CN104506132B - A kind of control method of the hardware circuit of the low-loss photovoltaic battery panel optimization output power device of high efficiency - Google Patents
A kind of control method of the hardware circuit of the low-loss photovoltaic battery panel optimization output power device of high efficiency Download PDFInfo
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- CN104506132B CN104506132B CN201510038713.1A CN201510038713A CN104506132B CN 104506132 B CN104506132 B CN 104506132B CN 201510038713 A CN201510038713 A CN 201510038713A CN 104506132 B CN104506132 B CN 104506132B
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- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
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- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
- G05F1/66—Regulating electric power
- G05F1/67—Regulating electric power to the maximum power available from a generator, e.g. from solar cell
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
Abstract
The application is related to a kind of hardware circuit of the low-loss photovoltaic battery panel optimization output power device of high efficiency, including：Maximize the circuit of single photovoltaic battery panel group string power output；The circuit of disconnection group string cell panel output when photovoltaic battery panel group string current loss is detected；Bypass the circuit of the cell panel substring of shade；Output current sample circuit.With reference to low pressure drop power MOSFET, whole circuit shows efficient advantage in control photovoltaic battery panel power output；The output open circuit of bypass and fail battery plate to the cell panel that shades can guarantee that the power output of integral battery door plate array is maximized；And output isolated fault is quickly closed in the system failure, safety and reliability is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hardware circuit of the photovoltaic battery panel optimization output power device of high efficiency low-loss (power consumption),
Belong to dc power circuit field.
Background technology
Any part of photovoltaic cell plate array can not be shaded, and if cell piece is shaded, then they just will not be produced
Give birth to electric current and reverse biased can be formed, this means that the component for being shaded can consume power heating, in the course of time, forms event
Barrier.Here it is so-called tropical island effect.
Tropical island effect is prevented, typically by solar panel slant setting, prevents surface from being attached to shelter.But accidentally
Block inevitable, therefore conventional bypass diode plays a protective role, bypass diode can prevent due to branch trouble or
The electric current that masking causes is flowed to the phenomenon of weak current branch road by heavy current branch road.0.4~0.7V of each diode drop, thus exists
The loss that diode on cell plate group string is produced is up to 10~30W.
Chinese patent CN201210118068 discloses a kind of secondary booster circuit based on MPPT boostings.As shown in figure 1,
The disclosure of the invention a kind of secondary booster circuit and distributed solar energy battery pack based on MPPT boostings.Based on MPPT boostings
Secondary booster circuit, using super capacitor and charge balancing module so that the power output after secondary booster is within a certain period of time
Stabilization, and the effect of stabilization power output is prayed further with super capacitor；Distributed solar energy battery pack is by N number of single
The battery packs, in parallel on each solar panel of the solar battery group that are formed in parallel of 11~1n of solar panel
One 21~2n of front-end circuit, inverter 3, the electric power networks module 4, external connection of the secondary booster circuit based on MPPT boostings
Device 5 and communication bus are constituted.Compared with bypass diode, it is original due to tropical island effect that the invention can eliminate solar panel
And puncturing of causing, but the circuit is based on secondary booster, the energy loss for itself producing is very important, and do not possess because times
Insulation blocking function after what reason causing trouble.
Chinese patent CN201220479308 discloses a kind of DC/DC power circuits of photovoltaic MPPT controller, the power supply
Circuit applies 34063 integrated circuits, extends input voltage range, and meeting wide scope solar panel input module will
Ask.And when battery electric power is sufficient, the input of 5~6W need to be only provided to this circuit, and this system power supply is given without battery, from
And battery loss is reduced, drastically increase systematic difference scope.Additionally, the power circuit is powered to radio receiver module and is adopted
Designed with PWM switch power modules, considerably reduce peripheral circuit, and can guarantee that radio effectively runs.The system is only
Only provide MPPT functions, it is impossible to eliminate the tropical island effect of fail battery plate；Nor after possessing causing trouble for any reason
Insulation blocking function.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the tropical island effect of fail battery plate and ensure that cell panel or electricity generation system other links break down
Insulation blocking and the maximization (MPPT) of power output afterwards, the invention provides a kind of photovoltaic cell of high efficiency low power consumption
The hardware circuit of plate optimization output power device.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the scheme that the present invention is used for：
A kind of photovoltaic battery panel optimization output power device hardware circuit of high efficiency low power consumption, including maximize single photovoltaic
The circuit of cell plate group string power output；The disconnection group string cell panel output when photovoltaic battery panel group string current loss is detected
Circuit；Bypass the circuit of the cell panel substring of shade；Output current sample circuit.The hardware circuit have controlled electronic switch,
Diode, inductance, storage capacitor, sampling resistor.Photovoltaic battery panel group string is accessed from PV+, PV-, and substring accesses PVS1, PVS2；
Optimizer is exported from OUT+, OUT-, the output series connection of the optimization output power device being adapted to other photovoltaic battery panel group strings.Entirely
Hardware circuit constitutes the circuit for maximizing single photovoltaic battery panel group string power output；Controlled electronic switch S4 on serial loop
It is the circuit for disconnecting the output of photovoltaic battery panel group string；Controlled electronic switch S1, S2, S3 of input side thtee-stage shiplock are bypass shades
Or the circuit of fail battery plank string；Controlled electronic switch S5 and diode D5 provides bypass photovoltaic battery panel group on parallel circuits
The function of string；Precision resister optimization of collection device output current；Storage capacitor absorbs the electric current output that electric charge provides the short time.
The photovoltaic battery panel optimization output power device hardware circuit of described high efficiency low power consumption, all controlled electronic switch
It is electro-mechanical switches or semiconductor switch.
The photovoltaic battery panel optimization output power device hardware circuit of described high efficiency low power consumption, serial controlled electronic switch
S4 and parallel controlled electronic switch S5 can not be simultaneously turned on.
The control method of the photovoltaic battery panel optimization output power device hardware circuit of described high efficiency low power consumption is as follows：
Step one：When photovoltaic battery panel group string inactivity is exported or output voltage minimum value is not up to circuit configuration threshold value
Serial controlled electronic switch S4, parallel controlled electronic switch S5 is off-state；By the parallel diode D5 of low conduction voltage drop
Road cell plate group string and for other photovoltaic battery panel group string electric currents provide passage；The three-level controlled electronic switch S1 of input side, S2,
S3 is remained off.
Step 2：
1) when photovoltaic battery panel group string output voltage minimum value reaches circuit configuration threshold value, serial controlled electronic switch
S4 turns on 100ms, and parallel controlled electronic switch S5 is remained open；Detect excellent while controlled electronic switch S4 disconnects after 100ms
Change the output voltage of device；After inspection optimization device output voltage again after 100ms；Magnitude of voltage contrast according to double sampling judges
Whether inverter is connected with PV sides.
2) voltage on real-time sampling photovoltaic battery panel three-level substring, if substring voltage is less than setting threshold value, correspondence
Controlled electronic switch conducting bypass this grade of substring cell panel.Often cross 10s and disconnect the bypass controlled electronic switch for once turning on, such as
The voltage that fruit detects again continues to turn on less than threshold value, level switch；Said process is continued for until the voltage for detecting is high
In threshold value.
Step 3：When the not connected PV sides of inverter are judged, repeat step two always；When judging that inverter is connected to PV sides
When, optimizer enters MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT) pattern, control circuit output pulse width modulation (PWM) waveform control S4
Break-make, S5 is remained open, and makes single battery plate group string power output maximum.Continue sampled output current in the step, if output
Electric current is less than open circuit or system event between photovoltaic battery panel group string caused by the threshold value or any other reason of circuit configuration
Barrier, optimizer can return to step one state, keep Fault Isolation and rupturing duty output.
The controlled electronic switch of described high efficiency low power consumption photovoltaic battery panel optimization output power device hardware circuit can be with
It is relay, contactor, or Metal-oxide-semicondutor field-effect transistor (MOSFET), insulated gate bipolar transistor
(IGBT)。
With reference to low pressure drop power MOSFET, whole circuit shows efficient low-consume in control photovoltaic battery panel power output
Advantage.The output open circuit of bypass and fail battery plate to the cell panel that shades can guarantee that the power output of integral battery door plate array
Maximize.And output isolated fault is quickly closed in the system failure, safety and reliability is improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is photovoltaic cell component output circuit figure in the prior art
Fig. 2 is the circuit theory diagrams of photovoltaic battery panel optimization output power device of the invention
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the optimizer of the specific embodiment of the invention
Fig. 4 is the circuit theory diagrams of photovoltaic battery panel optimization output power device when not going up electricity or the system failure
Fig. 5 is the circuit theory diagrams of photovoltaic battery panel optimization output power device under MPPT patterns
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, principle of the invention and feature are clearly and completely retouched
State, described embodiment is served only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 2 the photovoltaic battery panel optimization output power device hardware circuit of a high efficiency low power consumption, including controlled electricity
Sub switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, for example, can be semiconductor switch, diode D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, inductance L, storage capacitor
C1, C2, sampling resistor R1；Photovoltaic battery panel group string is accessed from input PV+, PV-, the substring difference in photovoltaic battery panel group string
(PV+ and PVS2, PVS2 and PVS1, PVS1 and PV- connect a Battery pack plank string, overall composition three-level respectively to access PVS1, PVS2
Cell plate group string), diode D1 positive poles meet PV-, and the negative pole of diode D1 meets PVS1, and diode D2 positive poles meet PVS1, diode
D2 negative poles meet PVS2, diode D3 positive poles and meet PVS2, and diode D3 negative poles meet PV+, controlled electronic switch S1, S2, S3 respectively with
Diode D1, D2, D3 are in parallel, and storage capacitor C1 two ends are connected with input PV+ and PV- respectively, diode D4 and diode D5
Series connection, the negative pole of diode D4 meets PV+, and the positive pole of diode D5 meets PV-, while the positive pole of diode D4 is connected with inductance L, electricity
Another termination output end OUT+, controlled electronic switch S4, S5 are in parallel with diode D4 and D5 respectively for sense, and storage capacitor C2 mono- is terminated
Output end OUT+, one end of another termination sampling resistor R1, another termination output end OUT- of R1；Optimizer hardware circuit from
OUT+, OUT- are exported, and controlled electronic switch S4 is the circuit for disconnecting the output of photovoltaic battery panel group string；Controlled electronic switch S1, S2,
S3 is bypass shade or disconnects the circuit of fail battery plank string to ensure the power output maximization of panel array；Controlled electricity
Sub switch S5 and diode D5 provides the function of bypass photovoltaic battery panel group string；Precision resister optimization of collection device output current；
Storage capacitor absorbs the electric current output that electric charge provides the short time.
When the output of photovoltaic battery panel group string inactivity or output voltage minimum value are not up to circuit configuration threshold value, serially
Controlled electronic switch S4, parallel controlled electronic switch S5 be off-state；The parallel diode D5 bypass electricity of low conduction voltage drop
Pond plate group string and for other photovoltaic battery panel group string electric currents provide passage；Three-level controlled electronic switch S1, S2, S3 of input side are protected
Hold off-state.
When photovoltaic battery panel group string output voltage minimum value reaches circuit configuration threshold value, controlled electronic switch S4 conductings
100ms, controlled electronic switch S5 is remained open；The output of inspection optimization device while controlled electronic switch S4 disconnects after 100ms
Voltage；After inspection optimization device output voltage again after 100ms；Whether magnitude of voltage contrast according to double sampling judges inverter
It is connected with PV sides；When judging that inverter is not connected with PV sides, the step is repeated always.
Voltage on real-time sampling photovoltaic battery panel three-level substring, it is corresponding if substring voltage is less than setting threshold value
Controlled electronic switch conducting this grade of substring cell panel of bypass；Often cross 10s and disconnect the bypass controlled electronic switch for once turning on, if
The substring voltage for detecting again is less than threshold value, and level switch continues to turn on；Said process is continued for the voltage until detecting
Higher than threshold value.
When judging that inverter is connected to PV sides, as shown in figure 5, optimizer enters MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT) mould
Formula, control circuit output pulse width modulation (PWM) waveform control S4 break-makes, S5 is remained open, and makes single battery plate group string defeated
Go out power maximum；In the step continue sampled output current, if output current less than circuit configuration threshold value or it is any its
The breaking or system failure between photovoltaic battery panel group string caused by his reason, optimizer can return to the state of the first step, keep event
Phragma is exported from rupturing duty.
Controlled electronic switch therein can also be relay, contactor, or insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT).
The controlled circuit control of controlled electronic switch, the control circuit can be by conventional control circuit reality of the prior art
It is existing.
Circuit of the invention can also be as shown in figure 3, by MOSFET：STR1,STR2,STR3,Q1,Q2；Inductance L；Electric capacity C；
The circuits such as high-precision current sampling resistor and detection sampling, control, communication are constituted.All controlled circuit controls of MOSFET,
It is the circuit (will not be repeated here) that can realize following conducting break function commonly used in the prior art that this controls circuit, and sample PV
Side output voltage, three-level substring voltage and outlet side voltage x current.
The course of work is as follows：
Step one：When photovoltaic battery panel group string inactivity is exported or output voltage minimum value is not up to circuit configuration threshold value
MOSFET Q1, Q2 are off-state；The diode of Q2 inside reverse parallel connection is logical for other photovoltaic battery panel group string electric currents are provided
Road；The three-level MOSFET STR1 of input side, STR2, STR3 are remained off.
Step 2：
1) when photovoltaic battery panel group string output voltage minimum value reaches circuit configuration threshold value, Q1 conducting 100ms, Q2 guarantors
Hold disconnection；The output voltage of inspection optimization device while Q1 disconnects after 100ms；After inspection optimization device output again after 100ms
Voltage；Magnitude of voltage contrast according to double sampling judges whether inverter is connected with PV sides.
2) voltage on real-time sampling photovoltaic battery panel three-level substring, if substring voltage is less than setting threshold value, correspondence
Controlled electronic switch conducting bypass this grade of substring cell panel.Often cross 10s and disconnect the bypass controlled electronic switch for once turning on, such as
The voltage that fruit detects again continues to turn on less than threshold value, level switch；Said process is continued for until the voltage for detecting is high
In threshold value.
Step 3：When the not connected PV sides of inverter are judged, repeat step two always；When judging that inverter is connected to PV sides
When, when other conditions meet MPPT (MPPT maximum power point tracking) and require, optimizer will be closed into MPPT patterns, control circuit output
The PWM waveform of suitable dutycycle drives Q1, Q2 to remain open, and the diode of Q2 inside reverse parallel connection is inductance within the Q1 shut-off cycles
Afterflow is provided, monoblock circuit is operated under BUCK patterns, make the power output of the photovoltaic battery panel group string maximum.Held in the step
Continuous sampled output current, if output current is less than photovoltaic battery panel caused by the threshold value or any other reason of circuit configuration
Open circuit or the system failure between group string, optimizer can return to step one state, keep Fault Isolation and rupturing duty output.
It is described above to be merely exemplary for the purpose of the present invention, and it is nonrestrictive, and those of ordinary skill in the art understand,
In the case where the spirit and scope that claims appended below is limited are not departed from, many modifications, change or equivalent can be made,
But fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of control method of the photovoltaic battery panel optimization output power device hardware circuit of high efficiency low power consumption, the high efficiency
The photovoltaic battery panel optimization output power device hardware circuit of low-power consumption includes：Controlled electronic switch S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, two poles
Pipe D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, inductance L, storage capacitor C1, C2, sampling resistor R1；Photovoltaic battery panel group string from input PV+,
PV- is accessed, and the substring in photovoltaic battery panel group string is respectively connected to PVS1, PVS2, and the optimizer hardware circuit is defeated from OUT+, OUT-
Go out, the controlled electronic switch S4 on serial loop forms the circuit for disconnecting the output of photovoltaic battery panel group string；Input side thtee-stage shiplock
Controlled electronic switch S1, S2, S3 form the circuit of bypass shade or fail battery plank string ensureing the defeated of panel array
Go out power maximization；Controlled electronic switch S5 and diode D5 provides the function of bypass photovoltaic battery panel group string on parallel circuits；
Sampling resistor R1 optimization of collection device output currents；Storage capacitor C1, C2 absorb the electric current output that electric charge provides the short time；The hardware
Circuit constitutes the circuit for maximizing single photovoltaic battery panel group string power output, and what can be adapted to other photovoltaic battery panel group strings is defeated
Go out the output series connection of power optimization device,
The positive pole of wherein diode D1 meets PV-, and the negative pole of diode D1 meets PVS1, and the positive pole of diode D2 meets PVS1, diode
The negative pole of D2 meets PVS2, the positive pole of diode D3 and meets PVS2, and the negative pole of diode D3 meets PV+, controlled electronic switch S1, S2, S3
In parallel with diode D1, D2, D3 respectively, storage capacitor C1 two ends are connected with input PV+ and PV- respectively, diode D4 and two
Pole pipe D5 connects, and the negative pole of diode D4 meets PV+, and the positive pole of diode D5 meets PV-, while the positive pole of diode D4 and inductance L
Connection, inductance L another termination output end OUT+, controlled electronic switch S4, S5 is in parallel with diode D4 and D5 respectively, storage capacitor
C2 mono- terminates output end OUT+, one end of another termination sampling resistor R1, another termination output end OUT- of R1；
The control method comprises the following steps：
Step one：When photovoltaic battery panel group string inactivity is exported or output voltage minimum value is not up to circuit configuration threshold value, receive
Control electronic switch S4, controlled electronic switch S5 are off-state；The diode D5 shunt batteries plate group string of low conduction voltage drop is simultaneously
Other photovoltaic battery panel group string electric currents provide passage；Controlled electronic switch S1, S2, S3 of input side are remained off；
Step 2：
When photovoltaic battery panel group string output voltage minimum value reaches circuit configuration threshold value, controlled electronic switch S4 conductings
100ms, controlled electronic switch S5 is remained open；The output of inspection optimization device while controlled electronic switch S4 disconnects after 100ms
Voltage；After inspection optimization device output voltage again after 100ms；Whether magnitude of voltage contrast according to double sampling judges inverter
It is connected with PV sides；
Voltage on real-time sampling photovoltaic battery panel three-level substring, it is corresponding controlled if substring voltage is less than setting threshold value
Electronic switch conducting this grade of substring cell panel of bypass；Often cross 10s and disconnect the bypass controlled electronic switch for once turning on, if again
The substring voltage of detection is less than threshold value, and level switch continues to turn on；Said process is continued for
Threshold value；
Step 3：When the not connected PV sides of inverter are judged, repeat step two always；When judging that inverter is connected to PV sides,
Optimizer enters MPPT maximum power point tracking (MPPT) pattern, and control circuit output pulse width modulation (PWM) waveform control S4 leads to
Disconnected, S5 is remained open, and makes single battery plate group string power output maximum；Continue sampled output current in the step, if output electricity
Stream less than open circuit or the system failure between photovoltaic battery panel group string caused by the threshold value or any other reason of circuit configuration,
Optimizer can return to step one state, keep Fault Isolation and rupturing duty output.
2. control method according to claim 1, controlled electronic switch is relay, contactor, or metal-oxide
Thing-semiconductcor field effect transistor（MOSFET）, insulated gate bipolar transistor（IGBT）.
3. control method according to claim 1, wherein, controlled electronic switch S4 and controlled electronic switch S5 can not be simultaneously
Conducting.
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