CN104484514A - Flexible bus route design method capable of evading jammed road segments - Google Patents
Flexible bus route design method capable of evading jammed road segments Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flexible bus route design method capable of evading jammed road segments. According to the design method, the integral effect of road traffic system components (roads, vehicles and persons) such as road network topology, traffic control, road traffic stream and road selection behavior is taken into consideration; for bus routes with the same number, on the premise of not changing an origin, a destination and most of travelling paths, vehicle transition stations are arranged for some jammed roads on the way additionally to acquire an effective substitute bus route network; an optimal effective substitute bus route is selected from the effective substitute bus route network to serve as a flexible bus route to replace an original bus route, so that buses can automatically evade the jammed road segments during operation, travelling time of passengers in the buses is reduced and minimum ground travelling values added of the passengers are guaranteed. The flexible bus route design method has the advantages that operation efficiency and service level of a bus operation system are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of public bus network method for designing, especially relate to a kind of elasticity public bus network method for designing of evading congested link.
Background technology
Bus operation system is requisite important traffic and transportation system in current urban life, and each public transit vehicle in bus operation system is according to each website passenger-carrying of set public bus network approach.Because Chinese Urbanization paces are fast; the density of population, vehicle flowrate and the volume of the flow of passengers are all larger; in the bus operation process of reality; a lot of public bus network often there will be road congestion situation; public transit vehicle can not change driving path flexibly according to road traffic condition; thereby increase the haulage time of public transit vehicle and passenger to go on a journey duration, bus operation running efficiency of system sharply declines.
According to bus trip Investigation of willingness, the private car owner of 47.6% was ready to take pubic transport in off-peak period, the private car owner of 12% was ready to take pubic transport in peak period, be reluctant that the respondent taken bus gives description below in peak period: peak period public transit vehicle in inner city by way of some websites block up very much, cause waste of time, be therefore more ready to select private car to get around congested link to reduce trip duration.
In view of this, design a kind of elasticity public bus network method for designing of evading congested link, make public transit vehicle independently can avoid congested link in operation process, to the operational efficiency and the service level that improve bus operation system, advocate public transport environmental protection trip significant.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of elasticity public bus network method for designing of evading congested link, the method uses elasticity public bus network to replace set original public bus network, what make that public transit vehicle can be autonomous in operation process avoids congested link, improves operational efficiency and the service level of bus operation system.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above adopted technical scheme: a kind of elasticity public bus network method for designing of evading congested link, comprises the steps:
Step 1: the Shapefile vector file of website download topology of city road network of being increased income by OpenStreetMap; Obtained the current traffic flow in each section, city by video detector, the current traffic flow in section refers to the magnitude of traffic flow of this section from current time in 15 minutes in the past; The dynamic traffic demand in city is obtained from Bureau of Urban Planning; By in the current traffic flow in Shapefile vector file, each section and dynamic traffic demand input VISTA software, run the following Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment flow that VISTA software obtains each section, as shown in formula (1):
In formula (1), ∑ is summation operation symbol, and " " is multiplication symbol, current time is started following every 15 minutes as a period, y
a,tfor section a from current time following 1st period to the Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment flow in t period, x
afor the current traffic flow of section a, q
ω, τrepresent following τ the period from origin and destination to the dynamic traffic demand that ω produces;
it is composition traffic assignation entry of a matrix element, represent following τ the period from origin and destination to the quantity arriving section a in the demand of ω in following t the period, certain period road section traffic volume flow of traffic assignation matrix representation, from the homography of specific time period origin and destination to the magnitude of traffic flow, is obtained by VISTA running software; W represents that origin and destination are to set, and W obtains from the dynamic traffic demand in city;
Step 2: from urban transportation committee obtain each section freely flow out line time, basic capacity and Intersections split, calculate the unit length travel time that each period vehicle following runs on each section, computing formula is as shown in formula (2):
In formula (2), T
a,tfor the unit length travel time of vehicle on section a in following t the period, unit be second/kilometer; u
afor section a freely flows out line time, unit be second/kilometer; J incurs loss through delay parameter, and J=p × k, p are the closeness incuring loss through delay reason element, and p obtains in Shapefile vector file, and k represents the randomness level of vehicle arrival and service process, and being 1 in non-signal crossing k value, is 0.5 in signalized intersections k value; δ is flow analysis time span, is 1 hour;
be the wagon flow service level on t period section a,
q
athe basic capacity of section a, by car/hour in units of; λ
ait is the split of section a; y
a,tunit be car/hour;
Step 3: all original public transport origin and destination pair of circulating, according to the unit length travel time that future, each period vehicle ran on each section that step 2 obtains, substitute public bus network for all original public bus networks build, detailed process is as described below:
Step 3.1: with original public bus network for baseline, choosing this original public bus network both sides vertical range is the road network included in the regional extent of the v rice basic network as alternative public bus network, the basic network of alternative public bus network is called alternative road network, 500≤v≤1000;
Step 3.2: the unit length travel time of all congested link contained according to the alternative public bus network of each bar in the alternative road network of congested link punishment principle correction, detailed process is:
Step 3.2.1: the coefficient that will block up is designated as ρ, ρ is constant and 100 seconds/kilometer≤ρ≤200 second/kilometer, if the travel time in a certain section is greater than ρ, just judges that this section is congested link, otherwise is non-congested link;
Step 3.2.2: the unit length travel time of all non-congested link contained in original public bus network is set to 0;
Step 3.2.3: the unit length travel time revising all congested link that alternative public bus network in alternative road network contains: the value after the calculated value of the unit length travel time of corresponding congested link step 2 calculated is added with M as this congested link revised unit length travel time, M=1000;
Step 3.3: for the origin and destination of original public bus network, alternative road network is chosen all alternative public bus networks, calculate the travel time of original public bus network and the travel time of the alternative public bus network of every bar, the travel time of original public bus network equals the travel time sum in all sections that original public bus network comprises, the travel time of the alternative public bus network of every bar equals the travel time sum in all sections that the alternative public bus network of every bar comprises, and the unit length travel time that travel time in every bar section equals this section is multiplied by the length in this section; Alternative public bus networks all in alternative road network were sorted from small to large according to the travel time, be designated as successively the 1st article of alternative public bus network, the 2nd article of alternative public bus network, the 3rd article alternative public bus network ... G article of alternative public bus network, wherein G is the total quantity of alternative public bus network;
Step 3.4: compared with original public bus network successively by the alternative public bus network in the alternative road network after sequence, determine effectively to substitute public bus network, detailed process is:
Step 3.4.1: for each origin and destination pair, from the 1st article of alternative public bus network, successively the travel time of the travel time of alternative public bus network and original public bus network is compared, if the travel time of this alternative public bus network is less than the travel time of original public bus network and current alternative public bus network sequence number is less than J, then carry out the contrast operation of the travel time of a rear alternative public bus network and the travel time of original public bus network, the rest may be inferred; When the sequence number of the travel time or K article of alternative public bus network that are greater than original public bus network when the travel time of K article of alternative public bus network equals J, then stop comparing, using K-1 article of alternative public bus network before K article of alternative public bus network as effectively substituting public bus network network; Wherein 1≤K≤J, J be more than or equal to 3 and be less than or equal to 7 constant;
Step 3.5: effectively substitute public bus network and carry out association analysis by effectively substituting every bar in public bus network network respectively with original public bus network, select there is optimal relational degree effectively alternative public bus network as elasticity public bus network, concrete steps are as described below;
Step 3.5.1: for the original site s of original public bus network, s=1,2,3 ... n, wherein, n is the website sum of original public bus network, and the original site s of original public bus network is effectively substituting the transition website in public bus network with correspondence, by passenger's travel time that relatively following three kinds of transition schemes additionally produce, website corresponding for minimum additional passengers travel time is changed website as optimum:
(1) effectively bus station minimum from original public bus network respective site travel time on public bus network is substituted, not only (2) effectively substitute crossing minimum from original public bus network respective site travel time on public bus network, (3) belong to original public bus network but also belong to the minimum bus station of the travel time of the circuit that detours;
Step 3.5.2: the original site s exporting original public bus network from Shapefile vector file effectively substitutes the shortest traveling duration of the transition website of public bus network to i-th, wherein i=1,2 ... K-1, ridership of itself and this website on average being got on or off the bus is multiplied and obtains comparing ordered series of numbers D
i,s, D
i,s={ D
1, s, D
2, s..., D
k,s, this website ridership of on average getting on or off the bus obtains, for the D that the original site s of original public bus network is corresponding from the database of public transport operation company
i,sadopt following formula normalization:
Wherein, Δ is the minimum value in all comparison ordered series of numbers effectively substituting public bus network,
for the maximal value in all comparison ordered series of numbers effectively substituting public bus network, show that i-th article effectively substitutes the corresponding correlation coefficient ξ of public bus network s website
i,sas shown in the formula:
Wherein, m is resolution ratio, is the constant between 0 ~ 1;
Step 3.5.3: the degree of association that i-th effectively substitutes public bus network is designated as r
i, i=1,2 ..., K-1, r
isolution formula is as follows:
Step 3.5.4: choose and effectively substitute r in public bus network network
imaximum that effectively substitutes public bus network as the elasticity public bus network that will adopt.
After elasticity public bus network determines, run according to elasticity public bus network by bus driver by intelligent public transportation system, and at the original public bus network site location of elasticity public bus network no longer process, carry previous headway and issue public bus network website Notification of Changes by electronical display mark; Allow the passenger taking respective lines go to other website by bus thus, reduce the inconvenience that passenger is caused.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that and considered road network topology, traffic control, road traffic flow, select road behavior etc. and concern road traffic system component (road, car, people) mass action, for identical numbering public bus network, under the prerequisite not changing origin and destination and most of driving path, vehicle transition website is set up on the way with regard to some congested link, effectively substituted public bus network network, and in effectively alternative public bus network network, select the effectively alternative public transport line of an optimum to replace original public bus network as elasticity public bus network, what make that public transit vehicle can be autonomous in operation process avoids congested link, reduce the trip duration of passenger in bus and ensure passenger's minimum ground traveling added value, improve operational efficiency and the service level of bus operation system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of process flow diagram evading the elasticity public bus network method for designing of congested link of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the internal process figure that VISTA software obtains Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment flow;
Fig. 3 is coil and the video detection figure of the collection of the present situation magnitude of traffic flow;
Fig. 4 is the line alignment figure on Ningbo public transport 367 tunnel in case;
Fig. 5 is alternative road network within the scope of 800 meters, original public bus network periphery (containing section numbering and name of bus stop);
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of three kinds of forms of relevant bus station migration;
Fig. 7 is optimum alternative public bus network traveling and website artwork;
Fig. 8 be bus station, case Zhong Jingjia road electronic information board on about the issue figure of Web Tra nsition information.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment: as shown in Figure 1, a kind of elasticity public bus network method for designing of evading congested link, comprises the steps:
Step 1: the Shapefile vector file of website download topology of city road network of being increased income by OpenStreetMap; Obtained the current traffic flow in each section, city by video detector, the current traffic flow in section refers to the magnitude of traffic flow of this section from current time in 15 minutes in the past; The dynamic traffic demand in city is obtained from Bureau of Urban Planning; By in the current traffic flow in Shapefile vector file, each section and dynamic traffic demand input VISTA software, run the following Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment flow that VISTA software obtains each section, as shown in formula (1):
In formula (1), ∑ is summation operation symbol, and " " is multiplication symbol, current time is started following every 15 minutes as a period, y
a,tfor section a from current time following 1st period to the Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment flow in t period, x
afor the current traffic flow of section a, q
ω, τrepresent following τ the period from origin and destination to the dynamic traffic demand that ω produces;
it is composition traffic assignation entry of a matrix element, represent following τ the period from origin and destination to the quantity arriving section a in the demand of ω in following t the period, certain period road section traffic volume flow of traffic assignation matrix representation, from the homography of specific time period origin and destination to the magnitude of traffic flow, pushes away to obtain traffic assignation matrix at VISTA software inhouse according to the path shunt ratio optimization based on the progressive alternate method of average (MSA) and the mutual iteration theorem of traffic flow simulation based on section Cell Transmission Model (LTM); W represents that origin and destination are to set, and W obtains from the dynamic traffic demand in city;
Step 2: from urban transportation committee obtain each section freely flow out line time, basic capacity and Intersections split, calculate the unit length travel time that each period vehicle following runs on each section, computing formula adopts Akcelik Impedance Function (advantage of this Impedance Function to tackle the multiple saturation degree situation in crossing), as shown in formula (2):
In formula (2), " " is multiplication symbol, and "/" is division operation symbol, T
a,tfor the unit length travel time of vehicle on section a in following t the period, unit be second/kilometer; u
afor section a freely flows out line time, unit be second/kilometer; J incurs loss through delay parameter, and J=p × k, p are the closeness incuring loss through delay reason element, and p obtains in Shapefile vector file, and k represents the randomness level of vehicle arrival and service process, and being 1 in non-signal crossing k value, is 0.5 in signalized intersections k value; δ is flow analysis time span, is 1 hour;
be the wagon flow service level on t period section a,
q
athe basic capacity of section a, by car/hour in units of; λ
ait is the split of section a; y
a,tunit be car/hour;
Step 3: all original public transport origin and destination pair of circulating, according to the unit length travel time that future, each period vehicle ran on each section that step 2 obtains, substitute public bus network for all original public bus networks build, detailed process is as described below:
Step 3.1: with original public bus network for baseline, choosing this original public bus network both sides vertical range is the road network included in the regional extent of the v rice basic network as alternative public bus network, the basic network of alternative public bus network is called alternative road network, v is limited by passenger can accept distance travelled and constraint that is road net actual density, 500≤v≤1000;
Step 3.2: meet the double goal should evading congested link by way of the non-congested link of original public bus network again to allow alternative public bus network, the unit length travel time of all congested link contained according to the alternative public bus network of each bar in the alternative road network of congested link punishment principle correction, detailed process is:
Step 3.2.1: the coefficient that will block up is designated as ρ, ρ is constant and 100 seconds/kilometer≤ρ≤200 second/kilometer, if the travel time in a certain section is greater than ρ, just judges that this section is congested link, otherwise is non-congested link;
Step 3.2.2: the unit length travel time of all non-congested link contained in original public bus network is set to 0;
Step 3.2.3: the unit length travel time revising all congested link that alternative public bus network in alternative road network contains: the value after the calculated value of the unit length travel time of corresponding congested link step 2 calculated is added with M is as this congested link revised unit length travel time, M=1000, reduces congested link thus and is selected to enter the probability of alternative public bus network;
Step 3.3: for the origin and destination of original public bus network, alternative road network is chosen all alternative public bus networks, calculate the travel time of original public bus network and the travel time of the alternative public bus network of every bar, the travel time of original public bus network equals the travel time sum in all sections that original public bus network comprises, the travel time of the alternative public bus network of every bar equals the travel time sum in all sections that the alternative public bus network of every bar comprises, and the unit length travel time that travel time in every bar section equals this section is multiplied by the length in this section; Alternative public bus networks all in alternative road network were sorted from small to large according to the travel time, be designated as successively the 1st article of alternative public bus network, the 2nd article of alternative public bus network, the 3rd article alternative public bus network ... G article of alternative public bus network, wherein G is the total quantity of alternative public bus network;
Step 3.4: compared with original public bus network successively by the alternative public bus network in the alternative road network after sequence, determine effectively to substitute public bus network, detailed process is:
Step 3.4.1: for each origin and destination pair, from the 1st article of alternative public bus network, successively the travel time of the travel time of alternative public bus network and original public bus network is compared, if the travel time of this alternative public bus network is less than the travel time of original public bus network and current alternative public bus network sequence number is less than J, then carry out the contrast operation of the travel time of a rear alternative public bus network and the travel time of original public bus network, the rest may be inferred; The sequence number of the travel time or K article of alternative public bus network that are greater than original public bus network when the travel time of K article of alternative public bus network stops when equaling J, then stop comparing, using K-1 article of alternative public bus network before K article of alternative public bus network as effectively substituting public bus network network; Wherein 1≤K≤G, J be more than or equal to 3 and be less than or equal to 7 constant;
Step 3.5: the optimization aim due to public bus network is not to find shortest path, but take into account most passenger and go out accommodating laying, therefore original public bus network is not often shortest path between origin and destination, but the compromise considering station services coverage and lines service quality is selected; In order to the trend be consistent with original public bus network, by adopting gray relative analysis method, association analysis is carried out respectively by effectively substituting the effectively alternative public bus network of every bar and original public bus network in public bus network network, select there is optimal relational degree effectively substitute public bus network as elasticity public bus network, concrete steps are as described below;
Step 3.5.1: for the original site s of original public bus network, s=1,2,3 ... n, wherein, n is the website sum of original public bus network, and the original site s of original public bus network is effectively substituting the transition website in public bus network with correspondence, by passenger's travel time that relatively following three kinds of transition schemes additionally produce, website corresponding for minimum additional passengers travel time is changed website as optimum:
(1) effectively bus station minimum from original public bus network respective site travel time on public bus network is substituted, not only (2) effectively substitute crossing minimum from original public bus network respective site travel time on public bus network, (3) belong to original public bus network but also belong to the minimum bus station of the travel time of the circuit that detours;
Step 3.5.2: the original site s exporting original public bus network from Shapefile vector file effectively substitutes the shortest traveling duration of the transition website of public bus network to i-th, wherein i=1,2 ... K-1, ridership of itself and this website on average being got on or off the bus is multiplied and obtains comparing ordered series of numbers D
i,s, D
i,s={ D
1, s, D
2, s..., D
k,s, this website ridership of on average getting on or off the bus obtains, for the D that the original site s of original public bus network is corresponding from the database of public transport operation company
i,sadopt following formula normalization:
Wherein, "/" is division operation symbol, and Δ is the minimum value in all comparison ordered series of numbers effectively substituting public bus network,
for the maximal value in all comparison ordered series of numbers effectively substituting public bus network, show that i-th article effectively substitutes the corresponding correlation coefficient ξ of public bus network s website
i,sas shown in the formula:
Wherein, m is resolution ratio, is the constant between 0 ~ 1;
Step 3.5.3: the degree of association that i-th effectively substitutes public bus network is designated as r
i, i=1,2 ..., K-1, r
isolution formula is as follows:
Step 3.5.4: choose and effectively substitute r in public bus network network
imaximum that effectively substitutes public bus network as the elasticity public bus network that will adopt;
Step 4: after elasticity public bus network determines, run according to elasticity public bus network by bus driver by intelligent public transportation system, and at the original public bus network site location of elasticity public bus network no longer process, carry previous headway and issue public bus network website Notification of Changes by electronical display mark.
In the present invention, the real-time fluctuations rule of Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment energy matching road grid traffic flow, then can instruct daily real-time traffic to manage the control of blocking up comprised based on intelligent traffic guidance systems.What Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment was paid close attention to focuses on real result and solution efficiency, because it is directly used in instruct real-time traffic administration, the information of mistake and the computing of time-out all do not have application market.Load this core link angle from traffic flow to understand and mainly contain Liang Ge branch---continuously and discrete type Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment.The former sets up variational inequality or Fixed-point equation based on cybernatic thought by majority, still need time discretization to obtain state variable when solving, but the problem identificatioin of controling parameters is outstanding and do not separate, always can not ensure the convergence of separating, see application even if therefore also less in the combination road network in several sections.The latter can be described as one and intends dynamic assignment, but the not simple superposition of static traffic dispense flow rate on time dimension, in fact it have also contemplated that influencing each other of flow on Time and place, only increase the discrete division of chronomere so that the actual relationship between variable is expressed, arriving first of running into when flow can be loaded first goes out rule, capacity consistency, it is more clear that the problems such as overflow present, solve to get up more can shoot the arrow at the target, therefore a lot of Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment software is all develop based on discrete type branch, generally rise in colleges and universities and research institute, VISTA is exactly wherein a.The solution procedure essence of this software is the process of progressively Average Iteration (MSA) the method the shortest trip route of search and the continuous iteration of section Cell Transmission Model (LTM) emulator simulates real road flow running status, process as shown in Figure 2, namely for each paths shunt ratio that MSA method obtains, adopt LTM emulator simulates real road flow running status, then the vehicle flow obtained according to current emulation adopts MSA method path optimizing shunt ratio, and so forth until final dynamic traffic fluctuations in discharge meets the demands (difference in flow is less than the given ε of decision maker), export the dynamic traffic flow required by above-mentioned formula.
The alternative road network road traffic flow of the present embodiment from on-site investigation, therefore on alternative road network time to become traffic occupancy volume all identical in each period.The magnitude of traffic flow adopting the road coil checker shown in Fig. 3 to carry out current time to start by each bar section in 15 minutes in the past: for any section a on alternative road network, the magnetic test coil of its upstream or video detector carry out detection counting to the vehicle passed through, obtain current time and start the accumulative vehicle number entering section a in 15 minutes in the past, final vehicle flowrate is x after the unit interval transforms
a; Shown in the following form of dynamic traffic wagon flow value supposing the final following arbitrary period obtained, wherein, row are section numberings, come from Fig. 5; In order to for the Akcelik Impedance Function in follow-up formula (2), vehicle flowrate unit be converted into car/hour.
| Section | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Vehicle flowrate | 532 | 463 | 478 | 696 | 1582 | 657 | 544 | 735 |
| Section | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| Vehicle flowrate | 668 | 306 | 387 | 1434 | 564 | 679 | 688 | 644 |
| Section | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
| Vehicle flowrate | 337 | 750 | 794 | 651 | 1402 | 583 | 429 | 441 |
| Section | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 |
| Vehicle flowrate | 675 | 532 | 435 | 431 | 664 | 739 | 323 | 399 |
According to split, the traffic capacity in the every bar section obtained, in conjunction with above-mentioned section vehicle flowrate, Akcelik Impedance Function formula is used to obtain the unit mileage travel time in each period each bar section, after being multiplied with real section length, travel time result (unit is second) is as shown in the table.
| Section | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 |
| Travel time | 118 | 113 | 151 | 154 | 453 | 93 | 123 | 119 |
| Section | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| Travel time | 470 | 139 | 145 | 371 | 150 | 102 | 142 | 273 |
| Section | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 |
| Travel time | 140 | 275 | 91 | 301 | 441 | 86 | 124 | 170 |
| Section | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 |
| Travel time | 109 | 133 | 97 | 150 | 100 | 301 | 125 | 144 |
In the present embodiment, adopt the Ningbo City's public bus network 367 shown in Fig. 4 as case.Circuit change optimization is not done close to reference position with close to the part circuit in final position, reason has three: (1) these sections to block up less appearance peak period, corresponding public transport early to or the phenomenon of late website few, ensure that higher public transport punctuality rate and customer service level (CSL); (2) periphery is closely difficult to find alternative route in place.Only carry out peak period circuit to the part circuit by Jiangdong District core position herein to detour, part public bus network thick lines to be adjusted mark as shown in Figure 5.The road network that Fig. 5 does not tint can make alternative road network, it is in 800 meters, public bus network periphery (v=800 rice) scope, and side, section figure denote section numbering, bus station and title thereof also give mark in first original circuit.ρ is taken as 100 seconds/kilometer, in the section unit mileage travel time of the alternative public bus network of every bar, its numbering of the section blocked up has: 5,9,12,16,18,20,21,30.
In step 3.4, K is herein taken as 4, and final 3 shortest paths generated are as shown in the table; Because each period trip duration is equal, so do not represent at times.
| Public bus network | Section is numbered | Travel time (second) |
| 1 | 1,2,6,13,17,14,11,15,22,27,28,29,31,32 | 485 |
| 2 | 1,2,3,7,11,15,22,27,28,29,31,32 | 519 |
| 3 | 1,2,6,10,11,15,22,27,28,29,31,32 | 526 |
In the present embodiment, bus station migration effect corresponding to the original public bus network of several types as shown in Figure 6, the corresponding crossing recently of first width subgraph is as the type of interim bus station, the corresponding All other routes bus station of second width subgraph is as the type of interim bus station, and on the corresponding original public bus network of the 3rd width subgraph, adjacent bus station is as the type of interim bus station.Get resolution ratio m=0.5, the correlation coefficient obtaining website on the alternative alternative public bus network of each bar is as shown in the table.
| Influenced website | Donghai Garden | Jin Yuan community | Jin Yuandong lane | Brocade garden Xixiang | Jing Jia road | Yong Gang Village |
| Circuit 1 | 0.59 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0.69 | 0.61 |
| Circuit 2 | 0.33 | 0.37 | 0.33 | 0.45 | 0.38 | 0.61 |
| Circuit 3 | 0.59 | 0.71 | 0.45 | 0.45 | 0.38 | 0.61 |
The correlation coefficient mean value of the alternative alternative public bus network of each bar is as shown in the table:
| Circuit | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| Correlation coefficient mean value | 0.82 | 0.41 | 0.53 |
From the above degree of association, choose the circuit 1 that associates most as the circuit of dispatching a car at that time, traveling path and website are laid as shown in Figure 7.For former bus station, Jing Jia road, as shown in Figure 8 content distributed when relocating.Information is generally made up of three words, expresses the traveling situation of report circuit, Web Tra nsition situation, prediction time of arrival respectively; Wherein, whether there is intelligent predicting technology according to public transit system, select whether show the 3rd content.
Claims (2)
1. evade an elasticity public bus network method for designing for congested link, it is characterized in that comprising the steps:
Step 1: the Shapefile vector file of website download topology of city road network of being increased income by OpenStreetMap; Obtained the current traffic flow in each section, city by video detector, the current traffic flow in section refers to the magnitude of traffic flow of this section from current time in 15 minutes in the past; The dynamic traffic demand in city is obtained from Bureau of Urban Planning; By in the current traffic flow in Shapefile vector file, each section and dynamic traffic demand input VISTA software, run the following Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment flow that VISTA software obtains each section, as shown in formula (1):
In formula (1), ∑ is summation operation symbol, and " " is multiplication symbol, current time is started following every 15 minutes as a period, y
a,tfor section a from current time following 1st period to the Used in Dynamic Traffic Assignment flow in t period, x
afor the current traffic flow of section a, q
ω, τrepresent following τ the period from origin and destination to the dynamic traffic demand that ω produces;
it is composition traffic assignation entry of a matrix element, represent following τ the period from origin and destination to the quantity arriving section a in the demand of ω in following t the period, certain period road section traffic volume flow of traffic assignation matrix representation, from the homography of specific time period origin and destination to the magnitude of traffic flow, is obtained by VISTA running software; W represents that origin and destination are to set, and W obtains from the dynamic traffic demand in city;
Step 2: from urban transportation committee obtain each section freely flow out line time, basic capacity and Intersections split, calculate the unit length travel time that each period vehicle following runs on each section, computing formula is as shown in formula (2):
In formula (2), " " is multiplication symbol, and "/" is division operation symbol, T
a,tfor the unit length travel time of vehicle on section a in following t the period, unit be second/kilometer; u
afor section a freely flows out line time, unit be second/kilometer; J incurs loss through delay parameter, and J=p × k, p are the closeness incuring loss through delay reason element, and p obtains in Shapefile vector file, and k represents the randomness level of vehicle arrival and service process, and being 1 in non-signal crossing k value, is 0.5 in signalized intersections k value; δ is flow analysis time span, is 1 hour;
be the wagon flow service level on t period section a,
q
athe basic capacity of section a, by car/hour in units of; λ
ait is the split of section a; y
a,tunit be car/hour;
Step 3: all original public transport origin and destination pair of circulating, according to the unit length travel time that future, each period vehicle ran on each section that step 2 obtains, substitute public bus network for all original public bus networks build, detailed process is as described below:
Step 3.1: with original public bus network for baseline, choosing this original public bus network both sides vertical range is the road network included in the regional extent of the v rice basic network as alternative public bus network, the basic network of alternative public bus network is called alternative road network, 500≤v≤1000;
Step 3.2: the unit length travel time of all congested link contained according to the alternative public bus network of each bar in the alternative road network of congested link punishment principle correction, detailed process is:
Step 3.2.1: the coefficient that will block up is designated as ρ, ρ is constant and 100 seconds/kilometer≤ρ≤200 second/kilometer, if the travel time in a certain section is greater than ρ, just judges that this section is congested link, otherwise is non-congested link;
Step 3.2.2: the unit length travel time of all non-congested link contained in original public bus network is set to 0;
Step 3.2.3: the unit length travel time revising all congested link that alternative public bus network in alternative road network contains: the value after the calculated value of the unit length travel time of corresponding congested link step 2 calculated is added with M as this congested link revised unit length travel time, M=1000;
Step 3.3: for the origin and destination of original public bus network, alternative road network is chosen all alternative public bus networks, calculate the travel time of original public bus network and the travel time of the alternative public bus network of every bar, the travel time of original public bus network equals the travel time sum in all sections that original public bus network comprises, the travel time of the alternative public bus network of every bar equals the travel time sum in all sections that the alternative public bus network of every bar comprises, and the unit length travel time that travel time in every bar section equals this section is multiplied by the length in this section; Alternative public bus networks all in alternative road network were sorted from small to large according to the travel time, be designated as successively the 1st article of alternative public bus network, the 2nd article of alternative public bus network, the 3rd article alternative public bus network ... G article of alternative public bus network, wherein G is the total quantity of alternative public bus network;
Step 3.4: compared with original public bus network successively by the alternative public bus network in the alternative road network after sequence, determine effectively to substitute public bus network, detailed process is:
Step 3.4.1: for each origin and destination pair, from the 1st article of alternative public bus network, successively the travel time of the travel time of alternative public bus network and original public bus network is compared, if the travel time of this alternative public bus network is less than the travel time of original public bus network and current alternative public bus network sequence number is less than J, then carry out the contrast operation of the travel time of a rear alternative public bus network and the travel time of original public bus network, the rest may be inferred; The sequence number of the travel time or K article of alternative public bus network that are greater than original public bus network when the travel time of K article of alternative public bus network stops when equaling J, then stop comparing, using K-1 article of alternative public bus network before K article of alternative public bus network as effectively substituting public bus network network; Wherein 1≤K≤G, J be more than or equal to 3 and be less than or equal to 7 constant;
Step 3.5: effectively substitute public bus network and carry out association analysis by effectively substituting every bar in public bus network network respectively with original public bus network, select there is optimal relational degree effectively alternative public bus network as elasticity public bus network, concrete steps are as described below;
Step 3.5.1: for the original site s of original public bus network, s=1,2,3 ... n, wherein, n is the website sum of original public bus network, and the original site s of original public bus network is effectively substituting the transition website in public bus network with correspondence, by passenger's travel time that relatively following three kinds of transition schemes additionally produce, website corresponding for minimum additional passengers travel time is changed website as optimum:
(1) effectively bus station minimum from original public bus network respective site travel time on public bus network is substituted, not only (2) effectively substitute crossing minimum from original public bus network respective site travel time on public bus network, (3) belong to original public bus network but also belong to the minimum bus station of the travel time of the circuit that detours;
Step 3.5.2: the original site s exporting original public bus network from Shapefile vector file effectively substitutes the shortest traveling duration of the transition website of public bus network to i-th, wherein i=1,2 ... K-1, ridership of itself and this website on average being got on or off the bus is multiplied and obtains comparing ordered series of numbers D
i,s, D
i,s={ D
1, s, D
2, s..., D
k,s, this website ridership of on average getting on or off the bus obtains, for the D that the original site s of original public bus network is corresponding from the database of public transport operation company
i,sadopt following formula normalization:
Wherein, "/" is division operation symbol, and Δ is the minimum value in all comparison ordered series of numbers effectively substituting public bus network,
for the maximal value in all comparison ordered series of numbers effectively substituting public bus network, show that i-th article effectively substitutes the corresponding correlation coefficient ξ of public bus network s website
i,sas shown in the formula:
Wherein, m is resolution ratio, is the constant between 0 ~ 1;
Step 3.5.3: the degree of association that i-th effectively substitutes public bus network is designated as r
i, i=1,2 ..., K-1, r
isolution formula is as follows:
Step 3.5.4: choose and effectively substitute r in public bus network network
imaximum that effectively substitutes public bus network as the elasticity public bus network that will adopt.
2. according to a kind of elasticity public bus network method for designing of evading congested link of claim, it is characterized in that after elasticity public bus network determines, run according to elasticity public bus network by bus driver by intelligent public transportation system, and at the original public bus network site location of elasticity public bus network no longer process, carry previous headway and issue public bus network website Notification of Changes by electronical display mark.
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