belt with outlet and build by laying bricks or stones reative cell molten iron process bag for process 10 tons with
During upper molten iron, processing molten iron for ease of charging should increase the number of reative cell charge door, and the upper end of a charge door is opened wherein
It is provided with relief groove.
In order to reduce the cooling of processed molten iron, select covering clad to be arranged in the upper end of molten iron process bag, cover clad
In peviform, the bottom for covering clad offers molten iron water inlet, and the inside for covering clad is equipped with the muscles and bones frame for covering clad, covers
The outer lining refractories of the muscles and bones frame of clad, the edge for covering clad top protrusion is placed on the top that molten iron processes bag, covers bag
The bottom insertion molten iron of lid processes the upper end of bag, cover clad bottom and molten iron process wrap end molten iron process bag bag mouth it
Between leave gap as molten iron outlet.
Embodiment 1:Carry out under the conditions of electrosmelting of intermediate frequency, using the reaction chamber structure of the process of molten iron shown in accompanying drawing bag 1,
Clad is covered, is loaded in the reative cell that molten iron processes bag, often at bag using the overall rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium nodulizer without outer lining steel pipe
Reason weight of molten iron is 500kg, and electric furnace taps a blast furnace coolant-temperature gage for 1575 DEG C, base iron sulfur content 0.027%, rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium nodulizer
Containing Mg11.5%, containing RE1% and containing Si61.5%, the weight of the rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium nodulizer of addition accounts for processed weight of molten iron
0.59%, the 72SiFe inovulants of the indoor addition 0.8% of reaction, spheroidizing reacion adopt the silicon barium of granularity≤5mm after terminating to skim
It is 0.15% that inovulant carries out covering molten iron its addition, do not cover iron filings and it is perlitic in the case of, the spheroidizing reacion time
For 96 seconds, total overall reaction process was reacted for uniform spurting, and spheroidizing reacion is steady, and iron-free fine grinding is splashed, and spheroidizing reacion terminates rear ferrum
Water sulfur content 0.009%, magnesium content 0.049% is 1520 DEG C at the end of molten iron reaction, and spheroidizing reacion terminates to sample for 10 minutes,
2 grades of nodulizing grade.
Embodiment 2:Carry out under the conditions of electrosmelting of intermediate frequency, using the reaction chamber structure of the process of molten iron shown in accompanying drawing bag 1,
Molten iron 1000Kg is processed, 1525 DEG C of spheroidisings of tapping a blast furnace add rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium nodulizer to contain in the reative cell of molten iron process bag
Mg13.5%, containing RE1% and contain Si63.5%, the weight of the rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium nodulizer of addition accounts for processed weight of molten iron
0.49%;The 72SiFe inovulants of the indoor addition 0.8% of reaction, its granularity≤25mm;The processed molten iron of 1000Kg is once all
Pour molten iron into process in bag, wrap along 18cm away from molten iron process, molten iron course of reaction iron-free fine grinding is splashed, the overall reaction of spheroidizing reacion
Time is 118 seconds, is 1460 DEG C at the end of molten iron reaction, and total overall reaction process is smokeless boiling reaction, and cross dimensions is 25mm
The chill block of × 50mm is cooled to black and waters, and substantially, the absorbance of Mg is high for chill width 1-2mm, top depression.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of method that molten iron is processed in production process with regard to spheroidal graphite cast-iron or vermicular cast iron or desulfurizing iron, is characterized in that
Left vertical baffle plate (2) and right vertical baffle plate (3) are built by laying bricks or stones in the bottom of molten iron process bag (1), in left vertical baffle plate (2)
And the top horizontal of right vertical baffle plate (3) has built semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate (4) by laying bricks or stones;In semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate
(4) tool bevelled semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate (5) has been built at the top of by laying bricks or stones, has been provided with ladle by semicircle shape reative cell
Half circular area portions, the height and position in semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate (4) bottom that cover plate (4) is covered has been built by laying bricks or stones upwards
Inwardly projecting style endless belt (6) with outlet (9), the beveled top end height for having bevelled semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate (5)
Overhead height with the inwardly projecting style endless belt (6) with outlet (9) is identical, the inwardly projecting style endless belt (6) with outlet (9)
Internal diameter with have bevelled semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate (5) internal diameter it is identical, the inwardly projecting style endless belt with outlet (9)
(6) outlet (9) position for being opened up is processed below bag bag mouth (10) in molten iron;The vertical of reative cell is provided with one
Reative cell charge door (7), reative cell charge door (7) are by left vertical baffle plate (2), right vertical baffle plate (3) and reative cell bottom
Plate (11) is combined into, and near left vertical baffle plate (2) and right vertical baffle plate (3), one end of reative cell charge door (7) is vertical
Face is fabricated to the bell mouth shape gradually widened by reative cell from inside to outside, and the opening direction of reative cell charge door (7) is at molten iron
The position that Li Baobao mouths (10) are located, offers relief groove (8) in the upper end of charge door (7), and the upper surface of relief groove (8) is exactly
The bottom surface of semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate (4), relief groove (8) are by between left vertical baffle plate (2) and right vertical baffle plate (3)
Gap constitute, molten iron can pass in and out reative cell by relief groove (8), left vertical baffle plate (2) and right vertical baffle plate (3) it is outer
Side vertical is concordant with the vertical of semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate (4);Ferrum will be used for after the molten iron for constructing process bag drying
Water process;
Using the above-mentioned inwardly projecting style endless belt with outlet and build by laying bricks or stones reative cell molten iron process bag (1), select as needed
The nodulizer or vermiculizer or desulfurizing agent for selecting suitable kind carries out molten iron process, and its molten iron process step is as follows:
A, the nodulizer or vermiculizer or desulfurizing agent of required weight are put into molten iron process bag reative cell in;
B, required inovulant is put in the reative cell that molten iron processes bag for production spheroidal graphite cast-iron or during vermicular cast iron;
C, molten iron pour molten iron and process after bag reaches the height of semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate, and molten iron reaction starts;
D, molten iron reaction are put into Slag conglomeration agent after terminating and scratch clean scum silica frost, cover molten iron using coverture;For production spheroidal graphite cast-iron
Or also needed to cover composite inoculant covering molten iron on molten iron surface during vermicular cast iron before coverture is covered.
2. the side that molten iron is processed in the production process of spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1 or vermicular cast iron or desulfurizing iron
Method, is characterized in that left vertical baffle plate (2) of molten iron process bag (1) reative cell, right vertical baffle plate (3), semicircle shape reaction
Room upper cover plate (4) and tool bevelled semicircle shape reative cell upper cover plate (5) select clay brick, high silica brick, the fire proofed wood of high magnesia brick
Material makes refractory brick respectively.
3. the side that molten iron is processed in the production process of spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1 or vermicular cast iron or desulfurizing iron
Method, is characterized in that the bottom of reative cell should be higher than that the outdoor molten iron of reaction processes the bottom of bag, the bottom of reative cell built by laying bricks or stones with
The reative cell base plate (11) that refractory material makes.
4. the side that molten iron is processed in the production process of spheroidal graphite cast-iron according to claim 1 or vermicular cast iron or desulfurizing iron
Method, the molten iron that it is characterized in that the inwardly projecting style endless belt with outlet and build reative cell by laying bricks or stones process bag (1) for processing 10 tons
During above molten iron, processing molten iron for ease of charging should increase the number of reative cell charge door, wherein the upper end of a charge door
Offer relief groove.
5. in the production process of the spheroidal graphite cast-iron or vermicular cast iron or desulfurizing iron according to claim 1 or 3 or 4 at molten iron
The method of reason, is characterized in that arranging covering clad in the upper end of molten iron process bag, and it is in peviform to cover clad, covers the bottom of clad
Molten iron water inlet is offered, the inside for covering clad is equipped with the muscles and bones frame for covering clad, covers the muscles and bones frame outer lining fire resisting of clad
Material, the edge for covering clad top protrusion are placed on the top that molten iron processes bag, cover the bottom insertion molten iron process of clad
The upper end of bag, the bottom and molten iron for covering clad is processed wraps the molten iron at end and processes and leave gap and go out as molten iron between bag bag mouth
The mouth of a river.
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CN201510008888.8A CN104513879B (en) | 2015-01-01 | 2015-01-01 | Method for treating molten iron |
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CN105420438B (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2017-07-07 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | Creepage rate device |
CN105925747A (en) * | 2016-05-26 | 2016-09-07 | 合肥市田源精铸有限公司 | High-performance slag collecting agent |
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CN102350495A (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2012-02-15 | 中钢集团邢台机械轧辊有限公司 | Spheroidized ladle with long service life |
CN202639310U (en) * | 2012-06-28 | 2013-01-02 | 河北新兴铸管有限公司 | Balling desulfurization bag |
WO2014134762A1 (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2014-09-12 | 天津市万路科技有限公司 | Nodularization method for nodular cast iron |
CN103433471A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2013-12-11 | 天津市万路科技有限公司 | Spheroidizing method of nodular cast iron |
CN103862004A (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2014-06-18 | 天津市万路科技有限公司 | Molten iron treatment method |
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Effective date of registration: 20200806 Address after: 300450 2-5-201, Xiangyang Village, Tanggu new village street, Binhai New Area, Tianjin Patentee after: TIANJIN WANLU TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 300450 2-5-201, Xiangyang Village, Tanggu new village street, Binhai New Area, Tianjin Co-patentee before: Liu Nianlu Patentee before: TIANJIN WANLU TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Co-patentee before: Liu Changchen |
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