CN104483979A - Novel linkage heliostat - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel linkage heliostat, which is characterized in that it includes an altitude angle driving mechanism, and the altitude angle driving mechanism drives at least two reflector modules to jointly perform altitude angle rotation; a new linkage heliostat provided by the invention The heliostat adopts the setting of joint movement of multiple mirror modules, and connects the unit mirrors in series through a moment axis to form a mirror module. The multiple mirror modules are connected to each other through flanges, and an elevation angle drive mechanism is used. Multiple reflector modules can be driven to move at the same time. In this way, the wind load can be reduced by reducing the height of the reflector module and the reflective area of the reflector module, thereby reducing the weight of the reflector module per unit reflective area and reducing the difficulty of installation and debugging. In order to reduce related costs; in addition, the novel linkage heliostat can ensure the tracking accuracy of many unit mirrors in the elevation angle direction, so as to further reduce the cost of the elevation angle driving mechanism.

Description

A New Linkage Heliostat

technical field

The invention relates to a solar heat utilization and thermal power generation device, in particular to a novel linkage heliostat.

Background technique

At present, in the field of solar thermal power generation, tower-type thermal power plants have the advantages of high concentration ratio and high power generation efficiency. A tower-type thermal power station is a mirror field composed of multiple heliostats, which focus sunlight onto the surface of the heat absorber on the tower. The cost of the heliostats accounts for about 50% of the cost of the power station. According to the calculation of Sandia National Laboratory in the United States, when the cost of heliostats is reduced to US$100 per square meter of reflective area, the cost of solar thermal power generation will be 5.9 cents. At this time, solar thermal power generation will be economically comparable to conventional thermal power generation. Therefore, how to reduce the cost of heliostats becomes the key to reducing the cost of tower thermal power generation, which has important economic significance and environmental protection value.

The basic structure of a single heliostat mainly includes foundation, column, motor, transmission box, control system, bracket and reflector. Wherein the reflector is installed on the support, the support is supported by the column and the foundation, the motor and the transmission box form the driving mechanism to drive the reflector to produce two-dimensional motion. The driving mechanism can be divided into an altitude driving mechanism and an azimuth driving mechanism, and the two work together to make the mirror surface of the heliostat track the sun all the time. The cost of the driving mechanism accounts for about 50% of the total cost of the heliostat, and the cost of the azimuth transmission mechanism is greater than that of the altitude transmission mechanism.

At present, there are two main technical routes to reduce the cost of heliostats in the world: one is to manufacture a single heliostat with a large reflective area of more than 100 square meters, so as to reduce the transmission cost shared by the unit reflective area, but due to the wind load This kind of "big heliostat" also brings various defects such as increased weight of the heliostat and difficulties in installation and debugging. Another technical route is to make a single "small heliostat" with a reflective area of less than 20 square meters. The "small heliostat" can effectively reduce the weight of the heliostat per unit reflective area and is easy to install and debug. The proportion of sun mirror cost has further increased. In the competition of two technical routes, it is still difficult to judge which technical route is more advantageous in reducing the cost of heliostats.

There is another design scheme for heliostats that uses linkage of multiple heliostats, that is, multiple heliostats are driven by a transmission mechanism. Usually, the reflection area of the linkage heliostats is not large, which can reduce the cost of the transmission mechanism. It can also reduce wind resistance to reduce steel consumption. U.S. Patent US4466423 discloses a linkage heliostat, which is characterized in that four steel cables are used to combine a row of heliostats, the elevation angle is driven by a transmission mechanism, and the azimuth angle is driven by each small heliostat independently Driven by a mechanism, the problem with this linkage heliostat is that its bending rigidity and torsional rigidity cannot meet the requirements. U.S. Patent US4110010 provides another linkage heliostat. Its structure is that the single-piece reflectors are arranged vertically and horizontally along two directions, and the elevation angle and azimuth angle are respectively driven by a driving device to drive the connecting rod. This structure is too complicated. The position accuracy of each mirror is difficult to guarantee. The linkage heliostat disclosed in US Patent US4832002 has its own base and column for each heliostat, and an elevation angle driving mechanism drives a transmission belt to pass through the ground to connect each heliostat in series, and then through the gear The transmission drives the elevation angle driving devices of a row of heliostats together, and its structure is complex and the transmission precision is low. The Chinese patent CN101595405A applied by Israel Virilight Company adopts a multi-heliostat concentrating system. There are multiple reflectors on the rotating shaft. This method can only guarantee the accuracy when the focal length is relatively short.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a new linkage heliostat, which is characterized in that it includes an altitude angle driving mechanism, and the altitude angle driving mechanism drives at least two mirror modules to jointly make an altitude angle Rotating movement, the elevation angle driving mechanism is located in the middle position, and there are mirror modules on both sides of the elevation angle driving mechanism.

The reflector module includes a reflector module supporting column, a reflector module supporting foot, a moment bearing seat, self-aligning ball bearings, a moment shaft sleeve, a moment flange, a moment axis gland, a moment axis, a unit mirror and an azimuth Angle drive mechanism, one end of the supporting foot of the mirror module is connected to the ground, and the other end is connected to the supporting column of the mirror module. The supporting column of the mirror module is above the moment bearing seat, and the self-aligning ball bearing is installed in the moment bearing seat. One end of the torque flange cooperates with the inner ring of the self-aligning ball bearing, and the axial positioning of one end is completed through the torque shaft gland. The height angle stepper motor drives the height angle electric push rod to extend, and the torque shaft is driven by the torque arm to generate rotational motion. The two ends of the moment shaft are respectively connected with two moment flanges. There are two unit mirrors on the moment axis.

The altitude angle driving mechanism includes an altitude angle stepping motor, an altitude angle electric push rod, an altitude angle support column, an altitude angle support foot, an altitude angle electric push rod base, an altitude angle positioning pin, an altitude angle transmission pin, and a torque Arm and joint bearing, one end of the height angle support foot is connected with the ground, and the other end is connected with the height angle support column, which mainly plays a fixed role. The height angle stepper motor is connected with the height angle electric push rod, and the height angle electric push rod One end of the rod is connected to the height angle support column through the height angle electric push rod base, the height angle positioning pin shaft, and the other end of the height angle electric push rod is connected to the reflector modules on both sides through the height angle transmission pin shaft, joint bearing and moment arm.

The altitude angle drive mechanism includes an altitude angle stepping motor, an altitude angle hydraulic cylinder, an altitude angle support column, an altitude angle support foot, an altitude angle electric push rod base, an altitude angle positioning pin, an altitude angle transmission pin, and a moment arm and joint bearings, the height angle stepping motor is connected with the height angle hydraulic cylinder, and one end of the height angle hydraulic cylinder is connected with the height angle support column through the height angle electric push rod base, the height angle positioning pin, and the height angle hydraulic pressure The other end of the cylinder is connected with the reflector modules on both sides through the height angle transmission pin shaft, the joint bearing and the moment arm.

The unit mirror includes a glass reflector, shaped steel, a unit mirror shaft, a suction cup, a unit mirror shaft sleeve, a unit mirror shaft sleeve seat and a retaining ring, the unit mirror shaft and the unit mirror shaft sleeve are welded and connected, and the plurality of shaped steels are welded Form a plane truss, the plane truss is welded to the unit mirror shaft, the plane truss is provided with a hole, the suction cup is installed on the hole, the glass reflector and the suction cup are connected by glue, and the unit mirror shaft sleeve is connected to the The unit mirror shaft sleeve is connected, and the unit mirror shaft sleeve can rotate on the unit mirror shaft sleeve seat, and the unit mirror shaft sleeve is welded and connected with the moment shaft.

The azimuth drive mechanism includes an azimuth stepper motor, an azimuth electric pushrod, an azimuth positioning pin, an azimuth transmission pin and a joint bearing, and the azimuth stepper motor is the power source of the azimuth electric pushrod , the azimuth electric push rod is installed on the moment shaft through a positioning pin, and the azimuth electric push rod is connected with the unit mirror through a joint bearing and an azimuth transmission pin. The stepping motor drives the electric push rod to move in a straight line, and the electric push rod pushes the unit mirror to rotate.

The azimuth driving mechanism includes an azimuth stepping motor, an azimuth reducer, an azimuth positioning pin, an azimuth transmission pin and a joint bearing, and the azimuth stepping motor is the power source of the azimuth reducer, so The azimuth reducer is installed on the moment shaft through a positioning pin, and the azimuth reducer is connected to the unit mirror through a joint bearing and an azimuth transmission pin.

The unit mirror is driven by an independent azimuth drive mechanism.

The azimuth rotation axis of the unit mirror is perpendicular to the elevation angle rotation axis of the moment axis.

At least two mirror modules are rotatable around a common axis of rotation, one to three of which are parallel to each other.

Beneficial effects achieved by the present invention: a new linkage heliostat provided by the present invention adopts the joint movement setting of multiple reflector modules, which overcomes the large amount of steel used by the "big heliostat" in the prior art and the difficulty in installation and debugging , the "small heliostat" transmission mechanism has defects such as high cost. The unit mirrors are connected in series through a moment axis to form a mirror module. Multiple mirror modules are connected to each other through flanges. Using a height angle drive mechanism can simultaneously Drive multiple reflector modules to move at the same time, so that the wind load can be reduced by reducing the height of the reflector module and the reflective area of the reflector module, thereby reducing the weight of the reflector module per unit reflective area, reducing the difficulty of installation and debugging, and reducing the Related costs; in addition, the new type of linkage heliostat uses a single driver to drive multiple reflector modules to track the sun's altitude angle, which reduces the cost of altitude angle transmission, and the unit mirror can be connected by the moment axis and the flange to ensure that the overall reflector module The torsional rigidity of the structure ensures the tracking accuracy of many unit mirrors in the direction of the elevation angle. It can also be designed reasonably to place the mirror module at the rotation center of the moment axis to reduce the torsional moment at the elevation angle and further reduce the elevation angle. The cost of the driving mechanism; in addition, the new type of linkage heliostat can also be combined with a linear motion electric push rod and a connecting rod to form a rotary motion, so as to reduce the cost of the azimuth transmission mechanism.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a top view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a mirror module according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the elevation angle driving mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a unit mirror according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an azimuth driving mechanism according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention more clearly, but not to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

Embodiment 1 of the present invention: as shown in Figures 1 to 7, a new linkage heliostat is characterized in that it includes an elevation angle drive mechanism 31, and the altitude angle drive mechanism 31 drives at least two mirror modules 21 to jointly Performing altitude angle rotation movement, the altitude angle driving mechanism 31 is located in the middle position, and the mirror modules 21 are on both sides of the altitude angle driving mechanism 31 .

The mirror module 21 includes a mirror module supporting column 114, a mirror module supporting foot 115, a moment bearing seat 41, an aligning ball bearing 42, a moment shaft sleeve 44, a moment flange 43, and a moment shaft gland 17 , moment axis 23, unit mirror 22 and azimuth drive mechanism 32, one end of the mirror module support foot 115 is connected to the ground, the other end is connected to the mirror module support column 114, and the mirror module support column 114 is above Moment bearing seat 41, self-aligning ball bearing 42 is housed in the moment bearing seat 41, one end of moment flange plate 43 cooperates with self-aligning ball bearing 42 inner rings, completes one end axial positioning by moment shaft gland 17. The height angle stepper motor 15 drives the height angle electric push rod 16 to elongate, and the torque shaft 23 is driven by the torque arm 51 to generate rotational motion. Both ends of the torque shaft 23 are respectively connected with two torque flanges 43 . There are two unit mirrors 22 on the moment axis 23 .

The altitude angle driving mechanism 31 includes an altitude angle stepping motor 15, an altitude angle electric push rod 16, an altitude angle support column 12, an altitude angle support foot 11, an altitude angle electric push rod base 13, an altitude angle positioning pin 14, Altitude angle transmission pin shaft 52, moment arm 51 and joint bearing, one end of altitude angle support anchor 11 is connected with the ground, and the other end is connected with altitude angle support column 12, mainly plays a fixed role, and described altitude angle stepper motor 15 is connected with the height angle The angle electric push rod 12 is connected, and one end of the altitude angle electric push rod 12 is connected with the height angle support column 12 through the height angle electric push rod base 13, the height angle transmission pin 52, and the other end of the altitude angle electric push rod 16 is connected through the height angle electric push rod 16. The transmission pin shaft 52, the joint bearing and the moment arm 51 are connected with the reflector modules 21 on both sides.

Described unit mirror 22 comprises glass reflector 113, shaped steel, unit mirror shaft 63, suction cup 111, unit mirror shaft sleeve 62, unit mirror shaft sleeve seat 61 and retaining ring, described unit mirror shaft sleeve seat 61 is welded with torque shaft 23 Connection, the unit mirror shaft sleeve seat 61 is connected with the unit mirror shaft sleeve 62 , the unit mirror shaft sleeve 62 can rotate in the unit mirror shaft sleeve seat 61 . The unit mirror shaft sleeve 62 is welded to the unit mirror shaft 63, and a plurality of section steels are welded into a plane truss. It is connected with the suction cup 111 by gluing.

Described azimuth angle driving mechanism 32 comprises azimuth angle stepping motor 19, azimuth angle electric pushrod 110, azimuth angle positioning pin 18, azimuth angle driving pin 71 and joint bearing, and described azimuth angle stepping motor 19 is azimuth angle The power source of the electric push rod 110, the azimuth electric push rod 110 is installed on the moment shaft 23 through the azimuth positioning pin 18, and one end of the azimuth electric push rod 110 passes through the joint bearing and the azimuth transmission pin 71 It is connected with the unit mirror 22. The azimuth stepper motor 19 drives the azimuth electric push rod 110 to move in a straight line, and the azimuth electric push rod 110 pushes the unit mirror 22 to rotate.

The unit mirror 22 is driven by an independent azimuth driving mechanism 32 .

The rotation axis of the azimuth angle of the unit mirror 22 and the rotation axis of the altitude angle of the moment axis 23 are perpendicular to each other.

At least two mirror modules 21 can rotate around a common rotation axis, and the common rotation axes are one to three parallel to each other.

The implementation process of Example 1 of the present invention is as follows, a mirror module 21 is formed by two unit mirrors 22, and the two mirror modules 21 are driven by the height angle driving mechanism 31 to jointly perform height angle rotations, and each unit mirror 22 is composed of a self-contained The independent azimuth driving mechanism 32 is driven so that the reflected light spots of the four unit mirrors 22 can converge to one point.

The overall structure of the present invention is shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 respectively. As shown in Figure 2, first determine the positions of the height angle support column 12 and the mirror module support column 114, fix the height angle electric push rod base 13, and connect the height angle electric push rod 16 tail positioning hole through the height angle positioning pin 14 , to constrain the translational degrees of freedom in three directions and the rotational degree of freedom in one direction of the elevation angle electric push rod 16 .

Fix the moment bearing seat 41 on the two mirror module support columns 114, the moment bearing seat 41 and the mirror module support column 114 are connected by bolts, the two moment bearing seats 41 are kept concentric, and the self-aligning ball bearing 42 is located on the moment bearing seat 41 The two ends of the inner and outer rings of the bearing are in contact with the moment bearing seat 41 and the gland of the moment bearing seat respectively. The moment shaft 23 is a square section, and the two ends of the moment shaft are respectively connected with two moment flanges 43 by bolts. As shown in Figure 5, one end of the torque shaft 23 is connected to one end of the torque flange 43 by bolts, the other end of the torque flange 43 is matched with the self-aligning ball bearing 42, and the torque flange 43 is connected to the self-aligning ball bearing through the shaft shoulder. 42 inner rings are in contact, and the end face of the moment flange 43 and the self-aligning ball bearing 42 mating end is connected with the moment shaft gland 17 by bolts. Between the self-aligning ball bearing 42 outer ring and the moment shaft gland 17 is a moment shaft sleeve 44 .

As shown in Figure 5, the other end of the torque shaft 23 is connected with one end of the torque flange 43 through bolts, the other end of the torque flange 43 is matched with the self-aligning ball shaft 42, and the torque flange 43 is connected to the self-aligning ball through the shaft shoulder. The inner ring of the bearing 42 is in contact, and the end face of the mating end of the moment flange 43 and the self-aligning ball bearing 42 is connected with the moment arm 51 by bolts. Between the outer ring of the self-aligning ball bearing 42 and the moment arm 51 is a moment bushing 44 . The line connecting the centers of the arc surfaces at the two ends of the moment arm 51 forms an included angle of 45 ^° with one side of the square section of the moment axis 23 . As shown in Figure 6, one end of the moment arm 51 has a positioning hole, and the positioning hole has a built-in joint bearing, which is connected to the height angle electric push rod 16 through the height angle transmission pin shaft 52, so that the linear motion generated by the electric push rod 16 is converted into the moment shaft 23 rotation movement.

As shown in Figure 2, the moment axis 23 is connected to the tail positioning hole of the azimuth electric push rod 110 through the azimuth positioning pin shaft 18, constraining the translational freedom of the azimuth electric push rod 110 in three directions and the rotation freedom in one direction Spend.

As shown in Figure 6, the unit mirror shaft 63 is welded to the unit mirror bushing 62, and the bushing 62 cooperates with the unit mirror bushing seat 61. One end of the bushing 63 is positioned through the step of the bushing, and the other end is positioned through the ring retaining ring. The unit mirror shaft sleeve seat 61 has a groove, and by this groove, the unit mirror shaft sleeve seat 61 is welded with the moment shaft 23. The rotation axis of the azimuth angle of the unit mirror 22 and the rotation axis of the altitude angle of the moment axis 23 are perpendicular to each other.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the glass reflective mirror surface 113 is connected with the suction cup 111 with glue, and the suction cup 111 and the unit mirror steel frame 112 are connected by bolts, and the mirror surface shape of the unit reflective mirror surface 113 can be adjusted by adjusting the relative positions of the bolts and nuts .

As shown in Figure 7, the built-in joint bearing on the steel frame of the unit mirror is connected with the azimuth electric push rod 110 through the azimuth transmission pin shaft 71, so that the linear motion generated by the electric push rod 110 is converted into the rotary motion of the unit mirror 22.

In the second embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 8, the elevation angle hydraulic cylinder 81 is used to replace the elevation angle electric push rod 16 in the first embodiment of the present invention. The advantage of using the hydraulic cylinder is that the thrust is large, and it can drive more than the electric push rod. unit mirror, in order to further reduce the cost of the elevation angle drive mechanism; and for the azimuth angle drive mechanism of the unit mirror, the azimuth angle reducer 82 can be used to replace the azimuth angle electric push rod 110 in Embodiment 1 of the present invention, which is done in this way The advantage is that the unit mirror can rotate 360 degrees, making the arrangement of the linked heliostat in the heliostat field more flexible.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made. It should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A new linkage heliostat, characterized in that it includes an elevation angle driving mechanism, and the elevation angle driving mechanism drives at least two reflector modules to jointly perform elevation angle rotation. 2. A new linkage heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that, the mirror module includes a mirror module supporting column, a mirror module supporting foot, a moment bearing seat, a self-aligning ball bearing, a moment shaft sleeve, torque flange, torque shaft gland, torque shaft, unit mirror and azimuth drive mechanism, one end of the mirror module support foot is connected to the ground, and the other end is connected to the mirror module support column, The supporting column of the mirror module is above the moment bearing seat, and the self-aligning ball bearing is installed in the moment bearing seat. One end of the moment flange is matched with the inner ring of the self-aligning ball bearing, and the axial positioning of one end is completed through the moment shaft gland. 3. A new linkage heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that, the altitude angle driving mechanism comprises an altitude angle stepping motor, an altitude angle electric push rod, an altitude angle support column, and an altitude angle support foot , height angle electric push rod base, height angle positioning pin shaft, height angle transmission pin shaft, moment arm and joint bearing, the height angle stepper motor is connected with the height angle electric push rod, and one end of the height angle electric push rod passes through The height angle electric push rod base, the height angle positioning pin are connected with the height angle support column, and the other end of the height angle electric push rod is connected with the reflector modules on both sides through the height angle transmission pin shaft, joint bearing and moment arm. 4. A new linkage heliostat according to claim 1, characterized in that the altitude angle driving mechanism comprises an altitude angle stepping motor, an altitude angle hydraulic cylinder, an altitude angle support column, an altitude angle support foot, The height angle electric push rod base, the height angle positioning pin shaft, the height angle transmission pin shaft, the moment arm and the joint bearing, the height angle stepper motor is connected with the height angle hydraulic cylinder, and one end of the height angle hydraulic cylinder is connected to the height angle electric cylinder. The push rod base, the height angle positioning pin are connected to the height angle support column, and the other end of the height angle hydraulic cylinder is connected to the reflector modules on both sides through the height angle transmission pin shaft, joint bearing and moment arm. 5 . A new linkage heliostat according to claim 2 , wherein the unit mirror is driven by an independent azimuth drive mechanism. 6 . A new linkage heliostat according to claim 2 , wherein the azimuth rotation axis of the unit mirror and the elevation angle rotation axis of the moment axis are perpendicular to each other. 7 . 7. A new linkage heliostat according to claim 2, characterized in that the unit mirror includes a glass reflector, shaped steel, a unit mirror shaft, a suction cup, a unit mirror shaft sleeve, a unit mirror shaft sleeve seat and a stopper ring, the unit mirror shaft is welded to the unit mirror shaft sleeve, the steel is welded into a plane truss, the plane truss is welded to the unit mirror shaft, the plane truss is provided with a hole, and the suction cup is installed on the hole, The glass reflector is connected to the suction cup by glue, the unit mirror shaft sleeve is connected to the unit mirror shaft sleeve seat, and the unit mirror shaft sleeve seat is welded to the moment shaft. 8. A new linkage heliostat according to claim 2, characterized in that the azimuth driving mechanism comprises an azimuth stepping motor, an azimuth electric push rod, an azimuth positioning pin, and an azimuth transmission pin Shaft and joint bearing, the azimuth stepper motor is the power source of the azimuth electric push rod, the azimuth electric push rod is installed on the moment shaft through the positioning pin shaft, and the azimuth electric push rod passes through the joint bearing and The azimuth transmission pin shaft is connected with the unit mirror. 9. A new linkage heliostat according to claim 2, characterized in that the azimuth driving mechanism comprises an azimuth stepping motor, an azimuth reducer, an azimuth positioning pin, and an azimuth transmission pin and joint bearings, the azimuth stepper motor is the power source of the azimuth reducer, the azimuth reducer is installed on the moment shaft through the positioning pin shaft, and the azimuth reducer is driven by the joint bearing and the azimuth transmission The pin shaft is connected with the unit mirror. 10. A new linkage heliostat according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that at least two mirror modules can rotate around a common rotation axis, and the common rotation axes are parallel to each other of one to three.