CN104500556B - High-bearing static-pressure bulb articulated mechanism with internal feedback restrictor - Google Patents
High-bearing static-pressure bulb articulated mechanism with internal feedback restrictor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明是一种带内反馈节流器的大承载静压球头铰链机构，该铰链机构的上球头座(2)与下球头座(4)相吻合形成一个中空的球头座，球头(3)位于该球头座内，连杆(1)与球头(3)连接并穿过上球头座(2)与外部连接，在下球头座(4)内设有下静压腔(15)；球头(3)内设有两个节流器安装孔(9)，节流器安装孔(9)指向下静压腔(15)，小孔节流器(5)安装在节流器安装孔(9)内。具有承载能力特别大，而润滑油流量小、摩擦功耗低等优点。
The present invention is a large load-bearing static pressure ball hinge mechanism with an internal feedback throttle. The upper ball seat (2) of the hinge mechanism matches the lower ball seat (4) to form a hollow ball seat. The ball head (3) is located in the ball head seat, the connecting rod (1) is connected with the ball head (3) and passes through the upper ball head seat (2) to connect with the outside, and the lower ball head seat (4) is provided with a lower static The pressure chamber (15); the ball head (3) is provided with two restrictor installation holes (9), the restrictor installation holes (9) point to the lower static pressure chamber (15), the small hole restrictor (5) Install it in the restrictor installation hole (9). It has the advantages of particularly large carrying capacity, small lubricating oil flow, and low frictional power consumption.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种带内反馈节流器的大承载静压球头铰链机构，属于机械设计领域。The invention relates to a large-load static pressure ball joint hinge mechanism with an internal feedback throttle, which belongs to the field of mechanical design.
背景技术Background technique
球头铰链是一种将端部为球头的杆件包围在球窝中的机构，球头与球窝之间为面接触，两者之间接触面积越大，接触比压越小，球头铰链机构的工作寿命越长。然而，随着制造装备向着大型化、重载化、高速化的发展趋势，此种球头铰链机构在重载和高频摆动下，球头和球窝之间将产生的较大的滑动摩擦力，发热量大，导致球头和球窝之间摩擦损耗加剧，甚至于出现两者相互咬合，大幅缩短了工作寿命。为了降低球头和球窝之间的摩擦，出现在球窝和球头之间加入滚子的滚动球头铰链机构，但是滚动球头铰链机构的承载力偏小，抗冲击能力较低，不能满足重载工况的需求；近年来也有静压球头铰链的问世，但是均采用定压供油系统的节流方式，其单位面积承载能力较小，不能满足重载工况。The ball hinge is a mechanism that encloses a rod with a ball end in a ball socket. The ball head and the ball socket are in surface contact. The larger the contact area between the two, the smaller the contact specific pressure. The longer the working life of the head hinge mechanism. However, with the development trend of large-scale, heavy-duty, and high-speed manufacturing equipment, this kind of ball-joint hinge mechanism will generate greater sliding friction between the ball head and the ball socket under heavy load and high-frequency swings. The friction loss between the ball head and the ball socket is increased, and even the two bite each other, which greatly shortens the working life. In order to reduce the friction between the ball head and the ball socket, there is a rolling ball joint hinge mechanism with rollers added between the ball socket and the ball head, but the bearing capacity of the rolling ball joint hinge mechanism is too small, and the impact resistance is low Meet the needs of heavy-duty working conditions; in recent years, there are also static pressure ball joints, but they all adopt the throttling mode of constant pressure oil supply system, and their carrying capacity per unit area is small, which cannot meet heavy-duty working conditions.
发明内容Contents of the invention
技术问题：本发明所要解决的技术问题是，提供一种用于重载和高频摆动工况的带内反馈节流器的大承载静压球头铰链机构，使得在重载和高频摆动工况，球头和球窝之间的磨损小，进而减小球头铰链机构的发热量，延长球头铰链机构的使用寿命。Technical problem: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a large-load static pressure ball-joint hinge mechanism with an internal feedback restrictor for heavy-load and high-frequency swing conditions, so that the heavy-load and high-frequency swing In the working condition, the wear between the ball head and the ball socket is small, thereby reducing the calorific value of the ball joint hinge mechanism and prolonging the service life of the ball joint hinge mechanism.
技术方案：本发明提供了一种适用于重载、高频摆动的内反馈节流器的大承载静压球头铰链机构，该铰链机构包括：连杆、上球头座、球头、下球头座、小孔节流器、出油孔、回油槽、进油孔、节流器安装孔、上出油孔、上静压腔、上内反馈通路、下内反馈通路、下静压腔；其中，上球头座与下球头座相吻合形成一个中空的球头座，球头位于该球头座内，连杆与球头连接并穿过上球头座 与外部连接，在下球头座内设有下静压腔；球头内设有两个节流器安装孔，节流器安装孔指向下静压腔，小孔节流器安装在节流器安装孔内。Technical solution: The present invention provides a large-load static pressure ball hinge mechanism suitable for heavy-duty, high-frequency swing internal feedback throttles. The hinge mechanism includes: a connecting rod, an upper ball seat, a ball head, a lower Ball head seat, small hole restrictor, oil outlet hole, oil return groove, oil inlet hole, restrictor installation hole, upper oil outlet hole, upper static pressure chamber, upper inner feedback path, lower inner feedback path, lower static pressure Cavity; wherein, the upper ball head seat and the lower ball head seat match to form a hollow ball head seat, the ball head is located in the ball head seat, the connecting rod is connected with the ball head and passes through the upper ball head seat to connect with the outside, and the lower ball head seat There is a lower static pressure chamber in the ball head seat; two restrictor installation holes are arranged in the ball head, the restrictor installation holes point to the lower static pressure chamber, and the small hole restrictor is installed in the throttle installation hole.
上球头座的上端的中间设有上出油孔，上球头座的内部设有半个上球窝，上球窝内设有环形上静压腔，上球头座的内部设有上内反馈通路，上内反馈通路与上静压腔相连通。There is an upper oil outlet hole in the middle of the upper end of the upper ball head seat, a half upper ball socket is provided inside the upper ball head seat, an annular upper static pressure chamber is arranged in the upper ball socket, and an upper An inner feedback path, the upper inner feedback path communicates with the upper static pressure chamber.
下球头座安装在上球头座的下方，与上球头座相固连；下球头座的内部设有半个下球窝，下球窝内设有环形下静压腔，下球头座的内部设有下反馈通路，下反馈通路的一端与下封油面相连通，另一端与上内反馈通路相连通。The lower ball head seat is installed under the upper ball head seat and is firmly connected with the upper ball head seat; there is a half lower ball socket inside the lower ball head seat, and a ring-shaped lower static pressure chamber is arranged inside the lower ball head seat. The inside of the head seat is provided with a lower feedback path, one end of the lower feedback path is connected with the lower sealing oil surface, and the other end is connected with the upper inner feedback path.
本发明的内反馈静压球形铰链，由进油孔内通入高压润滑油，润滑油流经小孔节流器，进入下球窝。一部分润滑油经回油槽和出油孔流出，另一部分润滑油流经下内反馈通路和上内反馈通路进入上静压腔。高压润滑油在上球窝内产生向下的力，在下球窝内产生向上的力，由于上球窝的润滑油是由下球窝内的润滑油流经下静压腔和下封油面，再进入上球窝的，因此下球窝内润滑油压力将大于上球窝内的润滑油压力，两者只差即为球形铰链所能提供的向上的承载力。In the internal feedback static pressure spherical hinge of the present invention, high-pressure lubricating oil is introduced into the oil inlet hole, and the lubricating oil flows through the small hole restrictor and enters the lower ball socket. A part of the lubricating oil flows out through the oil return groove and the oil outlet hole, and another part of the lubricating oil flows through the lower inner feedback passage and the upper inner feedback passage into the upper static pressure chamber. The high-pressure lubricating oil generates a downward force in the upper ball socket and an upward force in the lower ball socket, because the lubricating oil in the upper ball socket flows through the lower static pressure chamber and the lower sealing oil surface from the lubricating oil in the lower ball socket , and then enter the upper ball socket, so the lubricating oil pressure in the lower ball socket will be greater than the lubricating oil pressure in the upper ball socket, and the difference between the two is the upward bearing capacity that the spherical hinge can provide.
当球头承受向下的外部载荷时，球头将产生向下的位移，从而导致下封油面间隙减小，液阻增大，经小孔节流器进入下静压腔的润滑油压力将增大，而经下内反馈通路和上内反馈通路进入上静压腔的润滑油压力将减小，最终导致上球窝和下球窝内的压力差增大，即增大球形铰链的承载力。When the ball head is subjected to a downward external load, the ball head will have a downward displacement, resulting in a decrease in the gap between the oil surface of the lower seal and an increase in the liquid resistance. will increase, and the lubricating oil pressure entering the upper static pressure chamber through the lower inner feedback path and the upper inner feedback path will decrease, which will eventually lead to an increase in the pressure difference between the upper ball socket and the lower ball socket, that is, to increase the pressure of the ball hinge. carrying capacity.
有益效果：本发明提出的一种带内反馈节流器的大承载静压球头铰链具有承载能力特别大，而润滑油流量小、摩擦功耗低等优点。Beneficial effects: the large-load static pressure ball hinge with an internal feedback restrictor proposed by the present invention has the advantages of particularly large load-carrying capacity, small lubricating oil flow rate, and low frictional power consumption.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1内反馈静压球头铰链机构示意图，The schematic diagram of the feedback static pressure ball joint mechanism in Fig. 1,
图2内反馈静压球头铰链机构反馈通路示意图，Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the feedback path of the internal feedback static pressure ball joint hinge mechanism,
图3润滑油油路示意图。Figure 3 Schematic diagram of lubricating oil circuit.
其中有：连杆1、上球头座2、球头3、下球头座4、小孔节流器5、出油孔6、回油槽7、进油孔8、节流器安装孔9、上出油孔10、上静压腔11、上内反馈通路12、下内反馈通路13、下封油面14、下静压腔15。Among them are: connecting rod 1, upper ball head seat 2, ball head 3, lower ball head seat 4, small hole throttle 5, oil outlet hole 6, oil return groove 7, oil inlet hole 8, throttle installation hole 9 , Upper oil outlet hole 10, upper static pressure chamber 11, upper inner feedback passage 12, lower inner feedback passage 13, lower sealing oil surface 14, lower static pressure chamber 15.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明的铰链机构包括连杆、上球头座、球头、下球头座、小孔节流器、上内反馈通路以及下内反馈通路等。连杆和球头相固连，连杆内设有进油孔，球头内设有两个节流器安装孔，节流器安装孔指向下静压腔，并且进油孔和节流器安装孔相连通，小孔节流器安装在节流器安装孔内。上球头座的上端设有上出油孔，上球头座的内部设有半个上球窝，上球窝内设有环形上静压腔，上球头座的内部设有上内反馈通路，上内反馈通路与上静压腔相连通。下球头座安装在上球头座的下方，与上球头座相固连。下球头座的内部设有半个下球窝，下球窝内设有环形下静压腔，下球头座的内部设有下反馈通路，下反馈通路一端与下封油面相连通，另一端与上内反馈通路相连通。上球头座和下球头座的结合面位置设有环形回油槽，环形回油槽上设有若干个出油孔。The hinge mechanism of the present invention includes a connecting rod, an upper ball head seat, a ball head, a lower ball head seat, a small hole restrictor, an upper inner feedback path, a lower inner feedback path, and the like. The connecting rod and the ball head are fixedly connected. There is an oil inlet hole in the connecting rod. There are two throttle installation holes in the ball head. The throttle installation holes point to the lower static pressure chamber, and the oil inlet hole and the throttle The mounting holes communicate with each other, and the small hole restrictor is installed in the restrictor mounting hole. The upper end of the upper ball head seat is provided with an upper oil outlet hole, and the inside of the upper ball head seat is provided with a half upper ball socket, and the upper ball socket is provided with an annular upper static pressure chamber, and the inside of the upper ball head seat is provided with an upper internal feedback The upper inner feedback path communicates with the upper static pressure chamber. The lower ball head seat is installed below the upper ball head seat and is fixedly connected with the upper ball head seat. There is half a lower ball socket inside the lower ball socket, and there is an annular lower static pressure chamber inside the lower ball socket. There is a lower feedback path inside the lower ball socket. One end of the lower feedback path is connected to the lower sealing oil surface, and the other One end communicates with the upper inner feedback path. An annular oil return groove is arranged at the joint surface of the upper ball head seat and the lower ball head seat, and several oil outlet holes are arranged on the ring oil return groove.
如图1和图2所示，连杆1和球头3相固连，连杆1内设有进油孔8，球头内设有两个节流器安装孔9，节流器安装孔9指向下静压腔15，并且进油孔8和节流器安装孔9相连通，小孔节流器5安装在节流器安装孔9内。上球头座的上端设有上出油孔10，上球头座2的内部设有半个上球窝16，上球窝16内设有环形上静压腔11，上球头座2的内部设有上内反馈通路12，上内反馈通路12与上静压腔11相连通。下球头座4安装在上球头座2的下方，与上球头座2相固连。下球头座4的内部设有半个下球窝17，下球窝17内设有环形下静压腔15，下球头座4的内部设有下反馈通路13，下反馈通路13一端与下封油面14相连通，另一端与上内反馈通路12相连通。上球头座2和下球头座4的结合面位置设有环形回油槽7，环形回油槽上设有若干个出油孔6。As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the connecting rod 1 and the ball head 3 are fixedly connected, the connecting rod 1 is provided with an oil inlet hole 8, and the ball head is provided with two throttle installation holes 9, and the throttle installation hole 9 points to the lower static pressure chamber 15, and the oil inlet hole 8 communicates with the restrictor installation hole 9, and the small hole restrictor 5 is installed in the restrictor installation hole 9. The upper end of the upper ball head seat is provided with an upper oil outlet hole 10, and the inside of the upper ball head seat 2 is provided with a half upper ball socket 16, and the upper ball socket 16 is provided with an annular upper static pressure chamber 11, and the upper ball head seat 2 An upper inner feedback path 12 is provided inside, and the upper inner feedback path 12 communicates with the upper static pressure chamber 11 . The lower ball head seat 4 is installed below the upper ball head seat 2 and is fixedly connected with the upper ball head seat 2 . The inside of the lower ball head seat 4 is provided with half of the lower ball socket 17, and the lower ball socket 17 is provided with an annular lower static pressure chamber 15, and the inside of the lower ball head seat 4 is provided with a lower feedback path 13, and one end of the lower feedback path 13 is connected to the The lower sealing oil surface 14 is connected, and the other end is connected with the upper internal feedback passage 12 . An annular oil return groove 7 is provided at the joint surface of the upper ball seat 2 and the lower ball seat 4, and several oil outlet holes 6 are arranged on the annular oil return groove.
如图3所示，工作时，由进油孔8内通入高压润滑油，润滑油流经节流器安装孔9和小孔节流器5，进入下静压腔15。进入静压腔15的润滑油一部分向上经回油槽7和出油孔6流出，另一部分润滑油向下依次流经内反馈通路13和上内反馈通路12进入上静压腔11，进入上静压腔11的润滑油一部分向下经回油槽7和出油孔6流出，一部分向上经上出油孔10流出。高压润滑油在上球窝16内产生向下的压力，在下球窝17内产生向上的压力，由于上球窝16的润滑油是由下静压腔15内的润滑油流经下封油面14再进入上球窝16的，因此下静压腔15内润滑油压力将大于上静压腔11内的压力，因此球形铰链能提供的很大的向 上承载力。As shown in Figure 3, when working, high-pressure lubricating oil is introduced into the oil inlet hole 8, and the lubricating oil flows through the restrictor installation hole 9 and the small hole restrictor 5, and then enters the lower static pressure chamber 15. Part of the lubricating oil entering the static pressure chamber 15 flows upward through the oil return groove 7 and the oil outlet hole 6, and the other part of the lubricating oil flows downward through the inner feedback passage 13 and the upper inner feedback passage 12 to enter the upper static pressure chamber 11, and then enters the upper static pressure chamber 15. A part of lubricating oil in the pressure chamber 11 flows out through the oil return groove 7 and the oil outlet hole 6 downwards, and a part flows out through the upper oil outlet hole 10 upwards. The high-pressure lubricating oil generates downward pressure in the upper ball socket 16 and upward pressure in the lower ball socket 17, because the lubricating oil in the upper ball socket 16 flows through the lower sealing oil surface from the lubricating oil in the lower static pressure chamber 15 14 then enters the upper ball socket 16, so the lubricating oil pressure in the lower static pressure chamber 15 will be greater than the pressure in the upper static pressure chamber 11, so the spherical hinge can provide a large upward bearing capacity.
当球头3承受向下的外部载荷时，球头将产生向下的位移，从而导致下封油面14间隙减小，液阻增大，经小孔节流器5进入下静压腔15的润滑油压力增大，而经下内反馈通路13和上内反馈通路12进入上静压腔11的润滑油压力减小，最终导致上球窝16和下球窝17内的压力差增大，即球形铰链的向上承载力增大。When the ball head 3 bears a downward external load, the ball head will have a downward displacement, resulting in a decrease in the clearance of the lower sealing oil surface 14 and an increase in liquid resistance, and enters the lower static pressure chamber 15 through the small hole restrictor 5 The pressure of lubricating oil increases, while the pressure of lubricating oil entering the upper static pressure chamber 11 through the lower inner feedback passage 13 and upper inner feedback passage 12 decreases, which eventually leads to an increase in the pressure difference between the upper ball socket 16 and the lower ball socket 17 , that is, the upward bearing capacity of the spherical hinge increases.
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106764353A (en) * | 2016-12-19 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽天裕汽车零部件制造有限公司 | A kind of static pressure button-head hinge using two-way internal-feedback throttling technology |
| CN106763137A (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽天裕汽车零部件制造有限公司 | A kind of big carrying static pressure ball head articulated mechanism with internal-feedback throttling device |
| CN115351561B (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-04-07 | 中国机械总院集团海西(福建)分院有限公司 | Hydrostatic pressure guide rail assembly applied to machine tool and machine tool |
| CN115351595B (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-04-07 | 中国机械总院集团海西(福建)分院有限公司 | Feedback throttling device and machine tool applied to machine tools |
| CN115351562B (en) * | 2022-10-21 | 2023-04-07 | 中国机械总院集团海西(福建)分院有限公司 | Hydrostatic pressure spindle unit and lathe applied to lathe |
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| JP4478684B2 (en) * | 2004-07-20 | 2010-06-09 | 株式会社小松製作所 | Spherical plain bearing system |
-
2014
- 2014-12-18 CN CN201410799357.0A patent/CN104500556B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR1399174A (en) * | 1964-06-18 | 1965-05-14 | Alford & Alder Engineers Ltd | Improvements to ball joints |
| JP2002213430A (en) * | 2001-01-15 | 2002-07-31 | Otics Corp | Ball joint |
| CN102221039A (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2011-10-19 | 南京二机齿轮机床有限公司 | Dynamic and static pressure ball socket bearing structure for high speed gear shaper |
| CN203272425U (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-11-06 | 玉环县锐利机械有限公司 | Improved automotive steering ball head |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN104500556A (en) | 2015-04-08 |
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