CN104507769A - 具有打开件的储能装置的阀 - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
- B60T13/12—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid
- B60T13/14—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being liquid using accumulators or reservoirs fed by pumps
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- B60T17/22—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices
- B60T17/226—Devices for monitoring or checking brake systems; Signal devices using devices being responsive to the difference between the fluid pressions in conduits of multiple braking systems
- B60T17/227—With additional functions, e.g. by-pass
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
- B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
- B60T8/36—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition including a pilot valve responding to an electromagnetic force
- B60T8/3615—Electromagnetic valves specially adapted for anti-lock brake and traction control systems
- B60T8/3675—Electromagnetic valves specially adapted for anti-lock brake and traction control systems integrated in modulator units
- B60T8/368—Electromagnetic valves specially adapted for anti-lock brake and traction control systems integrated in modulator units combined with other mechanical components, e.g. pump units, master cylinders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
- B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
- B60T8/48—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition connecting the brake actuator to an alternative or additional source of fluid pressure, e.g. traction control systems
- B60T8/4809—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems
- B60T8/4827—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems
- B60T8/4863—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems closed systems
- B60T8/4872—Traction control, stability control, using both the wheel brakes and other automatic braking systems in hydraulic brake systems closed systems pump-back systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
- F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
- F16K17/0406—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded in the form of balls
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
- F16K17/04—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded
- F16K17/042—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side spring-loaded with locking or disconnecting arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
- F16K31/122—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a piston
- F16K31/1221—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid the fluid acting on a piston one side of the piston being spring-loaded
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种储能装置(38)的阀(48),所述储能装置构造有储能缸(40)和在储能缸中被引导的储能活塞(42),阀设有用于可选地打开和关闭在阀座(54)上的阀孔(58)的阀密封体(50)和用于可选地使所述阀密封体(50)从所述阀座(54)抬起的打开件(70),其中,所述打开件(70)利用弹簧元件(64)被保持。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种储能装置的阀,该储能装置构造有储能缸和在储能缸中被引导的储能活塞。该阀包括用于可选地打开和关闭在阀座上的阀孔的阀密封体及用于可选地使阀密封体从阀座抬起的打开件。
背景技术
这种类型的储能装置特别是使用在车辆制动设备中并且用于中间存储为制动液形式的压力介质。在此,例如在具有防抱死系统(ABS)和电子稳定程序(ESP)的车辆制动设备中,压力介质从车轮制动缸被引导回来或者从主储能器中输送到车辆制动设备处。
在液压单元、特别是车辆制动设备的储能装置中的阀用于控制在相关储能装置之内的压力介质的量。
储能装置包括储能缸和在储能缸之内被引导的储能活塞,利用该储能活塞限制压力介质的储能体积。可根据需要从该储能体积中将压力介质输送到制动回路中。如果储能体积减小,则储能活塞很深地进入储能缸中,使得其通过打开件打开弹簧辅助关闭的阀。由此压力介质,通过打开的阀再次流入储能缸中。
传统上使用的打开件设计成销,其以精确配合的方式位置固定地被插入、特别是压入储能活塞中。精确配合的加工是必要的,因为用于使阀密封体抬起的打开件必须准确地碰撞该阀密封体。通常,销形的打开件从活塞侧穿过阀孔被引导到阀密封体。为此,在储能活塞的部分几何结构中且在储能活塞的往复运动时整体上需要高的精度。精确的部分几何结构仅仅可通过高精度的且由此高成本的部件、加工和装配实现。精确的往复运动要求具有例如附加的引导环和大的引导长度的高成本结构。
发明内容
根据本发明,实现一种储能装置的阀,该储能装置构造有储能缸和在储能缸中被引导的储能活塞。该阀设有用于可选地打开和关闭在阀座上的阀孔的阀密封体。此外,阀具有用于可选地使阀密封体从阀座抬起的打开件。在此,打开件通过弹簧元件、确切地说以弹性的方式被保持。
通过弹簧元件的弹性性能,该弹簧元件在施加力时变形并且在作用的力消失时再次具有其原来的形状。在此,弹簧元件同时使打开件在阀密封体上保持在其位置中。由此,弹簧元件使得可以位置精确地且同时稳定地定位打开件。同时,打开件具有限定的运动间隙,以便其可根据需求使阀密封体从阀座处抬起。
通过根据本发明的解决方案,打开件可特别简单且成本适宜地精确定位。同时,打开件可在弹簧元件处充分运动,以在活塞运动时被活塞带动并且向着阀密封体移动。为了装配,打开件通过相关的弹簧元件优选简单地被推入且卡入或卡到储能装置上。此外,弹簧元件与打开件一起成本适宜地制成相对小的精密件。因此此外优选地,打开件与弹簧元件设计成单件,其有利地被预制并且以低成本借助于弹簧元件传力地和/或形状配合地保持在储能装置处。
总地来说,与传统的储能装置相比,对打开件的加工和其在储能装置处的装配提出更低的精度要求。由此,减小了加工消耗和加工成本。
尤其优选地,打开件利用弹簧元件保持在储能缸或缸处。通过这种保持,打开件被保持在这样的构件上,即,阀关闭体在该构件处也至少间接地贴靠在其阀座上。因此,在这些构件之间的相对位置尤其精确。此外,打开件可通过简单的卡入非常容易地装配在缸上。
备选地,打开件有利地通过弹簧元件保持在储能活塞或活塞上。在此也实现了简单的卡夹装配。
此外,在该改进方案中可使用简单的标准储能活塞,而在该标准储能活塞处不需要用于打开件的特别精确的压配合。因此,活塞几何结构可保持非常简单。此外,由于压紧力几乎完全避免了磨损或变形风险。
通过使从属的弹簧元件直接布置在特别是阀座体的形成阀座的构件上,实现了根据本发明被保持的打开件的特别精确的定位。这种类型的弹簧元件也可与打开件一起设计得尺寸特别小。有利地,弹簧元件与形成阀座的构件一起的单件设计也是有利的。此外也有利的是,阀密封体同样与打开件和弹簧元件构造成一体。在此,特别是弹簧钢的高强度也可用于阀座和/或阀密封体。通过这种类型的“组合件”,包围的泵壳体也可设计成特别小。
打开件优选地设计成具有用于作用在、特别是稍微偏心地作用在阀密封体上的销元件。有利地,作为打开件的这种类型的销可穿过阀孔,以一方面作用到阀密封体上并且另一方面被储能活塞操纵。销的面向阀密封体的端部特别是可与其相匹配,特别是设计成具有斜置的接触面,以便阀密封体在打开件撞击时不在阀密封体的表面上变形。优选地,打开件稍微偏心地作用在阀密封体上,由此,简化了阀密封体从阀座处的松开和抬起。那么,稍微使阀密封体非对称地抬起,由此快速地增大了阀孔的流通横截面并且单位时间内可流过更多流体。
优选地,根据本发明的弹簧元件设计成具有基本上径向指向的棒区段。该棒区段建立从径向外侧向径向内侧的弹性连接并且可以这种方式非常简单地将棒形的打开件保持在其余的、圆柱形的缸-活塞-组件的中央。在此在中央可有利地布置阀孔,由此,可通过根据本发明的阀实现对称的且很大程度上更加层流的流通。为此,弹簧元件可成本非常适宜地设计成简单的弹簧丝。那么,通过弹簧丝也可同时制造棒形的或销形的打开件。
为了位置固定地将弹簧元件特别地安装在储能缸或储能活塞上,弹簧元件优选地设计成具有环形的保持区段。该保持区段可通过弹簧丝形成弹簧环,该弹簧环特别是在其端部区段上径向向内指向。
此外,在根据本发明的阀中有利的是,弹簧元件设计成具有面向活塞的轴向的凸状部。这种类型的凸状部是在储能活塞和打开件之间的间隔件。使得根据本发明的组件能够特别简单地与不同类型的储能缸和/或储能活塞相匹配。
本发明相应地还涉及这种类型的根据本发明的阀在储能装置中的应用,该储能装置特别是用于车辆制动设备的液压设备,在其中,特别是储能活塞设计成具有面向打开件的轴向的拱起部。当打开件同时装配在储能缸或阀座体上时,这种设计是特别有利的。优选地,面向打开件的活塞端面以其拱起部设计成至少近似截球形。有利地,截球的中心是这样的点,即,当储能活塞偏离其理论的线性运动时,储能活塞在储能缸之内可绕该点稍微旋转或摆动。由此,储能活塞在储能缸中的这种类型的偏移很大程度上对打开件的操纵没有影响。
附图说明
下面根据示意性的附图详细解释根据本发明的解决方案的实施例。其中:
图1示出了根据现有技术的具有储能装置的车辆制动设备的液压线路图的一部分,
图2示出了图1中的细节II,
图3示出了根据图1的储能装置的纵向剖视图,
图4示出了根据本发明的用于储能装置的弹簧元件的第一实施例的立体图,
图5示出了根据本发明的用于储能装置的弹簧元件的第二实施例的立体图,
图6示出了具有根据本发明的弹簧元件的储能装置的第一实施例的纵向剖视图,以及
图7示出了具有根据本发明的弹簧元件的储能装置的第二实施例的纵向剖视图。
具体实施方式
在图1中示出了车辆制动设备10,其包括可由相关的四轮车辆的驾驶员操纵的制动踏板12。该制动踏板12作用到制动力放大器14上,借助于该制动力放大器可在相关的主制动缸16处产生作用到为制动液形式的流体上的压力。主制动缸16与不同的流体管路18相连接,特别是切换阀20、具有从属的驱动马达24的泵元件22、用于左后的输入阀26、用于右前的输入阀28、用于左后的输出阀30、用于右前的输出阀32以及用于左后的制动缸34和用于右前的制动缸36可选地通过流体管路18相互流体连通地连接。此外,用于中间存储制动液的储能装置38联接到流体管路18中。
储能装置38在图2中以较粗略的原理图示出并且在图3中以较详细的原理图示出。储能装置38包括杯形的、圆柱形的储能缸40,储能活塞42可移动地支承在储能缸40中。在此,储能活塞42在储能缸40的内侧借助于位置固定地布置在储能活塞42处的活塞密封部44流体密封地但是同时可移动地密封。活塞弹簧46将可如此移动地支承的储能活塞42挤入储能缸40的杯形中,由此,在该储能缸内部中在压力下形成用于中间存储制动流体的压力腔。
在储能缸40的杯形的与储能活塞42相对的底部面上,在杯形处构造有阀48,借助于该阀48可选择性地将制动流体引入储能缸40的内部中。当储能活塞42更深地运动到储能缸40中并且由此接近阀48时,借助于储能活塞42操纵阀48。为此,阀48设计成具有阀密封体50,其借助于阀弹簧52沿向着储能活塞42的方向挤靠阀座54。阀座54成型在阀座体56处并且在此包围阀孔58。阀座体56可构造成一件式,具有阀座以及阀座载体的多件式或者集成地构造为在储能缸40中的固定件。
在储能活塞42处构造有为销形式的打开件60,其以与阀孔58相对的方式被压入储能活塞42处的压配合部62中并且位置固定地被保持在此。压配合部62用于将销形的打开件60特别是在储能活塞42的轴向方向上相对于贴靠在阀座54上的阀密封体50非常精确地定位。需要精确的定位,以便储能活塞42将阀密封体50在其运动到储能活塞42中时在精确限定的位置处从阀座54抬起并且以这种方式打开阀48。
在图4中示出了根据本发明的弹簧元件64。该弹簧元件64由弹簧丝形成并且包括环形的在一个部位处敞开的保持区段66和从其径向向内伸出的棒区段68。这两个区段66和68用于弹性地保持打开件70,该打开件以轴向指向的销区段的形式联接到棒区段68上。
在根据图5的弹簧元件64的实施例中,在从棒区段68到销形的打开件70的过渡部处成型出弹簧丝的远离打开件70的凸状部71。
销区段如在图6和7中示出的那样穿过从属的阀孔58伸出并且以倾斜地取向的接触面72终止,该接触面设置成用于靠到相关的阀密封体50上。打开件70的定位由此相应于根据现有技术的打开件60的定位。但是同时,打开件70不是刚性地而是弹性地布置在储能装置38的另一体部上。其特别是可弹性地直接或间接布置在储能缸上,由此实现了相对于阀密封体的简单的且同时精确的定位。
在图6示出的实施例中,弹簧元件64利用其保持区段66卡在储能缸40的内侧并且以这种方式位置固定地安装在该处。在图7示出的实施例中,弹簧元件64利用其环形的保持区段66保持在相应地成型的阀座体56上并且由此直接靠近阀座54被保持。
如此弹性地保持在储能缸40或阀座体56处的打开件70借助于储能活塞42向着阀密封体50运动,以能够使该阀密封体如以上解释的那样从阀座54处抬起。为此,在面向弹簧元件64的活塞端面74上在中间构造拱起部76,储能活塞42在其运动到储能缸40中时以该拱起部76进行碰撞。拱起部76设计成截球的形状并且在此具有半径78,该半径如此选择,即,储能活塞42在储能缸40之内稍微摆动时绕中心80摆动,半径78从该中心80开始。
Claims (10)
1.一种储能装置(38)的阀(48),所述储能装置构造有储能缸(40)和在所述储能缸中被引导的储能活塞(42),所述阀包括用于可选地打开和关闭在阀座(54)上的阀孔(58)的阀密封体(50)和用于可选地使所述阀密封体(50)从所述阀座(54)抬起的打开件(70),其中,所述打开件(70)利用弹簧元件(64)被保持。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阀,其中,所述打开件(70)利用所述弹簧元件(64)被保持在所述储能缸(40)处。
3.根据权利要求1所述的阀,其中,所述打开件(70)利用所述弹簧元件(64)被保持在所述储能活塞(42)处。
4.根据权利要求1所述的阀,其中,所述打开件(70)利用所述弹簧元件(64)被保持在形成所述阀座(54)的阀座体(56)处。
5.根据权利要求1至4中任一项所述的阀,其中,所述打开件(70)设计成具有用于作用在、特别是稍微偏心地作用在所述阀密封体(50)上的销元件。
6.根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的阀,其中,所述弹簧元件(64)设计成具有基本上径向指向的棒区段(68)。
7.根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的阀,其中,所述弹簧元件(64)是弹簧丝。
8.根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的阀,其中,所述弹簧元件(64)设计成具有环形的保持区段(66)。
9.根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的阀,其中,所述弹簧元件(64)设计成具有面向所述储能活塞(42)的轴向的凸状部(71)。
10.一种根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的阀(48)在特别是用于车辆制动设备(10)的液压设备的储能装置(38)中的应用,其中,所述储能活塞(42)特别是设计成具有面向所述打开件(70)的轴向的拱起部(76)。
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CN114194318A (zh) * | 2020-09-18 | 2022-03-18 | 彦豪金属工业股份有限公司 | 流体压力感测装置及防锁死刹车组件 |
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