CN104502808B - The long-term charging test method of direct current, system and electrode loading method, device - Google Patents
The long-term charging test method of direct current, system and electrode loading method, device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104502808B CN104502808B CN201410667281.6A CN201410667281A CN104502808B CN 104502808 B CN104502808 B CN 104502808B CN 201410667281 A CN201410667281 A CN 201410667281A CN 104502808 B CN104502808 B CN 104502808B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of long-term charging test methods of direct current, system and electrode loading method, device, under DC condition, there is presently no relevant criterions for the durability of epoxies electrical insulating material, corresponding test method and appraisement system, therefore, the specific approach of neither one is evaluated to the electric life of electrical insulating material at a dc voltage, the present invention is a kind of long-term charging test of direct current and electric life evaluation method suitable for epoxies electrical insulating material, method defines material sample size, on-load voltage, load time, intermediate parameters measurement method, extrapolated curve is drawn, judging service life foundation etc., important evidence is provided for electrical insulating material durability at a dc voltage and electric life evaluation, to provide technical support for the evaluation of power equipment bulk life time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electrode load sides for the long-term charging test method of epoxies electrical insulating material direct current
Method and device, and the long-term charging test method of direct current and pilot system using the loading method, device.
Background technology
Durability of the electrical insulating material under AC power frequency voltage constrains it (IEC TS there are one general rule
61251-2008), especially epoxies electrical insulating material (such as fibre enhancement epoxy material, epoxy casting material, APG injections
Epoxy material etc.), some typical test methods (such as thermal aging experiment) are formd according to this general rule, but under DC condition,
The durability of epoxies electrical insulating material is therefore, right there is presently no relevant criterion, corresponding test method and appraisement system
The electric life of electrical insulating material at a dc voltage evaluates the specific approach of neither one.
Compared with ac transmission, high voltage direct current over long distances (>Have ability to transmit electricity strong in 600km) transmitting electricity, line loss
Small, both sides exchange is without synchronous operation, the advantages that breakdown loss is small, is following defeated especially suitable for long range large capacity power transmission
The emphasis of electric line construction.But there is electric field one way stable, epoxies insulating materials surface to generate charge under DC condition
Build-up effect makes have very big difference under its insulation and Flashover Characteristics and AC conditions, thus caused surface breakdown or electric discharge thing
Therefore it is even more serious than under AC conditions, the reliability of DC transmission system is directly influenced, or even shorten equipment entirety electric life.
Therefore, electric life of epoxies electrical insulating material under the conditions of DC voltage is predicted, is set to which selection meets electric power
The electrical insulating material in standby service life is highly important.
Differ both at home and abroad to the electric life evaluation method of epoxies electrical insulating material, more mature is that domestic Xi'an is handed over
Logical university is according to IEC TS 61251-2008,90 DEG C of progress, the epoxies electrical insulating material thermal aging examination of 3kV/mm
It tests, Japanese Toshiba uses a kind of special sample, has invented a kind of pure electrical ageing test, and the two is the material electricity to specific time
Time logarithmic curve drafting, extrapolation are tested and carried out to gas intensity (inside), using specific electrical strength (inside) value as sentencing
The epoxies electrical insulating material electric life evaluation evaluated, but be all only limitted under AC conditions according to electric life, for straight
The long-term charging test of epoxies electrical insulating material and electric life determination method under the conditions of stream then have not been reported.
Therefore, the present invention is based on the defects of the prior art develops the epoxy under DC condition in conjunction with the experience of ac test
The long-term charging test method of class electrical insulating material.
Invention content
The object of the present invention is to provide the long-term charging test method of direct current, system and electrode loading method, device, to
Solve the defect of the prior art.
To achieve the above object, the solution of the present invention includes：
A kind of electrode loading method, two electrodes of contact placement, two electrodes are in the same of material sample on material sample
Felt pad is arranged in side, the material sample other side.
Two electrode is columnar electrode, the intimate surface contact of end face and material sample；Two electrodes are tried from material
The contact face of sample is gradually opposite upwards to be tilted.
The felt pad is bakelite.
Each electrode is 45 ° with plane included angle where material sample.
One electrode adds negative voltage, another electrode ground connection.
The material sample is discoid, and electrode is cylindric, and electrode end surface is ellipse.
A kind of electrode loading device includes for two electrodes with the same side contacts setting of material sample to be tested, material
The sample other side is for being arranged felt pad.
Two electrode is columnar electrode, the intimate surface contact of end face and material sample；Two electrodes are tried from material
The contact face of sample is gradually opposite upwards to be tilted.
The long-term charging test method of direct current, to installing electrode on material sample, by material be placed in certain temperature, pressure it is exhausted
In edge media environment, load DC voltage carries out the long-term charging test of electrical insulating material direct current；At the time point of setting, will try
Sample takes out, and carries out DC electrical strength test；Test period, the electrical strength of several material samples are fitted, according to choosing
The critical electrical strength taken, seeks the electric life of material sample.
The long-term charging test system of direct current, including gas system, temperature control system, direct current charge room and voltage-drop loading system for a long time
System；The direct current charges in room the specimen holder being equipped with for mounting material sample for a long time, and specimen holder is loaded equipped with multiple motors
Device, electrode loading device include for two electrodes with the same side contacts setting of material sample to be tested, and material sample is another
Side is for being arranged felt pad.
Different from mode (the GB GB/T 1408.1-2006) that exchange is loaded up and down using two circular electrodes, innovation makes
The mode loaded with two electrode surfaces is easy to generate the severe of surface charge accumulation with epoxies electrical insulating material under DC condition
It is consistent to carve environment；Lower section is insulated and is grounded using bakelite, and safety is increased；It is oval inclined-plane to change electrode shape, uses 45
The distance between the mode for spending scarf joint, be not only bonded with specimen surface closely, but also substantially zoomed out two electrodes, it is convenient for wiring；It adopts
With a termination negative electrode, the mode of one end grounding electrode is tested, because more harsh to the examination of material under negative DC voltage.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is typical long-term charging test system construction drawing；
Fig. 2 is electrode load mode schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is Fig. 2 vertical views；
Fig. 4 is type curve fitting figure；
Fig. 5 is typically to ask matched curve and critical electrical strength curve example.
Specific implementation mode
The present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Be as shown in Figure 1 typical long-term charging test system, including gas system (gas cylinder, valve, flow controller,
Aspiration pump and air gauge), main function be gas supply, barometric surveying, gas recycling and processing (such as dielectric be insulating oil,
Then directly into electrification room)；Temperature control system (heating system and thermometer), main function are the temperature for maintaining electrification room；Direct current
Long-term electrification room (specimen holder, baking oven, sample, load electrode, electrode connection etc.) is the core apparatus of long-term charging test；Voltage
Loading system (high-voltage dc stabilization pressuring power, D.C. voltmeter, divider resistance, insulator etc.), main function is to provide stable
High direct voltage.
Fundamental test process is as follows：
To installing electrode on material sample, material is placed in the dielectric environment of certain temperature, pressure (i.e. above-mentioned straight
The long-term electrification room of stream), load DC voltage carries out the long-term charging test of electrical insulating material direct current；It, will at the time point of setting
Sample takes out, and carries out DC electrical strength test；Test period, the electrical strength of several material samples are fitted, according to
The critical electrical strength chosen, seeks the electric life of material sample.
Specifically at the trial, multiple material samples can be tested simultaneously.The shape of material sample is disk or disk
Shape can be chosen for epoxies electrical insulating material.
When carrying out long-term charging test and when carrying out DC electrical strength test, it is all made of such as under type, such as Fig. 2, Fig. 3
It is shown：
Two electrodes are placed in contact on material sample, and two electrodes are in the same side of material sample, the material sample other side
Felt pad is set.This is different from mode (GB GB/T 1408.1-2006) that exchange is loaded up and down using two circular electrodes, innovation
Two electrode surface of use load mode, with epoxies electrical insulating material under DC condition be easy to generate surface charge accumulation
Harsh environment it is consistent.
Specifically, two electrodes are columnar electrode, the intimate surface contact of end face and material sample；Two electrodes from material
The contact face of sample is gradually opposite upwards to be tilted.Not only it had been bonded closely, but also had substantially been zoomed out between two electrodes with specimen surface
Distance.
Specifically, electrode is cylindric, electrode end surface is ellipse.Bakelite may be used in felt pad.Each electrode and material
Plane included angle where expecting sample is 45 °.
One electrode adds negative voltage, another electrode ground connection.Be in this way because under negative DC voltage to the examination of material compared with
For harshness.
A specific example is given below.
(1) experiment prepares：
1. sample requires：Φ 50 × 3 (mm), disc, 39.
2. test temperature：The temperature environment that the glass transition temperature of material subtracts 15 DEG C, such as the glass transition temperature of material
Degree is 105 DEG C, and test temperature is 90 DEG C.
3. surrounding media：The environment for the power equipment operation that epoxies electrical insulating material is applied, such as oily transformer make
It is insulating oil, high-tension switch gear epoxy casting insulator insulating materials, experiment surrounding media is 0.4MPa SF6.
4. DC power supply：DC voltage generator is chosen according to electrical insulating material electrical strength (surface), it is general to choose
Test voltage is related with electrical insulating material initial electric intensity (surface).
Electrical insulation strength (surface) VS0＜ 20kV/mm, Selection experiment voltage UT=0.8kV/mm；
Electrical insulation strength (surface) 20kV/mm≤VS0＜ 30kV/mm, Selection experiment voltage UT=0.9kV/mm；
Electrical insulation strength (surface) VS0 >=30kV/mm, Selection experiment voltage UT=1kV/mm.
Under DC condition, the initial electric intensity (surface) of electrical insulating material is 31.43kV/mm, then chooses experiment
Voltage is 1kV/mm, due to generally setting two electrode spacings as 40mm, uses the generator (electric current that can generate 40kV DC voltages
Very little).
5. electrode shape and load mode：Such as above-mentioned, Fig. 2, Fig. 3.
6. experimental rig is built：Long-term charging test system by taking 90 DEG C, 0.4MPa SF6 epoxy insulation materials as an example is such as
Fig. 1.
(2) process is tested：
With 90 DEG C, 0.4MPa SF6, epoxy insulation material initial electric intensity (surface) VS0=31.43kV/mm, experiment electricity
Press UTLong-term charging test for=1kV/mm is as follows：
1. charging test：Two oval inclined-plane electrode spacings are set on every sample as 40mm, on-load voltage 40kV, 2 pieces ellipse
One load negative voltage of circle inclined-plane electrode, a ground connection, all sample negative voltage load electrodes are in parallel, and grounding electrode is in parallel.
2. print extracts：Respectively voltage-drop loading 1min, 2min, 5min, 10min, 20min, 50min, 100min,
Respectively sample 3 when 200min, 500min, 1000min, 2000min, 5000min, 10000min, number be respectively 1-1,1-2,
1-3、2-1、2-2、2-3、5-1、5-2、5-3、10-1、10-2、10-3、20-1、20-2、20-3、50-1、50-2、50-3、100-
1、100-2、100-3、200-1、200-2、200-3、500-1、500-2、500-3、1000-1、1000-2、1000-3、2000-
1,2000-2,2000-3,5000-1,5000-2,5000-3,10000-1,10000-2,10000-3, voltage-drop loading is extremely
10000min stops.
3. electrical strength (surface) measures：DC electrical intensity (surface) is carried out to 39 samples of taking-up to test, test
23 ± 2 DEG C of temperature carries out, rate of pressure rise 500V/s in 0.4MPa SF6 gases, electrode shape and the same Fig. 1 of load mode, electricity
Interpolar is tested 3 samples of each time point, is averaged away from 8mm, obtains data 13.Electrode load is above-mentioned such as Fig. 2.
(3) experimental data processing and electric life evaluation：
1. data are mapped：13 DC electrical intensity (surface) data points of gained map to time logarithm, and carry out straight
Line is fitted, and typical fit line is shown in Fig. 4.
2. Data Extrapolation：Gained fit line is extrapolated, until with a certain specific DC electrical intensity (surface) (with
For 6.75kV/mm) evaluation reference line intersection, read extrapolation line and specific DC electrical intensity (surface) value reference line
Intersection point time value, the as electric life of epoxies electrical insulating material at a dc voltage.Typical figure is shown in Fig. 5.
Wherein, 6.75kV/mm closes on value for electrical strength, i.e., in the electrical strength hereinafter, material can fail.This example
In, critical value Vmin=6.75kV/mm.DC electrical intensity (surface) criterion value calculating method of evaluation reference line, i.e., it is critical
The acquisition modes of value are as follows：
Vmin=β Ec+ α
Ec --- the insulator manufactured by epoxies electrical insulating material obtained by Simulation Analysis is set in electric power
Maximum surface field intensity values under standby operating status；
α --- with the calculated voltage correction value of ± 200kV direct current power equipment, mainly by epoxies electrical insulating material
Power equipment voltage class U where manufactured insulatorUIt determines, under normal circumstances α=(UU-200)/200。
β --- coefficient, by the life test to various equipment, can determine to be 1.54 for this example.
Such as ± 200kV direct-current high-voltage switchs equipment epoxy casting insulator, it is 4.36kV/ to measure surface maximum field strength
Mm, voltage correction value α be 0, calculate DC electrical intensity (surface) criterion value Vmin be 6.75kV/mm, curve extrapolation is extremely
Intersect with criterion value 6.75kV/mm within 33.75, i.e., under DC condition, the electric life of the epoxies electrical insulating material is 33.75
Year.
In the present invention, inventor passes through research, creative discovery：The value of closing on of electrical strength establishes linear close with Ec
System, can accurately describe the property of electrical strength critical value, this has very big difference with ac test before.
Specific embodiment is presented above, but the present invention is not limited to described embodiment.The base of the present invention
This thinking is above-mentioned basic scheme, and for those of ordinary skill in the art, various changes are designed in introduction according to the present invention
The model of shape, formula, parameter do not need to spend creative work.It is right without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention
The change, modification, replacement and modification that embodiment carries out are still fallen in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. the long-term charging test method of direct current, which is characterized in that installing electrode on material sample, material is placed in a constant temperature
It spends, in the dielectric environment of pressure, load DC voltage carries out the long-term charging test of electrical insulating material direct current；In setting
Time point takes out sample, carries out DC electrical strength test；One electrode adds negative voltage, another electrode ground connection, to several
Test period, the electrical strength of material sample are fitted, and according to the critical electrical strength of selection, seek the electric longevity of material sample
Life；Critical DC electrical intensity Vmin=β Ec+ α；Ec --- it is exhausted manufactured by the insulating materials obtained by Simulation Analysis
Maximum surface field intensity values of edge under power equipment operating status；α --- to set the calculating of voltage levels direct current power equipment
The voltage correction value gone out；β --- the coefficient obtained by the life test of equipment；Two electrodes are placed in contact on material sample,
Two electrodes are in the same side of material sample, and felt pad is arranged in the material sample other side；Two electrode is columnar electrode, electrode
End face is ellipse；Two electrodes from the contact face of material sample upwards gradually it is opposite inclination.
2. the long-term charging test system of direct current, including gas system, temperature control system, direct current charge room and voltage-drop loading system for a long time
System；It is characterized in that, the direct current charges in room the specimen holder being equipped with for mounting material sample for a long time, specimen holder is equipped with more
A motor loading device, electrode loading device include for two electrodes with the same side contacts setting of material sample to be tested, material
The material sample other side is for being arranged felt pad；One electrode adds negative voltage, another electrode ground connection, critical DC electrical intensity
Vmin=β Ec+ α；Ec --- the insulator manufactured by insulating materials obtained by Simulation Analysis is run in power equipment
Maximum surface field intensity values under state；α --- to set the calculated voltage correction value of voltage levels direct current power equipment；
β --- the coefficient obtained by the life test of equipment；Two electrodes are placed in contact on material sample, and two electrodes are in material examination
Felt pad is arranged in the same side of sample, the material sample other side；Two electrode is columnar electrode, and electrode end surface is ellipse；Two
A electrode from the contact face of material sample upwards gradually it is opposite inclination.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410667281.6A CN104502808B (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2014-11-20 | The long-term charging test method of direct current, system and electrode loading method, device |
| CN201810772457.2A CN109188115A (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2014-11-20 | A kind of electrode loading method and device |
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| CN201410667281.6A CN104502808B (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2014-11-20 | The long-term charging test method of direct current, system and electrode loading method, device |
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| CN201810772457.2A Pending CN109188115A (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2014-11-20 | A kind of electrode loading method and device |
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| CN106546883B (en) * | 2016-09-29 | 2019-03-01 | 重庆大学 | A kind of Multi-example solid insulation AC/DC electric life test macro |
| JP2020041804A (en) * | 2018-09-06 | 2020-03-19 | 東芝三菱電機産業システム株式会社 | Insulation life test method and insulation test body |
| CN116359676A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-06-30 | 中车永济电机有限公司 | Insulating material performance evaluation method for motor |
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| CN1034091A (en) * | 1988-02-10 | 1989-07-19 | 木星玩具公司 | The generation of high charge density and control |
| US8263499B2 (en) * | 2008-03-31 | 2012-09-11 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Plasma processing method and computer readable storage medium |
| JP5221403B2 (en) * | 2009-01-26 | 2013-06-26 | 東京エレクトロン株式会社 | Plasma etching method, plasma etching apparatus and storage medium |
| US9298323B2 (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2016-03-29 | Tpk Touch Solutions Inc. | Sensing electrode structure and touch panel employing the same |
| CN104133162B (en) * | 2013-08-19 | 2017-03-22 | 国家电网公司 | Test research device used for electrical performance research on mixed gas of high-voltage electrical equipment |
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| 绝缘材料电气强度测试系统中的PC机与单片机串行通信;陈铭;《工业控制计算机》;20140131;第27卷(第1期);第85-86页 * |
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| CN109188115A (en) | 2019-01-11 |
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