CN104506038B - Optical coupling detection based Buck convertor soft-switching control method - Google Patents

Optical coupling detection based Buck convertor soft-switching control method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104506038B
CN104506038B CN201510030580.3A CN201510030580A CN104506038B CN 104506038 B CN104506038 B CN 104506038B CN 201510030580 A CN201510030580 A CN 201510030580A CN 104506038 B CN104506038 B CN 104506038B
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current
igbt module
optocoupler
buck
control method
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CN104506038A (en
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安群涛
孙东阳
凡绍桂
孙力
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Harbin Institute of Technology
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M1/00Details of apparatus for conversion
    • H02M1/08Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
    • H02M1/083Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the ignition at the zero crossing of the voltage or the current
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B70/00Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
    • Y02B70/10Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an optical coupling detection based Buck convertor soft-switching control method and belongs to the technical field of direct-current converters. The optical coupling detection based Buck convertor soft-switching control method aims at solving the problem that an existing direct-current converter soft switching method needs an auxiliary circuit and accordingly system complex is caused. According to the optical coupling detection based Buck convertor soft-switching control method, an optical coupling detection circuit is adopted to detect and obtain voltage of a middle point of a Buck convertor bridge arm, the on-off state of a fly-wheel diode in a Buck convertor is obtained according to the voltage of the middle point of the bridge arm, further a zero-current opening signal of an IGBT module is obtained, and Buck convertor soft-switching control is achieved according to the zero-current opening signal. The IGBT module is provided with a diode D1, and the IGBT module is in parallel connection with a high-frequency capacitor C. The optical coupling detection based Buck convertor soft-switching control method is used for Buck convertor soft-switching control.

Description

Buck converter soft switch control method based on optocoupler detection
Technical field
The present invention relates to the Buck converter soft switch control method based on optocoupler detection, belong to DC converter technology neck Domain.
Background technology
DC converter is widely used in the fields such as Switching Power Supply, generation of electricity by new energy, microgrid.Straight using hard switching technology Current converter has the shortcomings that devices switch loss is big, system effectiveness is low, switching frequency is not high, occurs in that Sofe Switch control for this Technology, such as resonant type soft-switch, ZVS-PWM, ZCS-PWM, ZVT, ZCT etc., these soft switch techniques need to increase auxiliary circuit, make Obtain system complex.
In Buck changer during discontinuous current mode, inductance and IGBT parasitic capacitance will produce resonance, make brachium pontis midpoint Current potential lifting, triggering IGBT conducting in the case of discontinuous current will realize zero current turning-on, and reduce IGBT turning-on voltage, realize Sofe Switch controls.However, discontinuous current work makes the increase of changer ripple current, percentage of circuit utilization relatively low, if inductance can be made Current work, in critical state, while being possible to realize Sofe Switch, at utmost improves the utilization rate of changer.
To judge whether current value is reduced to zero using the method for detection inductive current in conventional art, this zero-crossing examination Method is easily disturbed, and current sensor is introduced into time delay, the lifting of impact system switching frequency simultaneously.
Content of the invention
The invention aims to the soft-switching process solving existing DC converter needs to increase auxiliary circuit, can cause A kind of problem of system complex, there is provided Buck converter soft switch control method based on optocoupler detection.
Buck converter soft switch control method based on optocoupler detection of the present invention, this control method adopts optocoupler to examine Slowdown monitoring circuit detection obtains the voltage at Buck changer brachium pontis midpoint, is obtained continuous in Buck changer by the voltage at this brachium pontis midpoint The on off operating mode of stream diode, and then obtain the zero current turning-on signal of IGBT module, further according to described zero current turning-on signal Realize the Sofe Switch to Buck changer to control;This IGBT module carries diode D1, and IGBT module two ends parallel connection high frequency Electric capacity C.
The structure of Buck changer is:Parallel filtering electric capacity C between two inputs of Buck changer1, IGBT module And sustained diode2Anti-series constitute copped wave brachium pontis, this copped wave brachium pontis and filter capacitor C1Parallel connection, brachium pontis midpoint A is IGBT mould Block and sustained diode2Between junction point, brachium pontis midpoint A connects one end of filter inductance L, and the other end of filter inductance L is even Meet outfan filter capacitor C2, filter capacitor C2Two ends as Buck changer two outfans;
The test side of optocoupler testing circuit connects brachium pontis midpoint A, and the power supply of optocoupler testing circuit is with Buck changer altogether Connect;Optocoupler testing circuit is used for detecting sustained diode2On off operating mode.
Optocoupler testing circuit is made up of high-speed photoelectric coupler OC and its peripheral circuit, peripheral circuit include+15V power supply, Current-limiting resistance R1, high-voltage fast recovery D3, output pull-up resistor R2With+5V power supply, wherein+15V power supply and Buck changer Altogether ,+5V power supply and Buck changer are isolated;
Between the input of optocoupler testing circuit and test side, current-limiting resistance R1, high-speed photoelectric coupler OC and high pressure Fast recovery diode D3It is sequentially connected in series, high-voltage fast recovery D3Negative electrode be connected to brachium pontis midpoint A;Optocoupler testing circuit Optocoupler output signal is uA, this optocoupler output signal uAFor obtaining the zero current turning-on moment of IGBT module.
The described concrete grammar realizing the Sofe Switch control to Buck changer includes:The optocoupler output being obtained according to detection Signal uARising edge time, judge sustained diode2Afterflow terminates, and the inductive current of filter inductance L is reduced to zero, now triggers IGBT module turns on, and makes Buck changer be operated in critical current pattern.
The described concrete grammar realizing the Sofe Switch control to Buck changer also includes:Filter inductance is obtained by detection The current value of L, the current value of this filter inductance L is compared in real time with given threshold, when the current value of filter inductance L reaches setting Turn off IGBT module during threshold value, make the current average of filter inductance L be controlled to the half of given threshold, so that Buck conversion The current value of the filter inductance L of device always works in the critical continuous mode state of zero and maximum current.
The switching signal of IGBT module is modulated by sequence circuit and is obtained:
Given threshold is made to be current peak setting value Imax, the current value of filter inductance L is expressed as iL, current peak is set Definite value ImaxAnd iLRelatively produce control signal uc, detect control signal ucRising edge, triggering rest-set flip-flop reset, obtain low electricity Flat IGBT module control signal ug, now control signal ugCut-off signals for IGBT module;
Detect optocoupler output signal u simultaneouslyARising edge, trigger rest-set flip-flop set, obtain high level IGBT module Control signal ug, now control signal ugOpen signal for IGBT module.
Advantages of the present invention:The inventive method passes through the fast recovery two of input one high pressure of series connection in optocoupler testing circuit It is connected to the brachium pontis midpoint of Buck changer after pole pipe, to detect the working condition of fly-wheel diode, thus obtaining the zero of IGBT Electric current opens the moment, turns off in conjunction with peak point current and controls, makes Buck changer be operated in critical current pattern, realizes Buck and becomes The Sofe Switch of parallel operation controls.This invention has realizes circuit simply, and detection signal is difficult the advantages of be disturbed.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the master based on Buck changer in the Buck converter soft switch control method of optocoupler detection of the present invention Circuit topology figure;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of optocoupler testing circuit and Buck changer;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the switching signal that sequence circuit modulation obtains IGBT module;
Fig. 4 is working waveform figure under continuous current mode for the Buck changer;
Fig. 5 is working waveform figure under discontinuous conduct mode for the Buck changer;
Fig. 6 is working waveform figure under electric current critical conduction mode for the Buck changer.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment one:With reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, present embodiment is described, described in present embodiment, is based on optocoupler The Buck converter soft switch control method of detection, this control method adopts optocoupler testing circuit 1 detection to obtain Buck changer The voltage at brachium pontis midpoint, obtains the on off operating mode of fly-wheel diode in Buck changer by the voltage at this brachium pontis midpoint, and then Obtain the zero current turning-on signal of IGBT module 2, realize the soft of Buck changer is opened further according to described zero current turning-on signal Close and control;This IGBT module 2 carries diode D1, and IGBT module 2 two ends parallel connection high frequency capacitance C.
Present embodiment medium-high frequency electric capacity C is low capacity high frequency capacitance.
Specific embodiment two:With reference to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, present embodiment is described, present embodiment is to embodiment one It is described further, the structure of Buck changer is:Parallel filtering electric capacity C between two inputs of Buck changer1, IGBT Module 2 and sustained diode2Anti-series constitute copped wave brachium pontis, this copped wave brachium pontis and filter capacitor C1Parallel connection, brachium pontis midpoint A is IGBT module 2 and sustained diode2Between junction point, brachium pontis midpoint A connect filter inductance L one end, filter inductance L's The other end connects outfan filter capacitor C2, filter capacitor C2Two ends as Buck changer two outfans;
The test side of optocoupler testing circuit 1 connects brachium pontis midpoint A, and the power supply of optocoupler testing circuit 1 is with Buck changer altogether Ground connects;Optocoupler testing circuit 1 is used for detecting sustained diode2On off operating mode.
High frequency capacitance C and filter inductance L constitutes the resonant tank between Buck changer input and outfan.
Specific embodiment three:With reference to Fig. 2, present embodiment is described, present embodiment is made into one to embodiment two Step explanation, optocoupler testing circuit 1 is made up of high-speed photoelectric coupler OC and its peripheral circuit, peripheral circuit include+15V power supply, Current-limiting resistance R1, high-voltage fast recovery D3, output pull-up resistor R2With+5V power supply, wherein+15V power supply and Buck changer Altogether ,+5V power supply and Buck changer are isolated;
Between the input of optocoupler testing circuit 1 and test side, current-limiting resistance R1, high-speed photoelectric coupler OC and high pressure Fast recovery diode D3It is sequentially connected in series, high-voltage fast recovery D3Negative electrode be connected to brachium pontis midpoint A;Optocoupler testing circuit 1 Optocoupler output signal is uA, this optocoupler output signal uAFor obtaining the zero current turning-on moment of IGBT module 2.
Present embodiment mesohigh fast recovery diode D3For preventing optocoupler input diode reverse breakdown.
Specific embodiment four:With reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, present embodiment is described, present embodiment is to embodiment three It is described further, the described concrete grammar realizing the Sofe Switch control to Buck changer includes:The light being obtained according to detection Coupling output signal uARising edge time, judge sustained diode2Afterflow terminates, and the inductive current of filter inductance L is reduced to zero, this When triggering IGBT module 2 turn on, make Buck changer be operated in critical current pattern.
Specific embodiment five:With reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, present embodiment is described, present embodiment is to embodiment four It is described further, the described concrete grammar realizing the Sofe Switch control to Buck changer also includes:Filter is obtained by detection The current value of ripple inductance L, the current value of this filter inductance L is compared in real time with given threshold, when the current value of filter inductance L reaches Turn off IGBT module 2 to during given threshold, make the current average of filter inductance L be controlled to the half of given threshold, so that The current value of the filter inductance L of Buck changer always works in the critical continuous mode state of zero and maximum current.
Present embodiment is compared with given threshold to the current value of filter inductance L using current limit comparator, right Filter inductance L electric current carries out amplitude limit control, turns off IGBT when inductive current reaches and sets amplitude, in conjunction with being embodied as four Control method, make inductive current meansigma methodss control the half in magnitude current.
Specific embodiment six:With reference to Fig. 1 to Fig. 6, present embodiment is described, present embodiment is to embodiment five It is described further, the switching signal of IGBT module 2 is modulated by sequence circuit and obtained:
Given threshold is made to be current peak setting value Imax, the current value of filter inductance L is expressed as iL, current peak is set Definite value ImaxAnd iLRelatively produce control signal uc, detect control signal ucRising edge, triggering rest-set flip-flop reset, obtain low electricity Flat IGBT module 2 control signal ug, now control signal ugCut-off signals for IGBT module 2;
Detect optocoupler output signal u simultaneouslyARising edge, trigger rest-set flip-flop set, obtain high level IGBT module 2 Control signal ug, now control signal ugOpen signal for IGBT module 2.
In present embodiment, the switching signal of IGBT module 2 is defeated by optocoupler output signal rising edge and current limit comparator Go out signal rising edge to obtain through sequence circuit modulation, optocoupler output signal rising edge is opened the moment for IGBT, current limit ratio Turn off the moment compared with device output signal rising edge for IGBT.Control signal ugGate electrode drive signals for IGBT.
The inventive method is a kind of DC converting technology, and it detects Buck changer fly-wheel diode by high speed photo coupling On off operating mode obtains the condition of zero current turning-on, and the Sofe Switch realizing Buck changer controls.
Illustrate in conjunction with Fig. 2, when the sustained diode of brachium pontis under Buck changer2When being operated in freewheeling state, brachium pontis Midpoint A exports low level;When IGBT module 2 turns on or during discontinuous current, the sustained diode of brachium pontis under Buck changer2Close Disconnected, brachium pontis midpoint potential is elevated, and optocoupler input light emitting diode ends, and optocoupler exports high level.That is, working as inductance During electric current is gradually lowered to zero, lower brachium pontis fly-wheel diode is switched to end by afterflow conducting, and optocoupler output signal is by low electricity Put down and be changed into high level, therefore, can determine whether the moment of discontinuous current mode by detecting the rising edge of optocoupler output signal, obtain IGBT zero current turning-on condition.Meanwhile, comparing in real time by inductive current detected value and given threshold, when inductive current reaches Turn off IGBT during given threshold, make the inductive current of Buck changer always work in the critical continuous mode shape of zero and maximum current State.
By the modulation of sequence circuit shown in Fig. 3, the IGBT chopping switch in Buck changer is made to reach in inductive current After peak I max turn off, open-minded when being reduced to zero, make inductive current be in critical continuous mode state all the time it is ensured that IGBT zero electricity Stream is open-minded, reduces the turn-on consumption of IGBT.
U in Fig. 4AGFor brachium pontis midpoint voltage-to-ground, as shown in figure 4, under continuous current mode, IGBT is in hard switching shape State, switching loss is big.
In conjunction with shown in Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, during discontinuous current, filter inductance L and high frequency capacitance C will produce resonance, lead to By detecting brachium pontis midpoint potential, the electrical oscillation of brachium pontis midpoint A, therefore can judge whether inductive current is interrupted.Using this Inventive method detects the current potential of brachium pontis midpoint A, and when inductive current drops to zero, namely inductance L and electric capacity C resonance and causes When A point current potential rises, optocoupler output signal uAIt is high level by low transition.If in uAEach rising edge triggering IGBT lead Logical, inductive current will be made to be operated in critical state, it is to avoid voltage resonance, ensure the zero current turning-on of IGBT simultaneously.
Fig. 6 show work wave under electric current critical conduction mode for the Buck changer.Brachium pontis is detected by the inventive method The current potential of midpoint A, inductive current passes through diode D2During afterflow, optocoupler exports uAFor low level signal.When A point current potential rises Show that inductive current drops to zero, sustained diode2Cut-off, optocoupler exports uAIt is changed into high level, now provide IGBT and open letter Number, inductive current will be gradually increased, optocoupler output signal u during IGBT conductingAKeep high level.When inductive current gradually rises To maximum set value ImaxWhen, turn off IGBT, make inductive current pass through diode D2 afterflow, inductive current is gradually reduced again.Circulation Process above is it is ensured that inductive current always works in 0 and ImaxBetween critical continuous mode state, obtain Imax/ 2 average electricity Stream.
For ensureing that inductive current is operated in critical state, inductance value carries out value as the following formula:
In formula, U1For the input voltage of Buck changer, U2Output voltage for Buck changer;fsFor switching frequency.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of Buck converter soft switch control method based on optocoupler detection, this control method adopts optocoupler testing circuit (1) detection obtains the voltage at Buck changer brachium pontis midpoint, obtains afterflow in Buck changer by the voltage at this brachium pontis midpoint The on off operating mode of diode, and then obtain the zero current turning-on signal of IGBT module (2), further according to described zero current turning-on signal Realize the Sofe Switch to Buck changer to control;This IGBT module (2) carries diode D1, and IGBT module (2) two ends are simultaneously Connection high frequency capacitance C;
It is characterized in that, the structure of Buck changer is:Parallel filtering electric capacity C between two inputs of Buck changer1, IGBT module (2) and sustained diode2Anti-series constitute copped wave brachium pontis, this copped wave brachium pontis and filter capacitor C1Parallel connection, in brachium pontis Point A is IGBT module (2) and sustained diode2Between junction point, brachium pontis midpoint A connect filter inductance L one end, filtering The other end of inductance L connects outfan filter capacitor C2, filter capacitor C2Two ends as Buck changer two outfans;
The test side of optocoupler testing circuit (1) connects brachium pontis midpoint A, and the power supply of optocoupler testing circuit (1) is with Buck changer altogether Ground connects;Optocoupler testing circuit (1) is used for detecting sustained diode2On off operating mode.
2. the Buck converter soft switch control method based on optocoupler detection according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that light Coupling testing circuit (1) is made up of high-speed photoelectric coupler OC and its peripheral circuit, and peripheral circuit includes+15V power supply, current-limiting resistance R1, high-voltage fast recovery D3, output pull-up resistor R2With+5V power supply, wherein+15V power supply with Buck changer altogether ,+5V Power supply is isolated with Buck changer;
Between the input of optocoupler testing circuit (1) and test side, current-limiting resistance R1, high-speed photoelectric coupler OC and high pressure fast Recovery diode D3It is sequentially connected in series, high-voltage fast recovery D3Negative electrode be connected to brachium pontis midpoint A;Optocoupler testing circuit (1) Optocoupler output signal is uA, this optocoupler output signal uAFor obtaining the zero current turning-on moment of IGBT module (2).
3. the Buck converter soft switch control method based on optocoupler detection according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that institute The concrete grammar stating the Sofe Switch control to Buck changer for the realization includes:Optocoupler output signal u being obtained according to detectionAUpper Rise along the moment, judge sustained diode2Afterflow terminates, and the inductive current of filter inductance L is reduced to zero, now triggers IGBT module (2) turn on, make Buck changer be operated in critical current pattern.
4. the Buck converter soft switch control method based on optocoupler detection according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that institute The concrete grammar stating the Sofe Switch control to Buck changer for the realization also includes:Obtain the current value of filter inductance L by detection, The current value of this filter inductance L is compared in real time with given threshold, turns off when the current value of filter inductance L reaches given threshold IGBT module (2), makes the current average of filter inductance L be controlled to the half of given threshold, so that the filter of Buck changer The current value of ripple inductance L always works in the critical continuous mode state of zero and maximum current.
5. the Buck converter soft switch control method based on optocoupler detection according to claim 4 it is characterised in that
The switching signal of IGBT module (2) is modulated by sequence circuit and is obtained:
Given threshold is made to be current peak setting value Imax, the current value of filter inductance L is expressed as iL, by current peak setting value ImaxAnd iLRelatively produce control signal uc, detect control signal ucRising edge, triggering rest-set flip-flop reset, obtain low level IGBT module (2) control signal ug, now control signal ugCut-off signals for IGBT module (2);
Detect optocoupler output signal u simultaneouslyARising edge, trigger rest-set flip-flop set, obtain high level IGBT module (2) control Signal u processedg, now control signal ugOpen signal for IGBT module (2).
CN201510030580.3A 2015-01-21 2015-01-21 Optical coupling detection based Buck convertor soft-switching control method Active CN104506038B (en)

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CN106612072A (en) * 2015-10-22 2017-05-03 中兴通讯股份有限公司 A switching power supply control circuit based on a BUCK topology and a solar energy controller
US9667157B1 (en) 2016-04-27 2017-05-30 General Electric Company System and method for operating a power converter
CN109617429B (en) * 2019-02-26 2020-04-10 晶艺半导体有限公司 Voltage conversion integrated circuit, high-voltage BUCK converter and control method
CN112130049B (en) * 2020-09-15 2021-09-03 昆明理工大学 Soft switch detection circuit of power switch device and switching loss dynamic optimization method

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