CN104498814A - Chromium alloy cast iron and preparation and treatment methods thereof - Google Patents
Chromium alloy cast iron and preparation and treatment methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses chromium alloy cast iron and preparation and treatment methods thereof. The cast iron is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 2.6wt%-3.2wt% of carbon, 23wt%-27wt% of chromium, 0.4wt%-0.6wt% of silicon, 0.6wt%-1.0wt% of manganese, 0.2wt%-1.0wt% of nickel, 0.05wt%-1.0wt% of copper, 0.05wt%-1.0wt% of vanadium, 0.007wt%-0.009wt% of titanium, no more than 0.05wt% of sulphur, no more than 0.05wt% of phosphorus and the balance of iron. The preparation method comprises the following steps: firstly, mixing the raw materials except for titanium, and then smelting at 1450-1550 DEG C for at least one hour, so as to obtain a molten material; pouring the molten material into a container containing a complex modifier which is prepared from 18wt%-22wt% of ferrovanadium, 8wt%-12wt% of ferrotitanium, 58wt%-62wt% of rare-earth ferrosilicon alloy, 8wt%-12wt% of glass powder and the balance of water, so as to obtain a molten mixture; and cooling to prepare the chromium alloy cast iron. The treatment method comprises the following steps: sequentially softening and annealing rough casting; machining and molding; quenching; tempering; and cooling, so as to obtain a high-precision product. The chromium alloy cast iron can be widely applied to accurate manufacturing of products such as water pump impellers, water pump sheaths and underflow pump glass-like plates.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cast iron and preparation and treatment process, especially a kind of chrome alloy cast iron and preparation thereof and treatment process.
Background technology
The chrome alloy cast iron with high rigidity and high-wearing feature is mainly used in the rough casting of casting and pouring, through the spray of the shaping chrome alloy cast iron of casting and pouring, its more than actual hardness Chang Gaoda HRC50, much larger than hardness regulation---HRC≤46 after the superhigh-chrome wear-resistant white cast iron heat-treatment of annealing recommended with reference to GB/T8263.Hardness after so high annealing, uses conventional cutter very difficult to carry out mechanical workout, even if use the special type knife as Wimet and pottery etc. to carry out mechanical workout, also has tooling cost high, not convenient, the difficult problem even cannot processed.If directly applied after Q-tempering thermal treatment by spray, the tolerance clearance that just there are some foundry goods is excessive, seals bad, the defect of easy premature breakdown; As impeller, the final product such as sheath and underflow pump cheater plate of water pump, the application of the chrome alloy cast iron product of high rigidity is greatly limited.
In recent years, for solving this difficult problem, on the Optimal improvements of the many chemical compositions at Cr series white cast iron of emphasis that people pay close attention to, alloying, moulding cast and Q-tempering technique thereof etc., though it achieves some effects, but tackle the problem at its root not yet, thus hinder applying of Cr series white cast iron.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention, for overcoming weak point of the prior art, provides a kind of chrome alloy cast iron with higher hardness and wear resistance.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve is for providing a kind of preparation method of above-mentioned chrome alloy cast iron.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve is for providing a kind for the treatment of process of above-mentioned chrome alloy cast iron, shaping to make its spray both be easy to mechanical workout, has again higher hardness.
For solving technical problem of the present invention, the technical scheme adopted is: the component of chrome alloy cast iron and content are:
For solving another technical problem of the present invention, another technical scheme adopted is: the preparation method of above-mentioned chrome alloy cast iron adopts smelting process, and particularly completing steps is as follows:
Step 1, be first the phosphorus of the carbon of 2.6 ~ 3.2wt%, the chromium of 23 ~ 27wt%, the silicon of 0.4 ~ 0.6wt%, the manganese of 0.6 ~ 1.0wt%, the nickel of 0.2 ~ 1.0wt%, the copper of 0.05 ~ 1.0wt%, the vanadium of 0.05 ~ 1.0wt%, the sulphur of≤0.05wt% and≤0.05wt% by component and content, and surplus is that iron mixes mutually, obtain mixture, at again mixture being placed in 1450 ~ 1550 DEG C, melting at least 1h, obtains molten thing;
Step 2, first according to rare earth ferrosilicon alloy and the glass powder mixing of weight percent to be the ratio of 18 ~ 22wt%:8 ~ 12wt%:58 ~ 62wt%:8 ~ 12wt% by label the be vanadium iron of V401, the ferrotianium of FeTi40-A and xt35, obtain compound modifier, being poured in it by molten thing is placed with in the container of compound modifier again, wherein, compound modifier is 0.3 ~ 0.5wt% of molten thing, obtains molten mixture;
Step 3, after the cooling of molten mixture, obtained chrome alloy cast iron.
Further improvement as the preparation method of chrome alloy cast iron:
Preferably, compound modifier is particulate state, and its particle diameter is 3 ~ 5mm.
Preferably, be cooled to molten mixture to be poured in casting mold at 1450 ~ 1470 DEG C and cool.
For solving another technical problem of the present invention, another technical scheme adopted is: the treatment process of above-mentioned chrome alloy cast iron comprises the mechanical workout to its spray, particularly,
60 ± 5min at first spray being placed in 220 ± 5 DEG C successively respectively, 60 ± 5min at 240 ± 5 DEG C, 60 ± 5min at 260 ± 5 DEG C, 60 ± 5min at 280 ± 5 DEG C, 60 ± 5min at 300 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 350 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 450 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 500 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 550 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 600 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 650 ± 5 DEG C, 60 ± 5min at 750 ± 5 DEG C, 180 ± 5min softening annealing at 60 ± 5min and 1020 ± 5 DEG C at 850 ± 5 DEG C, be cooled to room temperature again, obtain the spray softened,
Afterwards, mechanical workout is carried out to softening spray, obtains shaping foundry goods workpiece;
Finally, 120 ± 5min at first shaping foundry goods workpiece being placed in 220 ± 5 DEG C successively respectively, 120 ± 5min at 420 ± 5 DEG C, 180 ± 5min at 650 ± 5 DEG C, after at 850 ± 5 DEG C, at 120 ± 5min and 1050 ± 5 DEG C, 180 ± 5min heats, be placed in hardening liquid to quench, wherein, hardening liquid is the trolamine of 0.3 ~ 0.8wt%, the polyethers of 30.5 ~ 31.5wt%, the Sodium Nitrite of 4.5 ~ 5.5wt%, the sodium silicate of 8 ~ 10wt% and surplus are the mixed solution of water, cool after 120 ± 5min tempering at being placed on 200 ± 5 DEG C again, obtain the final product of chrome alloy cast iron.
Further improvement as the treatment process of chrome alloy cast iron:
Preferably, the pH value of hardening liquid is 9 ~ 11, proportion is 1.09 ± 0.02.
Preferably, spray is water pump impeller, or water pump sheath, or underflow pump cheater plate.
Relative to the beneficial effect of prior art be:
One, characterizes obtained chrome alloy cast iron, from its result, and Rockwell hardness HRC >=63 of chrome alloy cast iron.This alloying constituent after optimizing and combining, makes chrome alloy cast iron both have higher hardness, maintains again good toughness.
Its two, preparation method is simple, efficient, and follow-up the adding of compound modifier improves metallurgical quality and the weave construction enhancing matrix, for the obtained chrome alloy cast iron with higher hardness and wear resistance is laid a good foundation.
Its three, treatment process science, effectively.To there is the spray of the chrome alloy cast iron of higher hardness through multistage heating and close to after the softening annealing thermal treatment process of the equilibrium state type of cooling, change the form of spray tissue, its Rockwell hardness is made to be only 29.5HRC, the spray solving chrome alloy cast iron cannot use conventional knife to carry out a difficult problem for mechanical workout, ensure that the tolerance clearance of chrome alloy cast iron final product accessory.Again zone heating, insulation are carried out to the foundry goods workpiece of mechanical workout aftershaping, the hardening liquid putting into rapidly preparation cools, technique again through low-temperaturetempering after taking-up, ensure that shaping foundry goods workpiece can obtain high rigidity and suitable impact resistance, after testing, its hardness is 64HRC, normal temperature impact value A
k>=5J.
Chrome alloy cast iron is applied to the eye slab product of the hydraulic pressure note plug underflow pump of the dense thick slurry of conveying high solid content, through comparing with the eye slab foundry goods of existing tungsten carbide inserts, to run calculating in 24 hours every day, reality used up to 12 months, namely compared with improve more than 3 times the work-ing life of the eye slab foundry goods of tungsten carbide inserts.
The present invention can be widely used in existing high rigidity requirement, also the wearing piece cast product of quality of fit requirement is had, particularly be applicable to the washing away of fluid, cast product in damage and weak acid corrosion failure environment cut by the cutter of solid particulate, as the accurate manufacture of the products such as water pump impeller, water pump sheath and underflow pump cheater plate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic diagram of softening annealing thermal treatment process in treatment process of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the organization chart of chrome alloy cast iron after softening annealing thermal treatment process, can be found out by it, and its weave construction is eutectic carbides+perlite.
Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic diagram of quenching heat treatment technique in treatment process of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a kind of schematic diagram of tempering heat treatment process in treatment process of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the organization chart of chrome alloy cast iron after softening annealing thermal treatment process, quenching heat treatment technique and tempering heat treatment process, can be found out by it, and its weave construction is eutectic carbides+proeutectoid carbide+martensite+retained austenite.
Fig. 6 is that the present invention is applied to specific product---a kind of shape assumption diagram of underflow pump cheater plate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, optimal way of the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
The concrete steps of preparation are:
Step 1, be first the phosphorus of the carbon of 2.6wt%, the chromium of 27wt%, the silicon of 0.4wt%, the manganese of 1wt%, the nickel of 0.2wt%, the copper of 1.0wt%, the vanadium of 0.05wt%, the sulphur of 0.03wt% and 0.05wt% by component and content, and surplus is that iron mixes mutually, obtain mixture, melting 1.4h at again mixture being placed in 1450 DEG C, obtains molten thing.
Step 2, first according to rare earth ferrosilicon alloy and the glass powder mixing of weight percent to be the ratio of 18wt%:12wt%:58wt%:12wt% by label the be vanadium iron of V401, the ferrotianium of FeTi40-A and xt35, obtains compound modifier; Wherein, compound modifier is particulate state, and its particle diameter is 3mm.Being poured in it by molten thing is placed with in the container of compound modifier again, and wherein, compound modifier is the 0.3wt% of molten thing, obtains molten mixture.
Step 3, is poured into molten mixture in casting mold and cools at 1450 DEG C, obtained chrome alloy cast iron.
Embodiment 2
The concrete steps of preparation are:
Step 1, be first the phosphorus of the carbon of 2.7wt%, the chromium of 26t%, the silicon of 0.45wt%, the manganese of 0.9wt%, the nickel of 0.4wt%, the copper of 0.5wt%, the vanadium of 0.08wt%, the sulphur of 0.35wt% and 0.45wt% by component and content, and surplus is that iron mixes mutually, obtain mixture, melting 1.3h at again mixture being placed in 1475 DEG C, obtains molten thing.
Step 2, first according to rare earth ferrosilicon alloy and the glass powder mixing of weight percent to be the ratio of 19wt%:11wt%:59wt%:11wt% by label the be vanadium iron of V401, the ferrotianium of FeTi40-A and xt35, obtains compound modifier; Wherein, compound modifier is particulate state, and its particle diameter is 3.5mm.Being poured in it by molten thing is placed with in the container of compound modifier again, and wherein, compound modifier is the 0.35wt% of molten thing, obtains molten mixture.
Step 3, is poured into molten mixture in casting mold and cools at 1455 DEG C, obtained chrome alloy cast iron.
Embodiment 3
The concrete steps of preparation are:
Step 1, be first the phosphorus of the carbon of 2.9wt%, the chromium of 25wt%, the silicon of 0.5wt%, the manganese of 0.8wt%, the nickel of 0.6wt%, the copper of 0.1wt%, the vanadium of 0.1wt%, the sulphur of 0.04wt% and 0.04wt% by component and content, and surplus is that iron mixes mutually, obtain mixture, melting 1.2h at again mixture being placed in 1500 DEG C, obtains molten thing.
Step 2, first according to rare earth ferrosilicon alloy and the glass powder mixing of weight percent to be the ratio of 20wt%:10wt%:60wt%:10wt% by label the be vanadium iron of V401, the ferrotianium of FeTi40-A and xt35, obtains compound modifier; Wherein, compound modifier is particulate state, and its particle diameter is 4mm.Being poured in it by molten thing is placed with in the container of compound modifier again, and wherein, compound modifier is the 0.4wt% of molten thing, obtains molten mixture.
Step 3, is poured into molten mixture in casting mold and cools at 1460 DEG C, obtained chrome alloy cast iron.
Embodiment 4
The concrete steps of preparation are:
Step 1, be first the phosphorus of the carbon of 3wt%, the chromium of 24wt%, the silicon of 0.55wt%, the manganese of 0.7wt%, the nickel of 0.8wt%, the copper of 0.08wt%, the vanadium of 0.5wt%, the sulphur of 0.45wt% and 0.35wt% by component and content, and surplus is that iron mixes mutually, obtain mixture, melting 1.1h at again mixture being placed in 1525 DEG C, obtains molten thing.
Step 2, first according to rare earth ferrosilicon alloy and the glass powder mixing of weight percent to be the ratio of 21wt%:9wt%:61wt%:9wt% by label the be vanadium iron of V401, the ferrotianium of FeTi40-A and xt35, obtains compound modifier; Wherein, compound modifier is particulate state, and its particle diameter is 4.5mm.Being poured in it by molten thing is placed with in the container of compound modifier again, and wherein, compound modifier is the 0.45wt% of molten thing, obtains molten mixture.
Step 3, is poured into molten mixture in casting mold and cools at 1465 DEG C, obtained chrome alloy cast iron.
Embodiment 5
The concrete steps of preparation are:
Step 1, be first the phosphorus of the carbon of 3.2wt%, the chromium of 23wt%, the silicon of 0.6wt%, the manganese of 0.6wt%, the nickel of 1.0wt%, the copper of 0.05wt%, the vanadium of 1.0wt%, the sulphur of 0.05wt% and 0.03wt% by component and content, and surplus is that iron mixes mutually, obtain mixture, melting 1h at again mixture being placed in 1550 DEG C, obtains molten thing.
Step 2, first according to rare earth ferrosilicon alloy and the glass powder mixing of weight percent to be the ratio of 22wt%:8wt%:62wt%:8wt% by label the be vanadium iron of V401, the ferrotianium of FeTi40-A and xt35, obtains compound modifier; Wherein, compound modifier is particulate state, and its particle diameter is 5mm.Being poured in it by molten thing is placed with in the container of compound modifier again, and wherein, compound modifier is the 0.5wt% of molten thing, obtains molten mixture.
Step 3, is poured into molten mixture in casting mold and cools at 1470 DEG C, obtained chrome alloy cast iron.
The treatment process of chrome alloy cast iron is,
60 ± 5min at first spray being placed in 220 ± 5 DEG C successively respectively, 60 ± 5min at 240 ± 5 DEG C, 60 ± 5min at 260 ± 5 DEG C, 60 ± 5min at 280 ± 5 DEG C, 60 ± 5min at 300 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 350 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 450 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 500 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 550 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 600 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 650 ± 5 DEG C, 60 ± 5min at 750 ± 5 DEG C, 180 ± 5min softening annealing at 60 ± 5min and 1020 ± 5 DEG C at 850 ± 5 DEG C, wherein, spray is underflow pump cheater plate (also can be water pump impeller or water pump sheath) as shown in Figure 6.Be cooled to room temperature again, obtained the spray softened; Its weave construction as shown in Figure 2.
Afterwards, mechanical workout is carried out to softening spray, obtains shaping foundry goods workpiece
Finally, 120 ± 5min at first shaping foundry goods workpiece being placed in 220 ± 5 DEG C successively respectively, 120 ± 5min at 420 ± 5 DEG C, 180 ± 5min at 650 ± 5 DEG C, at 850 ± 5 DEG C at 120 ± 5min and 1050 ± 5 DEG C after 180 ± 5min heating, be placed in hardening liquid and quench; Wherein, hardening liquid is the trolamine of 0.3 ~ 0.8wt%, the polyethers of 30.5 ~ 31.5wt%, the Sodium Nitrite of 4.5 ~ 5.5wt%, the sodium silicate of 8 ~ 10wt% and surplus are the mixed solution of water, and its pH value is 9 ~ 11, proportion is 1.09 ± 0.02.Cool after 120 ± 5min tempering at being placed on 200 ± 5 DEG C again, obtain the final product of underflow pump cheater plate; Its weave construction as shown in Figure 5.
No matter be that softening annealing thermal treatment is carried out to the spray of chrome alloy cast iron, or shaping foundry goods workpiece is quenched and low-temperaturetempering, as long as in above-mentioned temperature and time, and in the component of each raw material of composition hardening liquid and content, all can realize the object that is softening and underhardening again of chrome alloy cast iron.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various change and modification to chrome alloy cast iron of the present invention and preparation thereof and treatment process and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention.Like this, if belong within the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof to these amendments of the present invention and modification, then the present invention is also intended to comprise these change and modification.
Claims (7)
1. a chrome alloy cast iron, its component and content are:
2. a preparation method for chrome alloy cast iron described in claim 1, adopts smelting process, it is characterized in that completing steps is as follows:
Step 1, be first the phosphorus of the carbon of 2.6 ~ 3.2wt%, the chromium of 23 ~ 27wt%, the silicon of 0.4 ~ 0.6wt%, the manganese of 0.6 ~ 1.0wt%, the nickel of 0.2 ~ 1.0wt%, the copper of 0.05 ~ 1.0wt%, the vanadium of 0.05 ~ 1.0wt%, the sulphur of≤0.05wt% and≤0.05wt% by component and content, and surplus is that iron mixes mutually, obtain mixture, at again mixture being placed in 1450 ~ 1550 DEG C, melting at least 1h, obtains molten thing;
Step 2, first according to rare earth ferrosilicon alloy and the glass powder mixing of weight percent to be the ratio of 18 ~ 22wt%:8 ~ 12wt%:58 ~ 62wt%:8 ~ 12wt% by label the be vanadium iron of V401, the ferrotianium of FeTi40-A and xt35, obtain compound modifier, being poured in it by molten thing is placed with in the container of compound modifier again, wherein, compound modifier is 0.3 ~ 0.5wt% of molten thing, obtains molten mixture;
Step 3, after the cooling of molten mixture, obtained chrome alloy cast iron.
3. the preparation method of chrome alloy cast iron according to claim 2, it is characterized in that compound modifier is particulate state, its particle diameter is 3 ~ 5mm.
4. the preparation method of chrome alloy cast iron according to claim 2, is characterized in that being cooled to being poured in casting mold at 1450 ~ 1470 DEG C by molten mixture and cools.
5. a treatment process for chrome alloy cast iron described in claim 1, comprises the mechanical workout to its spray, it is characterized in that:
60 ± 5min at first spray being placed in 220 ± 5 DEG C successively respectively, 60 ± 5min at 240 ± 5 DEG C, 60 ± 5min at 260 ± 5 DEG C, 60 ± 5min at 280 ± 5 DEG C, 60 ± 5min at 300 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 350 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 450 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 500 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 550 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 600 ± 5 DEG C, 120 ± 5min at 650 ± 5 DEG C, 60 ± 5min at 750 ± 5 DEG C, 180 ± 5min softening annealing at 60 ± 5min and 1020 ± 5 DEG C at 850 ± 5 DEG C, be cooled to room temperature again, obtain the spray softened,
Afterwards, mechanical workout is carried out to softening spray, obtains shaping foundry goods workpiece;
Finally, 120 ± 5min at first shaping foundry goods workpiece being placed in 220 ± 5 DEG C successively respectively, 120 ± 5min at 420 ± 5 DEG C, 180 ± 5min at 650 ± 5 DEG C, after at 850 ± 5 DEG C, at 120 ± 5min and 1050 ± 5 DEG C, 180 ± 5min heats, be placed in hardening liquid to quench, wherein, hardening liquid is the trolamine of 0.3 ~ 0.8wt%, the polyethers of 30.5 ~ 31.5wt%, the Sodium Nitrite of 4.5 ~ 5.5wt%, the sodium silicate of 8 ~ 10wt% and surplus are the mixed solution of water, cool after 120 ± 5min tempering at being placed on 200 ± 5 DEG C again, obtain the final product of chrome alloy cast iron.
6. the treatment process of chrome alloy cast iron according to claim 5, is characterized in that the pH value of hardening liquid is 9 ~ 11, proportion is 1.09 ± 0.02.
7. the treatment process of chrome alloy cast iron according to claim 5, is characterized in that spray is water pump impeller, or water pump sheath, or underflow pump cheater plate.
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| CN105018696A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-11-04 | 宁国市华丰耐磨材料有限公司 | Heat processing technology method of austenitic ductile iron wear-resistant casting |
| CN106893927A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-06-27 | 金华市星球机械铸钢有限公司 | A kind of production technology of antiwear high-chromium cast iron material |
| CN110257697A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-09-20 | 安徽海螺川崎装备制造有限公司 | A kind of grate-cooler grate plate high abrasion heat resistance casting and its casting technique |
| CN113941694A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-01-18 | 四川维珍高新材料有限公司 | Centrifugal casting method of large-caliber wear-resistant cast iron pipe |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105018696A (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2015-11-04 | 宁国市华丰耐磨材料有限公司 | Heat processing technology method of austenitic ductile iron wear-resistant casting |
| CN106893927A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-06-27 | 金华市星球机械铸钢有限公司 | A kind of production technology of antiwear high-chromium cast iron material |
| CN106893927B (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2018-08-07 | 金华市星球机械铸钢有限公司 | A kind of production technology of antiwear high-chromium cast iron material |
| CN110257697A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-09-20 | 安徽海螺川崎装备制造有限公司 | A kind of grate-cooler grate plate high abrasion heat resistance casting and its casting technique |
| CN113941694A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2022-01-18 | 四川维珍高新材料有限公司 | Centrifugal casting method of large-caliber wear-resistant cast iron pipe |
| CN113941694B (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2023-08-11 | 四川维珍高新材料有限公司 | Centrifugal casting method of large-caliber wear-resistant cast iron pipe |
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