CN104499003A - Method for extracting metal in aqueous solution - Google Patents
Method for extracting metal in aqueous solution Download PDFInfo
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- CN104499003A CN104499003A CN201410637507.8A CN201410637507A CN104499003A CN 104499003 A CN104499003 A CN 104499003A CN 201410637507 A CN201410637507 A CN 201410637507A CN 104499003 A CN104499003 A CN 104499003A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the wet method metallurgy field, which is used for extracting metal from an aqueous solution, and concretely relates to a method for extracting metal in the aqueous solution. The method comprises the following steps: 1)immersing ore containing metal in a dissolve immersion pool; 2)filtering the aqueous solution for leaching ore, filtering the solid substance and then removing, keeping a metal-containing mother liquor; 3)controlling ore amount and dissolve immersion time, wherein the metal content in the mother liquor is more than 5g/liter; 4)arranging a copper electrode and an iron electrode in the electrolytic bath, separating the copper electrode and the iron electrode by a proton channel membrane , respectively dumping the bacteria liquid and the mother liquor; 5)turning on the power switches on the copper electrode and iron electrode, dumping bacteria liquid in the electrolytic bath at copper electrode side, realizing microbe charging, and performing self generating to realize electrolysis, and using a primary cell electrolytic method for extracting metal. The method breaks the limitation of current restriction due to internal resistance, and has the effects of high energy conversion efficiency and high electrolytic quality of primary cell.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of hydrometallurgy, be applied to the metal that can extract from extraction with aqueous solution, be specifically related to a kind of method extracting metal from the aqueous solution.
Technical background
Introduction according to " science and technology encyclopedia " Chinese edition the 4th edition in 1977 that U.S.'s McGraw-Hill Book Co publishes: galvanic cell electrolysis, have another name called Inner electrolysis, this is that a kind of electrodeposition without impressed voltage is applied in early days, the electrolysis process of easy approximation control cathode potential.The anode of electrolyzer is the active metal (as magnesium) of the spontaneous dissolving of a kind of meeting, and negative electrode is a kind of noble electrode, and as platinum, when two electric pole short circuits, cathode potential equals anode potential, and derives from anode potential.Reasonably selection anode metal and this metal are dissolved in reagent concentration wherein, and cathode potential just can be made to be the numerical value imagined in advance in the scope that major part is available.When anode dissolution consumes, then on negative electrode, there is electro-deposition.The electric current flow through by the size of the spontaneous voltage of battery and it internal resistance limit, galvanic cell electrolysis is used fewer in recent years.
Different metals has electropotentials different separately, and current potential is different, and composition the two poles of the earth just exist potential difference and voltage, and being connected into loop line just has electric current, is exactly galvanic cell electrolysis with this electric current depositing metal.
Existing battery electrolytic process is extracted metal process and be there is following problem:
1, electric current and voltage limits by internal resistance: the serious short circuit of internal circuit that internal resistance is little, not all right, internal resistance is large, and electric current is too little, and power does not quite.
2, the solution that do not separate of the two poles of the earth, or separated halfway solution: the mutual crosstalk that effectively can not stop the two poles of the earth solution, so just can not design and adopt different solution respectively at the two poles of the earth, many electrolysis just can not be carried out, and limit the range of application of galvanic cell electrolysis.
3, while limiting range of application, also limit the scope of selected electrode pair.Such as: carry platinum and can only select magnesium, and can not iron be selected.Select magnesium, can only be used for extracting the metal more expensive than magnesium.Because magnesium is consumed in leaching process.Extracting the metal more cheap than magnesium with magnesium, is non-remunerative economically.Iron is selected just to may be used for extracting all metals that can extract.Because iron is the most cheap.Here it is from the angle of economy also limit the application of galvanic cell electrolysis.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention will overcome above-mentioned technological deficiency exactly, provides a kind of method extracting metal from the aqueous solution, can break the limitation of electric current by internal resistance restriction, and it is high to reach effciency of energy transfer, the effect that galvanic cell amount of electrolyte is high.
For achieving the above object, the method extracting metal from the aqueous solution designed by the present invention, comprises the steps:
(1), by the water of the molten soaking pit of molten for the ore containing metal immersion;
(2), by the aqueous solution after molten leaching ore filter, solid matter is crossed and filters, retain the mother liquor containing metal;
(3), control the amount of ore and molten leaching time, make the metal content in mother liquor be more than 5 grams per liters;
(4), copper electrode and iron electrode is provided with in electrolyzer, kept apart by proton channel film between copper electrode and iron electrode, proton channel film every side be copper electrode side, bacterium liquid is poured in the electrolyzer of copper electrode side, proton channel film every opposite side be iron electrode side, pour mother liquor in the electrolyzer of iron electrode side;
(5), the power switch connected in copper electrode and iron electrode, the bacterium liquid in the electrolyzer of copper electrode side, realize microorganism charging, self generating realizes electrolysis, and with galvanic cell electrolytic process extraction metal.
Further, after step (5) completes, the tail washings extracted after metal is poured in molten soaking pit, and tail washings and mother liquor mixed cycle, to step (5), are extracted metal by repeating step (1).
Further, to be communicated with valve by pipeline between described electrolyzer with molten soaking pit and to realize solution closed cycle.
Further, described bacterium liquid take plant as the microbial solution that culture medium culturing goes out.
The present invention adopts technique scheme, has following remarkable technical progress and beneficial effect:
Anode made by the present invention's iron, negative electrode is made with copper, iron pole and copper-base need be in different solution, if because be all in copper-bath, without copper deposit on copper, only on iron, generate copper sponge, copper-base has cupric ion, iron pole does not have, the principle of work of film is proton channel principle, the ability that proton channel has the strongest prevention ion mutually to drift about, there is again minimum resistance, conduct electricity the solution be spaced being made to resemble be not spaced, even also liquid electric conductivity can be increased, because proton channel film can increase hydrogen ion concentration in solution, almost without hindrance consumption, the principle of work of microorganism is energy conversion principle.The current potential of iron is born than copper, the stream of electrons of iron electrode is to copper electrode.So, the present invention adopts is rich in the film of proton channel and copper electrode and iron electrode are kept apart by proton channel film, the aperture of proton channel film is below nano-scale, the ion of more than 95% can be stoped to pass through film, membrane resistance levels off to 0, breach old galvanic cell electrolysis voltage and electric current completely by the limitation of internal resistance restriction and other two limitations, make the effect of galvanic cell electrolysis there occurs qualitative leap.
The present invention is that microorganism that culture medium culturing goes out consciously can adhere in iron electrode when being in fresh and alive state electronics is passed to iron with plant, increases electrodeposition electric current.Microorganism is renewable, and this electric energy is sustainable, and it can make the power of galvanic cell electrolysis enough large, realizes scale operation base metal-copper, high financial profit.The microorganism current potential cultivated with fresh plant is more negative than iron, therefore has electrical steering iron, and employing effciency of energy transfer is original more than 4 times, the effciency of energy transfer of prior art less than 23%, effciency of energy transfer more than 95% of the present invention.
The present invention adopts microorganism to charge, and galvanic cell electrolysis, without external power, realizes electrolysis by self generating.Primary structure is still matched by lysis electrodes and noble electrode, has the ion of inert metal for negative electrode electrodeposition, ensure quality product, environmental protection in electrolyte.
Current field of hydrometallurgy, dominant technology is extraction electrodeposition, and the present invention is compared with existing dominant technology extraction electrodeposition, and the benefit synopsis extracting copper is as follows:
The copper that current domestic extraction electrodeposition is produced all does not reach one-level, and adopts the copper of the inventive method output to reach the requirement of primary standard.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schema of the inventive method.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail:
The method extracting metal from the aqueous solution shown in Fig. 1, comprises the steps: (1), by the water of the molten soaking pit of molten for the ore containing metal immersion;
(2), by the aqueous solution after molten leaching ore filter, solid matter is crossed and filters, retain the mother liquor containing metal;
(3), control the amount of ore and molten leaching time, make the metal content in mother liquor be more than 5 grams per liters;
(4), copper electrode and iron electrode is provided with in electrolyzer, kept apart by proton channel film between copper electrode and iron electrode, proton channel film every side be copper electrode side, bacterium liquid is poured in the electrolyzer of copper electrode side, proton channel film every opposite side be iron electrode side, pour mother liquor in the electrolyzer of iron electrode side; Bacterium liquid take plant as the microbial solution that culture medium culturing goes out;
(5), the power switch connected in copper electrode and iron electrode, the bacterium liquid in the electrolyzer of copper electrode side, realize microorganism charging, self generating realizes electrolysis, and with galvanic cell electrolytic process extraction metal.
(6) tail washings after extracting metal is poured in molten soaking pit, and tail washings and mother liquor mixed cycle, to step (5), are extracted metal by repeating step (1).
To be communicated with valve by pipeline between above-mentioned electrolyzer with molten soaking pit and to realize solution closed cycle.
Present invention process is suitable for in_situ leaching, carries copper on the spot, if make molten soaking pit with discarded dew mining hole or wide, large, dark hole, this molten soaking pit also can be used as electrolyzer simultaneously and carry out galvanic cell electrolysis.There is no hollow place, electrolyzer and molten soaking pit as far as possible close, be convenient to solution closed cycle.Can also to carry copper in the residual solution after carrying the tail washings after copper or cupric sulfate crystals from extraction electrodeposition.Because new galvanic cell electrolysis is lower than energising electrodeposition to the requirement of mother liquor.Solution copper ion concentration just can be used as mother liquor more than 5 grams per liters, and quality product easily reaches highest standard, and during work, two kinds of solution are all in flowing.Specification is the same with existing general electrolyzer.
Claims (4)
1. from the aqueous solution, extract a method for metal, it is characterized in that comprising the steps: (1), by the water of the molten soaking pit of molten for the ore containing metal immersion;
(2), by the aqueous solution after molten leaching ore filter, solid matter is crossed and filters, retain the mother liquor containing metal;
(3), control the amount of ore and molten leaching time, make the metal content in mother liquor be more than 5 grams per liters;
(4), copper electrode and iron electrode is provided with in electrolyzer, kept apart by proton channel film between copper electrode and iron electrode, proton channel film every side be copper electrode side, bacterium liquid is poured in the electrolyzer of copper electrode side, proton channel film every opposite side be iron electrode side, pour mother liquor in the electrolyzer of iron electrode side;
(5), the power switch connected in copper electrode and iron electrode, the bacterium liquid in the electrolyzer of copper electrode side, realize microorganism charging, self generating realizes electrolysis, and with galvanic cell electrolytic process extraction metal.
2. the method extracting metal from the aqueous solution according to claim 1, is characterized in that: after step (5) completes, and the tail washings extracted after metal is poured in molten soaking pit, and tail washings and mother liquor mixed cycle, to step (5), are extracted metal by repeating step (1).
3. the method extracting metal from the aqueous solution according to claim 1, is characterized in that: to be communicated with valve by pipeline between described electrolyzer with molten soaking pit and to realize solution closed cycle.
4. the method extracting metal from the aqueous solution according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described bacterium liquid take plant as the microbial solution that culture medium culturing goes out.
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| CN201410637507.8A CN104499003A (en) | 2014-11-13 | 2014-11-13 | Method for extracting metal in aqueous solution |
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| CN201410637507.8A CN104499003A (en) | 2014-11-13 | 2014-11-13 | Method for extracting metal in aqueous solution |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114439451A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-05-06 | 北京科技大学 | System for collecting leaching solution and lifting to ground surface and using method |
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| CN1066087A (en) * | 1992-04-24 | 1992-11-11 | 魏明星 | Stir and air supporting method extraction copper powder and displacement apparatus with reactive hydrogen |
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| CN114439451A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-05-06 | 北京科技大学 | System for collecting leaching solution and lifting to ground surface and using method |
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Application publication date: 20150408 |