CN104478615A - Wheat compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Wheat compound fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104478615A CN104478615A CN201410821961.9A CN201410821961A CN104478615A CN 104478615 A CN104478615 A CN 104478615A CN 201410821961 A CN201410821961 A CN 201410821961A CN 104478615 A CN104478615 A CN 104478615A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- fertilizer
- wheat
- chemical mixed
- absorbent resin
- mixed fertilizer
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 225
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 113
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 107
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 claims description 68
- HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N schardinger α-dextrin Chemical compound O1C(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(O)C2O)C(CO)OC2OC(C(C2O)O)C(CO)OC2OC2C(O)C(O)C1OC2CO HFHDHCJBZVLPGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 65
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 48
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 43
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 manganese amino acid Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical group [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,3-difluorophenyl)ethanone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC(F)=C1F PQUXFUBNSYCQAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229940047670 sodium acrylate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 15
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium hydroxide Inorganic materials [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 48
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 41
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 31
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 9
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical group C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000004159 Potassium persulphate Substances 0.000 description 5
- DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bisulfite Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])=O DWAQJAXMDSEUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 5
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 5
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 235000019394 potassium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000010267 sodium hydrogen sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001116 FEMA 4028 Substances 0.000 description 3
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N beta-cyclodextrin Chemical compound OC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1CO WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000011175 beta-cyclodextrine Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229960004853 betadex Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010559 graft polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012966 redox initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 102000004895 Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090001030 Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 2
- USNWAMPROKAEIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].C(C=C)(=O)O Chemical compound [Na].C(C=C)(=O)O USNWAMPROKAEIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical group N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium nitrate Chemical group [NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl N-[2-hydroxy-4-(3-oxomorpholin-4-yl)phenyl]carbamate Chemical compound OC1=C(NC(=O)OCC2=CC=CC=C2)C=CC(=C1)N1CCOCC1=O FFBHFFJDDLITSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229960000935 dehydrated alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000021049 nutrient content Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011837 pasties Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000013278 single fertilization Effects 0.000 description 2
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- ATROHALUCMTWTB-WYMLVPIESA-N (z)-n-diethoxyphosphinothioyloxybenzenecarboximidoyl cyanide Chemical compound CCOP(=S)(OCC)O\N=C(/C#N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ATROHALUCMTWTB-WYMLVPIESA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000270955 Achnatherum calamagrostis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004160 Ammonium persulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001530056 Athelia rolfsii Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000005702 Galium aparine Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000014820 Galium aparine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000017020 Ipomoea batatas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002678 Ipomoea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000125167 Rhopalosiphum padi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000274 adsorptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019395 ammonium persulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007156 chain growth polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GDSRMADSINPKSL-HSEONFRVSA-N gamma-cyclodextrin Chemical compound OC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1CO GDSRMADSINPKSL-HSEONFRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940080345 gamma-cyclodextrin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001473 noxious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of fertilizers, and relates to a wheat compound fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a sustained-release wheat compound fertilizer with water retention and fertilizer retention functions and a preparation method thereof. The wheat compound fertilizer comprises super absorbent resin and an organic and inorganic compound fertilizer, wherein the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer can effectively supplement wheat with nutrients, the super absorbent resin has water retention and fertilizer retention functions and can effectively improve the granule strength and the granulating rate of the fertilizer when mixed with the organic and inorganic compound fertilizer, and energy consumption can be reduced. The wheat compound fertilizer has good water retention and fertilizer retention effects, irrigation times can be reduced, topdressing is not required after one-time fertilization, labor and effort are saved, and meanwhile, the wheat compound fertilizer can increase the yield of wheat and income and is suitable for simple and intensive planting patterns. The preparation method of the wheat compound fertilizer is simple in technology, and raw materials are wide in source and low in cost.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to fertilizer field, be specifically related to grow wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer and preparation method thereof, especially relate to the slowly-releasing wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer and preparation method thereof of a kind of water conservation, fertilizer conservation.
Background technology
Wheat is that originate from Middle East, be the most important food crop of northern China, annual national cultivated area, at 2,500 ten thousand hectares, mainly concentrates on Huang-Huai-Hai plain and the Yangtze valley the grass of extensively plantation all over the world.
Wheat growth be unable to do without water, nutritive element (nutrient), air and sunlight, and wheat is completed by simultaneously stability nutrient during absorption moisture the absorption of nutrient, and do not have water, wheat just can not absorb nutrient, can not grow.General often production 100kg wheat grain, need absorb purity nitrogen 3.00kg, phosphorus (P
2o
5) 1.00kg-1.50kg, potassium (K
2o) 2.00kg-4.00kg, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio are about 3:1:3.According to growth-development law and the nutritional characteristic of wheat, traditional way is: answer heavy base fertilizer application, generally should account for the 60%-80% of total rate of fertilizer application, topdresses to account for 40%-20% and be advisable.The base fertilizer of wheat should based on farm manure, compounding application chemical fertilizer.Generally execute on the basis of farm manure 2000kg-3000kg for every mu, common 45% Chemical Mixed Fertilizer 40kg-50kg.Not enough for base fertilizer, sow more late three few class wheatlands of tillering, will topdress early, generally all will take the measure that the spring fertilizer winter executes, freeze water topdress in conjunction with watering, can apply fertilizer around slight snow, every mu imposes urea 10-20kg; For relatively sufficient, one, two many class wheatlands of tillering that base fertilizer is executed, to can stand up at wheat according to growing way and population profile, the jointing stage takes the circumstances into consideration to topdress, and coordinate and water.But at present rural laborer is the middle-aged women of old man and more than 50 years old, a large amount of fertilizer of winter wheat, topdress, watering implements more difficult, and increase planting cost.Promote disposable base fertilizer, do not need the simple economized planting patterns of topdressing significant.
The Chinese patent of publication number CN 1587211A discloses a kind of production method of water preserving type film coated urea fertilizer, and the Chinese patent of publication number CN101792354A discloses a kind of drought-resistance water-retention sustained-release compound fertilizer and production method thereof.Above-mentioned patented technology is all that complicated process of preparation, Water-saving effect are limited, high expensive by adding the water conservation or drought resisting compound fertilizer that water-holding agent and tackiness agent formed at fertilizer surface coating.And because most of water-holding agent is responsive to salinity, after absorbing nutrient, Water-saving effect can reduce greatly.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, for the defect that prior art exists, the object of the invention is to provide grow wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer and preparation method thereof.
For realizing object of the present invention, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
One grow wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, comprises super absorbent resin and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.
In some embodiments, described in wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention, the mass ratio of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and described super absorbent resin is 96 ~ 105:4 ~ 1, preferably 101:3 ~ 103:3.
In some embodiments, super absorbent resin described in wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention is be made up of the graftomer of starch and Acrylic Acid Monomer and cyclodextrin, and described starch is connected with the hydrogen bond that the carboxyl in vinylformic acid is formed with the hydrophobic region of described cyclodextrin by cyclodextrin cavity inside configuration with the graftomer of Acrylic Acid Monomer.
Wherein, described in described super absorbent resin, the graftomer of starch and Acrylic Acid Monomer has structure shown in formula I,
Wherein ， ﹏ is starch chain; X is the quantity of acrylate monomers on polymer graft side chain, and y is the quantity of Acrylic Acid Monomer on polymer graft side chain.
In some embodiments, the x/ (x+y)=50% ~ 70% of the graftomer of starch and Acrylic Acid Monomer described in described super absorbent resin.
In some embodiments, described in wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention, compound organic and inorganic fertilizer comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and composite trace element.
In some embodiments, N:P in compound organic and inorganic fertilizer described in wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention
2o
5: K
2o weight ratio is (16-27): (8-16): (7-12).
In some preferred embodiments, N:P in compound organic and inorganic fertilizer described in wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention
2o
5: K
2o is weight ratio 26:14:8.
Wherein, in some embodiments, the existence form of nitrogen described in wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention is one or more in urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, bicarbonate of ammonia or ammonium nitrate; The existence form of described phosphorus is monoammonium phosphate; The existence form of described potassium is Repone K; Described composite trace element comprises one or more in zinc, manganese, boron, copper, iron or xanthohumic acid.
In some embodiments, wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention, it is made up of following raw material:
60% 135 parts, Repone K, 57% monoammonium phosphate 305 parts, 46.2% 475 parts, urea, 23.5% ammonium chloride 25 parts, 40 parts, bicarbonate of ammonia, composite trace element 30 parts, super absorbent resin 30 parts.
In some preferred embodiments, described in wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention, composite trace element is made up of amino-acid zinc, manganese amino acid, boric acid, amino acid copper, amino acid iron, xanthohumic acid.
Further, in some preferred embodiments, in wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention, in described composite trace element, the weight ratio of amino-acid zinc, manganese amino acid, boric acid, amino acid copper, amino acid iron, xanthohumic acid is 10:7:5:1:3:4.
The preparation method that present invention also offers above-mentioned wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is super absorbent resin and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer mixing granulation.
As shown from the above technical solution, wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention comprises super absorbent resin and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.Wherein organic-inorganic compound fertilizer effectively can supplement the nutrient of Wheat Production, and super absorbent resin has water conservation and function of fertilizer retention, effectively improves fertiliser granulates intensity and balling ratio with organic-inorganic compound fertilizer mixing energy, reduces energy consumption.Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer water conservation of the present invention, fertilizer conservation are effective, can reduce pouring number of times, single fertilization, not need to topdress, save labor, make wheat increase yield simultaneously, increase income, and are suitable for simple economized planting patterns.Preparation method's technique of wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention is simple, and raw material sources is wide, with low cost.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The invention provides a grow wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, comprise super absorbent resin and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.
Wherein super absorbent resin is a kind of novel functional high molecule material, has hydrophilic radical, and it can absorb the moisture of own wt hundreds of and even thousands of times, nontoxic, harmless, pollution-free; Suction water retention capacity is strong, can repeatedly release water, water suction, also has absorption keying action to a certain degree to some fertilizer.
Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention effectively improves fertiliser granulates intensity with super absorbent resin and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer mixing energy, has water conservation and function of fertilizer retention simultaneously.
In some embodiments, described in wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention, the mass ratio of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and described super absorbent resin is 96 ~ 105:4 ~ 1.
In some preferred embodiments, described in wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention, the mass ratio of organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and described super absorbent resin is 101:3 ~ 103:3.
The synthesis of current super absorbent resin fertilizer conservation water-keeping material is all added linking agent and is carried out chemically crosslinked, and degree of crosslinking is high, and interior spatial structure is tight, and absorption keeps fertilizer limited in one's ability.In some embodiments, super absorbent resin described in wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention is be the super absorbent resin of starch graft acrylic acid twining connection agent with cyclodextrin, its internal voids is large, can adsorb in conjunction with more fertilizer small molecules, well can keep fertilizer while water conservation, the present invention is defined as cyclodextrin super absorbent resin.Wherein said cyclodextrin super absorbent resin is be made up of the graftomer of starch and Acrylic Acid Monomer and cyclodextrin, and described starch is connected with the hydrogen bond that the carboxyl in vinylformic acid is formed with the hydrophobic region of described cyclodextrin by cyclodextrin cavity inside configuration with the graftomer of Acrylic Acid Monomer.
Specifically, described cyclodextrin super absorbent resin super absorbent resin, take starch chain as main chain, polyacrylic acid (sodium) forms the graftomer of starch and Acrylic Acid Monomer for graft side chain, and then graftomer and cyclodextrin physical crosslinking form super absorbent resin.Because its molecule of beta-cyclodextrin has slightly tapered hollow cylinder three-dimensional ring structure, in its ring texture, ring is outer hydrophilic, hydrophobic in ring, inside ring containing can with nitrogen, the interactional group of hydrogen atom, by the weak force such as hydrogen bond, Van der Waals force, can inclusion, adsorb organic compound, fertilizer small molecules, polymer molecular chain etc., various organic compound, forms clathrate.In crosslinking reaction, acrylic molecules can through the three-dimensional ring structure of cyclodextrin, in hydrophobic grouping inside ring texture and vinylformic acid, carboxyl forms the weak forces such as hydrogen bond and combines, and chemical reaction does not occur, makes graft product chain and be connected more secure rigid between chain.Polyacrylic acid (sodium) graft side chain, cyclodextrin, the together space crossed network structure with W-Gum chain formation.
Chemically structure is seen, described cyclodextrin super absorbent resin main chain (starch chain) and graft side chain (polyacrylic acid (sodium)) are above containing the hydrophilic functional group such as carboxyl and hydroxyl, and cyclodextrin is also containing hydrophilic functional groups such as hydroxyls.These groups not only have affinity interaction to glassware for drinking water, fertilizer are also had to the affinity interaction of height, make described cyclodextrin super absorbent resin while having water retention, have good function of fertilizer retention.From physical structure, described cyclodextrin super absorbent resin has the three-dimensional space network structure of low crosslinking degree, fertilizer and moisture can be wrapped.
Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention comprises cyclodextrin super absorbent resin and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.After Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention is manured into soil, meet the micro-nano network that water forms omnibearing stereo, by the acting in conjunction of hydrogen bond, Van der Waals force and viscous force, available nutrient of fertilizer caught by net, and reunites in plough horizon, and namely water and fertilizer coupling becomes gluing granule group, increase fertilizer nutrient space scale, reduce water and nutrient rate of migration, reduce water and nutrient loss total amount, thus continue to provide sufficient nutrient for plant-growth.Both significantly can improve utilization rate of fertilizer, significantly can reduce again nutrient loss (runoff, seepage and volatilization three kinds of approach), reduce widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area and greenhouse gas emission.Cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention is along with the degraded of starch and untiing of cyclodextrin physical crosslinking, the fertilizer small molecules that absorption combines can slowly release, the effect of maintenance, slow release fertilizer nutrient can be reached, therefore without the need to adding other chemical slow releases, control-released agent again in Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention, and this slowly-releasing process is pure physical process, centre there is no chemical reaction and occurs, green friendly to environment, can not produce some hazardous and noxious substances.
In some embodiments, in described cyclodextrin super absorbent resin, the graftomer of described starch and Acrylic Acid Monomer has structure shown in formula I,
Wherein ， ﹏ is starch chain; X is the quantity of acrylate on polymer graft side chain (product that vinylformic acid is neutralized by alkali part) monomer, and y is the quantity of Acrylic Acid Monomer on polymer graft side chain.
In some embodiments, the x/ (x+y)=50% ~ 70% of the graftomer of starch and Acrylic Acid Monomer described in described cyclodextrin super absorbent resin.
In some embodiments, in described cyclodextrin super absorbent resin, described starch is W-Gum, yam starch, sweet potato starch, wheat starch or soybean starch.
In some embodiments, in described cyclodextrin super absorbent resin, in described cyclodextrin super absorbent resin, described cyclodextrin is alpha-cylodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin or γ-cyclodextrin.
Wherein, the preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention, comprises the steps:
A, being added water with cyclodextrin by starch mixes, and under protection of inert gas, adds alkali lye and carries out gelatinization;
B, drip in vinylformic acid alkali lye neutralization obtain vinylformic acid/acrylate mixing solutions;
C, under protection of inert gas, step a is obtained the starch of gelatinization, step b obtains vinylformic acid/acrylate mixing solutions mixes with initiator, be warming up to 50-55 DEG C and keep 2 hours, adding dehydrated alcohol and collect white sticky precipitation;
Wherein step a and step b order in no particular order.
Cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention is by starch and vinylformic acid (sodium) monomer-grafted copolyreaction.Namely initiator is passed through, the hydrogen on starch molecule tertiary carbon is made to be produced free radical by seizing, then initiation grafting monomeric acrylic (sodium) graft copolymerization, form Starch with Acrylic Acid free radical, continue to carry out chain growth polymerization reaction with Acrylic Acid Monomer, last chain termination, obtains the graftomer of starch and Acrylic Acid Monomer.Then graftomer and cyclodextrin carry out physical crosslinking, acrylic molecules is through the three-dimensional ring structure of cyclodextrin, and in the hydrophobic grouping inside cyclodextrin ring texture and vinylformic acid, carboxyl forms the weak forces such as hydrogen bond and combines and form cyclodextrin super absorbent resin.Reaction formula is as follows:
Starch must carry out gelatinization before carrying out graft reaction.Starch small grain is at moderate temperatures, swelling in water, and division, the process forming uniform pasty solutions is called as gelatinization.After starch pasting, molecular chain stretches, become more uniform pasty state colloid, for water miscible monomer and initiator, the consistency between monomer, initiator can be improved after starch pasting, monomer molecule is more easily diffused into around starch polymer, contribute to reaction system homogeneity, thus be conducive to graft copolymerization.Starch pasting can make starch pasting by heating (physical action) and adding alkali (chemical action).
In the preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention, in step a, starch use adds alkali gelatinization, and with the starch after gelatinization for Material synthesis High hydrophilous resin, overcomes the shortcoming of hot gelatinization, without the need to heating, can carry out under normal temperature; Gelatinization speed is fast, few with short production cycle during consumption energy consumption; Gelatinization point is easy to control, avoids the too high starch caused of the local temperature too low starch pasting of the aging and local temperature problem that not exclusively causes graft product performance not good rapidly.Stablize to add the High hydrophilous resin water-intake rate that the starch after alkali gelatinization is Material synthesis, reproducible.
In some embodiments, in the preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention, described in step a, alkali lye is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
In some embodiments, in the preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention, described in step a, concentration of lye is 0.5mol/L.
In some embodiments, be logical nitrogen protection under protection of inert gas described in step a in the preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention.
Because cyclodextrin solubleness in water is less, if added together with vinylformic acid by cyclodextrin, cyclodextrin fully can not mix with vinylformic acid, is unfavorable for follow-up graft polymerization reaction.But cyclodextrin is stable in alkali, and is heated more than 200 DEG C and just can decomposes, and strong acid can make its cracking.Therefore, the preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention adds cyclodextrin before starch pasting.During alkali pasted starch, can not there is chemical transformation wherein in cyclodextrin.And in starch pasting process, starch chain ruptures, unfold, and by the continuous mechanical stirring of solution, cyclodextrin is extensively dispersed in solution, is convenient to subsequent reactions and carries out physical crosslinking.
Due to Acrylic Acid Monomer (C
2h
2cOOH) in, carboxyl-content is high, adopt Acrylic Acid Monomer as graft side chain completely, between Acrylic Acid Monomer there is self-crosslinking reaction in the hydrogen bond of easy grafting formation interchain simultaneously, synthetic product spacial framework is caused to occur excessively crosslinked, grid structure is too intensive, internal space is limited, and cause when adsorption fertilizer small molecules and moisture and be difficult to expansion, adsorptive capacity is limited.
In the preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention, step b drips alkali lye and carries out neutralization and obtain vinylformic acid/acrylate mixing solutions in vinylformic acid, avoids the too high absorption affecting fertilizer small molecules and moisture of degree of crosslinking.
In some embodiments, in the preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention, described in step b, alkali lye is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
In some embodiments, in the preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention, described in step b, concentration of lye is about 3mol/L.
In some embodiments, the degree of neutralization neutralized described in step b in the preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention is 50%-70%.Namely the 50%-70% in vinylformic acid is neutralized to acrylate, and the mol ratio of described vinylformic acid and acrylate is 1:1-3:7.
In some preferred embodiments, the degree of neutralization neutralized described in step b in the preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention is 60%.
In some embodiments, in the preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention, step b dropping alkali lye carries out in N-process, needs to control alkali lye and adds speed, avoid alkali lye to release a large amount of thermal conductance and cause vinylformic acid auto-polymerization.
The preparation method step c of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention adopts initiator to cause pasted starch and vinylformic acid/acrylate graft polymerization.
In some embodiments, in the preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention, described in step c, initiator is the mixture that a kind of and sodium bisulfite in Potassium Persulphate, ammonium persulphate or ammonium nitrate forms.
In certain embodiments, in the preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention, described in step c, initiator is Potassium Persulphate and sodium bisulfite, belongs to redox initiation system.Redox initiation system is generally need Oxidizing and Reducing Agents to combine, and just can produce free radical thus initiated polymerization when low temperature.In the present invention, Potassium Persulphate is oxygenant, and sodium bisulfite is reductive agent, they constitutes one group of redox initiator.Can there is redox reaction and produce the free radical of energy initiated polymerization in Potassium Persulphate and sodium bisulfite, thus initiation vinylformic acid (sodium) and starch carry out graft polymerization.
In some embodiments, be logical nitrogen protection under protection of inert gas described in step c in the preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention.
In some embodiments, in the preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention, described in step c, temperature of reaction is 50 DEG C-55 DEG C.
In some embodiments, react described in step c in the preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention and first temperature is set in 50 DEG C, when temperature rises to 50 DEG C, again temperature is adjusted to 55 DEG C, can avoids because buffering temperature is too high and polymerization velocity that is that cause is too fast.
When cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention is for the preparation of wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, after polyreaction, solution is without the need to an organic solvent purifying, and directly can mix with composite fertilizer and make fertilizer.Because super absorbent resin lipoprotein solution has certain viscosity, therefore composite fertilizer balling ratio can be improved.Save production cost simultaneously, simplify production technique.Very strong using value is had in making slow-release compound and mixed fertilizer.
The preparation method of cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention is simple to operate, with low cost, and environmental protection has very high using value and market outlook.
Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention also comprises organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.
In some embodiments, described in wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention, compound organic and inorganic fertilizer comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and composite trace element.
Wherein, in some embodiments, N:P in compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of the present invention
2o
5: K
2o weight ratio is (16-27): (8-16): (7-12).Be preferably N:P
2o
5: K
2o weight ratio is (18-26): 14:8.Be more preferably 26:14:8.
N:P in described compound organic and inorganic fertilizer in certain embodiments
2o
5: K
2o is 18:14:8.N:P in described compound organic and inorganic fertilizer in certain embodiments
2o
5: K
2o is 22:14:8.N:P in described compound organic and inorganic fertilizer in certain embodiments
2o
5: K
2o is 26:14:8.
Nitrogen described in compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of the present invention exists with amidonitrogen or ammonium nitrogen form.As wherein with form of urea exist amidonitrogen; Ammonium nitrogen is there is with ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, bicarbonate of ammonia or ammonium nitrate form.
In some embodiments, nitrogen described in compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of the present invention is one or more in urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, bicarbonate of ammonia or ammonium nitrate.
In some embodiments, the existence form of phosphorus described in compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of the present invention is monoammonium phosphate.
In some embodiments, the existence form of potassium described in compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of the present invention is Repone K.
In some embodiments, described in compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of the present invention, composite trace element comprises one or more in zinc, manganese, boron, copper, iron or xanthohumic acid.
In some embodiments, described in compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of the present invention, trace element is with Amino acids complex, not only can improve farm crop absorbing trace element, and amino acid itself also can be absorbed by farm crop simultaneously, pollution-free.
In some preferred embodiments, zinc described in compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of the present invention, manganese, copper, iron exist with amino acid salts form.
In some preferred embodiments, described in compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of the present invention, boron exists as boric acid.
In certain embodiments, compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of the present invention is made up of Repone K, monoammonium phosphate, urea, ammonium chloride, bicarbonate of ammonia, composite trace element and super absorbent resin.
In some preferred embodiment, described composite trace element is made up of amino-acid zinc, manganese amino acid, boric acid, amino acid copper, amino acid iron, xanthohumic acid.
In certain embodiments, wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention is made up of following raw material:
60% 135 parts, Repone K, 57% monoammonium phosphate 305 parts, 46.2% 475 parts, urea, 23.5% ammonium chloride 25 parts, 40 parts, bicarbonate of ammonia, composite trace element 30 parts, super absorbent resin 30 parts.
In certain embodiments, described in wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention, composite trace element is made up of amino-acid zinc, manganese amino acid, boric acid, amino acid copper, amino acid iron, xanthohumic acid.
Further, in certain embodiments, in composite trace element described in wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention, the weight ratio of amino-acid zinc, manganese amino acid, boric acid, amino acid copper, amino acid iron, xanthohumic acid is 10:7:5:1:3:4.
The preparation method that present invention also offers wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention is super absorbent resin and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer mixing granulation.
In some embodiments, the preparation method of wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention is that super absorbent resin is heated to 85 DEG C of insulations, atomized spray on described compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, granulation.
The invention provides wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer and comprise super absorbent resin and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.Wherein organic-inorganic compound fertilizer effectively can supplement the nutrient of Wheat Production, and super absorbent resin has water conservation and function of fertilizer retention, effectively improves fertiliser granulates intensity and balling ratio with organic-inorganic compound fertilizer mixing energy, reduces energy consumption.Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer water conservation of the present invention, fertilizer conservation are effective, can reduce pouring number of times, single fertilization, not need to topdress, save labor, make wheat increase yield simultaneously, increase income, and are suitable for simple economized planting patterns.Preparation method's technique of wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention is simple, and raw material sources is wide, with low cost.
In order to understand the present invention further, below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.The each raw material preparing cyclodextrin super absorbent resin if no special instructions and each raw material preparing wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer are commercially available prod, buy obtain by commercial channel.
The preparation of embodiment 1, cyclodextrin super absorbent resin of the present invention
1, by 10.0g W-Gum, 0.1g beta-cyclodextrin joins in 100ml four-hole boiling flask, then adds 40ml distilled water, starts electric stirring simultaneously;
2, get 20ml distilled water, be positioned in 50ml beaker, take 0.5g sodium hydroxide and put into this beaker, jog beaker dissolves completely by sodium hydroxide, is configured to the sodium hydroxide solution that concentration is 0.5mol/L.This solution is positioned in stink cupboard and cools; The sodium hydroxide solution being cooled to room temperature is stirred down again and slowly joins in four-hole boiling flask, carry out the gelatinization of starch; A straight-through nitrogen protection in this process;
3, measure 22ml distilled water, be positioned in 50ml beaker, take 2.6g sodium hydroxide and put into this beaker, jog beaker dissolves completely by sodium hydroxide, is configured to the sodium hydroxide solution of 3.1mol/L.This solution is positioned in stink cupboard and cools;
4, measure 10ml vinylformic acid with measuring cup, be positioned in 100ml beaker, be under agitation slowly added drop-wise in vinylformic acid by sodium hydroxide solution cooled in 3.3, obtained degree of neutralization is the vinylformic acid/sodium solution of 60%; Control adds speed and does not release a large amount of thermal conductance and cause vinylformic acid auto-polymerization, after adding, this mixture is cooled to room temperature stand-by;
5, measure 8ml distilled water, be positioned in 50ml beaker, take 0.1g Potassium Persulphate and put into this beaker, stir with glass stick and allow it dissolve completely;
6, measure 8ml distilled water, be positioned in 50ml beaker, take 0.08g sodium bisulfite and put into this beaker, jog beaker dissolves completely by it;
7, successively vinylformic acid/sodium mixed solution, potassium persulfate solution, sodium sulfite solution slowly being poured into and be cooled in the reaction system of room temperature, continuing to stir 30min to mixing, logical nitrogen protection in whole process; Be warming up to 55 DEG C and keep 2 hours.First temperature can be set in 50 DEG C during intensification, must buffering be had when temperature rises to 50 DEG C, now again temperature is adjusted to 55 DEG C, can avoid because buffering temperature is too high and polymerization velocity that is that cause is too fast;
8, pour in 250ml beaker by reacted viscous fluid, the dehydrated alcohol adding 2 times of volumes under stirring precipitates, and now has white sticky Precipitation, again utilizes absolute ethanol washing 2-3 time, obtains white solid sample; Sample scissors is shredded, vacuum-drying 24h at 60 DEG C, with Universalpulverizer high speed pulverization 1min after taking out, obtain white powder and super absorbent resin of the present invention, take out rear enclosed and preserve.
During for the preparation of wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, after polyreaction, solution is without the need to an organic solvent purifying, and directly can mix with composite fertilizer and make fertilizer.Because super absorbent resin lipoprotein solution has certain viscosity, therefore composite fertilizer balling ratio can be improved.Save production cost simultaneously, simplify production technique.Very strong using value is had in making slow-release compound and mixed fertilizer.
Formula table, total nutrient content, the granulation balling ratio of each wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of embodiment 2 to embodiment 10
According to following table 1 formulated wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer.Embodiment 2-embodiment 4 super absorbent resin is purchased from Anhui Run An group, and embodiment 5 to embodiment 7 High hydrophilous resin is resin prepared by embodiment 1.Composite trace element is by amino-acid zinc 10kg, and manganese amino acid 7kg, boric acid 5kg, amino acid copper 1kg, amino acid iron 3kg, xanthohumic acid 4kg form.
Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer preparation method: Repone K, monoammonium phosphate, urea, ammonium chloride, bicarbonate of ammonia, each raw material of composite trace element presses broken after recipe requirements metering, mixing through measuring belt, then is transported in rotary drum granulator, and logical steam rotates granulation; Super absorbent resin is heated in storage tank 85 DEG C of insulations; get in tablets press by volume pump by recipe requirements; by pressurized air atomized spray on organic-inorganic compound fertilizer; rotate granulation, the wheat composite fertilizer that granulation is good cool after Two stage dryer, sieve, anti-caking process, metering, packaging.
The measuring method of granulation balling ratio: get tablets press outlet Chemical Mixed Fertilizer about 1000g at random, in dry in 85 DEG C of electric drying oven with forced convections, through sample spliter division after cooling, then take 100g sample and undertaken by GB15063-2009 appendix A.The results are shown in Table 1.
Finished particle intensity is more than 29 newton, and intensity is high.
Table 1 wheat Compound Mixed Fertilizer Formula, total nutrient content, granulation balling ratio
Embodiment 11, manure trial
1. materials and methods
1.1 experimental field overviews
Experimental field be positioned at the willow agricultural sciences experiment centre in willow village, Sun Tuan town, Suixi County, Anhui, set up in 1981.Soil is Shajiang black soil, and quality belongs to clay loam, middle fertility.Front stubble soybean, output 1605kg/hm
2.Experimental field topsoil (0 ~ 20cm) organic content 20.45g/kg, full nitrogen 0.98g/kg, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen 74mg/kg, available phosphorus (P
2o
5) 23.6mg/kg, available potassium (K
2o) 127mg/kg.
1.2 test design
14 process are established in test.Except space management, process 1 to process 12 Chemical Mixed Fertilizer is all 750kg/hm by rate of fertilizer application
2, base is executed.Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention has 2 kinds 6 formulas (i.e. 2 kinds of each 3 formulas of super absorbent resin), and whole base is executed.Concrete process is as table 2:
The fertilizer applications of table 2 different treatment
| Numbering | Process | Fertilization mode | Remarks |
| 1 | Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 2 | Base is executed | Formula N:P 2O 5:K 2O＝18:14:8 |
| 2 | Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 3 | Base is executed | Formula N:P 2O 5:K 2O＝22:14:8 |
| 3 | Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 4 | Base is executed | Formula N:P 2O 5:K 2O＝26:14:8 |
| 4 | Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 5 | Base is executed | Formula N:P 2O 5:K 2O＝18:14:8 |
| 5 | Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 6 | Base is executed | Formula N:P 2O 5:K 2O＝22:14:8 |
| 6 | Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 7 | Base is executed | Formula N:P 2O 5:K 2O＝26:14:8 |
| 7 | Common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 8 | Base is executed | Formula N:P 2O 5:K 2O＝18:14:8 |
| 8 | Common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 9 | Base is executed | Formula N:P 2O 5:K 2O＝22:14:8 |
| 9 | Common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 10 | Base is executed | Formula N:P 2O 5:K 2O＝26:14:8 |
| 10 | Common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 8 | Base: chase after=6:4 | Formula N:P 2O 5:K 2O＝11:14:8 |
| 11 | Common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 9 | Base: chase after=6:4 | Formula N:P 2O 5:K 2O＝13:14:8 |
| 12 | Common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 10 | Base: chase after=6:4 | Formula N:P 2O 5:K 2O＝16:14:8 |
| 13 | CKN0 | Do not execute nitrogen- | |
| 14 | CK | - |
Note: base: chase after=6:4 is phosphorus, the whole base of potassium is executed, nitrogen base executes 60%, remains 40% nitrogen and imposes.Wherein process 10 and chase after urea 15.2kg, process 11 chases after urea 19.5kg, and process 12 chases after urea 21.6kg.
1.3 trial and vegetative period climatic characteristic
Rear rotary tillage is ploughed deeply, according to design requirements partition on October 4th, 2013 in experimental plot.October 15, subregion fertilising, manually turned over; The drilling of artificial trench digging band water.Broadcast rear knapsack sprayer and spray Volaton control subterranean pest-insect.Micro-spray 40min on the 22nd.On February 23rd, 2014 sprays superstar and prevents and kill off the broadleaf weedss such as Tender Catchweed Bedstraw Herb, and March 12 imposed jointing fertilizer, and common fertile district is irrigated once, and wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer district of the present invention does not topdress, irrigates; Sprayed jinggangmeisu on April 17, derosal, Yamanjing prevent and treat the disease and pests such as banded sclerotial blight, head blight, wheat aphid, weed out the rank grass, May 30, the strain of fixed point sample was fetched for indoor species test, and June 3, the artificial whole district gathered in the crops.The on-the-spot threshing of thresing machine, produced title in fact, surveyed thousand seed weight.Foliage fertilizer and plant-growth regulator is not used in whole breeding time.
Suixi County daily mean temperature in May 31-2014 years on the 11st October in 2013 10.2 DEG C, average 9.1 DEG C high 1.1 DEG C than over the years.Quantity of precipitation 204.2mm, 48.1mm fewer than average 252.3mm over the years.Sunshine time 1480.5h, 105.6h more than average 1374.9h over the years.Wheat turn green after temperature continue higher, ear, bloom in advance, the filling stage extends.Jointing-heading precipitation is on the low side, and filling stage weather condition are superior.
2 results and analysis
2.1 wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizers of the present invention are on the impact of wheat yield
Test-results shows, and the output on experimental plot (process 14) ground is 7492.8kg/hm
2, do not execute nitrogen (process 13) output 7936.8kg/hm
2.Output 9120.1 ~ 9489.9kg/hm executed by the whole base of common fertilizer
2, base 6: chase after 4 process 9677.9 ~ 9963.8kg/hm
2, the process of wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer respectively organizes 9715.5 ~ 10149.4kg/hm
2, wherein described in wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 4 (process 3), embodiment 7, wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer (process 6) process output breaks through 10000kg/hm
2.Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention process executes process volume increase volume increase 3.99% ~ 7.90% than the base of equal rate of fertilizer application; The base 6 of wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 2 (process 1) more identical rate of fertilizer application: chase after 4 (process 10) underproduction 0.79%, the base 6 of the more identical rate of fertilizer application of all the other wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention process: chase after 4 process volume increase 0.49% ~ 3.15% (see table 3).
The Yield compari@of table 3 different treatment
| Numbering | Process | Output (kg/hm 2) | Precedence | Comparatively base is executed ± (%) | Comparatively base 6: chase after 4 ± (%) |
| 1 | Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 2 | 9715.5 | 8 | 6.53 | -0.79 |
| 2 | Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 3 | 9863.5 | 5 | 3.99 | 1.92 |
| 3 | Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 4 | 10125.0 | 2 | 6.69 | 1.62 |
| 4 | Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 5 | 9840.5 | 6 | 7.90 | 0.49 |
| 5 | Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 6 | 9982.5 | 3 | 5.24 | 3.15 |
| 6 | Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 7 | 10149.4 | 1 | 6.95 | 1.86 |
| 7 | Common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 8 | 9120.1 | 12 | ||
| 8 | Common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 9 | 9485.3 | 11 | ||
| 9 | Common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 10 | 9489.9 | 10 | ||
| 10 | Common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 8 | 9792.8 | 7 | ||
| 11 | Common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 9 | 9677.9 | 9 | ||
| 12 | Common Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment 10 | 9963.8 | 4 | ||
| 13 | CKN0 | 7936.8 | 13 | ||
| 14 | CK0 | 7492.8 | 14 |
Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer 3 the process mean yield adding different super absorbent resin is close, executes 3 process on average volume increase 5.73%, 6.68%, illustrate that wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer controlled-release effect of the present invention is obvious than whole base.Than base 6: chase after 4 process and on average increase production 0.92%, 1.83%, but the two difference is remarkable, wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention is described, and relative to imposing jointing, fertile process speech slightly increases production, in this sense, wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention can substitute jointing fertilizer as base manure, saves labor.
2.2 Chemical Mixed Fertilizers of the present invention are on the impact of thousand grain weight of wheat
Thousand quality of the dissimilar fertilizer of table 4
Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer 3 process average thousand quality of adding different super absorbent resin are respectively 46.69g, 46.89g, and executing process than whole base on average increases 0.91g, 1.11g respectively; Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment of the present invention 2-4 3 process average thousand quality are than base 6: chasing after 4 process on average increases 0.17g; Wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in embodiment of the present invention 2-4 3 process average thousand quality are than base 6: the process chasing after 4 on average increases 0.37g (table 4).Show that wheat composite fertilizer fertilizer efficiency of the present invention is comparatively lasting, the wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer fertilizer efficiency persistence of adding cyclodextrin super absorbent resin is better than the wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer adding super absorbent resin.
There is the above results known, under identical amount of nitrogen condition, wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention is managed the whole base of the equal amount of nitrogen of average specific everywhere and is executed process and all increase production, with base 6: chase after the two difference compared with 4 process not remarkable, wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention is described relative to impose jointing fertilizer process for, save labor, cost-saving synergistic, wheat yield is volume increase slightly.The more common fertilization area of wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention waters a water less, and output is also increased production, and illustrates that wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention has water retaining function.Generally speaking, wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer of the present invention can play the effect of cost-saving synergistic as base manure applied once, and in control widespread pollution from the overuse of fertilizers and pesticides in rural area, protection of the environment aspect shows certain advantage.
Claims (10)
1. a grow wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer, comprises super absorbent resin and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer.
2. wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer according to claim 1, the mass ratio of described organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and described super absorbent resin is 96 ~ 105:4 ~ 1, is preferably 101:3 ~ 103:3.
3. wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer according to claim 1 or 2, described super absorbent resin is be made up of the graftomer of starch and Acrylic Acid Monomer and cyclodextrin, and described starch is connected with the hydrogen bond that the carboxyl in vinylformic acid is formed with the hydrophobic region of described cyclodextrin by cyclodextrin cavity inside configuration with the graftomer of Acrylic Acid Monomer.
4. wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer according to claim 3, the graftomer of described starch and Acrylic Acid Monomer has structure shown in formula I,
Wherein ， ﹏ is starch chain; X is the quantity of sodium acrylate monomers on polymer graft side chain, and y is the quantity of Acrylic Acid Monomer on polymer graft side chain.
5. wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer according to claim 1-4 any one, described compound organic and inorganic fertilizer comprises nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and composite trace element.
6. wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer according to claim 5, N:P in described compound organic and inorganic fertilizer
2o
5: K
2o weight ratio is (16-27): (8-16): (7-12).
7. wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer according to claim 5, the existence form of described nitrogen is one or more in urea, ammonium chloride, ammonium sulfate, monoammonium phosphate, bicarbonate of ammonia or ammonium nitrate; The existence form of described phosphorus is monoammonium phosphate; The existence form of described potassium is Repone K; Described composite trace element comprises one or more in zinc, manganese, boron, copper, iron or xanthohumic acid.
8. wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer according to claim 1-7 any one, it is made up of following raw material:
60% 135 parts, Repone K, 57% monoammonium phosphate 305 parts, 46.2% 475 parts, urea, 23.5% ammonium chloride 25 parts, 40 parts, bicarbonate of ammonia, composite trace element 30 parts, super absorbent resin 30 parts.
9. wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer according to claim 7, described composite trace element is made up of amino-acid zinc, manganese amino acid, boric acid, amino acid copper, amino acid iron, xanthohumic acid; In described composite trace element, the weight ratio of amino-acid zinc, manganese amino acid, boric acid, amino acid copper, amino acid iron, xanthohumic acid is 10:7:5:1:3:4.
10. a preparation method for wheat Chemical Mixed Fertilizer described in claim 1, super absorbent resin and organic-inorganic compound fertilizer mixing granulation.
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| CN111004058A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-14 | 杭州丰筑农业科技有限公司 | Phyllostachys praecox inorganic fertilizer and application method thereof |
| CN111440029A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-24 | 雷军 | Traditional Chinese medicine residue slow-release fertilizer |
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| CN1203902A (en) * | 1998-07-15 | 1999-01-06 | 刘成才 | Multicomponent long-acting fertilizer |
| CN102336876A (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2012-02-01 | 西南石油大学 | Preparation method of controlled-degradation high-hygroscopicity resin |
| CN103011986A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-04-03 | 杨万善 | Compound calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1203902A (en) * | 1998-07-15 | 1999-01-06 | 刘成才 | Multicomponent long-acting fertilizer |
| CN102336876A (en) * | 2011-08-02 | 2012-02-01 | 西南石油大学 | Preparation method of controlled-degradation high-hygroscopicity resin |
| CN103011986A (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2013-04-03 | 杨万善 | Compound calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111004058A (en) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-14 | 杭州丰筑农业科技有限公司 | Phyllostachys praecox inorganic fertilizer and application method thereof |
| CN111440029A (en) * | 2020-04-03 | 2020-07-24 | 雷军 | Traditional Chinese medicine residue slow-release fertilizer |
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