CN104511258A - Temperature bias field-applied AC electrothermal microfluidic mixer and AC electrothermal microfluidic mixing method - Google Patents
Temperature bias field-applied AC electrothermal microfluidic mixer and AC electrothermal microfluidic mixing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104511258A CN104511258A CN201410801857.3A CN201410801857A CN104511258A CN 104511258 A CN104511258 A CN 104511258A CN 201410801857 A CN201410801857 A CN 201410801857A CN 104511258 A CN104511258 A CN 104511258A
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Abstract
The invention provides an AC electrothermal microfluidic mixing method. The AC electrothermal microfluidic mixing method comprises the following specific step of applying a temperature difference to the outer wall of an AC electrothermal microfluidic mixing chamber to generate a temperature gradient inside the AC electrothermal microfluidic mixing chamber so as to promote mixing of a solution in the mixing chamber. The invention further provides an AC electrothermal microfluidic mixer. The AC electrothermal microfluidic mixer comprises at least two liquid inlet microchannels, a liquid outlet microchannel and an electrode pair, wherein the liquid inlet microchannels and the liquid outlet microchannel converge at the same place to form the AC electrothermal microfluidic mixing chamber; the electrode pair is arranged inside the AC electrothermal microfluidic mixing chamber; two liquid channels or a heater is/are arranged on the outer wall of the AC electrothermal microfluidic mixing chamber. Through additional application of the external temperature difference, the temperature gradient is generated inside the AC electrothermal microfluidic mixing chamber so as to promote mixing of liquid in the mixing chamber, so that the effect of mixing the liquid to be mixed by an electrothermal flow is improved, and the requirements on the conductivity, the voltage and the frequency of the solution are lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to micromixing technology field, being specifically related to a kind of the AC Electric Heater micro-mixer and the method that improve mixed effect by applying the inclined field of temperature.
Background technology
In biochip system, micro-mixer has become one of important component part in micro-fluidic system chip.Ask for something rapid-action biological solution process, as DNA hybridization, cell-stimulating, enzyme reaction, protein folding etc. inevitably relate to the mixing of reactant.
Electrocaloric effect phenomenon develops into active micromixing technology common in micro fluidic device and biochip system gradually in recent years.Electrocaloric effect phenomenon can produce chaotic advection effect, thus increases the contact surface of different liquids, effectively improves the mixing efficiency of liquid.Therefore AC Electric Heater micro-mixer has a good application prospect.
Electrocaloric effect phenomenon is mainly caused by temperature gradient, produces longitudinally and radial thermograde can cause the change of fluid properties in microchannel, as the dielectric constant of electrolyte and electrical conductivity etc.The change of these physical propertys can affect the motion of fluid by their interactions with electric field conversely, and then generation electric heating flows.The thermograde of the electrical conductivity of electrocaloric effect intensity and solution, voltage and its liquid internal is relevant.The micro-mixer of general AC Electric Heater phenomenon includes one for the passage that mixes and the bottom-side electrodes to be connected with the two poles of the earth of AC power for a pair, it is characterized in that the structure of electrode can be designed to difformity.But utilize the micro-mixer of AC Electric Heater phenomena principles at present, though all can mixed effect be produced, but comparatively harsh to the requirement of the electrical conductivity of solution, voltage.Too high voltage can make produce bubble in microchannel or cause biofluid in passage to lose activity, and too low voltage mixed effect cannot reach.Too high electrical conductivity can cause temperature in micro-mixer sharply to raise and cause channel wall to be out of shape or the activity of biofluid reduces, and during too low electrical conductivity, electric heating micro-mixer mixed effect is not good.
Summary of the invention
For above defect or the Improvement requirement of prior art, the invention provides a kind of AC Electric Heater micro-mixer and method, its object is to, make to produce the inclined field of temperature in electric heating stream blender microchannel by additional temperature difference, improve the mixed effect that electric heating stream treats mixing material, thus the requirement of relaxing electrical conductivity of solution, voltage swing and frequency, solve the technical problem that electric heating micro-mixer mixed effect is not good at lower voltages.
The invention provides a kind of alternating current hot-fluid microring array method, the outer wall in alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber applies temperature difference, makes to produce thermograde in alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber, thus promotes the solution mixing in hybrid chamber.
The inventive method is passed through the heater of external temperature difference or the setting additionally applied thus is made the inner generation in alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber thermograde, promote the liquid mixing in hybrid chamber, improve the mixed effect that electric heating stream treats mixing material, relax the requirement to electrical conductivity of solution, voltage swing and frequency.
In order to realize said method, the invention provides a kind of alternating current hot-fluid micro-mixer, comprise microchannel, at least two liquid inlets, , liquid outlet microchannel and an electrode pair, microchannel, liquid inlet and liquid outlet microchannel converge at same place and form alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber, electrode pair is arranged in alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber, it is characterized in that, also comprise two fluid passages, be symmetricly set on alternating current hot-fluid microring array cavity outer wall both sides, temperature difference is produced with the both sides external at hybrid chamber for passing into the liquid with temperature difference, external temperature difference is ordered about inside, alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber and is produced thermograde, thus the solution mixing in promotion hybrid chamber.
Described microchannel material adopts PDMS, PMMA, silicon or glass.Described conductive material adopts the metals such as gold, platinum and copper.Described liquid adopts water, oil or organic solution.
The implementation of above-mentioned alternating current hot-fluid micro-mixer has that difficulty of processing is low, temperature control is simple and the obvious Advantageous Effects of mixed effect.
In order to realize said method, present invention also offers a kind of alternating current hot-fluid micro-mixer, comprise microchannel, at least two liquid inlets, , liquid outlet microchannel and an electrode pair, microchannel, liquid inlet and liquid outlet microchannel converge at same place and form alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber, electrode pair is arranged on bottom alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber, it is characterized in that, also comprise heater, be symmetricly set on alternating current hot-fluid microring array cavity outer wall, inside, alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber is made to produce non-uniform temperature field by heater heat production, thus the liquid mixing in promotion hybrid chamber.
The position of described heater is unrestricted, can be bottom flow cavity or top, also can be the sidewall of flow cavity.Described heater adopts the conductive oxide films such as tin indium oxide (ITO) or the larger conductive material of other resistance, the external direct current in two ends or AC power.
The implementation of above-mentioned alternating current hot-fluid micro-mixer has temperature control easily and and the obvious Advantageous Effects of mixed effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the top view relying on both sides to be respectively provided with the electric heating stream micro-mixer of the fluid passage of different temperatures;
Fig. 2 is section A-A structural representation;
Fig. 3 is electrode shape schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is provided with resistance heater to improve the top view of the alternating current hot-fluid micro-mixer of mixing efficiency;
Fig. 5 is section B-B structural representation;
Fig. 6 is cross section C-C structural representation;
Fig. 7 is the geometrical model figure of emulation experiment;
Fig. 8 be the micro-mixer of emulation experiment each cross section on CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION result schematic diagram, Fig. 8 (a) is the concentration schematic diagram not applying thermograde, and Fig. 8 (b) applies the concentration schematic diagram of thermograde.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, if below in described each embodiment of the present invention involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can mutually combine.
Embodiment one: the AC Electric Heater micro-mixer being improved mixed effect by external temperature difference
As shown in Figure 1, the micro-mixer that both sides are respectively provided with isothermal liquid passage comprises the U-shaped fluid passage that 1 Y type flow cavity for mixed solution and 2 are connected with constant temperature fluid, and the wall of flow cavity adopts common microchannel material, and the selection of material is unrestricted.Three microchannel connectivity parts of Y type flow cavity form alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber, mixing chamber's basis rest has an electrode, electrode position is for shown in Fig. 1, be positioned at two solution cross after after position, electrode material is conductive material, the shape of electrode is unrestricted, is connected to the first alternating voltage between this two electrode.Y type flow cavity both sides arrange U-shaped passage A and the channel B of the isothermal liquid of a generic continuous flowing respectively.
Solution A is by syringe pump from entrance 1 admission passage 4, and solution B enters flow cavity 5 from entrance 2, and flow cavity 4 and flow cavity 5 cross and be merged into flow cavity 6, and solution A and solution B carry out mixing and flowing out from outlet 3 in flow cavity 6.Liquid C enters flow cavity 9 by peristaltic pump from entrance 7, and flows out from outlet 8.Liquid D enters flow cavity 12 by peristaltic pump from entrance 10, and flows out from outlet 11.Liquid C is not identical with liquid D temperature.Electrode 13 and 14 provides the alternating voltage needed for electrocaloric effect.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of A-A cross section in Fig. 1 of passage.The material of cover plate 15 is PDMS, and the material of substrate 16 is glass.Be full of the microchannel of solution to be mixed in channel cross-section 6,9 and 12 respectively in the constant temperature fluid A (20 DEG C) that flows of generic continuous and constant temperature fluid B (30 DEG C), both temperature can control respectively and temperature in both is unequal.Fig. 3 is that passage bottom is processed with microelectrode figure.
By changing the temperature difference between channel cross-section 9 and 12, the inherent width of cross section 6 being produced and adds thermograde, thus strengthening electric heating flowing, reaching the object strengthening solution mixed effect in microchannel.
Embodiment two: be provided with resistance heater to improve the alternating current hot-fluid micro-mixer of mixing efficiency
As shown in Figure 4, solution A is by syringe pump from entrance 1 admission passage 4, and solution B enters flow cavity 5 from entrance 2, and flow cavity 4 and flow cavity 5 cross and be merged into flow cavity 6, and solution A and solution B carry out mixing and flowing out from outlet 3 in flow cavity 6.Fig. 5 is B-B cross-sectional view in Fig. 4, and electrode 13 and 14 provides the alternating voltage needed for electrocaloric effect.Fig. 5 is C-C longitudinal section in Fig. 4, resistance heater 17 provides extra thermograde, electrode 13 and have the silicon dioxide insulating layer of one deck 1 micron thickness between electrode 14 and resistance heater 17 as electric field isolation layer, the electric jamming electrode 13 preventing resistance heater from producing and and the electric field that produces of electrode 14.Resistance heater 17 two ends are loaded with DC voltage, by the voltage at controlling resistance heater 17 two ends, resistance heater are generated heat, and make to produce extra thermograde in passage, to reach the object improving electrocaloric effect, improve mixed effect.
Thermal source is not limited to aforesaid way, by applying various forms of thermal source in hybrid chamber outside, makes its hybrid chamber inside produce non-uniform temperature gradiance and temperature field.
Example:
COMSOL Multiphysics 4.3a is used to carry out numerical simulation to the AC Electric Heater micro-mixer being improved mixed effect by external temperature difference, the governing equation of flow field, electric field and thermograde and its boundary condition are encoded in software and calculate, set up the discrete 3D model of triangular unit used with Lagrangian Quadratic Function Optimization, long 600 μm of passage in computational fields, high 50 μm, wide 100 μm, as shown in Figure 7.Fig. 4 is the design drawing of bottom surface ac electrode.As Fig. 5, altogether on 3D model, create 355460 tetrahedron unstrctured grid, be coupled and numerical solution by Finite Element Method.Convergence analysis shows that now solution does not change with mesh refinement.Use software Solving Algebraic Equation group and repeat iterative process until the absolute tolerance between two continuous print iterative steps is less than specified value (getting 0.001 in this emulation).Alternating voltage adopts frequency to be 10
7hz, rms voltage is 7V, and electrical conductivity is the condition of 0.1S/m.Situation microchannel internal channel width having the temperature difference is discussed, and it is 293K and 303K that channel side wall arranges fixed temperature respectively.Owing to can produce a small amount of Joule heat after ac electrode energising itself, assumed bottom ac electrode surface-boundary is fixed temperature 298K.Arrange concentration boundary conditions at feeder connection, entrance boundary left-half local arranges concentration C
1in=1, entrance boundary right half part local arranges concentration boundary conditions C
2in=0.Feeder connection is velocity boundary conditions, and entrance velocity is 200 μm/s.
Fig. 8 be micro-mixer each cross section on CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION, a considers electric heating effect, without external temperature gradient; B considers electrocaloric effect, has external temperature gradient.As can be seen from CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION result, the distribution of concentration is closely related with the form of corresponding streamline.After additional thermograde, the contact surface of two kinds of solution increases, and the effect of solution mixing improves.After external temp gradient, two liquid on channel cross-section produce asymmetric mixing due to the asymmetry of flowing, and contact area increases, and mix more abundant after can finding out applying external temp gradient in the drawings.
The computing formula of the mixing efficiency on assessment channel exit cross section is:
Wherein C is the CONCENTRATION DISTRIBUTION on outlet, C
∞concentration during for mixing completely, value is 0.5, C
0for unmixing concentration values is 0.Be 61.0% without mixing efficiency in additional thermograde situation, both sides have mixing efficiency under additional temperature gradient conditions to be 99.4%, and result shows the raising being conducive to mixing efficiency in temperature difference.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand, the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, the Y type micro-mixer that such as example of the present invention is selected, be not limited to this, the blender containing multiple access road is all suitable for the present invention.All any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. an alternating current hot-fluid microring array method, it is characterized in that, the method is specially: the outer wall in alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber applies temperature difference, makes to produce thermograde in alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber, thus promotes the solution mixing in hybrid chamber.
2. an alternating current hot-fluid micro-mixer, comprise microchannel, at least two liquid inlets, , liquid outlet microchannel and an electrode pair, microchannel, liquid inlet and liquid outlet microchannel converge at same place and form alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber, electrode pair is arranged in alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber, it is characterized in that, also comprise two fluid passages, be symmetricly set on alternating current hot-fluid microring array cavity outer wall both sides, for passing into the liquid with temperature difference to produce temperature difference in the outer wall both sides of hybrid chamber, outside wall temperature difference is ordered about inside, alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber and is produced the inclined field of temperature, thus the solution mixing in promotion hybrid chamber.
3. an alternating current hot-fluid micro-mixer, comprise microchannel, at least two liquid inlets, a liquid outlet microchannel and electrode pair, microchannel, liquid inlet and liquid outlet microchannel converge at same place and form alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber, electrode pair is arranged on bottom alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber, it is characterized in that, also comprise heater, be arranged on bottom or the side of alternating current hot-fluid microring array cavity outer wall, make inside, alternating current hot-fluid microring array chamber produce the inclined field of temperature by heater heat production, thus promote the liquid mixing in hybrid chamber.
4. alternating current hot-fluid micro-mixer according to claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprises the electric field isolation layer be arranged between described electrode pair and heater, the electric field that the electric jamming electrode pair produced for preventing resistance heater produces.
5. the alternating current hot-fluid micro-mixer according to claim 3 or 4, is characterized in that, described heater is conductive devices.
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| CN112668214A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-04-16 | 彩虹显示器件股份有限公司 | Thermal design method for channel heater model selection and temperature field distribution |
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