CN104502392A - Two-phase fluid loop freezing failure test method - Google Patents
Two-phase fluid loop freezing failure test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104502392A CN104502392A CN201410720800.0A CN201410720800A CN104502392A CN 104502392 A CN104502392 A CN 104502392A CN 201410720800 A CN201410720800 A CN 201410720800A CN 104502392 A CN104502392 A CN 104502392A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-phase fluid loop freezing failure test method. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the failure state of a two-phase fluid loop can be tested under a working medium condensation temperature exceeding environment, and the influence of freezing on the heat transfer performance of the two-phase fluid loop is analyzed. The method comprises the following steps: designing a set of test device, controlling the working temperature of the two-phase fluid loop by controlling the temperature of a simulated heat source and a heat dissipation plate, designing a test method, and testing the freezing failure performance of the two-phase fluid loop. According to the arrangement of a temperature sensor, the state of an ammonia medium in the two-phase fluid loop is observed, whether each part in the two-phase fluid loop meets the temperature requirement is checked, and whether the two-phase fluid loop is balanced can be checked.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to spacecraft Evolution of Thermal Control Technique field, particularly relate to a kind of two-phase fluid loop and freeze failure test method.
Background technology
Two-phase fluid circuit technology is the spacecraft Evolution of Thermal Control Technique that recent two decades is given priority to both at home and abroad, mainly comprises loop circuit heat pipe technology, driven by mechanical pump two-phase fluid circuit technology, segregation drive two-phase fluid circuit technology etc.Segregation drive two-phase fluid circuit system solves rover and lander in goddess in the moon's moon exploration program to spend the gordian technique at moonlit night, by two-phase fluid circuit system, the heat of isotope heat source is brought in load cabin, ensures that the temperature of each equipment in load cabin is unlikely to too low.The system composition in segregation drive two-phase fluid loop as shown in Figure 1, comprise evaporator 1 (comprising silk screen evaporator 7, liquid cyclone 8 and steam junction station 9), vapor line 2, condenser pipe 3, reservoir 4, liquid line 6 and operation valve 5, wherein, condenser pipe 3 is positioned at above reservoir 4 gravity field, the below being coupled with isotope heat source that evaporator 1 is positioned at reservoir 4 gravity field is installed, in reservoir 4 bottom liquid level and evaporator 1 between to form gravity supplementary height poor; Reservoir 4 is connected to evaporator 1 entrance by liquid line 6, and liquid line 6 is provided with operation valve 5, and evaporator 1 exports and is connected to reservoir 4 by vapor line 2, condenser pipe 3 successively, forms the pipe system closed.For guaranteeing that segregation drive two-phase fluid loop has good heat transfer characteristic in-50 DEG C ~ 70 DEG C temperature ranges, select ammonia as actuating medium.During moonlit night, segregation drive two-phase fluid circuit controls valve 5 is opened, and starts segregation drive two-phase fluid loop, the heat of Isotopes thermal source is introduced detector inner.During the daytime moon, segregation drive two-phase fluid circuit controls valve 5 cuts out, and closes segregation drive two-phase fluid loop, blocks Isotopes thermal source to detector internal delivery thermal source.
The operating mode of freezing in two-phase fluid loop is fault condition, in order to prevent breaking down at moonscape segregation drive two-phase fluid loop heat transfer scarce capacity or instrument, need to test two-phase fluid loop operating mode of freezing at low temperatures, failure mechanism and failure consequence are freezed in checking two-phase fluid loop.
Due to the Novel hot control method that segregation drive two-phase fluid circuit technology is spacecraft heat control, there is no fixing test mode and method of testing.Meanwhile, consider moon rugged environment, need to test the heat-transfer capability freezed failure procedure and thaw after freezing in segregation drive two-phase fluid loop, thus instruct the application in-orbit in segregation drive two-phase fluid loop.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the invention provides a kind of two-phase fluid loop and freeze failure test method, can test exceeding the failure state under working fluid condenses temperature environment two-phase fluid loop, and analyze the impact freezed two-phase fluid loop heat transfer performance.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved in that
Step 1, design experiment device:
Described test unit comprises heat sink, temp controlling heater, multilayer insulation assembly, temperature sensor, simulation thermal source and loop frame; Wherein, heat sink is by the heat insulation top being arranged on loop frame of heat insulating mattress; The condenser pipe in two-phase fluid loop is embedded in heat sink, and the reservoir in two-phase fluid loop is partly embedded in heat sink; The heat insulation bottom being arranged on loop frame of evaporator in two-phase fluid loop; Temp controlling heater is arranged on the steam pipework in two-phase fluid loop, reservoir, operation valve and liquid line; Temperature sensor is arranged on the evaporator in two-phase fluid loop, steam pipework, condenser pipe, reservoir, operation valve and liquid line, simulation thermal source and heat sink fringe region; Multilayer insulation assembly is wrapped on steam pipework, reservoir, operation valve and liquid line; Simulation thermal source is RHU isotope electric analogy thermal source, is fixedly mounted in evaporator; Be installed as the heat sink well heater that heat sink provides working temperature, described heat sink well heater is the infrared heater being arranged on heat sink outer space or the heating plate be pasted onto on heat sink;
Step 2, puts into vacuum storehouse, vacuumizes by loop frame, make vacuum tightness be less than 2 × 10
-3pa, the temp controlling heater arranged on reservoir, operation valve, liquid line and vapor line is automatic control state, and automatically controlled door is limited to-70 DEG C; The automatically controlled door arranging heat sink well heater is limited to-70 DEG C;
Step 3, to the heat sink logical liquid nitrogen in vacuum storehouse, reduces vacuum storehouse temperature to-150 DEG C; The temperature of reservoir is down to-60 DEG C, and reaches two-phase fluid loop operating mode balance; Described operating mode balance to remain unchanged or monotone variation is less than 1 DEG C/h in half an hour for reservoir temperature; The temperature of reservoir is the working temperature in two-phase fluid loop;
Step 4, limit heat-transfer capability is tested:
Open simulation thermal source, increase the heating power of simulation thermal source according to certain step-length, while the heating power at every turn increasing simulation thermal source, reduce the heating power of heat sink well heater, make the temperature of reservoir maintain T
1,-60 DEG C≤T
1≤-70 DEG C, and reach two-phase fluid loop operating mode balance, until the heating power of heat sink well heater is zero or causes maintaining operating mode balance because of the sudden temperature rise of evaporator, when the heating power of heat sink well heater is zero or the heating power of the simulation thermal source in the sudden temperature rise of evaporator last balance moment be T
1the limit heat-transfer capability in two-phase fluid loop under working temperature;
Step 5, freeze:
Close heat sink well heater and simulation heat source heater, wait for that the temperature of each measuring point drops to less than-90 DEG C, and maintain a period of time, two-phase fluid loop is fully freezed;
Step 6, thaw:
First open and increase heat sink heating power, the temperature of condenser pipe is made to be increased to more than working medium solidifying point, then open reservoir, liquid line, valve, steam pipework temp controlling heater and simulation thermal source, make reservoir, liquid line, valve, steam pipework, evaporator evenly be warming up to more than working medium solidifying point;
Step 7, maintaining reservoir temperature is T
1, according to step 4 method obtain thaw after two-phase fluid loop at T
1limit heat-transfer capability during working temperature, and the limit heat-transfer capability under the same working temperature obtained with step 3 compares, if heat-transfer capability deviation is less than 10%, illustrating freezes to lose efficacy thaw after do not affect the heat transfer property in two-phase fluid loop; If heat-transfer capability deviation is greater than 10%, illustrate that freezing inefficacy course of defrosting has certain infringement to quarter-phase circuit.
Wherein, in step 3, measure the limit heat-transfer capability in the two-phase fluid loop of multiple low-temperature working temperature, the limit heat-transfer capability in two-phase fluid loop when measuring corresponding low-temperature working temperature in step 7, calculate the limit heat-transfer capability deviation in two-phase fluid loop under same working temperature before and after freezing, wherein, low-temperature working temperature is-60 DEG C ~-70 DEG C.
In the temperature-fall period of described step 3, open simulation thermal source, two-phase fluid loop is run, accelerate the rate of temperature fall of evaporator.
The substrate of described heat sink is aluminium sheet or cellular board, and the surface mount of heat sink has the coating of OSR sheet or spraying high emissivity.
The installation site of described temperature sensor is:
4 fins of evaporator arrange at least 2 temperature sensors respectively along short transverse, and one of them is positioned at the lower end of evaporator fin, a upper end being positioned at evaporator fin;
1 temperature sensor is arranged in the import of vapor line, top and exit respectively;
Import, the outlet of condenser pipe arrange 1 temperature sensor respectively, and the fin of condenser pipe is arranged at least 1 temperature sensor;
The outside surface of reservoir arranges 3 temperature sensors along short transverse, lays respectively at the headroom of reservoir, liquid-gas interface and fluid space;
The liquid line connecting reservoir and operation valve arranges at least 1 temperature sensor, the liquid line of connection control valve and evaporator arranges at least 1 temperature sensor;
Operation valve arranges 1 temperature sensor;
Simulation thermal source arranges at least 1 temperature sensor;
The fringe region of the inside surface of heat sink arranges at least 1 temperature sensor.
Described temp controlling heater is heating plate, heater strip, heating tape or heating plate.
Described evaporator is arranged on thermal insulation board, and simulation thermal source is placed on the inside of evaporator, and the auricle of simulation thermal source frock is fixed on thermal insulation board by screw and heat insulating mattress, and described thermal insulation board is fixedly mounted on loop frame by 4 heat insulation posts.
Described thermal insulation board, heat insulating mattress and heat insulation column material are fiberglass or polyimide.
Beneficial effect:
(1) adopt the present invention can to test the failure state that two-phase fluid freezes under operating mode, and the heat transfer property in the two-phase fluid loop after thawing is analyzed, evaluate the impact freezed two-phase fluid loop.
(2) because condenser pipe is different with evaporator rate of temperature fall, the heating power strengthening simulation thermal source in temperature-fall period can make the temperature increase of evaporator, the heat of evaporator is passed to condenser pipe by the ammonia working medium in two-phase fluid loop, can improve the rate of temperature fall of evaporator.
(3) substrate of heat sink elects aluminium sheet or cellular board as, in its surface mount OSR sheet or the coating spraying high emissivity, is conducive to the rate of heat dissipation improving heat sink.
(4) temperature sensor be furnished with the state being beneficial to and observing ammonia working medium in two-phase fluid loop, the freezing process of each parts in two-phase fluid loop can be checked, and whether the temperature of each parts under can checking non-freezing operating mode in two-phase fluid loop meets the demands, and whether two-phase fluid loop reaches balance.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is segregation drive two-phase fluid circuit system composition schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is two-phase fluid loop Vacuum Heat performance test apparatus schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is the scheme of installation of two-phase fluid loop evaporator.
Fig. 4 is the layout schematic diagram of the temperature sensor on two-phase fluid loop.
Fig. 5 is the layout schematic diagram of the upper temperature sensor of heat sink (comprising condenser pipe).
Wherein, 1-evaporator, 2-steam pipework, 3-condenser pipe, 4-reservoir, 5-operation valve, 6-liquid line, 7-silk screen evaporator, 8-liquid cyclone, 9-steam convergence device, 10-vacuum storehouse, 11-heat sink, 12-thermal insulation board, 13-heat insulating mattress, the heat insulation post of 14-, 15-simulates thermal source, 16-infrared heater, 17-loop frame.
Embodiment
To develop simultaneously embodiment below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the present invention.
The invention provides a kind of two-phase fluid loop and freeze failure test method, the method carries out experimental test based on test unit as shown in Figure 2, and described test unit comprises heat sink 11, temp controlling heater, multilayer insulation assembly, temperature sensor, simulation thermal source 15 and loop frame 17.
Wherein, two-phase fluid loop and heat sink 11 is heat insulation is arranged on loop frame 17, the heat sink 11 heat insulation top being arranged on loop frame 17 of heat insulating mattress, for simulating two-phase fluid loop radiator portion in-orbit; The condenser pipe 3 in two-phase fluid loop is embedded in heat sink 11, and the reservoir 4 half in two-phase fluid loop is embedded in heat sink 11, is positioned at the exit of condenser pipe 3; The heat insulation bottom being arranged on loop frame 17 of evaporator 1 in two-phase fluid loop, is positioned at the below of condenser pipe 3; Temp controlling heater is arranged on the steam pipework 2 in two-phase fluid loop, reservoir 4, operation valve 5 and liquid line 6, prevents pipeline from freezing; Temperature sensor is arranged on the evaporator 1 in two-phase fluid loop, steam pipework 2, condenser pipe 3, reservoir 4, operation valve 5 and liquid line 6, and on heat sink 11, for measuring the temperature of each parts in two-phase fluid loop and heat sink, detect the ruuning situation in two-phase fluid loop; Multilayer insulation assembly is arranged on steam pipework 2, reservoir 4, operation valve 5 and liquid line 6, is used for preventing pipeline portions environment from leaking heat, simulates operating mode in-orbit; Simulation thermal source 15 adopts RHU isotope electric analogy thermal source, is fixedly mounted in evaporator 1, is used for simulating isotope heater element, and simulation thermal source 15 is also the temp controlling heater of evaporator 1 simultaneously; Loop frame 17 is placed in vacuum storehouse 10, and vacuum storehouse 10 provides temperature to be not more than 80K, and vacuum tightness is less than 2 × 10
-3the vacuum environment of pa.
Wherein, the substrate of heat sink can adopt the good material of the heat conductivility such as aluminium sheet or cellular board to make, and its outside surface is pasted with OSR sheet, or the coating of spraying high emissivity, thus is conducive to heat radiation.
Evaporator 1, simulation thermal source 15 and loop frame 17 between heat insulation mode as shown in Figure 3, evaporator 1 is arranged on thermal insulation board 12, simulation thermal source 15 is placed on the inside of evaporator 1, the auricle of simulation thermal source 15 frock is fixed on thermal insulation board 12 by screw and heat insulating mattress 13, and described thermal insulation board 12 is fixedly mounted on loop frame 17 by 4 heat insulation posts 14.Wherein, thermal insulation board 12, heat insulating mattress 13 and heat insulation post 14 material are the material that the temperature conductivity such as polyimide or fiberglass is low.Distance between liquid cyclone 8 lower surface and thermal insulation board 12 upper surface is greater than 10mm, and the effective heat insulation distance between thermal insulation board 12 and loop frame 17 is greater than 100mm, and the external diameter of heat insulating mattress 13 is less than 10mm.
Temperature sensor is thermocouple temperature sensor, and it is arranged as shown in Figure 4.34 temperature sensors are arranged in two-phase fluid loop:
1. on 4 fins of evaporator 1,3 temperature sensors are evenly arranged from the bottom to top respectively along short transverse, totally 12, code T 1 ~ T12, also can only in the lower end of evaporator fin and upper end placement sensor, be mainly used for the temperature measuring liquid refrigerant and gaseous state work in evaporator, thus the duty of reactive evaporation device 1.
2. arrange 1 temperature sensor respectively in the import of vapor line 2, top and exit, numbering is respectively T13, T14 and T15.
3. on the import of condenser pipe 3, outlet and condenser pipe, 9 temperature sensors are arranged, code T 16 ~ T24, as shown in Figure 5; Condenser pipe 3 is generally provided with fin, and for increasing heat radiation area, temperature sensor is generally arranged on fin.
4. arrange 3 temperature sensors along short transverse, code T 25 ~ T27 at the outside surface of reservoir 4, be respectively used to the temperature measuring gas, liquid-gas interface and liquid in reservoir 4.
5. liquid line 6 is divided into two sections, one section of connection reservoir 3 and operation valve 5, another section of connection control valve 5 and evaporator 1.Wherein, 1 temperature sensor is arranged, code T 28 in the midpoint of the liquid line connecting reservoir 3 and operation valve 5; Arrange 1 temperature sensor respectively in the inlet and outlet of the liquid line of connection control valve 5 and evaporator 1, numbering is respectively T31 and T32, also can arrange 1 temperature sensor in the midpoint of the liquid line of connection control valve 5 and evaporator 1.
6. temperature sensor is arranged on the control valve 5.If operation valve 5 is made up of two parallel valves (a valve and b valve), then on a valve and b valve, arrange 1 temperature sensor respectively, numbering is respectively T29 and T30;
7. on simulation thermal source, arrange 2 temperature sensors, be numbered T33 and T34;
8. arrange 4 temperature sensors at the fringe region of the inside surface of heat sink 11, be numbered T35 and T38,4 temperature sensors distance heat sink edge 100mm, as shown in Figure 5.
Temperature sensor position is point position.
Temp controlling heater 12 can be heating plate, heater strip, heating tape, heating plate or other type of heating, adopts the mode of PID control or break-make temperature control, mainly prevents each parts in two-phase fluid loop frozen.Wherein, the temp controlling heater on reservoir 4 adopts 2 heating plates that are installed in series on reservoir 4 to realize; Temp controlling heater on operation valve 5 adopts installs heating tape on the liquid line of operation valve 5 connection, (pipeline between measuring point 28 and measuring point 29, pipeline between measuring point 29 and measuring point 31, pipeline between measuring point 28 and measuring point 30, pipeline between side point 30 and measuring point 31) as shown in Figure 2 installs 1 heating tape respectively, 4 heating tape series connection, every section of pipeline is about 50mm; Temp controlling heater on liquid line 6 adopts to be installed 1 heating tape between the measuring point 31 on liquid line 6 and measuring point 32 and realizes; The heating tape that temp controlling heater on vapor line 2 adopts 3 to be installed in series realizes.
Temp controlling heater on reservoir 4, operation valve 5, liquid line 6 and vapor line 2 mainly plays a part to prevent pipeline from freezing.
The temperature of evaporator 1 controls to rely on the simulation thermal source 15 installed therein to realize.Due in diabatic process, the heat of isotope heat source is taken away by two-phase fluid circuit transmission, and the temperature of isotope heat source its own face can be reduced to consistent with the temperature of evaporator.
Condenser pipe 2 is embedded in heat sink 11, basically identical with the temperature of heat sink 11, and the temperature of heat sink 11 controls to rely on the infrared heater 16 be arranged on outside heat sink 11 or the heating plate realization be pasted onto on heat sink.
Wherein, the temperature controlling heat sink 11 is-60 DEG C ~ 50 DEG C.Due to the heat transfer process of ammonia working medium in the operational process of two-phase fluid loop, the temperature of evaporator 1, steam pipework 2, condenser pipe 3, reservoir 4, operation valve 5 and liquid line 6 is substantially within the scope of-55 DEG C ~ 50 DEG C.Wherein, the temperature of reservoir 4 is the working temperature in two-phase fluid loop.
Select measuring point T1 (evaporator 1 bottom, outlet near liquid line 6), T3 (evaporator 1 top, import near vapor line 2), T14 (in the middle part of vapor line 2), T17 (condenser pipe 3 import), T23 (condenser pipe 3 exports), T25 (reservoir 4 top, i.e. reservoir headroom), T27 (reservoir bottom), T29 ~ T30 (operation valve a and operation valve b), T31 (liquid line 6 import), T35 ~ T38 (4 angles of heat sink 11) is temperature monitoring point, monitoring simulation thermal source 15, heat sink 11 and two-phase fluid loop whether satisfied temperature requirement, simultaneously, by the temperature of C.T. monitoring point and other measuring points, judge whether to reach balance.
Utilize above-mentioned test unit to carry out two-phase fluid loop and freeze failure test, check that the freezing process under operating mode is being freezed in two-phase fluid loop, and the limit heat transfer property in two-phase fluid loop after thawing, evaluate the impact freezed two-phase fluid loop.Wherein, the working temperature in two-phase fluid loop is the temperature of reservoir 4, in test process, rely on the temperature of the temperature change reservoir 4 changing evaporator 1 and heat sink 11, reservoir 4, operation valve 5, temp controlling heater thawing only for parts each in two-phase fluid loop on liquid line 6 and vapor line 2, because the working medium in two-phase fluid loop is ammonia, its set point is-77 DEG C, for the impact of operating mode on two-phase fluid loop heat transfer performance is freezed in test, first the limit heat-transfer capability of two-phase fluid loop under worst cold case (-60 DEG C ~-70 DEG C) is tested, then the temperature in two-phase fluid loop is reduced to less than-77 DEG C, make it to freeze, observe the freezing process in two-phase fluid loop, then two-phase fluid loop is thawed, and measure two-phase fluid loop thaw after limit heat-transfer capability under worst cold case, and compare with the limit heat-transfer capability freezed under front same working temperature, check the impact freezed two-phase fluid loop heat transfer ability, specific implementation step is as follows:
Step 1, puts into vacuum storehouse 10 by loop frame 17, vacuumizes that (vacuum tightness is less than 2 × 10
-3pa), the temp controlling heater arranged on reservoir 4, operation valve 5, liquid line 6 and vapor line 2 is automatic control state, and automatically controlled door is limited to-70 DEG C, and namely when temperature is less than automatically controlled door in limited time, temp controlling heater is opened automatically.The automatically controlled door arranging heat sink well heater is limited to-70 DEG C.
Step 2, to the heat sink logical liquid nitrogen in vacuum storehouse, reduce vacuum storehouse temperature to-150 DEG C, due to the steam pipework 2 in two-phase fluid loop, reservoir 4, operation valve 5 and liquid line 6 are wrapped up by multilayer insulation assembly, its rate of temperature fall is slow, the rate of temperature fall of heat sink is the fastest, for improving the rate of temperature fall of each parts in two-phase fluid loop, in temperature-fall period, open simulation thermal source 15, two-phase fluid loop is run, evaporator is driven by the condenser pipe in heat sink, reservoir is lowered the temperature, accelerate the rate of temperature fall of evaporator, until the temperature of reservoir is down to-60 DEG C, when reservoir temperature is when half an hour remains unchanged or monotone variation is less than 1 DEG C/h, think that operating mode balances.The temperature of reservoir is the working temperature in two-phase fluid loop.
Step 3, limit heat-transfer capability is tested: the temperature maintaining reservoir is-60 DEG C, the heating power (namely simulating the heating power of thermal source) of evaporator is increased according to certain step-length, the heating power of heat sink well heater is synchronously reduced while the heating power of each increase simulation thermal source, the temperature of reservoir is made to maintain-60 DEG C and two-phase fluid loop operating mode balance, until the heating power of heat sink well heater is zero or balances because the sudden temperature rise of evaporator causes maintaining operating mode.When heat sink heating power is 0, heat sink reaches the maximum heat-sinking capability under this working temperature, and the continuation lifting of evaporator heating power can make the temperature of reservoir raise, and can not continue to maintain-60 DEG C.When the heating power of evaporator is greater than two-phase fluid loop limit heat-transfer capability, the liquid in evaporator is dryouied, and causes the sudden temperature rise of evaporator.Therefore, when the heating power of heat sink well heater is zero or the heating power of evaporator in the sudden temperature rise of evaporator last balance moment be the limit heat-transfer capability in two-phase fluid loop under this working temperature.
Step 4, by reduce evaporator power, increase the power of heat sink simultaneously, the temperature changing reservoir is-70 DEG C, according to the method for step 3, obtains the limit heat-transfer capability in two-phase fluid loop under-70 DEG C of working temperatures.
Step 5, freeze:
Close heat sink well heater and simulation heat source heater, wait for that the temperature of each measuring point drops to less than-90 DEG C, and maintain more than 2 hours, two-phase fluid loop is fully freezed.Known by observing each measuring point temperature, the order of freezing of each parts in two-phase fluid loop is: condenser pipe → reservoir → liquid line import → reservoir outlet → valve → evaporator (because the ammonia working medium in vapor line is gaseous state, can not freeze).Because each parts rate of heat dispation is different, the sequencing that each parts freeze to terminate is: condenser pipe → liquid line import → reservoir → reservoir outlet → valve → evaporator.
Step 6, thaw:
Due to solid working medium spot heating become liquid time, can cause expanding to heating liquid, pressure raises, pipe breakage or explosion can be caused, because the working medium in condenser pipe flows in reservoir, in it, working medium is less, therefore first condenser pipe is thawed, increase heat sink heating power, make condenser pipe temperature be increased to more than working medium solidifying point, by the control temperature of temp controlling heater, reservoir, liquid line, valve are thawed, the power thawed controls, require that each parts uniformity heats up, to working medium solidifying point, end of thawing.
Step 7, repeat step 3 and step 4, the limit heat-transfer capability of test two-phase fluid loop under-60 DEG C and-70 DEG C of working temperatures, and compare with the limit heat-transfer capability under step 3 and step 4 relevant work temperature, if heat-transfer capability deviation is less than 10%, illustrating freezes to lose efficacy thaw after do not affect the heat transfer property in two-phase fluid loop.If heat-transfer capability deviation is greater than 10%, illustrate that freezing inefficacy course of defrosting has certain infringement to quarter-phase circuit.
In sum, these are only preferred embodiment of the present invention, be not intended to limit protection scope of the present invention.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a failure test method is freezed in two-phase fluid loop, it is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
Step 1, design experiment device:
Described test unit comprises heat sink (11), temp controlling heater, multilayer insulation assembly, temperature sensor, simulation thermal source (15) and loop frame (17); Wherein, heat sink (11) is by the heat insulation top being arranged on loop frame (17) of heat insulating mattress; The condenser pipe (3) in two-phase fluid loop is embedded in heat sink (11), and the reservoir (4) in two-phase fluid loop is partly embedded in heat sink (11); The heat insulation bottom being arranged on loop frame (17) of evaporator (1) in two-phase fluid loop; Temp controlling heater is arranged on the steam pipework (2) in two-phase fluid loop, reservoir (4), operation valve (5) and liquid line (6); Temperature sensor is arranged on the evaporator (1) in two-phase fluid loop, steam pipework (2), condenser pipe (3), reservoir (4), operation valve (5) and liquid line (6), simulation thermal source (15) and heat sink (11) fringe region; Multilayer insulation assembly is wrapped on steam pipework (2), reservoir (4), operation valve (5) and liquid line (6); Simulation thermal source (15) is RHU isotope electric analogy thermal source, is fixedly mounted in evaporator (1); Be installed as the heat sink well heater that heat sink (11) provides working temperature, described heat sink well heater is the infrared heater (16) being arranged on heat sink outer space or the heating plate be pasted onto on heat sink;
Step 2, puts into vacuum storehouse (10) by loop frame (17), vacuumizes, make vacuum tightness be less than 2 × 10
-3pa, the temp controlling heater arranged on reservoir (4), operation valve (5), liquid line (6) and vapor line (2) is automatic control state, and automatically controlled door is limited to-70 DEG C; The automatically controlled door arranging heat sink well heater is limited to-70 DEG C;
Step 3, to the heat sink logical liquid nitrogen of vacuum storehouse (10), reduces vacuum storehouse temperature to-150 DEG C; The temperature of reservoir is down to-60 DEG C, and reaches two-phase fluid loop operating mode balance; Described operating mode balance to remain unchanged or monotone variation is less than 1 DEG C/h in half an hour for reservoir temperature; The temperature of reservoir is the working temperature in two-phase fluid loop;
Step 4, limit heat-transfer capability is tested:
Open simulation thermal source, increase the heating power of simulation thermal source according to certain step-length, while the heating power at every turn increasing simulation thermal source, reduce the heating power of heat sink well heater, make the temperature of reservoir maintain T
1,-60 DEG C≤T
1≤-70 DEG C, and reach two-phase fluid loop operating mode balance, until the heating power of heat sink well heater is zero or causes maintaining operating mode balance because of the sudden temperature rise of evaporator, when the heating power of heat sink well heater is zero or the heating power of the simulation thermal source in the sudden temperature rise of evaporator last balance moment be T
1the limit heat-transfer capability in two-phase fluid loop under working temperature;
Step 5, freeze:
Close heat sink well heater and simulation heat source heater, wait for that the temperature of each measuring point drops to less than-90 DEG C, and maintain a period of time, two-phase fluid loop is fully freezed;
Step 6, thaw:
First open and increase heat sink heating power, the temperature of condenser pipe is made to be increased to more than working medium solidifying point, then open reservoir, liquid line, valve, steam pipework temp controlling heater and simulation thermal source, make reservoir, liquid line, valve, steam pipework, evaporator evenly be warming up to more than working medium solidifying point;
Step 7, maintaining reservoir temperature is T
1, according to step 4 method obtain thaw after two-phase fluid loop at T
1limit heat-transfer capability during working temperature, and the limit heat-transfer capability under the same working temperature obtained with step 3 compares, if heat-transfer capability deviation is less than 10%, illustrating freezes to lose efficacy thaw after do not affect the heat transfer property in two-phase fluid loop; If heat-transfer capability deviation is greater than 10%, illustrate that freezing inefficacy course of defrosting has certain infringement to quarter-phase circuit.
2. failure test method is freezed in two-phase fluid loop as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, in step 3, measure the limit heat-transfer capability in the two-phase fluid loop of multiple low-temperature working temperature, the limit heat-transfer capability in two-phase fluid loop when measuring corresponding low-temperature working temperature in step 7, calculate the limit heat-transfer capability deviation in two-phase fluid loop under same working temperature before and after freezing, wherein, low-temperature working temperature is-60 DEG C ~-70 DEG C.
3. failure test method is freezed in two-phase fluid loop as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, in the temperature-fall period of described step 3, open simulation thermal source (15), two-phase fluid loop is run, accelerates the rate of temperature fall of evaporator (1).
4. failure test method is freezed in two-phase fluid loop as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the substrate of described heat sink (11) is aluminium sheet or cellular board, and the surface mount of heat sink (11) has the coating of OSR sheet or spraying high emissivity.
5. failure test method is freezed in two-phase fluid loop as claimed in claim 1, and it is characterized in that, the installation site of described temperature sensor (14) is:
4 fins of evaporator (1) arrange at least 2 temperature sensors respectively along short transverse, and one of them is positioned at the lower end of evaporator fin, a upper end being positioned at evaporator fin;
1 temperature sensor is arranged in the import of vapor line (2), top and exit respectively;
Import, the outlet of condenser pipe (3) arrange 1 temperature sensor respectively, and the fin of condenser pipe (3) is arranged at least 1 temperature sensor;
The outside surface of reservoir (4) arranges 3 temperature sensors along short transverse, lays respectively at the headroom of reservoir (4), liquid-gas interface and fluid space;
The liquid line connecting reservoir (3) and operation valve (5) arranges at least 1 temperature sensor, the liquid line of connection control valve (5) and evaporator (1) arranges at least 1 temperature sensor;
Upper layout 1 temperature sensor of operation valve (5);
Simulation thermal source (15) is upper arranges at least 1 temperature sensor;
The fringe region of the inside surface of heat sink (11) arranges at least 1 temperature sensor.
6. failure test method is freezed in two-phase fluid loop as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described temp controlling heater (12) is heating plate, heater strip, heating tape or heating plate.
7. failure test method is freezed in two-phase fluid loop as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described evaporator (1) is arranged on thermal insulation board (12), simulation thermal source (15) is placed on the inside of evaporator (1), the auricle of simulation thermal source (15) frock is fixed on thermal insulation board (12) by screw and heat insulating mattress (13), and described thermal insulation board (12) is fixedly mounted on loop frame (17) by 4 heat insulation posts (14).
8. failure test method is freezed in two-phase fluid loop as claimed in claim 7, and it is characterized in that, described thermal insulation board (12), heat insulating mattress (13) and heat insulation post (14) material are fiberglass or polyimide.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410720800.0A CN104502392B (en) | 2014-12-02 | 2014-12-02 | Failure test method is freezed in a kind of two-phase fluid loop |
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| WO2016086504A1 (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2016-06-09 | 北京空间飞行器总体设计部 | Vacuum thermal performance test device for two-phase fluid loop, and method |
| CN109552675A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-04-02 | 北京航天长征飞行器研究所 | Multiple orbital attitudes background radiation Dynamic Simulation Method and device |
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| CN104502392B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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