CN104500975B - Fracture controllable natural gas pipeline and ductile fracture control method thereof - Google Patents

Fracture controllable natural gas pipeline and ductile fracture control method thereof Download PDF

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CN104500975B
CN104500975B CN201410643967.1A CN201410643967A CN104500975B CN 104500975 B CN104500975 B CN 104500975B CN 201410643967 A CN201410643967 A CN 201410643967A CN 104500975 B CN104500975 B CN 104500975B
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pipe
probability
crack arrest
natural gas
fracture
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CN104500975A (en
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杨坤
李鹤
霍春勇
吉玲康
李炎华
马秋荣
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China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Tubular Goods Research Institute
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China National Petroleum Corp
CNPC Tubular Goods Research Institute
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Abstract

Disclosed are a fracture controllable natural gas pipeline and a ductile fracture control method thereof. The fracture controllable natural gas pipeline comprises i-1 operating pipes and a fracture stop pipe communicated with the (i-1)th operating pipe. According to the method, probability statistics of permutation and combination is performed to obtain a probability extended over the i-1 operating pipes; according to the probability P＜ni-1＞ extending over the i-1 operating pipes and a probability P＜c＞ wherein the operating pipe higher than a required pipe ductility is unable to be facture-stopped, and probabilities of the operating pipes unable to fracture-stopped are acquired; according to single-pipe fracture stop probability P＜b＞ of a fracture stop pipe and the probabilities of the operating pipes unable to fracture-stopped, a fracture stop probability of the fracture controllable natural gas pipeline is obtained; ductile fracture of the fracture controllable natural gas pipeline is controlled according to the fracture stop probability of the fracture controllable natural gas pipeline. The fracture controllable natural gas pipeline has good safety, and fracture of the fracture controllable natural gas pipeline can be controlled by acquiring the fracture stop probability of the fracture controllable natural gas pipeline and the ductility requirement thereof.

Description

A kind of natural gas line and its ductile fracture control method for being capable of controlled fracturing blasting behavior
Technical field
The invention belongs to transmisson and storage project field, and in particular to a kind of natural gas line for being capable of controlled fracturing blasting behavior and its prolong Property Fracture Control method.
Background technology
Urgently ask as national economy is growing to natural gas, under high pressure, the background of big throughput rate, natural gas transportation Pipeline while intensity rank is improved, the also more and more higher of the requirement to toughness, along with the Service Environment of pipe line steel is disliked very much It is bad, so as to improve the probability for cracking, therefore higher challenge and requirement is proposed to pipe line steel safe operation.Existing Under TMCP techniques, generally by the way of refined crystalline strengthening the toughness of pipe line steel is improved.And existing pipe line steel have passed through it is ultra-fine Change the process of crystal grain, the effect that continuation improves toughness using crystal grain thinning is limited.In addition alloying elements are added such as Nickel, copper, molybdenum etc., can lift the toughness of material, but the addition of alloying element will necessarily cause the rising of material cost, while butt welding Connect technique and it is also proposed higher requirement.Therefore it is a large amount of using high intensity, high tenacity steel pipe as natural gas line operation Pipe has the shortcomings that high cost, less economical, welding difficulty are big.
Conventional method can improve the mean value of steel pipe toughness, increase higher by changing material composition, improving production technology The ratio of toughness steel pipe, the single tube crack arrest probability for improving steel pipe, so as to reach the safe purpose for ensureing pipeline performance.But it is this Method will also improve the toughness of steel pipe while steel strength is ensured, need the steel pipe for using a large amount of high tenacity, relatively costly, Economy is poor.In addition, this method be by toughness be higher than setting when the complete crack arrest of steel pipe single tube hypothesis premised on, And the crack arrest probability of pipeline will actually be less than desired value, therefore there is certain risk and hidden danger.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of natural gas line for being capable of controlled fracturing blasting behavior and its ductile fracture control Method, the natural gas line has good security, and it can obtain the probability of the crack arrest of pipeline and toughness reguirements, reaches control The purpose of tubulation thread breakage behavior.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is capable of the natural gas line of controlled fracturing blasting behavior by the i-1 roots fortune being connected The pipeline that row pipe and a crack arrest pipe being connected with the i-th -1 operation pipe are constituted.
A kind of natural gas line ductile fracture control method based on described natural gas line, comprises the following steps：
1) according to the probabilistic method of permutation and combination, it is expanded and the probability P of pipe is run more than i-1 rootsni-1, and Pni-1 =(i-1) pa(1-pa)i-1+(1-pa)i；Wherein, paTo run the single tube crack arrest probability of pipe；I is the sum of operation pipe and crack arrest pipe Amount；
2) according to the probability P that pipe is run more than i-1 rootsni-1With higher than operation tube material toughness reguirements value operation pipe in not The probability P of energy crack arrestc, obtain being unable to the probability P of crack arrest in i-1 roots run and manageni-1+Pc；
3) according to the single tube crack arrest probability P of crack arrest pipebWith the probability P that crack arrest is unable in i-1 roots operation pipeni-1+PcObtain The probability P of natural gas line crack arrest=1- (Pni-1+Pc)×(1-Pb+Pc)；
4) according to the probability P=1- (P of natural gas line crack arrestni-1+Pc)×(1-Pb+Pc) ductility to natural gas line Fracture is controlled.
Described step 1) in operation pipe single tube crack arrest Probability p a be according to operation tube material toughness distribution obtain.
Described step 1) in be enlarged beyond i-1 roots run pipe probability Pni-1Obtained using following methods：According to The probabilistic method of permutation and combination obtains Crack Extension：Pi-1=(i-1) (1-pa)(i-1) pa 2, by the probability P of Crack Extension to the i-th -1 operation pipei-1=(i-1) (1-pa)(i-1)pa 2Obtain Pni-1=(i-1) pa(1- pa)i-1+(1-pa)i。
Described step 3) in crack arrest pipe single tube crack arrest probability PbIt is by obedience standardized normal distributionTable look-up what is obtained；Wherein,For the toughness average of crack arrest pipe；σ is standard deviation.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention is：
The present invention is applied in combination to reach control line break behavior using the preferable crack arrest pipe of toughness with operation pipe, reachable To control line break behavior, the purpose of pipeline itself crack arrest is reached within the specific limits, with preferable economy and safety Property, and easily use.Compared with the method that tradition improves whole pipeline steel tube toughness, the present invention is ensureing natural gas line operation Security while, reduce the quantity of high ductility steel tube, can be significantly cost-effective, with preferable economic sexual clorminance.
The present invention, for the requirement of pipeline crackle crack arrest characteristic during pipe-line construction, is the toughness of operation pipe and crack arrest pipe Claim (mean value of steel pipe toughness distribution), and goes out natural gas operation according to the crack arrest probability calculation of operation pipe and crack arrest pipe The crack arrest probability of pipeline, by the crack arrest probability that the natural gas for calculating runs pipeline actual natural gas line manufacture is applied to In, can be good at controlling the ductile fracture of natural gas line, improve the ductile fracture control technology of natural gas line.Separately Outward, the crack arrest probability of present invention natural gas line in known calculations specific length during pipeline construction, can be by solving equation Method calculate operation pipe or crack arrest pipe single tube crack arrest probability, be that the toughness index of steel pipe's production claims.The present invention is also Can be under the crack arrest probability of natural gas line in known calculations specific length by the single tube crack arrest probability of adjustment crack arrest pipe, control The single tube crack arrest probability (operation pipe is accounted for mainly in the ratio of natural gas line) of system operation pipe, so as to control production cost.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that crack arrest scheme operation pipe of the present invention is combined with crack arrest pipe；
Fig. 2 is embodiments of the present invention figure；
Wherein, A, operation pipe, B, crack arrest pipe.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The fracture toughness of steel pipe changes with the change of pipeline technique, and utilizes the statistics parameter of statement toughness distribution (mean value and standard deviation) can be used to count the toughness regularity of distribution that pipeline steel tube is run per bar.During steel pipe's production, The change Normal Distribution of toughness,
Referring to Fig. 1, the present invention be capable of the natural gas line of controlled fracturing blasting behavior by the i-1 roots operation pipe A being connected and The pipeline that a crack arrest pipe B being connected with the i-th -1 operation pipe A is constituted, can thus improve crack arrest characteristic.
In order to reach the purpose of itself crack arrest, present invention also offers a kind of natural gas line based on natural gas line prolongs Property Fracture Control method, referring to Fig. 2, including two kinds of steel pipe toughness distributions, the calculating of crack arrest probability, crack arrest pipes are combined with operation pipe The calculating of crack arrest probability afterwards, it is contemplated that the risk and economy of toughness setting, it is specific as follows：
1) probability for assuming the steel pipe crack arrest in single tube for exceeding regulation arrest toughness value be 100% (i.e. crack arrest pipe only It is 100%) the toughness Normal Distribution of steel pipe to split probability, then according to the probabilistic method of permutation and combination, Crack Extension is extremely The i-th -1 operation pipe probability be：
Pi-1=(i-1) (1-pa)(i-1)pa 2；Wherein, paIt is the ratio of the operation pipe more than regulation arrest toughness and steel pipe sum Value, that is, run the crack arrest probability of the single tube of pipe, is obtained according to the toughness distribution of operation tube material；paValue is bigger, needs The quantity of the higher steel pipe of toughness is more, therefore the requirement to toughness in steel pipe's production is higher, and cost is higher；I for operation pipe and The total quantity of crack arrest pipe；
Therefore, be enlarged beyond i-1 roots operation pipe probability be：
Can obtain after abbreviation：Pni-1=(i-1) pa(1-pa)i-1+(1-pa)i
2) because the probability for being enlarged beyond i-1 roots operation pipe is to be based on the premise that crack arrest pipe single tube arrest toughness is 100%, And in practice higher than operation tube material toughness reguirements value operation pipe in be unable to crack arrest probability be Pc, so the present invention can be controlled It is P that the natural gas line of fracture behaviour processed is unable to the probability of crack arrestni+Pc, but take this crack arrest method that still there is certain risk.
Due to crackle need to the crack arrest in i root steel pipes, therefore, connect a crack arrest at the edge of i-1 root steel pipes (operation pipe) Pipe, forms natural gas line；
Assume crack arrest pipe toughness average beStandard deviation is σ, thenStandardized normal distribution is obeyed, is passed through Table look-up 1 can calculate crack arrest pipe toughness higher than setting probability Pb.Assume that steel pipe is unable to the probability of crack arrest higher than toughness setting For Pc, then it is P that i root steel pipes (run pipe by i-1 roots and a crack arrest pipe is constituted) are unable to the probability of crack arrestni=(Pni-1+Pc) (1-Pb+Pc), and the probability of i roots steel pipe crack arrest is P=1- (P in the range of specific lengthni-1+Pc)(1-Pb+Pc)。
Because the toughness of operation pipe and crack arrest pipe is distributed and the technique in steel pipe manufacture process, technical conditions and raw material phase Close, therefore pass through the toughness of the controllable steel pipe of manufacture link of control steel pipe, can improve operation manage, the single tube crack arrest of crack arrest pipe it is general Rate pa、pb, so as to reduce the failure probability of steel pipe Crack Extension.And in the pipeline construction design phase, if considering risk, it is desirable to manage Line has itself certain crack arrest ability, it is known that the probability of itself crack arrest is P in the range of specified quantity steel pipe, then can pass through above-mentioned Method calculates the crack arrest Probability p needed for operation pipe, crack arrest pipea、pb, so as to propose to steel tube manufacture technique and steel mill's process for making Technical requirement.According to the probability P=1- (P of natural gas line crack arrestni-1+Pc)×(1-Pb+Pc) natural gas line is prolonged Property fracture be controlled.
And Standard Normal Distribution isIts corresponding standard is just State distribution table is as shown in table 1：
The standardized normal distribution table of table 1
x 0 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.09
0 0.5000 0.5040 0.5080 0.5120 0.5160 0.5199 0.5239 0.5279 0.5319 0.5359
0.1 0.5398 0.5438 0.5478 0.5517 0.5557 0.5596 0.5636 0.5675 0.5714 0.5753
0.2 0.5793 0.5832 0.5871 0.5910 0.5948 0.5987 0.6026 0.6064 0.6103 0.6141
0.3 0.6179 0.6217 0.6255 0.6293 0.6331 0.6368 0.6404 0.6443 0.6480 0.6517
0.4 0.6554 0.6591 0.6628 0.6664 0.6700 0.6736 0.6772 0.6808 0.6844 0.6879
0.5 0.6915 0.6950 0.6985 0.7019 0.7054 0.7088 0.7123 0.7157 0.7190 0.7224
0.6 0.7257 0.7291 0.7324 0.7357 0.7389 0.7422 0.7454 0.7486 0.7517 0.7549
0.7 0.7580 0.7611 0.7642 0.7673 0.7703 0.7734 0.7764 0.7794 0.7823 0.7852
0.8 0.7881 0.7910 0.7939 0.7967 0.7995 0.8023 0.8051 0.8078 0.8106 0.8133
0.9 0.8159 0.8186 0.8212 0.8238 0.8264 0.8289 0.8355 0.8340 0.8365 0.8389
1 0.8413 0.8438 0.8461 0.8485 0.8508 0.8531 0.8554 0.8577 0.8599 0.8621
1.1 0.8643 0.8665 0.8686 0.8708 0.8729 0.8749 0.8770 0.8790 0.8810 0.8830
1.2 0.8849 0.8869 0.8888 0.8907 0.8925 0.8944 0.8962 0.8980 0.8997 0.9015
1.3 0.9032 0.9049 0.9066 0.9082 0.9099 0.9115 0.9131 0.9147 0.9162 0.9177
1.4 0.9192 0.9207 0.9222 0.9236 0.9251 0.9265 0.9279 0.9292 0.9306 0.9319
1.5 0.9332 0.9345 0.9357 0.9370 0.9382 0.9394 0.9406 0.9418 0.9430 0.9441
1.6 0.9452 0.9463 0.9474 0.9484 0.9495 0.9505 0.9515 0.9525 0.9535 0.9535
1.7 0.9554 0.9564 0.9573 0.9582 0.9591 0.9599 0.9608 0.9616 0.9625 0.9633
1.8 0.9641 0.9648 0.9656 0.9664 0.9672 0.9678 0.9686 0.9693 0.9700 0.9706
1.9 0.9713 0.9719 0.9726 0.9732 0.9738 0.9744 0.9750 0.9756 0.9762 0.9767
2 0.9772 0.9778 0.9783 0.9788 0.9793 0.9798 0.9803 0.9808 0.9812 0.9817
2.1 0.9821 0.9826 0.9830 0.9834 0.9838 0.9842 0.9846 0.9850 0.9854 0.9857
2.2 0.9861 0.9864 0.9868 0.9871 0.9874 0.9878 0.9881 0.9884 0.9887 0.9890
2.3 0.9893 0.9896 0.9898 0.9901 0.9904 0.9906 0.9909 0.9911 0.9913 0.9916
2.4 0.9918 0.9920 0.9922 0.9925 0.9927 0.9929 0.9931 0.9932 0.9934 0.9936
2.5 0.9938 0.9940 0.9941 0.9943 0.9945 0.9946 0.9948 0.9949 0.9951 0.9952
2.6 0.9953 0.9955 0.9956 0.9957 0.9959 0.9960 0.9961 0.9962 0.9963 0.9964
2.7 0.9965 0.9966 0.9967 0.9968 0.9969 0.9970 0.9971 0.9972 0.9973 0.9974
2.8 0.9974 0.9975 0.9976 0.9977 0.9977 0.9978 0.9979 0.9979 0.9980 0.9981
2.9 0.9981 0.9982 0.9982 0.9983 0.9984 0.9984 0.9985 0.9985 0.9986 0.9986
3 0.9987 0.9990 0.9993 0.9995 0.9997 0.9998 0.9998 0.9999 0.9999 1.0000
If the crack arrest probability of homogeneous tube in known specific length, the single tube crack arrest probability of steel pipe is run, then using natural gas tube The probability P of line crack arrest=1- (Pni-1+Pc)×(1-Pb+Pc) the crack arrest probability of crack arrest pipe is obtained, so as to obtain the tough of crack arrest steel pipe Property production target；
If the crack arrest probability of homogeneous tube (i.e. natural gas line) in known specific length, the crack arrest probability of crack arrest steel pipe is then sharp With the probability P=1- (P of natural gas line crack arrestni-1+Pc)×(1-Pb+Pc) obtain running the crack arrest probability of pipe, so as to be transported The toughness production target of row steel pipe；
If it is known operation pipe crack arrest probability, the crack arrest probability of crack arrest pipe, then using natural gas line crack arrest probability P= 1-(Pni-1+Pc)×(1-Pb+Pc) obtain the crack arrest probability of homogeneous tube in specific length.
If the crack arrest probability of known operation pipe, the crack arrest probability of crack arrest pipe, the crack arrest probability of pipeline, then using natural gas tube The probability P of line crack arrest=1- (Pni-1+Pc)×(1-Pb+Pc) estimate steel pipe in which root crack arrest.
The present invention is described in further detail below by specific example, to support that technology to be solved by this invention is asked Topic：
Example one：U.S. DOT49CFR Part 192 specifies：Crackle should the crack arrest in the range of 5-8 root steel pipes, it is corresponding only Splitting probability respectively should be 90% and more than 99%.Arrest toughness is specified according to the calculated X90 single tubes of battle hyperbolic methods For 305J.If making crackle probability of crack arrest in 8 length of steel pipe reach 99%, i.e. i=8, P=0.99.If Pc=0.001, The crack arrest probability of single operation steel pipe is 50%, then the crack arrest probability that can be calculated crack arrest pipe is pb=0.6914, i.e. crack arrest Probability of the pipe toughness higher than standard arrest toughness 305J is 69.14%.Simultaneously according to normal distribution law, it is assumed that standard deviation is 30J (is restricted) by production technology, then the toughness mean value that can calculate crack arrest pipe is 320J, so as to obtain the toughness of crack arrest pipe manufacture Index.
Example two：It is 305J according to the calculated X90 single tubes regulation arrest toughness of battle hyperbolic methods.If making crackle The probability of crack arrest reaches 99%, i.e. i=8, P=0.99 in 8 length of steel pipe.If Pc=0.001, single crack arrest pipe only It is 80% to split probability, then the crack arrest probability that can be calculated operation steel pipe is pa=0.4628, that is, it is higher than standard to run pipe toughness The probability of arrest toughness 305J is 46.28%.Simultaneously according to normal distribution law, it is assumed that standard deviation is that 30J (receives production technology system About), then the toughness mean value that can calculate operation pipe is 290J, so as to obtain the toughness index that operation regulation is made.Due to operation pipe Quantity it is more, reduce operation pipe toughness reguirements then can reduce steel pipe manufacture cost, reduce pipe-line construction expense, improve Jing Ji benefit.
Example three：It is 305J according to the calculated X90 single tubes regulation arrest toughness of battle hyperbolic methods.If single stop The crack arrest probability for splitting pipe is 75%, and it is 45%, P to run probability of the pipe toughness higher than standard arrest toughness 305Jc=0.001, Then the probability of crackle crack arrest in 8 length of steel pipe is 98.56%.Can be true according to the toughness distribution index of operation pipe and crack arrest pipe Crack arrest probability in set pattern measured length.
Example four：It is 305J according to the calculated X90 single tubes regulation arrest toughness of battle hyperbolic methods.If single stop The crack arrest probability for splitting pipe is 75%, and it is 45%, P to run probability of the pipe toughness higher than standard arrest toughness 305Jc=0.001, If desired the probability of pipeline crack arrest is 99%, and crackle can stop in the 9th steel pipe when being applied in combination with crack arrest pipe using operation pipe Split.Which can estimate crackle can be in root steel according to pipe and the toughness distribution index of crack arrest pipe and the crack arrest probability of compound tube is run Itself crack arrest in pipe.
The invention provides a kind of natural gas transportation steel pipe utilized under two kinds of different manufacturing process (relatively low toughness distribution Operation pipe and the crack arrest pipe of higher toughness distribution) cause steel pipe that crack arrest is reached in certain length by certain combination Method, including theory deduction, calculating process, its advantage is as described below：
The present invention is applied in combination by the use of the higher steel pipe of toughness as the relatively low operation pipe of crack arrest pipe and toughness, it is contemplated that high In the failure risk of regulation arrest toughness steel pipe, compared with traditional simple crack arrest method for improving single tube toughness, can be by changing The arrest toughness of steel pipe can improve the crack arrest probability of the interior steel pipe of specific length (quantity), reduce Fracture Failure Risk, improve pipeline Operation safety.
The present invention is applied in combination by the use of the higher steel pipe of toughness as the relatively low operation pipe of crack arrest pipe and toughness, and tradition list The pure crack arrest method for improving single tube toughness is compared, it is not necessary in a large number using high intensity, high tenacity natural gas transportation steel pipe protecting Card crack arrest characteristic, therefore purchase cost and technical difficulty needed for raising steel pipe toughness can be significantly reduced, it is natural so as to improve Economic benefit is built in letter shoot road.
The present invention is applied in combination by the use of the higher steel pipe of toughness as the relatively low operation pipe of crack arrest pipe and toughness, is implemented It is simple, beneficial to practical application in industry.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of natural gas line ductile fracture control method, it is characterised in that the method is based on controlled fracturing blasting behavior Natural gas line is carried out, the described natural gas line for being capable of controlled fracturing blasting behavior by i-1 roots operation pipe (A) being connected and A crack arrest pipe (B) being connected with the i-th -1 operation pipe (A) is constituted, and the method specifically includes following steps：
1) according to the probabilistic method of permutation and combination, it is expanded and the probability P of pipe is run more than i-1 rootsni-1, and Pni-1=(i- 1)pa(1-pa)i-1+(1-pa)i；Wherein, paTo run the single tube crack arrest probability of pipe；I is the total quantity of operation pipe and crack arrest pipe；
2) according to the probability P that pipe is run more than i-1 rootsni-1Can not be only with the operation pipe higher than operation tube material toughness reguirements value The probability P splitc, obtain being unable to the probability P of crack arrest in i-1 roots run and manageni-1+Pc；
3) according to the single tube crack arrest probability P of crack arrest pipebWith the probability P that crack arrest is unable in i-1 roots operation pipeni-1+PcObtain natural The probability P of gas pipeline crack arrest=1- (Pni-1+Pc)×(1-Pb+Pc)；
4) according to the probability P=1- (P of natural gas line crack arrestni-1+Pc)×(1-Pb+Pc) ductile fracture of natural gas line is entered Row control.
2. natural gas line ductile fracture control method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 1) in The single tube crack arrest Probability p of operation pipeaIt is to be obtained according to the toughness distribution of operation tube material.
3. natural gas line ductile fracture control method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described step 1) in It is enlarged beyond the probability P that i-1 roots run pipeni-1Obtained using following methods：According to the probabilistic method of permutation and combination Obtain Crack Extension is to the probability of the i-th -1 operation pipe：Pi-1=(i-1) (1-pa)(i-1)pa 2, by Crack Extension to the i-th -1 The probability P of operation pipei-1=(i-1) (1-pa)(i-1)pa 2Obtain Pni-1=(i-1) pa(1-pa)i-1+(1-pa)i。
4. natural gas line ductile fracture control method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described step 3) in Crack arrest pipe single tube crack arrest probability PbIt is by obedience standardized normal distributionTable look-up what is obtained；Wherein,Till Split the toughness average of pipe；σ is standard deviation.
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