CN104492907A - Efficient cryogenic expansion breaking processing method used for positioning faces of connecting rod cover and connecting rod body of high-strength high-toughness steel connecting rod - Google Patents
Efficient cryogenic expansion breaking processing method used for positioning faces of connecting rod cover and connecting rod body of high-strength high-toughness steel connecting rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN104492907A CN104492907A CN201410786945.0A CN201410786945A CN104492907A CN 104492907 A CN104492907 A CN 104492907A CN 201410786945 A CN201410786945 A CN 201410786945A CN 104492907 A CN104492907 A CN 104492907A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D31/00—Other methods for working sheet metal, metal tubes, metal profiles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/16—Heating or cooling
Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient cryogenic expansion breaking processing method used for positioning faces of a connecting rod cover and a connecting rod body of a high-strength high-toughness steel connecting rod. The method includes the steps: 1), adopting a laser processing method to radially process two symmetrically-distributed stress centralizing grooves in two faces of the inner side of a connecting rod big-head hole respectively; 2), placing the high-strength high-toughness steel connecting rod with the stress centralizing grooves processed in a liquid nitrogen storage tank for cryogenic treatment; 3), fixing the high-strength high-toughness steel connecting rod on a machine body of a press machine through a tool, and using a single-side wedge-shaped press head arranged on the press machine to quickly press the connecting rod down into the connecting rod big-head hole to complete expansion breaking of the connecting rod big-head hole. The efficient cryogenic expansion breaking processing method is simple and reasonable in process and high in assemblability of a separating face, positioning errors of the connecting rod cover and the connecting rod body are eliminated, processing procedures are reduced, manpower and material resources are saved, cost is lowered, production efficiency is improved, positioning accuracy of the connecting rod cover and the connecting rod body of the high-strength high-toughness steel connecting rod of a high-power engine can be guaranteed effectively, stress releasing during assembling is avoided, manufacturing quality and reliability are improved, and the problem of manufacturing key parts of the high-power engine is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing method of engine link, be specifically related to the efficient deep cooling method for processing fractured of a kind of connecting rod cap for high-power engine high strength steel connecting rod and gonnecting rod body locating surface.
Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly of Engine Industry and the day by day fierce of competition, engine production enterprise requires more and more higher to the design and manufaction of engine component.Connecting rod is the important spare part in engine, be the tie that crankshaft rotating is moved by piston linear convert reciprocating motion, in engine working process, connecting rod should bear fitted load, needs the gas blow-through pressure suffered by piston to pass to bent axle, in this process simultaneously, bent axle rotates, piston does linear reciprocating motion, and the link motion epidemic situation comparison be between the two is complicated, subjects the power of the various complexity such as very high impulsive force and alternate stress.Engine is the heart of automobile, in order to ensure that " heart " of automobile can steady in a long-term and high efficiency running, this just proposes harsher requirement to the performance of connecting rod, namely, require that connecting rod has high endurance, shock resistance, need again to possess enough intensity, rigidity and good toughness etc.If the rigidity of connecting rod is inadequate, crank pin end pore may be caused to lose circle, so cause big end bearing shell because of oil film breakdown scaling loss; If the rigidity of connecting rod is inadequate, also may produces connecting rod shank flexural deformation, cause piston and cylinder eccentric wear, piston gas bypass, alter wet goods phenomenon.
And the demand of engine is constantly increased along with the mankind, and connecting rod quantity is determined by the number of cylinders of engine in every platform engine, namely how many cylinders are had just to need how many connecting rods, therefore the demand of connecting rod becomes the growth of several times along with engine recruitment, and high-quality, the connecting rod of high rigidity and high strength belongs to difficulty of processing and all very high a kind of part of precision requirement, traditional Machining of Connecting Rod method has complex process, install and remove loaded down with trivial details, percent defective is high, the feature such as less economical, not only need to broach to the faying face of connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body, milling and grinding, also to bore, dowel hole on hinge bowl cover and the bolt hole of connecting rod, need the manufacturing procedure of more finishing machine complexity, and spend a large amount of machining periods.In addition, the connecting rod of traditional handicraft processing, there is certain error in the location of its connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body, after connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body assemble, residual stress is stayed in connecting rod ASSY all the time.After Machining of Connecting Rod, deliver to when assembly line and bent axle assemble and will take connecting rod cap apart, now residual stress discharges, and will produce crank pin end pore metaboly, will affect the performance of engine after installation.And adopting new processing method---deep cooling method for processing fractured can eliminate the position error of connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body, will avoid producing this phenomenon.As can be seen here for producing the connecting rod of high-quality, low cost, realizing harmless fracture and the precise match of connecting rod, studying the swollen disconnected method of efficient connecting rod significant.
Connecting rod due to general engine is all adopt power forging and No. 70 steel forgings.This material fragility is after heat treatment stronger, connecting rod can be made to reach brittle fracture under corresponding tensile force, draw speed effect.And high-power engine is because power is large, rotating speed is high, the high strength steel material that connecting rod all adopts comprehensive mechanical performance high is as 42CrMo.Because the particularity of material property, this material adopts conventional means not realize brittle fracture.Therefore need to develop a kind of efficient deep cooling method for processing fractured for high-power engine high strength steel connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body locating surface, solve the problems such as the manufacture of high-power engine vital part.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide the efficient deep cooling method for processing fractured of a kind of connecting rod cap for high strength steel connecting rod and gonnecting rod body locating surface, have the advantages that manufacturing procedure is simple, cost is low, the positioning precision of high-power engine high strength steel connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body can be guaranteed, produce the connecting rod of high-quality, low cost.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: the efficient deep cooling method for processing fractured of a kind of connecting rod cap for tough steel connecting rod and gonnecting rod body locating surface, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) machining stress concentrates groove controlling curve parting surface directional separation: adopt the method for the Laser Processing stress that two sides radial direction processing two is symmetrical inside crank pin end pore respectively to concentrate groove, stress concentrates the groove depth H of groove between 0.35 ~ 0.45mm, and stress concentrates the bottom wedge angle R value of groove to reduce as far as possible;
2) the above-mentioned stress that processes is concentrated the high strength steel connecting rod of groove to put into nitrogen storage tank to carry out subzero treatment;
3) wedge shape is swollen disconnected fast: be fixed on press body by the high strength steel connecting rod after above-mentioned deep cooling embrittlement by frock, with on forcing press with monolateral wedge shaped pressure head depressed fast enter crank pin end pore, complete crank pin end pore swollen disconnected, now connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body are by distending, swollen fracture concentrates groove swollen disconnected along stress, form random swollen section, connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body rely on swollen section to locate one to one.
As improvement, described stress concentrates the cross section of groove to be V-type, and stress concentrates the groove depth H of groove to be 0.4mm.
As improvement, the temperature of described nitrogen storage tank is-150 ~-190 DEG C, and the subzero treatment time is 1 ~ 5 minute,
Improve, what the monolateral wedge shaped pressure head of described forcing press corresponded to connecting rod small end hole direction is straight flange again, corresponding to crank pin end pore direction while be wedge shape.
Improve again, also expansion set is provided with between described crank pin end pore and monolateral wedge shaped pressure head, expansion set is a pair half round busses, crank pin end pore is set in the top of expansion set, bottom and the body of expansion set are fixed, the involutory rear monolateral wedged hole formed for monolateral wedge shaped pressure head insertion of two and half round busses, be wherein positioned at half round buss and the press body rigid attachment in connecting rod small end hole direction, half round buss being positioned at crank pin end pore direction can relative movement.
Further improvement, described connecting rod small end hole is fixed by aperture locating shaft and body, have between connecting rod small end hole and aperture locating shaft meet swollen disconnected time the space shaken, crank pin end pore adopts three clamping cylinder three faces to be fixedly clamped, and clamping cylinder has certain springback capacity under pressure.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that: concentrate groove by offering stress at the inwall of crank pin end pore, again high strength steel connecting rod is carried out subzero treatment, finally carrying out depressed fast with the monolateral wedge shaped pressure head of forcing press completes swollen disconnected, swollen like this fracture concentrates groove accurate swollen disconnected along stress, form random " hair side " (swollen section), this random " hair side " can make gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap be in best state of coincideing when assembling, connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body is made to rely on " hair side " to locate one to one, positioning precision is very high, and the thick of connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body locating surface can be cancelled, finishing step.Compared with traditional diamond-making technique, present invention process advantages of simple, the assembling capacity of parting surface is high, eliminate the position error of connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body, make the positioning precision of connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body high, also reduce manufacturing procedure in addition and save man power and material, reduce cost, improve production efficiency, effectively can guarantee the positioning precision of high-power engine high strength steel connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body, and there is not the release of stress during assembling, ensure and improve high-power engine performance, shorten the lead time, improve workmanship, reliability, solve the problems such as the manufacture of high-power engine vital part, meet modern technologies demand.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is high strength steel connecting rod of the present invention swollen disconnected structural representation in process engineering;
Fig. 2 of the present inventionly offers the structural representation that stress concentrates the high strength steel connecting rod of groove;
Fig. 3 is the side view of Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged drawing that in Fig. 2, stress concentrates groove region A;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of expansion set in Fig. 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ 5, the connecting rod cap for high-power engine high strength steel connecting rod of the present embodiment and the efficient deep cooling method for processing fractured of gonnecting rod body locating surface, first concentrate groove 12 by the method for Laser Processing at the stress that the two sides, inner side of crank pin end pore 11 radial direction processing two is symmetrical, stress concentrates groove 12 cross section V-shaped, stress concentrates the groove depth H of groove 12 to be 0.4mm, stress concentrates the bottom wedge angle R value of groove 12 to reduce as far as possible, makes stress localization effects good, then by processing stress, to concentrate the connecting rod of groove 12 to put into temperature be that the nitrogen storage tank of-150 ~-190 DEG C carries out subzero treatment 1 ~ 5 minute, realize its brittle deformation, finally high strength steel connecting rod is fixed on press body by frock, wherein connecting rod small end hole 13 is fixed by aperture locating shaft 5 and body, have between connecting rod small end hole 13 and aperture locating shaft 5 meet swollen disconnected time the space shaken, crank pin end pore 11 adopts three clamping cylinder 6 three faces to be fixedly clamped, and clamping cylinder 6 has certain springback capacity under pressure, after connecting rod is fixing, then with on forcing press with monolateral wedge shaped pressure head 3 depressed fast enter crank pin end pore 11, monolateral wedge shaped pressure head 3 be correspond to connecting rod small end hole 13 direction over there for straight flange, corresponding to crank pin end pore 11 direction is the structure of wedge shape over there, an expansion set 4 is also provided with between crank pin end pore 11 and monolateral wedge shaped pressure head 3, expansion set 4 is a pair half round busses 41 and 42, the top of half round buss 41 and 42 is plugged in crank pin end pore 11, bottom and body are fixed, the involutory rear monolateral wedged hole formed for monolateral wedge shaped pressure head 3 insertion of half round buss 41 and 42, wherein correspond to half round buss 41 and the press body rigid attachment in connecting rod small end hole 13 direction, half round buss 42 corresponding to crank pin end pore 11 direction can relative movement, when monolateral wedge shaped pressure head 3 moves down fast, the suitable radial load strutted and downward impulsive force are produced to crank pin end pore 11, form stress owing to concentrating groove 12 place at stress to concentrate, along with the increase of radial load, high strength steel connecting rod cap 2 and high strength steel gonnecting rod body 1 are by distending, swollen fracture concentrates groove 12 accurate swollen disconnected along stress, form random " hair side " (swollen section), the characteristic of this random " hair side " (swollen section) can make connecting rod cap 2 and gonnecting rod body 1 be in best state of coincideing when assembling.Connecting rod cap 2 and gonnecting rod body 1 rely on " hair side " (swollen section) to locate one to one, and positioning precision is very high, and can cancel the Roughing and fine machining operation of connecting rod cap 2 and gonnecting rod body 1 locating surface.Connecting rod cap 2 and gonnecting rod body 1 repetitive positioning accuracy that the connecting rod of the high strength steel material of the present embodiment is swollen has no progeny can reach 0.005mm.
Below with regard to the principle explanation for further analysis of processing method of the present invention.
The efficient deep cooling method for processing fractured of a kind of connecting rod cap for high-power engine high strength steel connecting rod and gonnecting rod body locating surface, mainly be divided into following three phases: 1., machining stress concentrates groove controlling curve parting surface directional separation, 2., the deep cooling embrittlement of high strength steel, 3., fast wedge shape is swollen disconnected.
1., machining stress concentrates groove controlling curve parting surface directional separation
Stress concentrates groove to be the swollen disconnected initial crack source of connecting rod, swollen disconnected time under radial compression applied, due to stress concentration effect, crackle first generates and outwards directed expansion from here, until connecting rod is complete swollen disconnected, so, stress concentrate the crudy of groove to swollen disconnected power and swollen disconnected quality influence very large.Therefore, adopt the method for Laser Processing respectively inside crank pin end pore two sides process two symmetrical stress and concentrate groove.Ensure that stress concentrates the size of the shallow H of groove depth and wedge angle R, effectively avoid machining to cause stress to concentrate the shallow H of groove depth and the inconsistent problem of wedge angle R size because of tool wear.As shown in the figure:
In the ideal situation, stress concentrates that the wedge angle R of groove is less and groove depth H is larger, and stress localization effects is better, and required swollen disconnected power is less, and swollen disconnected effect is better.But in fact, wedge angle R can not be zero, in the conceived case, should reduce R value as far as possible.Owing to being subject to the restriction of Machining of Connecting Rod technique, H value can not be too large.H value is determined for about 0.4mm for best according to the material of connecting rod.
Therefore, stress concentrates groove under guarantee groove depth H is the prerequisite of 0.4mm, reduce wedge angle R value as much as possible, more be conducive to the realization of the swollen disconnected process of connecting rod, can well ensure in swollen disconnected process the directional separation of curve parting surface and swollen curve parting surface of having no progeny form the quality of " hair side " that concave-convex surface differs, thus effectively ensure that the positioning precision of connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body.
2., the deep cooling embrittlement of high strength steel
Due to high strength steel connecting rod swollen disconnected time composition surface plastic deformation relatively large, fall flat, will start with from the mechanical performance changing high strength steel material.Through theoretical research analysis and test, find metal material through deep cooling cross cold after its ductile strength to reduce greatly and fragility increases, recover after normal temperature, the properties of material all returns to ortho states again.So apply this deep cooling, to cross cold shortization method be solve high strength steel connecting rod fragility swollen disconnected effective ways.
Namely the deep cooling embrittlement method of high strength steel connecting rod is concentrated the connecting rod of groove to put into nitrogen storage tank to carry out subzero treatment processing stress, realize brittle deformation, and the selection of cryogenic temperature is crucial, temperature is too low, material is too brittle, swollen disconnected period causes iron filings to come off, and affects next process---the repeatable accuracy that connecting rod is closed.On the other hand, temperature is too high cannot realize brittle target again.So by control the temperature of liquid nitrogen deep, liquid nitrogen deep time chien shih high strength steel material connecting rod ductility reduce, thus be temporarily in brittle state, avoid connecting rod swollen disconnected time there is plastic deformation, and ensure before connecting rod embrittlement and mechanical performance remains unchanged after exiting brittle state.It is swollen disconnected that employing deep cooling embrittlement method can guarantee that connecting rod realizes fragility, ensure that the precision of connecting rod resetting.The deep cooling embrittlement processing time of high strength steel and temperature as follows:
The deep cooling embrittlement processing time: 1 ~ 5 minute
Deep cooling embrittlement treatment temperature :-150 ~-190 DEG C
3., wedge shape is swollen disconnected fast
Have no progeny because high strength steel connecting rod is swollen at normal temperatures, its geometrical variations is comparatively large, and swollen disconnected power is also large, so this material is not suitable for swollen disconnected at normal temperatures.
Now process stress concentrate groove and cross the taking-up of the high strength steel connecting rod after cold treatment by liquid nitrogen deep, be installed to pressure and be not less than on the forcing press of 38.7 tons.
Consider connecting rod swollen disconnected time to produce vibrations, therefore aperture locating shaft and connecting rod small end hole must have very large gap.In order to ensure safety, crank pin end pore adopts three clamping cylinders three clamping, swollen disconnected time vibrations the piston rod of clamping cylinder must be made to have a certain amount of contraction, clamping cylinder must have certain springback capacity under crunch effect, is conducive to the realization of swollen disconnected process like this.
Forcing press presses down crank pin end pore with wedge shaped pressure head.At present, be pressed with under forcing press wedge shaped pressure head and slowly press down and depressed fast two kinds of methods, the experiment proved that when forcing press wedge shaped pressure head slowly presses down, the impulsive force pressing down slowly generation downwards due to pressure head is less, the swollen mark of break of swollen generation of having no progeny is irregular, its geometrical variations is comparatively large, and swollen disconnected effect is bad; When forcing press wedge shaped pressure head depressed fast, due to pressure head depressed fast, the impulsive force produced downwards is comparatively large, and the swollen swollen mark of break rule produced of having no progeny, its geometrical variations is little, and swollen disconnected effect is better.
Forcing press wedge shaped pressure head adopts monolateral wedge shape, namely little head bore direction is straight over there, big end hole direction be wedge shape over there, so both reduced swollen disconnected time connecting rod small end hole stressed, alleviate again the burden of swollen oil-break cylinder, can also avoid swollen disconnected power excessive complete crank pin end pore swollen disconnected while, cause the damage of connecting rod small end hole.Also have expansion set between crank pin end pore and wedge shaped pressure head, expansion set is made up of two and half round busses, half round buss in little head bore direction and body rigid attachment, and half round buss in big end hole direction can relative movement, thus alleviates the stressed of connecting rod small end hole.
So forcing press wedge shaped pressure head adopts the method for depressed fast to move down enter crank pin end pore, when pressure head moves down, the suitable radial load strutted is produced to crank pin end pore, radial load concentrates groove place to form stress concentration effect at stress, along with the increase of radial load, gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap are by distending, swollen fracture concentrates groove accurate swollen disconnected along stress, forms random " hair side " (swollen section).The characteristic of this random " hair side " (swollen section) can make gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap be in best state of coincideing when assembling.Connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body rely on " hair side " (swollen section) to locate one to one, and positioning precision is very high, and can cancel the Roughing and fine machining operation of connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body locating surface.
The high-power engine high strength steel connecting rod adopting processing method of the present invention to process, effectively can guarantee the connecting rod cap of high-power engine high strength steel connecting rod and the positioning precision of gonnecting rod body, and there is not the release of stress during assembling, ensure and improve high-power engine performance, shorten the lead time, improve workmanship, reliability, solve the problems such as the manufacture of high-power engine vital part, meet modern technologies demand.
Claims (6)
1., for the connecting rod cap of high strength steel connecting rod and an efficient deep cooling method for processing fractured for gonnecting rod body locating surface, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) machining stress concentrates groove controlling curve parting surface directional separation: adopt the method for the Laser Processing stress that two sides radial direction processing two is symmetrical inside crank pin end pore respectively to concentrate groove, stress concentrates the groove depth H of groove between 0.35 ~ 0.45mm, and stress concentrates the bottom wedge angle R value of groove to reduce as far as possible;
2) the above-mentioned stress that processes is concentrated the high strength steel connecting rod of groove to put into nitrogen storage tank to carry out subzero treatment;
3) wedge shape is swollen disconnected fast: be fixed on press body by the high strength steel connecting rod after above-mentioned deep cooling embrittlement by frock, with on forcing press with monolateral wedge shaped pressure head depressed fast enter crank pin end pore, complete crank pin end pore swollen disconnected, now connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body are by distending, swollen fracture concentrates groove swollen disconnected along stress, form random swollen section, connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body rely on swollen section to locate one to one.
2. processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described stress concentrates the cross section of groove to be V-type, and stress concentrates the groove depth H of groove to be 0.4mm.
3. processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the temperature of described nitrogen storage tank is-150 ~-190 DEG C, and the subzero treatment time is 1 ~ 5 minute.
4. processing method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: what the monolateral wedge shaped pressure head of described forcing press corresponded to connecting rod small end hole direction is straight flange, corresponding to crank pin end pore direction while be wedge shape.
5. processing method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: between described crank pin end pore and monolateral wedge shaped pressure head, be also provided with expansion set, expansion set is a pair half round busses, crank pin end pore is set in the top of expansion set, bottom and the body of expansion set are fixed, the involutory rear monolateral wedged hole formed for monolateral wedge shaped pressure head insertion of two and half round busses, be wherein positioned at half round buss and the press body rigid attachment in connecting rod small end hole direction, half round buss being positioned at crank pin end pore direction can relative movement.
6. processing method according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: described connecting rod small end hole is fixed by aperture locating shaft and body, have between connecting rod small end hole and aperture locating shaft meet swollen disconnected time the space shaken, crank pin end pore adopts three clamping cylinder three faces to be fixedly clamped, and clamping cylinder has certain springback capacity under pressure.
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| CN201410786945.0A CN104492907A (en) | 2014-12-17 | 2014-12-17 | Efficient cryogenic expansion breaking processing method used for positioning faces of connecting rod cover and connecting rod body of high-strength high-toughness steel connecting rod |
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| CN201410786945.0A CN104492907A (en) | 2014-12-17 | 2014-12-17 | Efficient cryogenic expansion breaking processing method used for positioning faces of connecting rod cover and connecting rod body of high-strength high-toughness steel connecting rod |
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