CN104484514B - A kind of elastic public bus network method for designing for evading congested link - Google Patents
A kind of elastic public bus network method for designing for evading congested link Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of elastic public bus network method for designing for evading congested link, road network topology is considered in the method for designing, traffic control, road traffic flow, routing behavior etc. concerns road traffic system component (road, car, people) mass action, for identical numbering public bus network, on the premise of origin and destination and most of driving path are not changed, vehicle transition website on the way is set up with regard to some congested links, obtain effectively substituting public bus network network, and the optimal effective replacement public transport line of selection one replaces original public bus network as elastic public bus network in effectively public bus network network is substituted, make what public transit vehicle can be autonomous during operation to avoid congested link, reduce trip duration of the passenger in bus and ensure the minimum ground traveling value added of passenger；Advantage is the operational efficiency and service level that improve bus operation system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of public bus network method for designing, more particularly, to a kind of elastic public transport line for evading congested link
Road method for designing.
Background technology
Bus operation system is essential important traffic and transportation system in current urban life, in bus operation system
Each public transit vehicle transport passenger according to each website of set public bus network approach.Because Chinese Urbanization paces are fast, population is close
Degree, vehicle flowrate and the volume of the flow of passengers are larger, and during actual bus operation, many public bus networks often occur road congestion
Situation, public transit vehicle can not flexibly change driving path according to road traffic condition, when thereby increasing the transport of public transit vehicle
Between and passenger go on a journey duration, bus operation running efficiency of system drastically declines.
According to bus trip Investigation of willingness, 47.6% private car owner is ready to take pubic transport in off-peak period,
12% private car owner is ready to take pubic transport in peak period, peak period be reluctant the respondent that takes bus to
Description below is gone out：Peak period public transit vehicle inner city by way of the very congestion of some websites, cause waste of time,
Therefore selection private car is more willing to get around congested link to reduce trip duration.
In view of this, a kind of elastic public bus network method for designing for evading congested link is designed, makes public transit vehicle in operation process
In can independently avoid congested link, to improve bus operation system operational efficiency and service level, advocate public transport green
Environmental protection trip is significant.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of elastic public bus network method for designing for evading congested link,
The method replaces set original public bus network using elastic public bus network, makes the public transit vehicle can be autonomous during operation
Congested link is avoided, the operational efficiency and service level of bus operation system is improve.
The present invention solve the technical scheme that is used of above-mentioned technical problem for：A kind of elastic public transport line for evading congested link
Road method for designing, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：By OpenStreetMap increase income website download topology of city road network Shapefile vector files；It is logical
Cross the current traffic flow that video detector obtains each section of city, the current traffic flow in section refer to the section from it is current when
Between start in the past in 15 minutes the magnitude of traffic flow；The dynamic traffic demand in city is obtained from Bureau of Urban Planning；Shapefile is sweared
In amount file, the current traffic flow in each section and dynamic traffic demand input VISTA softwares, operation VISTA softwares are obtained respectively
Shown in the following Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment flow in individual section, such as formula (1)：
In formula (1), current time is started following every 15 minutes as a period, ya,tIt is section a from current time
Start the Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment flow in following 1st period to t-th period, xaIt is the current traffic flow of section a, qω,τ
Represent the dynamic traffic demand that following the τ period produce from origin and destination to ω；It is the element for constituting traffic assignation matrix,
The quantity of section a, traffic are reached in representing demand of the following the τ period from origin and destination to ω in following t-th period
Allocation matrix represent certain period road section traffic volume flow from specific time period origin and destination to the homography of the magnitude of traffic flow, by
VISTA running softwares are obtained；W represents origin and destination to set, and W is obtained from the dynamic traffic demand in city；
Step 2：Free flow travel time, basic capacity and the intersection signal in each section are obtained from urban transportation committee
Lamp split, calculates the unit length travel time that following each period vehicle runs on each section, computing formula such as public affairs
Shown in formula (2)：
In formula (2), Ta,tBe the unit length travel time of vehicle on section a in following t-th period, unit be the second/
Kilometer；uaIt it is the free flow travel time on a of section, unit is second/kilometer；J is delay parameter, and j=p × k, p are caused for delay
Because of the closeness of element, p is obtained in Shapefile vector files, and k represents that vehicle reaches the randomness water with service process
Flat, in non-signal intersection, k values are 1, are 0.5 in signalized intersections k values；δ is flow analysis time span, is 1 hour；It is the wagon flow service level on t-th period section a,QaIt is the basic capacity of section a, with
Car/hour is unit；λaIt is the split of section a；ya,tUnit be car/hour；
Step 3：All original public transport origin and destination pair are circulated, following each period vehicle obtained according to step 2 is at each
The unit length travel time run on section, public bus network is substituted for all original public bus networks build, detailed process is as follows
It is described：
Step 3.1：With original public bus network as baseline, the area that the original public bus network both sides vertical range is v meters is chosen
The basic network of the road network included in the range of domain alternately public bus network, the basic network of alternative public bus network is referred to as
Alternative road network, 500≤v≤1000；
Step 3.2：According to owning that each alternative public bus network of bar in the congested link alternative road network of punishment principle amendment contains
The unit length travel time of congested link, detailed process is：
Step 3.2.1：Congestion coefficient is designated as ρ, ρ be constant and 100 seconds/kilometer≤ρ≤200 second/kilometer, if a certain
The travel time in section is more than ρ, is judged as this section for congested link, is otherwise non-congested link；
Step 3.2.2：The unit length travel time of all non-congested link contained in original public bus network is set to
0；
Step 3.2.3：Correct the unit length trip of all congested links that alternative public bus network contains in alternative road network
Time：The calculated value of the unit length travel time of the corresponding congested link that step 2 is calculated be added with M after value as
The congested link revised unit length travel time, M=1000；
Step 3.3：For the origin and destination of original public bus network, all alternative public bus networks are chosen on alternative road network, counted
Calculate the travel time and every travel time of alternative public bus network of original public bus network, travel time of original public bus network etc.
The travel time sum in all sections included in original public bus network, every travel time of alternative public bus network is equal to every
The travel time sum in all sections that alternative public bus network is included, every travel time in section is equal to the unit in this section
The length travel time is multiplied by the length in this section；By all alternative public bus networks in alternative road network according to the travel time from it is small to
It is ranked up greatly, the 1st article of alternative public bus network, the 2nd bar of alternative public bus network, the 3rd bar of alternative public transport line is designated as successively
Road ..., the G articles alternative public bus network, wherein G are the total quantity of alternative public bus network；
Step 3.4：The alternative public bus network in alternative road network after by sequence is compared with original public bus network successively,
It is determined that effectively substituting public bus network, detailed process is：
Step 3.4.1：For each origin and destination pair, since the 1st article of alternative public bus network, successively by alternative public bus network
Travel time be compared with the travel time of original public bus network, if the travel time of the alternative public bus network of this is less than
Travel time of original public bus network and current alternative public bus network sequence number is less than J, then carry out the alternative public bus network of latter bar
Travel time and the travel time of original public bus network contrast operation, the rest may be inferred；When going out for the K articles alternative public bus network
When the row time is equal to J more than the travel time of original public bus network or the K articles sequence number of alternative public bus network, then stop ratio
Compared with using K-1 articles of alternative public bus network before the K articles alternative public bus network as effectively replacement public bus network network；Wherein 1≤
K≤J, J are the constant more than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 7；
Step 3.5：Every effectively replacement public bus network and original public bus network divides during public bus network network will effectively be substituted
Analysis is not associated, selects the effective replacement public bus network with optimal relational degree as elastic public bus network, specific steps
It is as described below；
Step 3.5.1：For the original site s, s=1,2 of original public bus network, 3 ..., n, wherein, n is original public transport
The website sum of circuit, the original site s of original public bus network has corresponding transition station in effectively public bus network is substituted
Point, the passenger's travel time additionally produced by relatively following three kinds of transition scheme, by minimum additional passengers travel time correspondence
Website as optimal transition website：
(1) effectively substitute on public bus network from the minimum bus station of original public bus network respective site travel time, (2)
Effectively substitute public bus network on from the minimum intersection of original public bus network respective site travel time, (3) be to belong to original public affairs
Intersection road belongs to around the minimum bus station of the travel time of row line again；
Step 3.5.2：Original site s to i-th of original public bus network is exported from Shapefile vector files effectively
The most short traveling duration of the transition website of public bus network is substituted, wherein i=1,2 ..., K-1 averagely get on or off the bus itself and the website
Ridership is multiplied and obtains comparing ordered series of numbers Di,s, Di,s={ D1,s,D2,s,…,DK,s, the website is averagely got on or off the bus ridership from public transport
Obtained in the database of operation company, for the corresponding D of original site s of original public bus networki,sNormalized using following formula：
Wherein, Δ is the minimum value in all effective comparing ordered series of numbers for substituting public bus network,It is all effective replacement public transport
Maximum in the comparing ordered series of numbers of circuit, show that i-th effectively substitutes s-th website correspondence incidence coefficient ξ of public bus networki,sSuch as
Following formula：
Wherein, m is resolution ratio, is the constant between 0~1；
Step 3.5.3：The degree of association for i-th effectively being substituted public bus network is designated as ri, i=1,2 ..., K-1, riSolve public
Formula is as follows：
Step 3.5.4：Choose and effectively substitute r in public bus network networkiThat maximum effectively substitutes public bus network conduct
The elastic public bus network to be used.
After elastic public bus network is determined, by intelligent public transportation system by bus driver according to elastic public bus network
Operation, and in the original public bus network site location that elastic public bus network is no longer pass through, previous headway is carried by electricity
Son display mark issue public bus network website Notification of Changes；Thus allow the passenger for taking respective lines to go to other website to multiply
Car, the inconvenience that reduction is caused to passenger.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that having considered road network topology, traffic control, road traffic
Stream, routing behavior etc. concern the mass action of road traffic system component (road, car, people), for identical numbering public transport line
Road, on the premise of origin and destination and most of driving path are not changed, on the way sets up vehicle transition station with regard to some congested links
Point, obtains effectively substituting public bus network network, and the optimal effective replacement of selection one is public in effectively public bus network network is substituted
Intersection replaces original public bus network as elastic public bus network, and avoiding of making that public transit vehicle can be autonomous during operation is gathered around
Stifled section, reduces trip duration of the passenger in bus and ensures the minimum ground traveling value added of passenger, improves public transport fortune
The operational efficiency and service level of battalion's system.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of elastic public bus network method for designing for evading congested link of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the internal process figure that VISTA softwares obtain Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment flow；
Fig. 3 is the coil and video detection figure of present situation magnitude of traffic flow collection；
Fig. 4 is the line alignment figure on the tunnel of Ningbo public transport 367 in case；
Fig. 5 is alternative road network in the range of 800 meters of original public bus network periphery (containing section numbering and name of bus stop)；
Fig. 6 is three kinds of schematic diagrames of form of relevant bus station migration；
Fig. 7 is optimal replacement public bus network traveling and website artwork；
Fig. 8 is the issue figure on the electronic information board of case Zhong Jingjia roads bus station about Web Tra nsition information.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment.
Embodiment：As shown in figure 1, a kind of elastic public bus network method for designing for evading congested link, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：By OpenStreetMap increase income website download topology of city road network Shapefile vector files；It is logical
Cross the current traffic flow that video detector obtains each section of city, the current traffic flow in section refer to the section from it is current when
Between start in the past in 15 minutes the magnitude of traffic flow；The dynamic traffic demand in city is obtained from Bureau of Urban Planning；Shapefile is sweared
In amount file, the current traffic flow in each section and dynamic traffic demand input VISTA softwares, operation VISTA softwares are obtained respectively
Shown in the following Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment flow in individual section, such as formula (1)：
In formula (1), current time is started following every 15 minutes as a period, ya,tIt is section a from current time
Start the Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment flow in following 1st period to t-th period, xaIt is the current traffic flow of section a, qω,τ
Represent the dynamic traffic demand that following the τ period produce from origin and destination to ω；It is the element for constituting traffic assignation matrix,
The quantity of section a, traffic are reached in representing demand of the following the τ period from origin and destination to ω in following t-th period
Allocation matrix represent certain period road section traffic volume flow from specific time period origin and destination to the homography of the magnitude of traffic flow,
VISTA software inhouses are according to the path shunt ratio optimization based on the progressive alternate method of average (MSA) and based on the transmission of section cellular
The mutual iteration theorem of traffic flow simulation of model (LTM) and push away to obtain traffic assignation matrix；W represents origin and destination to set, and W is from city
Obtained in dynamic traffic demand；
Step 2：Free flow travel time, basic capacity and the intersection signal in each section are obtained from urban transportation committee
Lamp split, calculates the unit length travel time that following each period vehicle runs on each section, and computing formula is used
Akcelik Impedance Functions (advantage of this Impedance Function is to cope with many species saturation situations in intersection), such as formula (2) institute
Show：
In formula (2), Ta,tBe the unit length travel time of vehicle on section a in following t-th period, unit be the second/
Kilometer；uaIt it is the free flow travel time on a of section, unit is second/kilometer；J is delay parameter, and j=p × k, p are caused for delay
Because of the closeness of element, p is obtained in Shapefile vector files, and k represents that vehicle reaches the randomness water with service process
Flat, in non-signal intersection, k values are 1, are 0.5 in signalized intersections k values；δ is flow analysis time span, is 1 hour；It is the wagon flow service level on t-th period section a,QaIt is the basic capacity of section a, with
Car/hour is unit；λaIt is the split of section a；ya,tUnit be car/hour；
Step 3：All original public transport origin and destination pair are circulated, following each period vehicle obtained according to step 2 is at each
The unit length travel time run on section, public bus network is substituted for all original public bus networks build, detailed process is as follows
It is described：
Step 3.1：With original public bus network as baseline, the area that the original public bus network both sides vertical range is v meters is chosen
The basic network of the road network included in the range of domain alternately public bus network, the basic network of alternative public bus network is referred to as
Alternative road network, v is limited by passenger and is subjected to distance travelled and road network actual density constraint, 500≤v≤1000；
Step 3.2：In order to allow replacement public bus network to meet and should again evade by way of the non-congested link of original public bus network
The double goal of congested link, according to the institute that each alternative public bus network of bar in the congested link alternative road network of punishment principle amendment contains
There is the unit length travel time of congested link, detailed process is：
Step 3.2.1：Congestion coefficient is designated as ρ, ρ be constant and 100 seconds/kilometer≤ρ≤200 second/kilometer, if a certain
The travel time in section is more than ρ, is judged as this section for congested link, is otherwise non-congested link；
Step 3.2.2：The unit length travel time of all non-congested link contained in original public bus network is set to
0；
Step 3.2.3：Correct the unit length trip of all congested links that alternative public bus network contains in alternative road network
Time：The calculated value of the unit length travel time of the corresponding congested link that step 2 is calculated be added with M after value as
Thus the congested link revised unit length travel time, M=1000 reduces congested link and is chosen to enter replacement public transport
The probability of circuit；
Step 3.3：For the origin and destination of original public bus network, all alternative public bus networks are chosen on alternative road network, counted
Calculate the travel time and every travel time of alternative public bus network of original public bus network, travel time of original public bus network etc.
The travel time sum in all sections included in original public bus network, every travel time of alternative public bus network is equal to every
The travel time sum in all sections that alternative public bus network is included, every travel time in section is equal to the unit in this section
The length travel time is multiplied by the length in this section；By all alternative public bus networks in alternative road network according to the travel time from it is small to
It is ranked up greatly, the 1st article of alternative public bus network, the 2nd bar of alternative public bus network, the 3rd bar of alternative public transport line is designated as successively
Road ..., the G articles alternative public bus network, wherein G are the total quantity of alternative public bus network；
Step 3.4：The alternative public bus network in alternative road network after by sequence is compared with original public bus network successively,
It is determined that effectively substituting public bus network, detailed process is：
Step 3.4.1：For each origin and destination pair, since the 1st article of alternative public bus network, successively by alternative public bus network
Travel time be compared with the travel time of original public bus network, if the travel time of the alternative public bus network of this is less than
Travel time of original public bus network and current alternative public bus network sequence number is less than J, then carry out the alternative public bus network of latter bar
Travel time and the travel time of original public bus network contrast operation, the rest may be inferred；When going out for the K articles alternative public bus network
The row time stops when being equal to J more than the travel time of original public bus network or the K articles sequence number of alternative public bus network, then stop
Only compare, using K-1 articles of alternative public bus network before the K articles alternative public bus network as effectively replacement public bus network network；Its
In 1≤K≤G, J is the constant more than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 7；
Step 3.5：Because the optimization aim of public bus network is not intended to find shortest path, but take into account most passengers
Go out it is accommodating laid, therefore original public bus network is frequently not shortest path between origin and destination, but considers website clothes
The compromise selection of business coverage and lines service quality；For the trend being consistent with original public bus network, by using
Gray relative analysis method, every effectively replacement public bus network is distinguished with original public bus network in effectively substituting public bus network network
Analysis is associated, the effective replacement public bus network with optimal relational degree is selected as elastic public bus network, specific steps are such as
It is lower described；
Step 3.5.1：For the original site s, s=1,2 of original public bus network, 3 ..., n, wherein, n is original public transport
The website sum of circuit, the original site s of original public bus network has corresponding transition station in effectively public bus network is substituted
Point, the passenger's travel time additionally produced by relatively following three kinds of transition scheme, by minimum additional passengers travel time correspondence
Website as optimal transition website：
(1) effectively substitute on public bus network from the minimum bus station of original public bus network respective site travel time, (2)
Effectively substitute public bus network on from the minimum intersection of original public bus network respective site travel time, (3) be to belong to original public affairs
Intersection road belongs to around the minimum bus station of the travel time of row line again；
Step 3.5.2：Original site s to i-th of original public bus network is exported from Shapefile vector files effectively
The most short traveling duration of the transition website of public bus network is substituted, wherein i=1,2 ..., K-1 averagely get on or off the bus itself and the website
Ridership is multiplied and obtains comparing ordered series of numbers Di,s, Di,s={ D1,s,D2,s,…,DK,s, the website is averagely got on or off the bus ridership from public transport
Obtained in the database of operation company, for the corresponding D of original site s of original public bus networki,sNormalized using following formula：
Wherein, Δ is the minimum value in all effective comparing ordered series of numbers for substituting public bus network,For all effective replacements are public
Maximum in the comparing ordered series of numbers on intersection road, show that i-th effectively substitutes s-th website correspondence incidence coefficient ξ of public bus networki,s
Such as following formula：
Wherein, m is resolution ratio, is the constant between 0~1；
Step 3.5.3：The degree of association for i-th effectively being substituted public bus network is designated as ri, i=1,2 ..., K-1, riSolve public
Formula is as follows：
Step 3.5.4：Choose and effectively substitute r in public bus network networkiThat maximum effectively substitutes public bus network conduct
The elastic public bus network to be used；
Step 4：After elastic public bus network is determined, by intelligent public transportation system by bus driver according to elastic public
Intersection road is run, and the original public bus network site location being no longer pass through in elastic public bus network, when carrying the previous departure interval
Between by electronical display mark issue public bus network website Notification of Changes.
In the present invention, Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment can be fitted the real-time fluctuations rule of road grid traffic flow, then can instruct daily
Real-time traffic management includes that the congestion based on intelligent traffic guidance systems is controlled.What Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment was paid close attention to focuses on result
Authenticity and solution efficiency, because it is directly used in the real-time traffic administration of guidance, the computing of the information and time-out of mistake is all
There is no application market.This core link angle is loaded from traffic flow to understand main You Liangge branches --- it is continuous and discrete
Type Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment.The former sets up variational inequality or Fixed-point equation by majority based on cybernatic thought, during solution still
Time discretization is needed to obtain state variable, but the determination problem of control parameter is hanged and is not solved, it is impossible to always ensure solution
Convergence, even if therefore also less in terms of several combination road networks in section seeing application.The latter can be described as one and intend dynamic
Distribution, but not simple superposition of the static traffic distribution flow on time dimension, it actually have also contemplated that time and space
Upper flow influences each other, and only increases the discrete division of chronomere in order to the actual relationship expression between variable, can be with
Arriving first of being run into when flow is loaded first go out the problems such as rule, capacity consistency, overflow and be presented apparent, and solution gets up can more have
Put arrow, therefore many Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment softwares are all based on discrete type branch and develop, and generally rise in colleges and universities and research
Institute, VISTA is exactly therein a.The solution procedure of the software be substantially progressively Average Iteration (MSA) method search most it is short go out
Walking along the street footpath and section Cell Transmission Model (LTM) emulator emulate the process of the real road continuous iteration of flow running status, mistake
Journey is as shown in Fig. 2 each paths shunt ratio for being obtained for MSA methods, real road flow is emulated using LTM emulators
Running status, then uses MSA method path optimizing shunt ratios according to currently emulating the vehicle flow that obtains, and so on directly
To final dynamic traffic changes in flow rate meets requirement (difference in flow is less than the ε that policymaker gives), output above-mentioned formula is wanted
The dynamic traffic flow asked.
The time-varying traffic that the alternative road network road traffic flow of the present embodiment is come from on-site investigation, therefore alternative road network is accounted for
The amount of having is all identical in each period.Current time is carried out using the road coil checker shown in Fig. 3 to start in past 15 minutes
By the magnitude of traffic flow in each bar section：For any section a on alternative road network, the detection coil or video detector of its upstream
Vehicle to passing through carries out detection counting, obtains current time and starts to add up to enter the vehicle number of section a in the past in 15 minutes, most
Whole vehicle flowrate is x after being converted through the unit intervala；Assuming that the dynamic traffic wagon flow value of the final following arbitrary period for obtaining is as follows
Shown in form, wherein, row are section numberings, come from Fig. 5；For the Akcelik Impedance Functions being used in follow-up formula (2),
Vehicle flowrate unit has been converted into car/hour.
| Section | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Vehicle flowrate | 532 | 463 | 478 | 696 | 1582 | 657 | 544 | 735 |
| Section | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| Vehicle flowrate | 668 | 306 | 387 | 1434 | 564 | 679 | 688 | 644 |
| Section | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
| Vehicle flowrate | 337 | 750 | 794 | 651 | 1402 | 583 | 429 | 441 |
| Section | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 |
| Vehicle flowrate | 675 | 532 | 435 | 431 | 664 | 739 | 323 | 399 |
According to split, the traffic capacity in the every section for obtaining, with reference to above-mentioned section vehicle flowrate, Akcelik roads are used
Damping function formula obtains the unit mileage travel time in each period each bar section, after being multiplied with real section length, during trip
Between result (unit is the second) it is as shown in the table.
| Section | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Travel time | 118 | 113 | 151 | 154 | 453 | 93 | 123 | 119 |
| Section | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| Travel time | 470 | 139 | 145 | 371 | 150 | 102 | 142 | 273 |
| Section | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
| Travel time | 140 | 275 | 91 | 301 | 441 | 86 | 124 | 170 |
| Section | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 |
| Travel time | 109 | 133 | 97 | 150 | 100 | 301 | 125 | 144 |
In the present embodiment, using the Ningbo City's public bus network 367 shown in Fig. 4 as case.Close to original position and connecing
The part circuit in nearly final position does not do circuit change optimization, and reason has three：(1) these section peak period congestions it is less go out
Existing, corresponding public transport is early arrived or the phenomenon of late website is few, it is ensured that public transport punctuality rate higher and customer service level (CSL)；
(2) closely place is difficult to find that alternative route on periphery.Peak only is carried out to the part circuit by Jiangdong District core position herein
Period circuit is detoured, and part public bus network thick lines to be adjusted are marked as shown in Figure 5.The road network that Fig. 5 does not tint can be made
Alternative road network, it is in the range of 800 meters of public bus network periphery (v=800 meters), and section side numeral denotes section numbering, public
Hand over website and its title that mark is also given in first original circuit.ρ is taken as 100 seconds/kilometer, with every alternative public bus network
The section unit mileage travel time counts, and its numbering of the section of congestion has：5,9,12,16,18,20,21,30.
In step 3.4, K herein is taken as 4, and 3 for ultimately generating shortest path is as shown in the table；Due to each period
Trip duration is equal, so without representing at times.
| Public bus network | Number in section | Travel time (second) |
| 1 | 1,2,6,13,17,14,11,15,22,27,28,29,31,32 | 485 |
| 2 | 1,2,3,7,11,15,22,27,28,29,31,32 | 519 |
| 3 | 1,2,6,10,11,15,22,27,28,29,31,32 | 526 |
In the present embodiment, the corresponding bus station migration effect of original public bus network of several types is as shown in fig. 6, first
Width subgraph corresponds to type of the nearest intersection as interim bus station, the correspondence All other routes bus station conduct of the second width subgraph
The type of interim bus station, adjacent bus station is used as interim bus station on the original public bus network of the 3rd width subgraph correspondence
Type.Resolution ratio m=0.5 is taken, obtaining each bar, alternatively to substitute the incidence coefficient of website on public bus network as shown in the table.
| Impacted website | Donghai Garden | Brocade resentment cell | Jin Yuandong lanes | Bright and beautiful garden Xixiang | Jing Jia roads | Yong Gang Villages |
| Circuit 1 | 0.59 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.69 | 0.61 |
| Circuit 2 | 0.33 | 0.37 | 0.33 | 0.45 | 0.38 | 0.61 |
| Circuit 3 | 0.59 | 0.71 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.38 | 0.61 |
The incidence coefficient average value that each bar alternatively substitutes public bus network is as shown in the table：
| Circuit | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Incidence coefficient average value | 0.82 | 0.41 | 0.53 |
The circuit 1 for most associating is chosen from the above degree of association to be laid as the circuit dispatched a car at that time, traveling path and website
As shown in Figure 7.By taking the original bus station of Jing Jia roads as an example, content is issued when relocating as shown in Figure 8.Information typically has three word groups
Into traveling situation, Web Tra nsition situation, the arrival time prediction of circuit are reported in expression respectively；Wherein, according to public transit system whether
There is intelligent predicting technology, choose whether to show the 3rd content.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of elastic public bus network method for designing for evading congested link, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1：By OpenStreetMap increase income website download topology of city road network Shapefile vector files；By regarding
The current traffic flow in each section of frequency detector acquisition city, the current traffic flow in section refers to that the section is opened from current time
The magnitude of traffic flow begun in the past in 15 minutes；The dynamic traffic demand in city is obtained from Bureau of Urban Planning；By Shapefile vectors text
In part, the current traffic flow in each section and dynamic traffic demand input VISTA softwares, operation VISTA softwares obtain each road
Shown in the following Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment flow of section, such as formula (1)：
In formula (1), current time is started following every 15 minutes as a period, ya,tIt is section a since current time
Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment flow in following 1st period to t-th period, xaIt is the current traffic flow of section a, qω,τRepresent
The dynamic traffic demand that following the τ period produces from origin and destination to ω；It is the element for constituting traffic assignation matrix, represents
Following the τ period reaches the quantity of section a, traffic assignation in the demand from origin and destination to ω in following t-th period
Matrix represent certain period road section traffic volume flow from specific time period origin and destination to the homography of the magnitude of traffic flow, it is soft by VISTA
Part operation is obtained；W represents origin and destination to set, and W is obtained from the dynamic traffic demand in city；
Step 2：Free flow travel time, basic capacity and the Intersections for obtaining each section from urban transportation committee are green
Letter ratio, calculates the unit length travel time that following each period vehicle runs on each section, computing formula such as formula (2)
It is shown：
In formula (2), Ta,tIt it is the unit length travel time of vehicle on section a in following t-th period, unit is second/public affairs
In；uaIt it is the free flow travel time on a of section, unit is second/kilometer；J is delay parameter, and j=p × k, p are delay reason
The closeness of element, p is obtained in Shapefile vector files, and k represents that vehicle reaches the randomness level with service process,
In non-signal intersection, k values are 1, are 0.5 in signalized intersections k values；δ is flow analysis time span, is 1 hour；
It is the wagon flow service level on t-th period section a, QaIt is the basic capacity of section a, with
Car/hour is unit；λaIt is the split of section a；ya,tUnit be car/hour；
Step 3：All original public transport origin and destination pair are circulated, following each period vehicle obtained according to step 2 is in each section
The unit length travel time of upper operation, public bus network is substituted for all original public bus networks build, details are provided below：
Step 3.1：With original public bus network as baseline, the region model that the original public bus network both sides vertical range is v meters is chosen
The basic network of the road network included in enclosing alternately public bus network, the basic network of alternative public bus network is referred to as alternatively
Road network, 500≤v≤1000；
Step 3.2：According to all congestions that each alternative public bus network of bar in the congested link alternative road network of punishment principle amendment contains
The unit length travel time in section, detailed process is：
Step 3.2.1：Congestion coefficient is designated as ρ, ρ be constant and 100 seconds/kilometer≤ρ≤200 second/kilometer, if a certain section
Travel time be more than ρ, be judged as this section for congested link, be otherwise non-congested link；
Step 3.2.2：The unit length travel time of all non-congested link contained in original public bus network is set to 0；
Step 3.2.3：Correct the unit length travel time of all congested links that alternative public bus network contains in alternative road network：
Value after the calculated value of the unit length travel time of the corresponding congested link that step 2 is calculated is added with M is gathered around as this
Stifled section revised unit length travel time, M=1000；
Step 3.3：For the origin and destination of original public bus network, all alternative public bus networks are chosen on alternative road network, calculate former
The travel time of beginning public bus network and every travel time of alternative public bus network, the travel time of original public bus network are equal to original
The travel time sum in all sections that beginning public bus network is included, every travel time of alternative public bus network is equal to every alternatively
The travel time sum in all sections that public bus network is included, every travel time in section is equal to the unit length in this section
Travel time is multiplied by the length in this section；All alternative public bus networks in alternative road network are entered from small to large according to the travel time
Row sequence, be designated as successively the 1st article of alternative public bus network, the 2nd article of alternative public bus network, the 3rd article of alternative public bus network ..., G
The alternative public bus network of bar, wherein G is the total quantity of alternative public bus network；
Step 3.4：The alternative public bus network in alternative road network after by sequence is compared with original public bus network successively, it is determined that
Public bus network is effectively substituted, detailed process is：
Step 3.4.1：For each origin and destination pair, since the 1st article of alternative public bus network, going out alternative public bus network successively
The row time is compared with the travel time of original public bus network, if the travel time of the alternative public bus network of this is less than original
Travel time of public bus network and current alternative public bus network sequence number is less than J, then carry out going out for the alternative public bus network of latter bar
The contrast operation of row time and the travel time of original public bus network, the rest may be inferred；When the trip of the K articles alternative public bus network
Between stop when being equal to J more than the travel time of original public bus network or the K articles sequence number of alternative public bus network, then stop ratio
Compared with using K-1 articles of alternative public bus network before the K articles alternative public bus network as effectively replacement public bus network network；Wherein 1≤
K≤G, J are the constant more than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 7；
Step 3.5：Every effectively replacement public bus network enters respectively with original public bus network during public bus network network will effectively be substituted
Row association analysis, selects the effective replacement public bus network with optimal relational degree as elastic public bus network, comprises the following steps that
It is described；
Step 3.5.1：For the original site s, s=1,2 of original public bus network, 3 ..., n, wherein, n is original public bus network
Website sum, the original site s of original public bus network has corresponding transition website in effectively public bus network is substituted, leads to
Passenger's travel time that relatively following three kinds of transition scheme is additionally produced is crossed, by the corresponding website of minimum additional passengers travel time
As optimal transition website：
(1) effectively substitute from the minimum bus station of original public bus network respective site travel time on public bus network, (2) are effective
Substitute and both belonged to original public transport line from the minimum intersection of original public bus network respective site travel time, (3) on public bus network
Road belongs to around the minimum bus station of the travel time of row line again；
Step 3.5.2：Original site s to i-th that original public bus network is exported from Shapefile vector files effectively substitutes
The most short traveling duration of the transition website of public bus network, wherein i=1,2 ..., K-1 averagely get on or off the bus passenger itself and the website
Number multiplication obtains comparing ordered series of numbers Di,s, Di,s={ D1,s,D2,s,…,DK,s, the website is averagely got on or off the bus ridership from public transport operation
Obtained in the database of company, for the corresponding D of original site s of original public bus networki,sNormalized using following formula：
Wherein, Δ is the minimum value in all effective comparing ordered series of numbers for substituting public bus network,It is all effective replacement public bus networks
Comparing ordered series of numbers in maximum, show that i-th effectively substitutes s-th website of public bus network correspondence incidence coefficient ξi,sSuch as following formula：
Wherein, m is resolution ratio, is the constant between 0~1；
Step 3.5.3：The degree of association for i-th effectively being substituted public bus network is designated as ri, i=1,2 ..., K-1, riSolution formula is such as
Under：
Step 3.5.4：Choose and effectively substitute r in public bus network networkiMaximum that effectively substitutes public bus network as using
Elastic public bus network.
2. a kind of elastic public bus network method for designing for evading congested link according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
After elastic public bus network is determined, run according to elastic public bus network by bus driver by intelligent public transportation system, and
The original public bus network site location that elastic public bus network is no longer pass through, carries previous headway by electronical display mark
Issue public bus network website Notification of Changes.
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| CN107421553A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-12-01 | 深圳市盛路物联通讯技术有限公司 | A kind of intelligent recommendation method and system of traffic path |
| CN108986460B (en) * | 2018-07-11 | 2020-07-28 | 华南理工大学 | Flexible bus stop dynamic classification method |
| JP7147489B2 (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2022-10-05 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Operation control device and operation control method |
| CN109781132B (en) * | 2019-03-14 | 2020-12-01 | 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 | Experience route replacing method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN112581776B (en) * | 2020-12-09 | 2022-07-05 | 中铁建网络信息科技有限公司 | Intelligent traffic scheduling method and device and scheduling center |
| CN112466122B (en) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-06-15 | 深圳市城市交通规划设计研究中心股份有限公司 | Method and device for generating alternative line set and planning line of public traffic line network |
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