CN104475291B - Coating cloud paint removal device - Google Patents
Coating cloud paint removal device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104475291B CN104475291B CN201410795426.0A CN201410795426A CN104475291B CN 104475291 B CN104475291 B CN 104475291B CN 201410795426 A CN201410795426 A CN 201410795426A CN 104475291 B CN104475291 B CN 104475291B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- water
- tank
- cascade
- collecting
- corrugated board
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
- B05B14/00—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material
- B05B14/40—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths
- B05B14/43—Arrangements for collecting, re-using or eliminating excess spraying material for use in spray booths by filtering the air charged with excess material
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Landscapes
- Details Or Accessories Of Spraying Plant Or Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of coating cloud paint removal device, belongs to technical field of environmental protection facilities.Including collecting-tank;Cascade frame, this cascade frame is supported on collecting-tank with airborne in the position of the cell cavity that catchments corresponding to collecting-tank;Cascade, is fixed on cascade frame;Water tank, this water tank is fixed on cascade frame in the position at the top corresponding to cascade, and offers the water filter in will go into water tank with high density state in the bottom of this water tank to the water tank apopore of cascade;For the water circulation mechanism to described cistern water supply, this water circulation mechanism is located at the collecting-tank intracavity of collecting-tank, and is connected with water tank pipeline.Simple in construction, easily manufactured, it is convenient to install;The collecting effect to the paint in coating cloud can be significantly improved, embody the good feature of environmental protection;Skim convenient and the water watering cycle mechanism ideally of collecting-tank intracavity can be made to recycle, being advantageous to saving water resource;Not only low cost, service life are long, and can save paint mist treatment expense without frequently changing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of environmental protection facilities, it is specifically related to a kind of coating cloud paint removal device, draw processing means with coating cloud to match, the coating cloud produced by surface spraying Work places carried out spraying and entering collecting-tank to form the state of cascade before entering coating cloud extraction processing means, made paint dirt be separated from water.
Background technology
When all kinds of workpiece are i.e. made external coating process in the mode of spraying paint with spraying method, spraying operation place particularly spray station often coating cloud fills the air, if can not effectively dispose, the most certainly can seriously undermine the health of online assignment personnel, if and used induced pipe to cause the external world simply, then would easily cause the pollution to environment.In view of this, generally it is equipped with coating cloud in the spraying operation place of opposing open formula and draws processing means, coating cloud draw processing means and make coating cloud air qualified discharge after aerosol process chamber, Water spray clean room, activated carbon adsorption room, photochemical catalytic oxidation room and blower fan wind chamber successively.
For geometry rule relatively and less workpiece of talking in a roundabout way generally can be sprayed paint by machine automatization in fully closed paint spray booth, but and workpiece that volume bigger (typical such as all kinds of furnitures, office desk and chair etc.) special for geometry generally need to be held spray gun in the spraying place of opposing open by workman's hands and complete to spray paint in hand spray mode.Relative to the former, the paint mist treatment difficulty of the latter is much greater, and generally uses aforesaid coating cloud to draw processing means process.
In disclosed Chinese patent literature, the technical information about paint mist treatment device can be seen in, such as CN100441313C, CN100441314C and CN100441315C all recommend there be " paint spray booth of a kind of purification coating cloud ", the common feature of these three patents is suitable for the coating cloud paint removal in the way of Water spray produced in enclosed automatization painting process, after Water spray, pipeline introduce air into clean room and carry out purified treatment.These three patents exist can not by dirty for paint effectively with the logical fraud of water stratification, and need the shortcoming continually strainer filtering cover etc. cleaned or even changed.The cascade that especially structure of the water circle device that patent is instructed is sufficiently complex and water circle device is formed in paint spray booth is not the cascade that filter material truly is formed, limited to the sedimentation capacity of the paint ingredients in coating cloud.
For above-mentioned prior art, the applicant has made positive and useful design, defines technical scheme described below, and proves practicable through simulation test under taking secrecy provision.
Summary of the invention
The task of the present invention be to provide a kind of contribute to simplifying structure and use convenient manufacture with install and use, be conducive to significantly improving the collecting effect to the paint in coating cloud and use embody the preferable feature of environmental protection, be of value to make paint dirty in collecting-tank effectively layering and using save the water resource of spray, have the service life being easy to significantly extend the cascade as filter material and use the coating cloud paint removal device of saving use cost.
The task of the present invention is performed by, and a kind of coating cloud paint removal device, including a collecting-tank;One cascade frame, this cascade frame is supported on collecting-tank with airborne in the position of the cell cavity that catchments corresponding to collecting-tank;One cascade, this cascade is fixed on described cascade frame;One water tank, this water tank is fixed on described cascade frame in the position at the top corresponding to described cascade, and offers the water filter in will go into water tank with high density state in the bottom of this water tank to the water tank apopore of described cascade;One for the water circulation mechanism of described cistern water supply, and this water circulation mechanism is arranged on the collecting-tank intracavity of described collecting-tank, and is connected with water tank pipeline.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, left end and right-hand member in the bottom of described cascade frame are respectively fixed with a cascade frame and prop up bearing, and cascade frame props up bearing and is bearing in the collecting-tank intracavity of described collecting-tank.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, described water circulation mechanism includes motor, water circulating pump and pumping line, motor coordinate with water circulating pump transmission and by water circulating pump together with motor bearing at the collecting-tank intracavity of described collecting-tank, the water circulating pump water inlet of water circulating pump is stretched over the cell cavity that catchments, one end of pumping line is connected with water circulating pump outlet, and the other end is possibly extending up to the top corresponding to described cascade and is connected with described water tank.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, at the collecting-tank intracavity of described collecting-tank and the position corresponding to described water circulating pump water inlet being provided with a filtration net cover, water circulating pump water inlet is corresponding to the middle position of filtration net cover.
In another specific embodiment of the present invention, having sparge pipe at the middle part of described pumping line with level interval connection, the length direction at sparge pipe and the side towards described cascade are provided for the spray-hole to cascade injection with space state.
In an also specific embodiment of the present invention, described cascade by each other in one every one arrange and plural number piece the first corrugated board and the second corrugated board that are together with each other constitute, first corrugated board is constituted has the first corrugated board to tilt Concha Arcae, second corrugated board is constituted has the second corrugated board to tilt Concha Arcae, and the direction of first, second corrugated board inclination Concha Arcae is opposite each other.
In more and in a specific embodiment of the present invention, when the first described corrugated board tilt Concha Arcae be tilted to the left time, the second described corrugated board tilts Concha Arcae and is tilted to the right;And when the first described corrugated board inclination Concha Arcae is tilted to the right, the second described corrugated board tilts Concha Arcae and is tilted to the left.
The present invention's and then in a specific embodiment, first, second described corrugated board tilts the angle of inclination of Concha Arcae and is 20-70 °.
The technical scheme that the present invention provides is owing to being only made up of collecting-tank, cascade frame, cascade, water tank and cycling mechanism, thus structure is very simple, the most easily manufactured, and install and use convenient;Owing to have employed cascade, thus the collecting effect to the paint in coating cloud can be significantly improved, embody the good feature of environmental protection;Can be suspended on the water surface of collecting-tank intracavity owing to dropping down the paint dropping in collecting-tank on cascade, thus skim convenient and the water watering cycle mechanism ideally of collecting-tank intracavity can be made to recycle, be advantageous to saving water resource;Owing to cascade is made up of first, second cheap corrugated board, thus not only low cost, service life long, and paint mist treatment expense can be saved without frequently changing.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is embodiments of the invention structure chart.
Fig. 2 is the detailed structure view of the cascade shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the first application examples schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the second application examples schematic diagram of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment:
Referring to Fig. 1, be presented in Fig. 1: a collecting-tank 1, this collecting-tank 1 is the structure of cuboid;One cascade frame 2, this cascade frame 2 is supported on collecting-tank 1 with airborne in the position of the cell cavity 11 that catchments corresponding to collecting-tank 1;One cascade 3, this cascade 3 is fixed on cascade frame 2 in the mode of setting;One water tank 4, this water tank 4 is fixed on described cascade frame 2 in the position at the top corresponding to cascade 3, and offers the water filter in will go into water tank 4 with high density state in the bottom of this water tank 4 to the water tank apopore 41 of described cascade 3;One for the water circulation mechanism 5 of water tank 4 water storage, and this water circulation mechanism 5 is arranged on the catchmenting in cell cavity 11 of described collecting-tank 1, and is connected with water tank 4 pipeline.
As shown in Figure 1, left end and right-hand member in the bottom of aforementioned cascade frame 2 are respectively fixed with a cascade frame and prop up bearing 21, and cascade frame props up bearing 21 and is bearing in the catchmenting in cell cavity 11 of collecting-tank 1, and is positioned at the two ends of the cell cavity 11 that catchments.
The structure preferably rather than being definitely limited to of aforesaid water circulation mechanism 5 is as follows: include motor 51, water circulating pump 52 and pumping line 53, motor 51 coordinates with water circulating pump 52 transmission and is catchmented in cell cavity 11 by water circulating pump 52 together with what motor 51 was bearing in collecting-tank 1, the water circulating pump water inlet 521 of water circulating pump 52 is stretched over the cell cavity 11 that catchments, one end of pumping line 53 is connected with water circulating pump outlet, and the other end is possibly extending up to the top corresponding to described cascade 3 and is connected with described water tank 4.
Preferably, a filtration net cover 12 it is provided with in the cell cavity 11 that catchments of aforementioned collecting-tank 1 and in the position corresponding to water circulating pump water inlet 521, water circulating pump water inlet 521 is corresponding to the middle position of filtration net cover 12, and filtration net cover 12 is dirty for stopping the paint floating on the water surface catchmented in cell cavity 11.
Preferably, having sparge pipe 531 at the middle part of aforementioned pumping line 53 with level interval connection, the length direction at sparge pipe 531 and the side towards aforementioned cascade 3 (state shown in Fig. 1 is towards right side) are provided for the spray-hole 5311 to cascade 3 injection with space state.Although the quantity of the sparge pipe 531 illustrated in figure is two, but it is clear that can not whereby quantity and limit the present invention, because can be according to increasing and decreasing the quantity of sparge pipe 531.
Refer to Fig. 2 and combine Fig. 1, aforesaid cascade 3 by each other in one every one arrange and plural number piece the first corrugated board 31 and the second corrugated board 32 that are together with each other (sticking together) constitute, first corrugated board 31 is constituted has the first corrugated board to tilt Concha Arcae 311, second corrugated board 32 is constituted has the second corrugated board to tilt Concha Arcae 321, and the direction of first, second corrugated board inclination Concha Arcae 311,321 is opposite each other.In the present embodiment, the first corrugated board tilts Concha Arcae 311 and is tilted to the left, and the second corrugated board tilts Concha Arcae 321 and is tilted to the right.Certainly, it is possible to make the first corrugated board tilt Concha Arcae 311 and be tilted to the right, and the second corrugated board tilts Concha Arcae and is tilted to the left.First, second corrugated board tilts the angle of inclination of Concha Arcae 311,321 and is preferably 20-70 °, is preferably 40-50 °, preferably 45 °, and the present embodiment selects 45 °.First, second corrugated paper 31,32 of this structure is advantageous to the disturbance containing paint current, makes paint dirt efficiently separate with water, and the dirty collection rate of paint reaches more than 95%, and operating cost is low.
Application examples 1:
Referring to Fig. 3, be presented in Fig. 3 paint spray booth 6, the workpiece 7 awaiting spraying paint is in the state hung by suspension hook 8, and certain workpiece 7 is also placed on the workbench 61 of paint spray booth 6.Also show coating cloud in figure 3 and draw processing means 9, this coating cloud is drawn processing means 9 and is positioned at the rear side of coating cloud paint removal device of the present invention, say, that coating cloud paint removal device of the present invention is configured at coating cloud and draws the front road of processing means 9.Coating cloud is drawn processing means 9 and is included discharge chamber 91, airduct 92 and the axial flow blower 921 being arranged in airduct 92, and airduct 92 is connected with discharge chamber 91, and discharge chamber 91 is matched with paint spray booth 6 in the position in the left side corresponding to cascade 3.
By workman's hands hold spray gun (spray gun for paint) workpiece 7 is sprayed paint time, due to the work of axial flow blower 921, coating cloud air press Fig. 3 signal the direction of arrow flowing, Gas inlet tube 92 of going forward side by side, for subsequent treatment.In this process, the water circulation mechanism 5 of the present invention is in running order.The water introduced by water circulating pump water inlet 521 introduces in water tank 4 through pumping line 53 from the water tank water intake interface 42 of water tank 4, the water entered in water tank 4 is filtered from water tank apopore 41 and cascade 3, by sparge pipe 531, cascade 3 is sprayed simultaneously, water follows cascade 3 and trickles downwards to the cell cavity 11 that catchments of collecting-tank 1, so circulates introducing.Meanwhile, coating cloud is washed away by water when by way of cascade 3, and by water be mingled with paint dirt trickle to the cell cavity 11 that catchments, enter into the paint dirt catchmented in cell cavity 11 and be suspended on the water surface.Thus realize the paint mist treatment produced in painting process.
Application examples 2:
Refer to Fig. 4, i.e. set gradually the outer 10d of 10a outside Water spray clean room, activated carbon adsorption room 10b, photochemical catalytic oxidation room 10c and fan shaft air compartment in the position in the left side corresponding to coating cloud paint removal device of the present invention in the position in the left side corresponding to cascade 3, the coating cloud air produced in paint spray booth 6 10a, activated carbon adsorption room 10b and 10a process of photochemical catalytic oxidation outdoor outside Water spray clean room successively after coating cloud paint removal device of the present invention processes, is arranged outside exhaustor 10e by blower fan wind chamber 10d.Remaining is with the description to application examples 1.
Claims (7)
1. a coating cloud paint removal device, it is characterised in that include a collecting-tank (1);One cascade frame (2), this cascade frame (2) is supported on collecting-tank (1) with airborne in the position of the cell cavity that catchments (11) corresponding to collecting-tank (1);One cascade (3), this cascade (3) is fixed on described cascade frame (2);One water tank (4), this water tank (4) is fixed on described cascade frame (2) in the position at the top corresponding to described cascade (3), and offers the water filter in will go into water tank (4) with high density state in the bottom of this water tank (4) to the water tank apopore (41) of described cascade (3);One for the water circulation mechanism (5) supplied water to described water tank (4), this water circulation mechanism (5) is arranged in the cell cavity that catchments (11) of described collecting-tank (1), and is connected with water tank (4) pipeline,Described cascade (3) by each other in one every one arrange and the plural number piece the first corrugated board (31) and the second corrugated board (32) that are together with each other constitute, first corrugated board (31) is constituted has the first corrugated board to tilt Concha Arcae (311), second corrugated board (32) is constituted has the second corrugated board to tilt Concha Arcae (321), and the direction of first, second corrugated board inclination Concha Arcae (311,321) is opposite each other.
Coating cloud paint removal device the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the left end in the bottom of described cascade frame (2) and right-hand member are respectively fixed with a cascade frame and prop up bearing (21), cascade frame props up in the cell cavity that catchments (11) that bearing (21) is bearing in described collecting-tank (1).
Coating cloud paint removal device the most according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described water circulation mechanism (5) includes motor (51), water circulating pump (52) and pumping line (53), motor (51) coordinates with water circulating pump (52) transmission and is bearing in the cell cavity that catchments (11) of described collecting-tank (1) together with motor (51) by water circulating pump (52), the water circulating pump water inlet (521) of water circulating pump (52) is stretched over the cell cavity that catchments (11), one end of pumping line (53) is connected with water circulating pump outlet, the other end is possibly extending up to the top corresponding to described cascade (3) and is connected with described water tank (4).
Coating cloud paint removal device the most according to claim 3, it is characterized in that being provided with a filtration net cover (12) in the cell cavity that catchments (11) of described collecting-tank (1) and in the position corresponding to described water circulating pump water inlet (521), water circulating pump water inlet (521) is corresponding to the middle position of filtration net cover (12).
Coating cloud paint removal device the most according to claim 3, it is characterized in that there is sparge pipe (531) at the middle part of described pumping line (53) with level interval connection, the length direction at sparge pipe (531) and the side towards described cascade (3) are provided for the spray-hole (5311) spraying cascade (3) with space state.
Coating cloud paint removal device the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that when the first described corrugated board inclination Concha Arcae (311) is tilted to the left, the second described corrugated board tilts Concha Arcae (321) and is tilted to the right;And when the first described corrugated board inclination Concha Arcae (311) is tilted to the right, the second described corrugated board tilts Concha Arcae and is tilted to the left.
Coating cloud paint removal device the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that first, second described corrugated board tilts the angle of inclination of Concha Arcae (311,321) and is 20-70 °.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201410795426.0A CN104475291B (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2014-12-19 | Coating cloud paint removal device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN201410795426.0A CN104475291B (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2014-12-19 | Coating cloud paint removal device |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN104475291A CN104475291A (en) | 2015-04-01 |
CN104475291B true CN104475291B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
Family
ID=52749970
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN201410795426.0A Expired - Fee Related CN104475291B (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2014-12-19 | Coating cloud paint removal device |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
CN (1) | CN104475291B (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106111421B (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2019-04-19 | 海宁兄弟家具有限公司 | The air cleaning unit of furniture spray painting cleaning equipment |
CN108097642A (en) * | 2017-12-26 | 2018-06-01 | 苏州贝尔纳德铁路设备有限公司 | A kind of Paint removing process of high-speed EMU wheel pair |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2759574Y (en) * | 2005-01-22 | 2006-02-22 | 郑汉林 | Arrangement for purification of flue gas |
CN202591023U (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2012-12-12 | 浙江鑫光工贸有限公司 | Spray painting dust-cleaning device |
EP2548656A2 (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2013-01-23 | Roisber Servicios, S.L. | Portable paint booth |
CN203343002U (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-12-18 | 季茂顺 | Dust absorbing apparatus for water curtain paint mist of spray booth with double curtains |
CN203944518U (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-11-19 | 刘起元 | The nonpoisonous and tasteless paint spray booth of many filtrations |
CN204338403U (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-05-20 | 江苏新阪神太阳能有限公司 | Coating cloud paint removal device |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002079153A (en) * | 2000-09-04 | 2002-03-19 | Nippon Paint Co Ltd | Operation control method in recycling system fo water based coating material |
-
2014
- 2014-12-19 CN CN201410795426.0A patent/CN104475291B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN2759574Y (en) * | 2005-01-22 | 2006-02-22 | 郑汉林 | Arrangement for purification of flue gas |
EP2548656A2 (en) * | 2011-07-20 | 2013-01-23 | Roisber Servicios, S.L. | Portable paint booth |
CN202591023U (en) * | 2012-04-23 | 2012-12-12 | 浙江鑫光工贸有限公司 | Spray painting dust-cleaning device |
CN203343002U (en) * | 2013-05-30 | 2013-12-18 | 季茂顺 | Dust absorbing apparatus for water curtain paint mist of spray booth with double curtains |
CN203944518U (en) * | 2014-07-14 | 2014-11-19 | 刘起元 | The nonpoisonous and tasteless paint spray booth of many filtrations |
CN204338403U (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2015-05-20 | 江苏新阪神太阳能有限公司 | Coating cloud paint removal device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN104475291A (en) | 2015-04-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN208960582U (en) | A kind of laboratory Intelligent ventilating apparatus | |
CN104958987A (en) | Dust filtering device with two groups of cleaning wheels | |
CN104888572A (en) | Dust filter device | |
CN108479280A (en) | A kind of mechanical dust-extraction unit | |
CN105214400A (en) | Automatic cleaning filter screen deduster | |
CN104475291B (en) | Coating cloud paint removal device | |
CN104289058A (en) | Air filter | |
CN206597405U (en) | Blackboard dust filter unit | |
CN206037175U (en) | Catering trade oil smoke purifies all -in -one | |
CN204338403U (en) | Coating cloud paint removal device | |
CN105387530B (en) | A kind of negative ion air-cleaner with humidifying device | |
CN112460662A (en) | Self-cleaning range hood | |
CN209392937U (en) | A kind of environmental protection air filter | |
CN106345212A (en) | Industrial smoke purification equipment with high efficiency and environmental friendliness | |
CN201049317Y (en) | Self-cleaning electrostatic purifier | |
CN108295599B (en) | Electric automatization industrial dust collector | |
CN215539569U (en) | Workshop air dust removal and purification device for electromechanical engineering | |
CN206566655U (en) | A kind of industrial dedusting equipment | |
CN214664961U (en) | Air purification device installed on fresh air system | |
CN105536420B (en) | A kind of environment-friendly type dust recycling and processing device | |
CN211098076U (en) | Detachable filter element of air purifier | |
CN204745979U (en) | A device for purifying industrial waste gas | |
CN204786838U (en) | Indoor air purification equipment | |
CN204601873U (en) | Workshop exhausting-dusting system | |
CN208952269U (en) | A kind of air purifier of releasable negative oxygen ion |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20160824 Termination date: 20171219 |
|
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |