CN104502062A - Experimental device for simulation of water flows in different curve angles - Google Patents

Experimental device for simulation of water flows in different curve angles Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104502062A
CN104502062A CN201410845003.5A CN201410845003A CN104502062A CN 104502062 A CN104502062 A CN 104502062A CN 201410845003 A CN201410845003 A CN 201410845003A CN 104502062 A CN104502062 A CN 104502062A
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water
tank
water inlet
simulating
bending angles
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王�华
许婷
夏琨
周宜一
吴孟桉
羊瑞
孙思宇
张志章
王晓
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Hohai University HHU
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Hohai University HHU
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Abstract

本发明涉及水利试验技术领域,特别是利用矩形水槽模拟弯曲河道在不同弯曲角度、不同水动力条件下的水流特征及污染物迁移特征的方法和装置。用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置包括进水设备,实验台,可弯曲渠道,出水设备,颜色水箱;在实验台上分别设置进水设备与出水设备,进水设备与出水设备之间通过可弯曲渠道相连;进水设备或出水设备可模拟水量的大小,形成可调节的水动力条件,再根据可弯曲渠道模拟河道水流水质,所述的进水设备或出水设备上设有颜色水箱,利用颜色水箱添加示踪剂跟踪污染物。本发明提供的用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置进水水槽与出水水槽以可弯曲渠道连接,可实现弯曲角度的改变,从而模拟不同弯曲角度的河道。

The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy experiments, in particular to a method and a device for simulating the water flow characteristics and pollutant migration characteristics of a curved river course under different bending angles and different hydrodynamic conditions by using a rectangular water tank. The experimental device used to simulate water flow at different bending angles includes water inlet equipment, test bench, bendable channels, water outlet equipment, and color water tanks; The bendable channel is connected; the water inlet device or the water outlet device can simulate the size of the water volume to form an adjustable hydrodynamic condition, and then simulate the water quality of the river according to the bendable channel. The water inlet device or the water outlet device is provided with a color water tank, Use the color tank to add tracers to track pollutants. The water inlet tank and the water outlet tank of the experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles provided by the present invention are connected by bendable channels, which can change the bending angle, thereby simulating river channels with different bending angles.

Description

一种用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置An experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles

技术领域 technical field

   本发明涉及水利试验技术领域,特别是利用矩形水槽模拟弯曲河道在不同弯曲角度、不同水动力条件下的水流特征及污染物迁移特征的方法和装置。 The present invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy experiments, in particular to a method and device for simulating the water flow characteristics and pollutant migration characteristics of a curved river course under different bending angles and different hydrodynamic conditions by using a rectangular water tank.

背景技术 Background technique

河流多为弯曲河道,污染物在弯曲后的扩散过程随弯曲角度不同而有所差异。不同弯曲角度河道对水质扩散有较大影响。现有的河道模拟装置多为直道,或者是固定弯曲角度的模拟装置,缺乏对任意弯曲河道的研究装置,不能模拟不同弯曲角度水流水质扩散情况。 Most rivers are curved channels, and the diffusion process of pollutants after bending varies with the bending angle. Channels with different bending angles have a greater impact on water quality diffusion. Most of the existing river channel simulation devices are straight channels or fixed bending angle simulation devices. There is a lack of research devices for arbitrarily curved river channels, which cannot simulate the diffusion of water flow and water quality at different bending angles.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

发明目的:本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足,提供一种用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,该装置可模拟弯曲河道不同来水水流水质条件下污染物迁移扩散情况。 Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies of the prior art and provide an experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles, which can simulate the migration and diffusion of pollutants under different water quality conditions for curved river channels.

本发明采用如下技术方案: The present invention adopts following technical scheme:

本发明所述的一种用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,包括进水设备,实验台,可弯曲渠道,出水设备,颜色水箱;在实验台上分别设置进水设备与出水设备,进水设备与出水设备之间通过可弯曲渠道相连;进水设备或出水设备可模拟水量的大小,形成可调节的水动力条件,再根据可弯曲渠道模拟河道水流水质,所述的进水设备或出水设备上设有颜色水箱,利用颜色水箱添加示踪剂跟踪污染物。 An experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles according to the present invention includes water inlet equipment, a test bench, a bendable channel, water outlet equipment, and a color water tank; The water equipment and the water outlet equipment are connected through a bendable channel; the water inlet equipment or the water outlet equipment can simulate the size of the water volume to form an adjustable hydrodynamic condition, and then simulate the water quality of the river channel according to the bendable channel. The water inlet equipment or The water outlet equipment is equipped with a color water tank, which is used to add tracers to track pollutants.

本发明所述的一种用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,所述的进水设备包括进水箱、溢流水箱、进水水槽;进水箱内设有溢流水箱;进水箱与进水水槽相联通;进水水槽与可弯曲渠道的一端相连。 An experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles according to the present invention, the water inlet equipment includes a water inlet tank, an overflow water tank, and a water inlet tank; the water inlet tank is provided with an overflow water tank; the water inlet tank It is connected with the water inlet tank; the water inlet tank is connected with one end of the bendable channel.

本发明所述的一种用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,所述的出水设备包括出水水槽、接水箱、储水箱;所述的出水水槽的一端与可弯曲渠道连接,出水水槽的另一端与接水箱相连,接水箱与储水箱相连。 An experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles according to the present invention, the water outlet equipment includes a water outlet tank, a water receiving tank, and a water storage tank; one end of the water outlet tank is connected to a bendable channel, and the other end of the water outlet tank One end is connected with the water receiving tank, and the water receiving tank is connected with the water storage tank.

本发明所述的一种用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,所述的实验台成圆环形,实验台上设有弧形凹槽,弧形凹槽内设有滑轮;出水水槽布置在滑轮上,出水水槽随滑轮移动。 An experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles according to the present invention, the test bench is in the form of a circular ring, the test bench is provided with an arc-shaped groove, and a pulley is arranged in the arc-shaped groove; the outlet water tank is arranged On pulleys, the outlet flume moves with the pulleys.

本发明所述的一种用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,所述的可弯曲渠道的外壁纵向剖面呈波纹状,可弯曲渠道可弯曲成任意角度并固定;可弯曲渠道的内壁为光滑、可延展、PVC材质的薄板。 An experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles according to the present invention, the longitudinal section of the outer wall of the bendable channel is corrugated, the bendable channel can be bent into any angle and fixed; the inner wall of the bendable channel is smooth , Extensible, PVC material sheet.

本发明所述的一种用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,所述的进水水槽出水口与可弯曲渠道进水端通过环氧树脂AB胶进行密封连接,所述可弯曲渠道出水端与出水水槽进水口通过环氧树脂AB胶进行密封连接。 An experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles according to the present invention, the outlet of the water inlet tank and the water inlet end of the bendable channel are sealed and connected by epoxy resin AB glue, and the water outlet end of the bendable channel It is sealed and connected with the water inlet of the water outlet tank through epoxy resin AB glue.

本发明所述的一种用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,所述进水水槽与出水水槽上部分别设有颜色水箱。 An experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles according to the present invention, the upper parts of the water inlet tank and the water outlet tank are respectively provided with color water tanks.

本发明所述的一种用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,所述的进水水槽内设置有水位及流速测量装置。 An experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles according to the present invention, the water level and flow velocity measuring devices are arranged in the water inlet tank.

本发明所述的一种用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,所述溢流水箱与储水箱相连,进水箱与储水箱之间设有水泵。 An experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles according to the present invention, the overflow water tank is connected with the water storage tank, and a water pump is arranged between the water inlet tank and the water storage tank.

有益效果 Beneficial effect

本发明提供的用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置进水水槽与出水水槽以可弯曲渠道连接,可实现弯曲角度的改变,从而模拟不同弯曲角度的河道。 The water inlet tank and the water outlet tank of the experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles provided by the present invention are connected by a bendable channel, which can change the bending angle, thereby simulating river channels with different bending angles.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1为本发明的总体结构示意图; Fig. 1 is the overall structural representation of the present invention;

图2为本发明可弯曲渠道垂直示意图; Fig. 2 is a vertical schematic diagram of the bendable channel of the present invention;

图3为本发明可弯曲渠道弯曲示意图; Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the bendable channel of the present invention;

图4为本发明所述颜色水箱示意图。 Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the color water tank of the present invention.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

如图1至2所示,一种用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,包括进水箱1、溢流水箱2、进水水槽3、可弯曲渠道4、出水水槽5、接水箱6、储水箱7、水泵8、颜色水箱9、水位及流速测量装置10、实验台11,滑轮12。所述进水箱1内设置插槽,通过插入溢流板,在所述进水箱内设置溢流水箱2,所述进水箱1的底端出水口与所述进水水槽3的进水口通过螺丝及橡胶层进行固定密封连接,所述进水水槽3的出水口与可弯曲渠道4进水端通过环氧树脂AB胶进行固定密封连接,所述可弯曲渠道4的出水端与所述出水水槽5的进水口通过环氧树脂AB胶进行固定密封连接,所述出水水槽5的出水口与所述接水箱6通过螺丝进行固定连接,所述接水箱6通过水管与所述储水箱7连接,所述储水箱7通过水管与水泵8的进水管连接,所述水泵8的出水管通过水管与所述进水箱1的进水口连接,所述溢流水箱2通过水管与所述储水箱7连接,所述储水箱7置于所述实验台11下方,所述进水箱1固定在所述实验台11上,所述出水水槽5底部通过螺丝与所述滑轮12连接,所述滑轮12置于所述实验台11的凹槽内,所述可弯曲渠道4的外壁为不锈钢板材质,所述可弯曲渠道4的内壁为PVC材质,其余部分为有机玻璃材质,不锈钢材质与有机玻璃材质之间以环氧树脂AB胶连接,所述进水水槽3及出水水槽5一壁上设置滑槽,在所述滑槽上安装可移动的颜色水箱9,所述颜色水箱内带有伸缩式颜色水管,以阀门控制出水,所用液体为酚酞与氢氧化钠的混合溶液。所述进水水槽3内设置有旋桨流速仪及水位标尺10。 As shown in Figures 1 to 2, an experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles, including a water inlet tank 1, an overflow water tank 2, a water inlet tank 3, a bendable channel 4, an outlet water tank 5, a water receiving tank 6, Water storage tank 7, water pump 8, color water tank 9, water level and flow velocity measuring device 10, test bench 11, pulley 12. A slot is arranged in the water inlet tank 1, and an overflow water tank 2 is set in the water inlet tank by inserting an overflow plate, and the water outlet at the bottom of the water inlet tank 1 is connected to the inlet of the water inlet tank 3. The water outlet is fixed and sealed connected by screws and rubber layers, the water outlet of the water inlet tank 3 is fixed and sealed with the water inlet end of the bendable channel 4 through epoxy resin AB glue, and the water outlet of the bendable channel 4 is connected with the water inlet end of the bendable channel 4. The water inlet of the water outlet tank 5 is fixedly sealed and connected by epoxy resin AB glue, the water outlet of the water outlet tank 5 is fixedly connected with the water receiving tank 6 by screws, and the water receiving tank 6 is connected to the water storage tank through a water pipe. 7, the water storage tank 7 is connected to the water inlet pipe of the water pump 8 through a water pipe, the water outlet pipe of the water pump 8 is connected to the water inlet of the water inlet tank 1 through a water pipe, and the overflow water tank 2 is connected to the water inlet through a water pipe. The water storage tank 7 is connected, and the water storage tank 7 is placed under the test bench 11, the water inlet tank 1 is fixed on the test bench 11, and the bottom of the water outlet tank 5 is connected with the pulley 12 by screws, so that The pulley 12 is placed in the groove of the test bench 11, the outer wall of the flexible channel 4 is made of stainless steel, the inner wall of the flexible channel 4 is made of PVC, and the rest is made of plexiglass. The plexiglass materials are connected with epoxy resin AB glue, and a chute is arranged on the wall of the water inlet tank 3 and the water outlet trough 5, and a movable color water tank 9 is installed on the chute, and the color water tank is equipped with There are retractable color water pipes, and the water is controlled by valves. The liquid used is a mixed solution of phenolphthalein and sodium hydroxide. The water inlet tank 3 is provided with a propeller flow meter and a water level scale 10 .

其工作过程为:部分水流从储水箱7通过水泵8提升,进入进水箱1,部分水流溢流进入溢流水箱2的水通过水管流回到储水箱7,其余水流经过进水水槽3、可弯曲渠道4、出水水槽5进入接水箱6,再流回到储水箱7,水槽内水流流量大小可通过水泵阀门调节。进水箱1和进水水槽3固定在实验台上,出水水槽5可通过实验台凹槽内的滑轮围绕实验台上的转轴旋转,从而改变弯曲角度,接水箱6随之旋转。进水水槽3上的颜色水箱9内液体为酚酞与氢氧化钠的混合溶液,溶液颜色为红色,颜色水箱带有伸缩式颜色水管,以阀门控制出水,并通过水槽壁上的滑槽移动,从而模拟不同位置排放的污染源;储水箱7内的水经过一段时间使用后,若颜色变化较大,可加入盐酸使溶液恢复无色。 Its working process is as follows: part of the water flow is lifted from the water storage tank 7 by the water pump 8 and enters the water inlet tank 1, part of the water flow overflows into the overflow water tank 2 and flows back to the water storage tank 7 through the water pipe, and the rest of the water flows through the water inlet tank 3, The bendable channel 4 and the water outlet tank 5 enter the water receiving tank 6, and then flow back to the water storage tank 7, and the flow rate of the water in the tank can be adjusted by the water pump valve. The water inlet tank 1 and the water inlet tank 3 are fixed on the test bench, and the water outlet tank 5 can rotate around the rotating shaft on the test bench by the pulley in the test bench groove, thereby changing the bending angle, and the water receiving tank 6 rotates thereupon. The liquid in the color water tank 9 on the water inlet tank 3 is a mixed solution of phenolphthalein and sodium hydroxide. The color of the solution is red. The color water tank has a telescopic color water pipe, and the water is controlled by a valve, and moves through the chute on the tank wall. Thereby simulating the pollution sources discharged from different positions; after the water in the water storage tank 7 has been used for a period of time, if the color changes greatly, hydrochloric acid can be added to restore the colorless solution.

Claims (9)

1.一种用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,其特征在于:包括进水设备,实验台(11),可弯曲渠道(4),出水设备,颜色水箱(9);在实验台(11)上分别设置进水设备与出水设备,进水设备与出水设备之间通过可弯曲渠道(4)相连;进水设备或出水设备可模拟水量的大小,形成可调节的水动力条件,再根据可弯曲渠道(4)模拟河道水流水质,所述的进水设备或出水设备上设有颜色水箱(9),利用颜色水箱(9)添加示踪剂跟踪污染物。 1. An experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles, characterized in that it includes water inlet equipment, a test bench (11), a bendable channel (4), water outlet equipment, and a color water tank (9); on the test bench ( 11) The water inlet equipment and the water outlet equipment are set respectively, and the water inlet equipment and the water outlet equipment are connected through a bendable channel (4); the water inlet equipment or the water outlet equipment can simulate the size of the water volume to form an adjustable hydrodynamic condition, and then According to the bendable channel (4) simulating the water quality of the river course, the water inlet device or the water outlet device is provided with a color water tank (9), and the color water tank (9) is used to add tracers to track pollutants. 2.根据权利要求1所述的用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,其特征在于:所述的进水设备包括进水箱(1)、溢流水箱(2)、进水水槽(3);进水箱(1)内设有溢流水箱(2);进水箱(1)与进水水槽(3)相联通;进水水槽(3)与可弯曲渠道(4)的一端相连。 2. The experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water inlet equipment includes a water inlet tank (1), an overflow water tank (2), a water inlet tank (3 ); the water inlet tank (1) is provided with an overflow water tank (2); the water inlet tank (1) is connected with the water inlet tank (3); the water inlet tank (3) is connected with one end of the bendable channel (4) . 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,其特征在于:所述的出水设备包括出水水槽(5)、接水箱(6)、储水箱(7);所述的出水水槽(5)的一端与可弯曲渠道(4)连接,出水水槽(5)的另一端与接水箱(6)相连,接水箱(6)与储水箱(7)相连。 3. The experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the water outlet equipment includes a water outlet tank (5), a water receiving tank (6), and a water storage tank (7); One end of the water outlet tank (5) is connected to the bendable channel (4), the other end of the water outlet tank (5) is connected to the water receiving tank (6), and the water receiving tank (6) is connected to the water storage tank (7). 4.根据权利要求3所述的用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,其特征在于:所述的实验台(11)成圆环形,实验台(11)上设有弧形凹槽,弧形凹槽内设有滑轮(12);出水水槽(5)布置在滑轮(12)上,出水水槽(5)随滑轮(12)移动。 4. the experimental device for simulating different bending angles of water flow according to claim 3, is characterized in that: described test bench (11) becomes circular ring, is provided with arc groove on the test bench (11), A pulley (12) is arranged in the arc groove; the outlet water tank (5) is arranged on the pulley (12), and the outlet water tank (5) moves with the pulley (12). 5.根据权利要求1所述的用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,其特征在于:所述的可弯曲渠道(4)的外壁纵向剖面呈波纹状,可弯曲渠道(4)可弯曲成任意角度并固定;可弯曲渠道(4)的内壁为光滑、可延展、PVC材质的薄板。 5. The experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the longitudinal section of the outer wall of the bendable channel (4) is corrugated, and the bendable channel (4) can be bent into Any angle is fixed; the inner wall of the bendable channel (4) is a smooth, extensible thin plate made of PVC. 6.根据权利要求2或3所述的用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,其特征在于:所述的进水水槽(3)出水口与可弯曲渠道(4)进水端通过环氧树脂AB胶进行密封连接,所述可弯曲渠道(4)出水端与出水水槽(3)进水口通过环氧树脂AB胶进行密封连接。 6. The experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the outlet of the water inlet tank (3) and the water inlet end of the bendable channel (4) pass through epoxy The resin AB glue is used for sealing connection, and the water outlet of the bendable channel (4) is connected with the water inlet of the water outlet tank (3) through epoxy resin AB glue for sealing connection. 7.根据权利要求2或3所述的用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,其特征在于:所述进水水槽(3)与出水水槽(5)上部分别设有颜色水箱(9)。 7. The experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the upper parts of the water inlet tank (3) and the water outlet tank (5) are respectively provided with color water tanks (9). 8.根据权利要求2所述的用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,其特征在于:所述的进水水槽(3)内设置有水位及流速测量装置(10)。 8. The experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles according to claim 2, characterized in that: a water level and flow velocity measuring device (10) is installed in the water inlet tank (3). 9.根据权利要求2或3所述的用于模拟不同弯曲角度水流的实验装置,其特征在于:所述溢流水箱(2)与储水箱(7)相连,进水箱(1)与储水箱(7)之间设有水泵(8)。 9. The experimental device for simulating water flow at different bending angles according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the overflow water tank (2) is connected to the water storage tank (7), and the water inlet tank (1) is connected to the storage tank (7). A water pump (8) is provided between the water tanks (7).
CN201410845003.5A 2014-12-31 2014-12-31 Experimental device for simulation of water flows in different curve angles Pending CN104502062A (en)

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Application publication date: 20150408