CN104482793A - Open rack vaporizer heat exchange tube capable of thermoelectrically recovering cold energy from LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) - Google Patents
Open rack vaporizer heat exchange tube capable of thermoelectrically recovering cold energy from LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) Download PDFInfo
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- CN104482793A CN104482793A CN201410834464.2A CN201410834464A CN104482793A CN 104482793 A CN104482793 A CN 104482793A CN 201410834464 A CN201410834464 A CN 201410834464A CN 104482793 A CN104482793 A CN 104482793A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an open rack vaporizer heat exchange tube capable of thermoelectrically recovering cold energy from LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas). The open rack vaporizer heat exchange tube comprises a tube body, wherein strengthened-heat-exchange-structured fins are respectively arranged inside/outside the tube wall of the tube body, the tube body close to an LNG inlet end is a vaporization section of an open rack vaporizer, and the tube body close to an LNG outlet end is a heating section of the open rack vaporizer. The open rack vaporizer heat exchange tube is characterized in that an annular gap is formed in the tube wall of the tube body of the vaporization section and is filled with a thermoelectric material, and an end cover which is used for preventing the thermoelectric material from leaking is further arranged on the tube wall of the tube body corresponding to the location of the annular gap. According to the open rack vaporizer heat exchange tube, the structure of a heat exchange tube section, of which the difference of heat transfer temperatures of heat exchange fluids inside/outside the tube is maximum, is changed, so that the local heat resistance in a heat exchange process is effectively adjusted, the growth of an ice layer on the surface of a heat exchanger is controlled, and meanwhile, partial cold energy is recovered from the LNG by the thermoelectric material and is converted into electric energy. The open rack vaporizer heat exchange tube can be extensively applied to heat exchange tube manufacturing processes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of open-frame type gasifier heat exchanger tube, particularly can reclaim the open-frame type gasifier heat exchanger tube of LNG cold energy by thermoelectricity about a kind of.
Background technology
In LNG receiving station or gasification station, usually need LNG to be heated to gas at normal temperature and enter city conveying pipe.The gasifier of open-frame type gasifier (ORV) to be a kind of with seawater be thermal source, for the large-scale gasification installation of Basicloadtype, can safe operation in the load range of 0% ~ 105%, and can change adjustment evaporating capacity according to demand.The elementary cell of ORV is heat exchanger tube, form a tabular by some heat exchanger tubes to arrange, two ends are welded by discharge or collector tube and are formed a template tube bank, restrained by several templates again and form gasifier, seawater spraying device is arranged at gasifier top, seawater is sprayed on template tube bank outer surface, relies on the effect of gravity to flow from top to bottom.LNG flows from bottom to top in pipe, and in the process, seawater transfers heat to LNG, makes it heat and gasifies.
All can freeze in the bottom of template tube bank when traditional ORV runs, although there is the higher coefficient of heat transfer in the process that moisture film falls along tube sheet, but because the thermal conductivity factor of ice sheet is far below the thermal conductivity factor of aluminium, the overall heat transfer property of gasifier therefore can be made to decline.In order to improve the problem of outside tube pipe ice making and improve the heat transfer property of gasifier, the structure that SuperORV (super open-frame type gasifier) exchanges heat pipe on traditional ORV basis is improved, and have employed double-deck heat exchange tube structure in LNG gasification section.The double-layer sleeve structure of SuperORV is the compactedness by sacrificing heat exchange structure in essence, increases heat transfer resistance, reduces Local Heat Transfer temperature difference, reaches the object that ice sheet controls.LNG can discharge a large amount of cold energy in the process of gasification, and this part cold energy, in running, directly discharges by traditional ORV and SuperORV, therefore causes the waste of energy.In order to improve the problem of outside tube pipe ice making and improve the heat transfer property of gasifier, be necessary to improve the structure of ORV heat exchanger tube and optimize.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the object of this invention is to provide one and can not only improve outside tube pipe ice making problem, and the open-shelf gasifier heat exchanger tube of LNG cold energy can be reclaimed.
For achieving the above object, the present invention takes following technical scheme: a kind ofly can reclaim the open-frame type gasifier heat exchanger tube of LNG cold energy by thermoelectricity, it is characterized in that: it includes body, enhanced heat exchange structure fin is provided with inside and outside the tube wall of described body, described body near the arrival end of LNG is the gasification section of described open-frame type gasifier, and the described body near the LNG port of export is the bringing-up section of described open-frame type gasifier; The body tube wall being positioned at described gasification section is provided with an annular gap, in described annular gap, fills thermoelectric material; The position of corresponding described annular gap, the tube wall of described body is also arranged an end cap for preventing described thermoelectric material from revealing.
Described thermoelectric material adopts the bismuth telluride thermoelectric material of low thermal conductivity, and its length and thickness set according to actual needs.
One is also plugged for the turbulent element of enhanced heat exchange in described body.
The present invention is owing to taking above technical scheme, it has the following advantages: 1, the present invention owing to being provided with annular gap on the body tube wall of heat exchanger tube gasification section, the thermoelectric material of low thermal conductivity is filled in annular gap, by changing the structure of the maximum heat exchange pipeline section of pipe internal-external heat exchanger fluid heat transferring temperature difference, local increases heat exchange thermal resistance, thus suppress the growth of ice sheet on open-frame type gasifier surface, simultaneously, while heat exchanger tube heating LNG, thermoelectric material reclaims the part cold energy in LNG and is converted into electric energy.2, the present invention is due to the higher pipeline section of the coefficient of heat transfer that the thermoelectric material of low thermal conductivity is arranged on seawater side and LNG side, the temperature difference of thermoelectric material both sides is larger, namely thermograde is comparatively large, and thermoelectric material is higher at the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric in this region, therefore can improve the utilization rate of the energy.3, the present invention owing to plugging turbulent element in body, therefore can aggravate tube fluid turbulence intensity, enhanced heat exchange.4, the present invention is owing to utilizing the cold energy generation of reclaiming, and drive part subsidiary engine, therefore can reduce power consumption, improves the utilization rate of the energy.The present invention can be widely used in the manufacturing process of open-frame type gasifier heat exchanger tube.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present invention, and wherein, (a) is front view, and (b) is upward view, and (c) is the cross-sectional schematic along the A-A line in figure (b);
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional schematic of gasification section of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is cross-sectional schematic of the present invention, and wherein, (a) is gasification section cross-sectional schematic, and (b) is bringing-up section cross-sectional schematic;
Fig. 4 is the thickness distribution schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1 thermoelectric material, and wherein, abscissa represents the length of heat exchanger tube, and unit is m; Ordinate represents thermoelectric material thickness, and unit is mm;
Fig. 5 be existing SuperORV heat exchanger tube along heat exchanger tube pipe range ice layer thickness schematic diagram, wherein, abscissa represents the length of heat exchanger tube, and unit is m; Ordinate represents ice layer thickness, and unit is mm;
Fig. 6 be the conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of the embodiment of the present invention 2 with pipe range distribution curve schematic diagram, wherein, abscissa represents the length of heat exchanger tube, and unit is m; Ordinate represents conversion efficiency of thermoelectric, and unit is %;
Fig. 7 is the experimental result contrast schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2, and wherein, "●" represents the heat exchanger tube of band thermoelectric material, and " ▲ " represents the heat exchanger tube not with thermoelectric material; Abscissa represents the length of heat exchanger tube, and unit is m; Ordinate represents ice layer thickness, and unit is mm.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, of the present invention can thermoelectricity to reclaim the open-frame type gasifier heat exchanger tube of LNG cold energy substantially identical with existing open-frame type gasifier heat exchange tube structure, include body, enhanced heat exchange structure fin is provided with inside and outside tube wall, body near the arrival end of LNG is the gasification section of open-frame type gasifier, and the body near the LNG port of export is the bringing-up section of open-frame type gasifier; Difference of the present invention is: the body tube wall of gasification section is provided with an annular gap, fills thermoelectric material 1 in annular gap; The position of corresponding annular gap, the tube wall of body is also arranged an end cap 2 for preventing thermoelectric material 1 from revealing.
In a preferred embodiment, thermoelectric material 1 is for recovery section cold energy from LNG cold energy, and this part cold energy is converted into electric energy, thermoelectric material 1 can adopt the bismuth telluride thermoelectric material of low thermal conductivity, and its length and thickness can set according to actual needs.
In a preferred embodiment, the height of annular gap and thickness can set according to actual needs.
In a preferred embodiment, one can also be plugged in body for the turbulent element of enhanced heat exchange.
Can the thermoelectricity use procedure of reclaiming the open-frame type gasifier heat exchanger tube of LNG cold energy describe in detail to of the present invention below by specific embodiment;
Embodiment 1:
1) length arranging heat exchanger tube is 6m, in pipe, equivalent diameter is 14mm, and inside pipe, wing ratio is 3.0, and outside pipe, wing ratio is 2.3, pipe external diameter is 37mm, tube thickness is 8.5mm, and tubular body is inserted with turbulent element, and gasification section length is 2.5m, heading-length is 3.5m, annular gap height is 3.2m, and annular gap thickness distribution is thinning gradually along body from LNG arrival end, and original depth is 4.5mm; Fill bismuth telluride thermoelectric material in annular gap, the distribution of its thickness changes (as shown in Figure 4) with along body;
2) LNG arrival end temperature is 113.15K, and seawater inlet temperature is 284.95K;
3) LNG enters the gasification section of heat exchanger tube, gasified by heating of seawater in gasification section, because gasification section is filled with the bismuth telluride thermoelectric material of low thermal conductivity, add heat exchange thermal resistance, therefore, it is possible to control the growth of ice sheet on open-frame type gasifier gasification section surface, reduce heat exchanger tube ice layer thickness, SuperORV can be reached under the same terms for the level of control (as shown in Figure 5) of ice sheet, simultaneously, bismuth telluride thermoelectric material can recovery section cold energy be converted into electric energy, this heat exchanger tube operationally, 0.48kW electric power can be exported, if an open-frame type gasifier comprises 720 heat exchanger tubes, this open-frame type gasifier is in running, 348.4kW electric power can be exported,
4) enter bringing-up section through the LNG of gasification section heating to heat further, be converted into gas at normal temperature, enter conveying pipe and transmit, the LNG port of export is temperature 281.5K.
Embodiment 2:
1) structure of the present embodiment is substantially identical with embodiment 1 structure, unlike: gasification section length is 3m, and the height of annular gap is 3.0m, and the thickness of annular gap is 3.2mm, and in annular gap, filling thickness is the bismuth telluride thermoelectric material of 3.2mm;
2) LNG enters the gasification section of heat exchanger tube, is gasified by heating of seawater in gasification section;
3) enter bringing-up section through the LNG of gasification section heating to heat further, be converted into gas at normal temperature, heat exchanger tube LNG outlet reaches 277.2K, the present invention's heat exchanger tube is while operation, 0.36kW electric power can also be exported, if an open-frame type gasifier comprises 720 heat exchanger tubes, this open-frame type gasifier is in running, 261.2kW electric power can also be exported, its conversion efficiency of thermoelectric is along with the increase of pipe range, the reduction of the temperature difference and reduce (as shown in Figure 6), and average conversion efficiency is about 2.3%.
As shown in Figure 7, the heat exchanger tube of the present embodiment and existing heat exchanger tube are carried out contrast test learn, the maximum ice layer thickness of the present invention's (heat exchanger tube of band thermoelectric material 1) is less than 4mm, the maximum ice layer thickness of existing heat exchanger tube (heat exchanger tube not with thermoelectric material 1) reaches 7mm, as can be seen here, the present invention effectively can adjust the local thermal resistance of its heat transfer process, controls the growth of ice sheet on open-frame type gasifier surface.
The various embodiments described above are only for illustration of the present invention; wherein the structure of each parts, connected mode and manufacture craft etc. all can change to some extent; every equivalents of carrying out on the basis of technical solution of the present invention and improvement, all should not get rid of outside protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. one kind can be reclaimed the open-frame type gasifier heat exchanger tube of LNG cold energy by thermoelectricity, it is characterized in that: it includes body, enhanced heat exchange structure fin is provided with inside and outside the tube wall of described body, described body near the arrival end of LNG is the gasification section of described open-frame type gasifier, and the described body near the LNG port of export is the bringing-up section of described open-frame type gasifier; The body tube wall being positioned at described gasification section is provided with an annular gap, in described annular gap, fills thermoelectric material; The position of corresponding described annular gap, the tube wall of described body is also arranged an end cap for preventing described thermoelectric material from revealing.
2. a kind ofly as claimed in claim 1 can reclaim the open-frame type gasifier heat exchanger tube of LNG cold energy by thermoelectricity, it is characterized in that: described thermoelectric material adopts the bismuth telluride thermoelectric material of low thermal conductivity, and its length and thickness set according to actual needs.
3. a kind ofly as claimed in claim 1 or 2 can reclaim the open-frame type gasifier heat exchanger tube of LNG cold energy by thermoelectricity, it is characterized in that: also plug one in described body for the turbulent element of enhanced heat exchange.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410834464.2A CN104482793A (en) | 2014-12-26 | 2014-12-26 | Open rack vaporizer heat exchange tube capable of thermoelectrically recovering cold energy from LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410834464.2A CN104482793A (en) | 2014-12-26 | 2014-12-26 | Open rack vaporizer heat exchange tube capable of thermoelectrically recovering cold energy from LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) |
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| CN104482793A true CN104482793A (en) | 2015-04-01 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105651104A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-06-08 | 郑州轻工业学院 | Anti-frosting LNG air-heated nanofluid heat exchange pipe |
| CN111157572A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-15 | 西安石油大学 | Prediction and measurement method for ice layer of heat transfer pipe of submerged combustion type gasifier |
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| CN2602186Y (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2004-02-04 | 中国科学技术大学 | Semiconductive temperature difference power generating and hydrogen production apparatus using cold energy of liquefied natural gas |
| US20130008637A1 (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-10 | Aislamientos Suaval, S.A. | Encasement for heat transfer fluid (htf) conduits |
| CN202793134U (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2013-03-13 | 四川空分设备(集团)有限责任公司 | Efficient heat pipe for liquefied natural gas (LNG) vaporizer |
| CN204514152U (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-07-29 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind ofly can reclaim the open-frame type gasifier heat exchanger tube of LNG cold energy by thermoelectricity |
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2014
- 2014-12-26 CN CN201410834464.2A patent/CN104482793A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2602186Y (en) * | 2002-09-24 | 2004-02-04 | 中国科学技术大学 | Semiconductive temperature difference power generating and hydrogen production apparatus using cold energy of liquefied natural gas |
| US20130008637A1 (en) * | 2011-07-08 | 2013-01-10 | Aislamientos Suaval, S.A. | Encasement for heat transfer fluid (htf) conduits |
| CN202793134U (en) * | 2012-07-30 | 2013-03-13 | 四川空分设备(集团)有限责任公司 | Efficient heat pipe for liquefied natural gas (LNG) vaporizer |
| CN204514152U (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2015-07-29 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | A kind ofly can reclaim the open-frame type gasifier heat exchanger tube of LNG cold energy by thermoelectricity |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105651104A (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2016-06-08 | 郑州轻工业学院 | Anti-frosting LNG air-heated nanofluid heat exchange pipe |
| CN105651104B (en) * | 2016-01-04 | 2018-02-27 | 郑州轻工业学院 | A kind of LNG air temperature type nano-fluid heat exchanger tubes of antifrost |
| CN111157572A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-15 | 西安石油大学 | Prediction and measurement method for ice layer of heat transfer pipe of submerged combustion type gasifier |
| CN111157572B (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2022-05-31 | 西安石油大学 | Prediction and measurement method for ice layer of heat transfer pipe of submerged combustion type gasifier |
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