CN101534077A - Solar energy thermo-electric generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a solar thermoelectric power generation device, which is composed of a solar collector, a thermoelectric battery, a cooling pipeline and a heat dissipation system, wherein the cooling pipeline and the thermoelectric battery attached to the surface are placed inside the solar collector, The heat dissipation system is connected with the cooling pipeline. At the same time, the cold end of the thermoelectric battery is in contact with the outer surface of the cooling pipeline, and the hot end of the thermoelectric battery is in contact with the inner surface of the solar collector. The invention solves the heating problem of the hot end of the thermoelectric battery and the cooling problem of the cold end, makes it skillfully combined with the solar heat collector, improves the utilization efficiency of solar energy, and reduces the cost of solar power generation.

Description

Solar thermoelectric power generation device

technical field

The invention relates to a thermoelectric power generation device, in particular to a thermoelectric power generation device using solar energy, which belongs to the field of development and utilization of new energy.

Background technique

When the thermoelectric battery generates power, it is necessary to maintain a large enough temperature difference on both sides of the battery to obtain a large output power. Therefore, at present, the thermoelectric battery is only used as a supplementary power generation method for waste heat power generation or low-power power generation devices. Since the energy density of solar energy is too small to meet the temperature difference requirements of semiconductor thermoelectric batteries, solar energy is only limited to thermal engine power generation and solar cell power generation applications, so thermoelectric batteries are rarely used in solar power generation technology. The use of thermoelectric cells (also known as thermoelectric power generation sheets) for power generation can solve the problem of high cost of traditional solar power generation technology.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a solar thermoelectric power generation device, which solves the heating problem of the hot end of the thermoelectric battery and the cooling problem of the cold end, makes it ingeniously combined with the solar heat collector, improves the utilization efficiency of solar energy, and reduces the cost of solar power generation .

A solar thermoelectric power generation device, comprising a cylindrical solar heat collector with a built-in thermoelectric battery, the solar heat collector is provided with a cooling pipeline, the thermoelectric battery is distributed around the cooling pipeline, and the thermoelectric battery The cold end is in contact with the outer surface of the cooling pipeline for heat exchange, and the hot end of the thermoelectric battery is in contact with the inner surface of the solar collector for heat exchange.

The shape of the cold end of the thermoelectric battery and the outer surface of the cooling pipeline can be different or the same. Corresponding to the cold end of the cooling pipeline and the thermoelectric battery (the outer surface of the casing corresponds to the shape of the cold end of the thermoelectric battery, and the inner surface of the casing corresponds to the shape of the cooling pipeline), which can increase the contact area and is more conducive to heat conduction.

Preferably, a layer of heat conducting substance is coated between the cold end of the thermoelectric battery and the outer surface of the cooling pipeline. In this way, the local gaps at the contact parts can be filled to further improve the heat conduction effect, and the heat conduction material can use existing technologies such as heat conduction silica gel. When the cooling pipeline is covered with a sleeve, a layer of heat-conducting substance is coated between the cold end of the thermoelectric battery and the outer surface of the sleeve of the cooling pipeline.

As a preference, several thermoelectric batteries are distributed around the cooling pipeline, and several thermoelectric batteries can be connected in series or in parallel to meet more output power requirements

Preferably, heat insulating material is filled between two adjacent thermoelectric cells, so that the cooling pipeline can be completely isolated from the solar heat collector, and unnecessary heat conduction can be avoided. The thermal insulation material can be selected from commercially available foam or porous materials. As a further preference, the two ends of the solar heat collector are filled with heat insulating material to completely avoid heat radiation and heat conduction between the cold end and the hot end of the thermoelectric battery, thereby maintaining the maximum temperature difference between the cold end and the hot end of the thermoelectric battery .

As a preference, a heat conductor is filled between the hot end of the thermoelectric battery and the inner surface of the solar heat collector, and the heat conductor can generally be a copper sheet or a copper block. One side of the heat conductor is in close contact with the hot end of the thermoelectric cell, and the other side of the heat conductor is in close contact with the inner surface of the solar heat collector. The heat conductor can increase the contact area of the components that need to perform heat exchange, which is more conducive to heat conduction.

In the present invention, the solar heat collector may be a solar vacuum heat collecting tube or other solar heat collecting devices, and the present invention preferably adopts a solar vacuum heat collecting tube. The solar vacuum heat collecting tube can adopt the prior art, and its heat collecting part is positioned in the cylindrical wall of the solar heat collector.

The cylindrical solar collector can be a cylinder or a square cylinder, and it can also be a structure with one end closed.

In order to keep the relatively low temperature of the cooling pipeline, a heat dissipation system connected with the cooling pipeline is provided. The cooling pipeline can be a closed heat pipe or a non-closed cooling pipeline.

In the present invention, the heat dissipation system may be air-cooled, water-cooled or other cooling systems, and the heat dissipation system may communicate with the inside of the cooling pipeline, or be placed outside the cooling pipeline.

In order to meet the working requirements of the cooling pipeline, the whole device can be placed at a certain angle to the horizontal plane, or it can be placed horizontally, depending on the requirements of the cooling pipeline.

The solar thermoelectric power generation device of the present invention has the following advantages:

The thermoelectric battery is placed inside the solar collector, so that the hot end of the thermoelectric battery can be fully heated; at the same time, the cold end of the thermoelectric battery is close to the cooling pipeline, and the cooling pipeline can quickly take away the heat from the cold end of the thermoelectric battery. Heat, so as to keep the temperature of the cold end from being too high; the cooling pipeline is connected with the heat dissipation system located outside the solar collector, which can further improve the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling pipeline. The design of the present invention keeps the temperature of the hot end of the thermoelectric battery as high as possible, and cools the other side and the cold end of the thermoelectric battery to keep the temperature as low as possible, so that the solar energy is fully utilized and the temperature of the thermoelectric battery is improved. The efficiency reduces the cost of solar power generation.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a solar heat pipe thermoelectric power generation device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of A-A in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the solar heat pipe thermoelectric power generation device of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third embodiment of the solar heat pipe thermoelectric power generation device of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, the solar thermoelectric power generation device of the present invention includes a cylindrical solar heat collector 1 with a thermoelectric battery 2 built in, a cooling pipeline 3 is provided in the solar heat collector 1, and a cooling pipeline is provided outside. 3 connected to the heat dissipation system 4, and the heat dissipation system 4 communicates with the inside of the cooling pipeline 3.

The solar heat collector 1 is a solar vacuum heat collecting tube.

There are four thermoelectric batteries 2 distributed around the cooling pipeline 3. The cold end 21 of each thermoelectric battery 2 is in contact with the outer surface of the cooling pipeline 3 for heat exchange. The hot end 22 of the thermoelectric battery 2 is in contact with the inner surface of the solar collector 1. Surface contact heat transfer.

The cooling pipeline 3 is covered with a sleeve 31 , the outer surface of the sleeve 31 corresponds to the shape of the cold end 21 of the thermoelectric battery 2 , and the inner surface of the sleeve 31 corresponds to the shape of the cooling pipeline 3 . A layer of heat conducting material 32 is coated between the cold end 21 of the thermoelectric battery 2 and the outer surface of the cooling pipeline 3 .

Heat insulation material 33 is filled between two adjacent thermoelectric cells 2 , and heat insulation material 33 a and heat insulation material 33 b are distributed and filled at both ends of solar heat collector 1 .

A thermal conductor 34 is filled between the hot end 22 of the thermoelectric cell 2 and the inner surface of the solar heat collector 1 .

Fig. 3 has provided the schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention, and it comprises solar heat collector 1, thermoelectric battery 2, cooling pipeline 3, heat dissipation system 4, sleeve pipe 31, heat insulating material 33a, heat insulating material 33b and Heat conductor 34.

The solar heat collector 1 adopts U-shaped solar vacuum heat collecting tubes commonly used in solar water heaters, the cooling pipeline 3 uses superconducting heat pipes, and the cooling system 4 is a water tank. The superconducting heat pipe is put into the casing 31 , and the cold end 21 of the thermoelectric battery 2 is closely attached to the surrounding of the casing 31 .

The superconducting heat pipe, the casing 31 and the thermoelectric cell 2 are placed together in the U-shaped solar vacuum heat collecting tube. The hot end 22 of the thermoelectric battery 2 is close to one side of the heat conductor 34, and the other side of the heat conductor 34 is close to the inner surface of the U-shaped solar vacuum heat collection tube. The heat conductor 34 is made of folded metal copper sheet.

The condensing end 42 of the superconducting heat pipe is placed in the cooling system 4, namely the water tank.

The whole device is placed at a certain angle with the horizontal plane, and the placement angle only needs to meet the working requirements of the superconducting heat pipe.

When the device is working, the vacuum heat collecting tube converts direct sunlight, scattering sunlight and sunlight reflected by other reflective surfaces into heat, and transfers the heat to the hot end 22 of the thermoelectric battery 2 through the heat conductor 34 . Thus, the thermoelectric battery 2 starts to work to generate electric energy. In order for the thermoelectric battery 2 to work normally, there should be sufficient temperature difference between the hot end and the cold end of the thermoelectric battery 2 . Since the thermoelectric battery 2 itself has heat transfer characteristics, as the temperature of the hot end 22 of the thermoelectric battery 2 increases, the temperature of the cold end 21 of the thermoelectric battery 2 will also increase. When the heat of the cold end 21 of the thermoelectric battery 2 will pass through The casing 31 is transferred to the evaporation end 41 of the superconducting heat pipe. At this time, the working medium in the superconducting heat pipe will be heated and evaporated into a gaseous state, and the gaseous working medium will run to the upper end of the superconducting heat pipe, that is, the condensation end 42, and the condensation end 42 Cooled by the heat dissipation system 4, the gaseous working fluid in the superconducting heat pipe will become liquid again. Under the effect of gravity, the liquid working medium will flow to the evaporation end 41 of the superconducting heat pipe and be heated to evaporate and condense again. This continuous cycle will continuously take away the heat from the cold end 21 of the thermoelectric battery, thus ensuring the thermal stability of the thermoelectric battery. The temperature difference between the cold end 22 and the cold end 21 makes it generate electricity normally.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of another embodiment of the present invention, which includes a solar collector 1 , a thermoelectric cell 2 , a cooling pipeline 3 , a heat dissipation system 4 , a sleeve 31 , a heat insulating material 33 a, and a heat conductor 34 .

The solar heat collector 1 adopts a straight-through solar vacuum heat collecting tube, the cooling pipeline 3 adopts a loop structure, and the cooling system 4 is a water tank, which is connected with the cooling pipeline 3 .

The cooling pipeline 3 is put into the casing 31 , and the cold end 21 of the thermoelectric battery 2 is tightly attached to the surrounding of the casing 31 .

The cooling pipeline 3, the casing 31 and the thermoelectric battery 2 are placed together in the straight-through solar vacuum heat collection tube. The hot end 22 of the thermoelectric battery 2 is close to one side of the heat conductor 34, and the other side of the heat conductor 34 is close to the inner surface of the straight-through solar vacuum heat collection tube. The heat conductor 34 is made of folded metal copper sheet.

When the device is working, the vacuum heat collecting tube converts direct sunlight, scattering sunlight and sunlight reflected by other reflective surfaces into heat, and transfers the heat to the hot end 22 of the thermoelectric battery 2 through the heat conductor 34 . Thus, the thermoelectric battery 2 starts to work to generate electric energy. In order to make the thermoelectric battery 2 work normally, there should be sufficient temperature difference between the hot end 22 and the cold end 21 of the thermoelectric battery 2 . Since the thermoelectric battery 2 itself has heat transfer characteristics, as the temperature of the hot end 22 of the thermoelectric battery 2 increases, the temperature of the cold end 21 of the thermoelectric battery 2 will also increase. When the heat of the cold end 21 of the thermoelectric battery 2 will pass through The casing 31 is transferred to the cooling pipeline 3. At this time, the working fluid in the cooling pipeline will expand and rise after being heated, enter the cooling water tank and be cooled, and the cooled working fluid will flow back into the cooling pipeline. In order to increase the flow rate of the working medium, the whole device can be placed at a certain angle with the horizontal plane, and gravity can be used to make the working medium flow. A small water pump can also be installed inside the cooling pipeline to help the working medium flow.

The flow of the working medium continuously takes away the heat from the cold end 21 of the thermoelectric battery, thereby ensuring the temperature difference between the hot end 22 and the cold end 21 of the thermoelectric battery, so that it can generate electricity normally. In order to improve heat dissipation efficiency, the cooling pipeline can also adopt a serpentine multi-bend structure.

What enumerated above is only several specific embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to above embodiment, also can have many deformations, all deformations that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from the content disclosed in the present invention, All should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A solar thermoelectric power generation device, comprising a cylindrical solar heat collector (1) with a built-in thermoelectric battery (2), characterized in that: the solar heat collector (1) is provided with a cooling pipeline ( 3), the thermoelectric battery (2) is distributed around the cooling pipeline (3), the cold end (21) of the thermoelectric battery (2) is in contact with the outer surface of the cooling pipeline (3) for heat exchange, and the thermoelectric battery (2) ) of the hot end (22) is in contact with the inner surface of the solar heat collector (1) for heat exchange. 2. The solar thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cooling pipeline (3) is covered with a casing (31), and the outer surface of the casing (31) is in contact with the cooling of the thermoelectric battery (2). The shape of the end (21) is corresponding, and the inner surface of the sleeve (31) is corresponding to the shape of the cooling pipeline (3). 3. The solar thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a layer of heat-conducting substance ( 32). 4. The solar thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thermoelectric batteries (2) are several pieces distributed around the cooling pipeline (3), and two adjacent thermoelectric batteries (2) Heat insulating material (33) is filled therebetween. 5. The solar thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: both ends of the solar heat collector (1) are filled with heat insulating materials (33a, 33b). 6. The solar thermoelectric power generation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: a thermal conductor (34) is filled between the hot end (22) of the thermoelectric battery (2) and the inner surface of the solar heat collector (1) ). 7. The solar thermoelectric power generation device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that the solar heat collector (1) is a solar vacuum heat collecting tube. 8. The solar thermoelectric power generation device according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that a heat dissipation system (4) connected to the cooling pipeline (3) is provided.

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