CN104499683A - Parquet floor and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a solid wood composite floor and a manufacturing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building decoration materials manufacturing. The veneer made of natural veneer is used as the panel, and the plate composed of various hard miscellaneous wood processing leftovers is used as the base material. It is made through gluing and other processes. The base material part is composed of three layers in the width direction, which are: There is a slat layer on each side, and a plywood layer in the middle, and the plywood layer is the bottom balance layer, the core layer, and the surface balance layer from bottom to top. The manufacturing method includes the steps of selecting leftover materials, sizing slats, processing plywood layers, combining base materials, veneering, hot pressing, curing, molding, painting, and packaging. It has the advantages of saving forest resources, improving the utilization rate of wood, good dimensional stability of manufactured products, more environmental protection, and simple process.

Description

Solid wood composite floor and its manufacturing method

technical field

The invention relates to a floor and a manufacturing method thereof, in particular to a composite floor and a manufacturing method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of building decoration material manufacturing.

Background technique

There is a very serious waste in the consumption of forest resources in my country. According to the statistics of relevant departments, the utilization rate of timber in my country is only about 50% at present, while the comprehensive utilization rate of timber in developed countries is generally above 80%, and the industrial utilization rate of the remaining materials ( Excluding energy use) is above 50%.

As far as the domestic flooring industry is concerned, some leftovers after wood processing will be produced in the flooring production, and these leftovers are mostly treated as garbage disposal or burned in a scattered and neglected state. my country is a big country with a population of more than one billion, and the amount of wood waste is extremely alarming. If these recyclable wood resources cannot be effectively utilized, it will be a huge waste. Therefore, increasing the utilization rate of wood to achieve the purpose of saving wood resources and protecting the environment has attracted more and more attention from the society.

According to the definition of solid wood composite flooring in GB/T18103-2013 "Solid wood composite flooring": use solid wood panel or veneer (including recombined decorative veneer) as the panel, and solid wood panel, veneer, plywood as the core layer or bottom layer , Floors processed by lamination in different combinations. It can be seen from this that whether the solid wood composite floor is multi-layer or three-layer, it means that the wood is laminated in the thickness direction, and the multi-layer laminated combination in the width direction is extremely rare. At present, research on solid wood composite flooring composed of wood laminates in the width and thickness directions is rare in the flooring industry. This new structure of solid wood composite flooring has better dimensional stability than traditional solid wood composite flooring.

In summary, it is a very valuable research topic to design a new type of solid wood composite flooring with excellent dimensional stability by using the scraps produced in the process of wood processing. It can not only save forest resources but also improve wood utilization. And the solid wood composite floor produced has excellent dimensional stability.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the waste of forest resources caused by the low utilization rate of wood in my country's flooring industry at present, the invention discloses a solid wood composite floor with a new structure and a manufacturing method thereof by using scraps produced in the traditional flooring process. Structural parquet has excellent dimensional stability.

The solid wood composite floor of the novel structure disclosed by the invention uses a veneer made of natural veneer as a panel, and a plate composed of leftover materials from processing various hard miscellaneous woods as a base material, and is composed of a panel and a base material in the thickness direction. Among them, the substrate is composed of three parts in the width direction, the slats on both sides and the plywood layer. The plywood layer constituting the base material also consists of three parts in the thickness direction.

Panel: The panel wood is veneer processed from natural precious wood. Such as teak, black walnut, hickory and so on. The thickness is between 1.2-4.0mm.

Specifically, the substrate part is composed of three layers in the width direction, respectively: there is a lath on each side, and a plywood layer in the middle; wherein the plywood layer is composed of three layers in the thickness direction. The specifications of the two slats are thickness*width*length=13mm*20mm*1220mm, and the specification of the plywood layer is thickness*width*length=13mm*90mm*1220mm. Among them, the slats are solid wood, and the plywood layer is a combination of solid wood and veneer.

Specifically, the splint layer from bottom to top is the bottom balance layer (thickness*width*length=1.5mm*90mm*1220mm), the core layer (thickness*width*length=10mm*90mm*1220mm), the surface layer balance layer (thickness *width*length=1.5mm*90mm*1220mm). Among them, the bottom balance layer and the surface balance layer are composed of rotary-cut veneer, and the core layer is solid wood.

Specifically, the two slats have a female tenon on the side close to the plywood layer, and a male tenon on both sides of the plywood layer, and the slats on both sides are combined with the middle plywood in a tenon-groove interlocking manner.

Specifically, the wood species used to make the slats, the bottom balance layer, the core layer, and the surface balance layer are hardwoods, and the same tree species can be used, or different wood species can be combined, and the leftover materials are processed and combined.

The manufacturing method of the solid wood composite floor disclosed by the invention includes the steps of selecting leftover materials, sizing slats, processing plywood layers, combining base materials, veneering, hot pressing, curing, molding, painting, packaging and the like.

Specifically, the selection of leftover materials: select wooden strips and veneers with appropriate specifications, and classify them.

Specifically, the size of the slats: use a multi-blade sawing machine to process the slats with appropriate specifications into thickness*width*length=13mm*20mm*2440mm to make blanks, and control the moisture content at 8%-12% .

Specifically, plywood layer processing: the plywood layer is composed of the bottom balance layer, the surface layer balance layer, and the core layer. First, use a multi-blade sawing machine to determine the size of the core layer, and control its size as thickness*width*length=10mm*90mm *1220mm, the wood species of the core layer can be oak, eucalyptus, pine and other wood species, and the moisture content should be controlled at 8%-12%. Then use the veneer cutting machine to make the veneer into thickness*width*length=1.5mm*90mm*1220mm, control the moisture content at 8%-12%, the veneer can be made of eucalyptus, poplar, birch, etc. Then apply glue on the back of the veneer, using melamine-modified urea-formaldehyde glue as the glue, according to the mass ratio: pure glue: flour: curing agent = 65: (15-25): 5 to adjust the glue, the glue coating amount is 120- 135g/㎡. Finally, according to the veneer-core layer-veneer hot pressing along the grain direction, use a continuous hot press, the gauge pressure is 10-12MPa, the temperature is 95-105°C, and the time is 200-250s. After the hot pressing is completed, place it in balance The room is balanced for 3.5 days, so that the moisture content distribution is balanced and controlled at 7%-10%.

Specifically, substrate combination: use a slotting machine to slot one side of the slats, slot width * depth = 4mm * 4mm, and then cut it into 1220mm in the length direction with a single saw; The tongue is opened in the direction, the thickness of the tongue * length = 4 * 4mm, and the interference fit between the notch and the tongue is required; use a flatbed machine to apply pressure and combine according to the combination of slats-plywood layer-slats. The glue used is milky white glue, coated on the inner wall of the slot, the coating amount is 30-45g/㎡, the pressure is 2-4MPa, and the cold pressing time is 3-5h.

Specifically, according to the conventional solid wood composite flooring production process, follow-up processes such as veneer hot pressing, edge trimming, surface painting, inspection and packaging, etc. are carried out. in:

Veneer hot pressing: After the surface of the substrate is glued, stick the veneer on the substrate for gluing, use urea-formaldehyde glue, the coating amount is 120-140g/㎡, the hot-pressing temperature is 100±5℃, the pressure is 8-10Mpa, and the time is 180 -250s. Made into planks.

Edge trimming: Use a four-sided planer to process the flatness around the slats to make the length and width of each slat uniform. Process the chamfer at the edge and surface transition, the chamfer specification is 45°*2mm.

Surface coating: roll-coat the bottom plate UV paint on the surface of the slats, use a rubber roller with a hardness of 35, and the coating amount is 25g/㎡. The UV paint is a photosensitive unsaturated acrylic polyester UV paint, and the wavelength of ultraviolet light is 320nm. Radiation curing. A total of 5 times of roller coating, each coating amount of 8-15g/㎡.

Inspection and packaging: carry out factory inspection on the products, and then pack them.

The appearance and physical and chemical properties of the flat floor made by this process are tested according to the national standard "GB/T18103-2013". In the test, after four cycles, the specimen has no cracks, which meets the requirements of the national standard; the static bending strength of the product is 45MPa, which exceeds the minimum requirement of the national standard by 30MPa. Every key index of the present invention has all reached national standard requirement.

Beneficial effect

Compared with the existing floor, the present invention has the following advantages:

The solid wood composite floor of the present invention is different from the conventional solid wood composite floor in structure, and its base material has 3 layers in the thickness direction and 3 layers in the width direction.

The base material of the present invention is made of veneer, core layer, and small slats after reasonable arrangement. These materials are composed of processing residues of different hardwoods, so the utilization rate of wood is greatly improved, and the waste of forest resources is avoided. .

The layout size of the base material of the present invention follows the principle of left-right and up-down symmetry. At the same time, the left and right slats are combined with the tongue and groove of the core board to reserve the expansion gap of the wood, so the manufactured product has good dimensional stability.

The left and right slats are combined with the tenon and groove of the plywood, which avoids the way of glue splicing, reduces the amount of glue used, reduces the release of free formaldehyde of the product, and improves the environmental protection performance of the product.

Compared with the existing floor manufacturing technology, the present invention has the following advantages:

The manufacturing method of the present invention is simple in technology, especially the follow-up procedures such as veneer hot pressing, edge trimming, surface painting, inspection and packaging are the same as the conventional solid wood compound flooring production technology.

Different hardwoods and leftover materials are used in the manufacturing method of the invention, which improves the utilization rate of wood and saves resources and production costs.

In the manufacturing method of the present invention, the symmetrical structural design of the base material and the reservation of the tongue-and-groove expansion joint increase the stability of the product.

The combination of tongue and groove in the manufacturing method of the present invention reduces the amount of glue used and improves the environmental performance of the product.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a plank sectional view in the decomposition structure of the substrate of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of the splint layer in the decomposition structure of the base material of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of solid wood composite flooring of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the solid wood composite flooring of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The solid wood composite floor and its manufacturing method disclosed by the present invention will be illustrated and explained through the following embodiments, which are not limited to description, and the embodiments are given and described only as examples with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Description of parquet structure:

Referring to Figures 1 to 4, the structure of the solid wood composite floor disclosed by the present invention is described.

Figure 1 shows the cross-sectional view of the slats in the decomposition structure of the base material. The slat 1 is solid wood, and its specification is thickness*width*length=13mm*20mm*1220mm. The slat 1 is tenoned on the side close to the plywood layer , so that it can be combined with the male tenon on one side of the plywood in a tenon-groove manner.

Figure 2 shows the cross-sectional view of the plywood layer in the decomposition structure of the base material. The plywood layer is a combination of solid wood and veneer, consisting of three layers in the thickness direction, and its specification is thickness*width*length=13mm*90mm*1220mm. The plywood layer is the bottom balance layer 4 from bottom to top. The specification of the bottom balance layer 4 is thickness*width*length=1.5mm*90mm*1220mm; the specification of the core layer 3 is thickness*width*length=10mm* 90mm*1220mm; surface balance layer 2, the specification of surface balance layer 2 is thickness*width*length=1.5mm*90mm*1220mm. Wherein, both the bottom balance layer 4 and the surface balance layer 2 are composed of rotary-cut veneer, and the core layer 3 is solid wood.

Fig. 3 shows a cross-sectional view of a solid wood composite floor, wherein the surface layer 5 made of natural veneer is on the surface layer of the solid wood composite floor.

Explanation of the parquet manufacturing method:

The manufacturing method of the solid wood composite floor disclosed by the invention includes the steps of selecting leftover materials, sizing slats, processing plywood layers, combining base materials, veneering, hot pressing, curing, molding, painting, packaging and the like.

Specifically, the selection of leftover materials: select wooden strips and veneers with appropriate specifications, and classify them.

Specifically, the size of the slats: use a multi-blade sawing machine to process the slats with appropriate specifications into thickness*width*length=13mm*20mm*2440mm to make blanks, and control the moisture content at 8%-12% .

Specifically, plywood layer processing: the plywood layer is composed of the bottom balance layer, the surface layer balance layer, and the core layer. First, use a multi-saw blade sawing machine to determine the size of the core layer, and control its size to be thickness*width*length=10mm*90mm *1220mm, the wood species of the core layer can be oak, eucalyptus, pine and other wood species, and the moisture content should be controlled at 8%-12%. Then use the veneer cutting machine to make the veneer into thickness*width*length=1.5mm*90mm*1220mm, control the moisture content at 8%-12%, the veneer can be made of eucalyptus, poplar, birch, etc. Then apply glue to the back of the veneer, using melamine-modified urea-formaldehyde glue as the glue, according to the mass ratio: pure glue: flour: curing agent = 65: (15-25): 5 to adjust the glue, the glue coating amount is 120- 135g/㎡. Finally, according to the veneer-core layer-veneer hot pressing along the grain direction, use a continuous hot press, the gauge pressure is 10-12MPa, the temperature is 95-105°C, and the time is 200-250s. After the hot pressing is completed, place it in balance The room is balanced for 3.5 days, so that the moisture content distribution is balanced and controlled at 7%-10%.

Specifically, substrate combination: use a slotting machine to slot one side of the slats, slot width * depth = 4mm * 4mm, and then cut it into 1220mm in the length direction with a single saw; The tongue is opened in the direction, the thickness of the tongue * length = 4 * 4mm, and the groove and the tongue are required to have an interference fit; use a flatbed machine to apply pressure according to the combination of slats-plywood-slats, and use milky white glue , coated on the inner wall of the notch, the coating amount is 30-45g/㎡, the pressure is 2-4MPa, and the cold pressing time is 3-5h.

Specifically, according to the conventional solid wood composite flooring production process, follow-up processes such as veneer hot pressing, edge trimming, surface painting, inspection and packaging, etc. are carried out. in:

Veneer hot pressing: After the surface of the substrate is glued, stick the veneer on the substrate for gluing, use urea-formaldehyde glue, the coating amount is 120-140g/㎡, the hot-pressing temperature is 100±5℃, the pressure is 8-10Mpa, and the time is 180 -250s. Made into planks.

Edge trimming: Use a four-sided planer to process the flatness around the slats to make the length and width of each slat uniform. Process the chamfer at the edge and surface transition, the chamfer specification is 45°*2mm.

Surface coating: roll-coat the bottom plate UV paint on the surface of the slats, use a rubber roller with a hardness of 35, and the coating amount is 25g/㎡. The UV paint is a photosensitive unsaturated acrylic polyester UV paint, and the wavelength of ultraviolet light is 320nm. Radiation curing. A total of 5 times of roller coating, each coating amount of 8-15g/㎡.

Inspection and packaging: carry out factory inspection on the products, and then pack them.

The appearance and physical and chemical properties of the flat floor made by this process are tested according to the national standard "GB/T18103-2013". In the test, after four cycles, the test piece has no cracks, which meets the requirements of the national standard; the static bending strength of the product is 45MPa, which exceeds the minimum requirement of the national standard by 30MPa. Every key index of the present invention has all reached national standard requirement.

In addition to the above-mentioned specific embodiments, the present invention can also have other embodiments. For those skilled in the art, it is easy to think of any technical solution formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation, so the equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation is adopted. All the formed technical solutions should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. a solid wooden compound floor, comprises panel (5) and base material, and panel (5) is fitted in base material upper surface by glue, it is characterized in that: described base material forms by three layers at width, and respectively there is a lath (1) on its both sides, and centre is splinting layer.

2. solid wooden compound floor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described splinting layer is bottom balance layer (4), sandwich layer (3) and surface layer balance layer (2) from bottom to up.

3. solid wooden compound floor according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described bottom balance layer (4) and surface layer balance layer (2) are made up of rotary cut venner, and sandwich layer (3) is solid wood.

4. solid wooden compound floor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described lath (1) is driving female tenon near direction, splinting layer side, and the mode that the public tenon making it to open with splinting layer side interlocks with tongue-and-groove is combined.

5. solid wooden compound floor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described panel (5) is made up of natural veneer, and thickness is 1.2-4.0mm.

6. the solid wooden compound floor manufacture method according to any one of claim 1 ~ 5, manufacturing step comprises that tailing is selected, lath (1) sizing, splinting layer processing, substrate combination, veneer hot pressing, edge finishing, finish coatings and test package.

7. solid wooden compound floor manufacture method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: control moisture content during described lath (1) sizing at 8%-12%.

8. solid wooden compound floor manufacture method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: controlling moisture content in described splinting layer process is 8%-12%, and the glue of loose side gluing is melamine modified urea-formaldehyde glue.

9. solid wooden compound floor manufacture method according to claim 8, is characterized in that: described glue application amount is 120-135g/ ㎡.

10. solid wooden compound floor manufacture method according to claim 8, it is characterized in that: described splinting layer process is according to veneer-sandwich layer-veneer short grain direction assembly hot pressing, use continuous hot press, control table pressure is 10-12MPa, temperature is 95-105 DEG C, time is 200-250s, and after hot pressing completes, placement balance cylinder balances 3.5 days, makes porous media balanced and controls as 7%-10%.