CN104475110B - Catalyst for preparing Guerbet alcohol and preparation method for catalyst for preparing Guerbet alcohol - Google Patents

Catalyst for preparing Guerbet alcohol and preparation method for catalyst for preparing Guerbet alcohol Download PDF

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CN104475110B
CN104475110B CN201410670726.6A CN201410670726A CN104475110B CN 104475110 B CN104475110 B CN 104475110B CN 201410670726 A CN201410670726 A CN 201410670726A CN 104475110 B CN104475110 B CN 104475110B
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catalyst
intermediate products
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CN104475110A (en
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姚志龙
张芳
周明
罗学清
周玉鹏
毛进池
孙培永
张胜红
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Beijing Enze Fulai Technology Co ltd
Hebei Weiming Biological Technology Co ltd
Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology
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BEIJING ENZE FULAI TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Hebei Weiming Biological Technology Co Ltd
Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/50Improvements relating to the production of bulk chemicals
    • Y02P20/582Recycling of unreacted starting or intermediate materials

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Abstract

The invention aims to provide a catalyst for preparing Guerbet alcohol and a preparation method for the catalyst for preparing Guerbet alcohol. The catalyst consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 45-90% of metal oxides, 0.5-4% of alkali metal hydroxides, 1-4.5% of metal nickel and 3.5-60% of carrier. The catalyst for preparing Guerbet alcohol is solid, easy to separate from reaction products, and relatively simple in after-treatment process. The catalyst has relatively high activity and relatively good stability, especially has excellent Guerbet alcohol selectivity, and has selectivity up to 99% on target products; besides, the catalyst provided by the invention can be recycled, is suitable for industrial production, has a wide prospect, and satisfies the development requirements of the green chemistry in the nowadays society.

Description

A kind of catalyst for preparing Guerbet alcohol and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to chemical field, more particularly to a kind of catalyst and preparation method for preparing Guerbet alcohol.
Background technology
Guerbet alcohol is, through aldol condensation, to make two alcohol molecules that band branch is generated on hydroxyl β positions by low molecule fat alcohol The high-carbon isomery fatty alcohol of chain, after be named as Guerbet (Guerbet) alcohol, actually isomery alcohol.
The characteristics of Guerbet alcohol is, with big branched structure, with molecular weight high, at low temperature in liquid condition, to pierce Swash property low;Guerbet alcohol belongs to saturated alcohols, the characteristic with primary aliphatic alcohols, at high temperature with good oxidation stability.Due to Guerbet alcohol possesses special advantageous property, determines that lattice alcohol has good wettability, greasy property and permeance property, turns into A kind of industrial important excellent aliphatic alcohols raw material;Because Guerbet alcohol has relative molecular mass and branch link high Structure thus with the peculiar property different from straight chain alcohol, low irritant and low molten boiling point, is good lubricant, superfatting agent And antifreezing agent.
Guerbet alcohol is prepared by low molecule primary alconol or secondary alcohol by condensation.Existing Guerbet alcohol is generally It is prepared under conditions of alkali catalyst and heavy metal co-catalyst are present.But the reaction yield of the method is generally 30 ~50%, yield is relatively low, and side reaction is more, and reaction condition requirement is high.
US3119880 discloses a kind of preparation method, and it is being cupric oxide-barium monoxide-oxygen in the basic conditions that the method is Change under chromium catalysis, heating carries out dehydrating condensation.
US4518810 discloses a kind of preparation method, and the method is carried out under alkaline matter and copper-nickel catalyst catalysis Reaction, wherein, copper, the weight ratio of nickel are 1:9~9:1.
US4800077 discloses a kind of preparation method, and the method is under conditions of potassium hydroxide presence, with nickel or oxidation Zinc carries out catalysis preparation for catalyst, and this method yield is higher, up to more than 90%.But in product containing a certain amount of aldehyde and The accessory substances such as unsaturated aldehyde.
CN 1436762 discloses a kind of preparation method, and the method is in the presence of a basic, with the non-of special preparation Crystalline state Ni is catalyst, is heated, dehydrating condensation, and lattice alcohol yield may be up to 90%.
German Henkel KGAA companies disclose a kind of preparation method speciallyying permit clear 61-6806.1986, the method be Under conditions of KOH is present, catalyst is made with lead silicate, yield is up to 80%.
Above-mentioned each method can produce different amounts of soap, and accessory substance such as three in product in the preparation process of Guerbet alcohol Copolymer content is higher, and catalyst cannot be recycled, and serious corrosion is caused to reactor.It is the soap generated except dereaction, People have done the research work of equivalent.DE-AL-2634676 discloses a kind of method for removing soap, the solution of the method acidifying Washing separation is carried out to product, the industrial wastewater containing organic matter and heavy metal can be so produced, environment is caused Pollution.
DE-A-4014736 discloses a kind of method for removing soap, and the method uses the side of the cascade reaction with condenser Method.Wherein, starting material is recycled and condensed water is separated.Contain metal and soap in cooled product.
DE 1953714 disclose it is a kind of remove soap method, the method be product is filtered at room temperature, is centrifuged, Extraction removes the soap of indissoluble, but this will produce the waste water of high metal content.
CN1226418 discloses a kind of method for preparing the Guerbet alcohol without metal and without soap, this method avoid logical Often a large amount of waste water are produced in conventional purge process.The method is obtained the direct separated of Guerbet alcohol, a side by condensation The product alcohol that face obtains there may be raw alcohol, the catalyst on the other hand obtaining and the high molecular weight product being likely to be obtained, instead Answering product can discharge from reative cell.But the method is still unavoidable from the generation of soap in course of reaction, so as to influence product to receive Rate, catalyst cannot recycling utilization.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of catalyst and preparation method for preparing Guerbet alcohol, with solution State problem.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way:
The present invention provides a kind of catalyst for preparing Guerbet alcohol, and catalyst is by metal oxide, alkali metal hydrogen Oxide, metallic nickel and carrier composition.
The mass percent of catalyst each component is:
Metal oxide 45~90%;
Alkali metal hydroxide 0.5~4%;
Metallic nickel 1~4.5%;
Carrier 3.5~60%;
Each component content sum is equal to 100%.
Preferably, the catalyst prod for obtaining is solid catalyst.
Preferably, catalyst can be recycled after regeneration.
The present invention also provides a kind of method prepared as described for Guerbet alcohol catalyst is prepared, including following step Suddenly:
(1) by nickel nitrate deionized water wiring solution-forming, potassium hydroxide deionized water wiring solution-forming;
(2) magnesia and alumina powder are weighed, is added in the diluted nitric acid aqueous solution that mass concentration is 10%, mixing, Extrusion after kneading is uniform, 60-80 DEG C of baking oven dries 2-4 hours, is cooled to normal temperature, and then start program is warming up to 500-600 DEG C of roasting Burn 4-6 hours, realize solid liposome nanoparticle, obtain intermediate products a;
(3) the intermediate products a that will be obtained in step (2), is added in the potassium hydroxide solution of step (1) preparation, dipping After 3-5 hours, 60-80 DEG C dries 12-36 hours, and 500-600 DEG C is calcined 1-4 hours, obtains intermediate products b;
(4) the intermediate products b that will be obtained in step (3), is added in the nickel nitrate solution of step (1) preparation, and dipping 2~ After 4 hours, 100-150 DEG C dries 12-36 hours, and 300-400 DEG C is calcined 1-4 hours, decomposes nitrate, obtains intermediate products c;
(5) the intermediate products c that will be obtained in step (4), ground to obtain finished catalyst after carrying out hydrogen reduction.
The temperature programming of wherein step (2) is concretely comprised the following steps, and is warmed up to 200 DEG C of holding 60min from normal temperature with 90min, so After be warming up to 380 DEG C keep 60min decompose nitrate, be then warming up to 540 DEG C from 380 DEG C.
The mass concentration of nickel nitrate solution is 5-25% in the step (1), the mass concentration of potassium hydroxide solution is 5~ 30%.
Baking oven dries 2.5 hours at 70 DEG C in the step (2), is warming up to 540 DEG C and is calcined 5 hours.
In the step (3), it is added in the potassium hydroxide solution of step (1) preparation, after 4 hours, 70 DEG C dry dipping 24 hours, 540 DEG C were calcined 2 hours, obtain intermediate products b.
The intermediate products b obtained in (3) by step, is added in the nickel nitrate solution of step (1) preparation, dipping 3 After hour, 120 DEG C dry 24 hours, and 340 DEG C are calcined 2 hours, decompose nitrate, obtain intermediate products c.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of the invention is that:The catalyst have high catalytic efficiency, stability it is strong, without two Secondary pollution, can be recycled, high selectivity the features such as, this catalyst has carrier because realizing solid liposome nanoparticle There is special pore structure, because making the selectivity of catalyst more than 92%, be preferably minimized accessory substance, it is to avoid be follow-up Product separation problem, meets the demand for development of Green Chemistry, is adapted to industrialized production, with good economic and social benefit.
Specific embodiment
Clear, complete description will be carried out to the technical scheme of various embodiments of the present invention below, it is clear that described implementation Example is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area is general The resulting all other embodiment on the premise of creative work is not made of logical technical staff, belongs to the present invention and is protected The scope of shield.
Embodiment 1
(1) magnesium oxide powder 60g, alumina powder 40g are weighed respectively, are added to the diluted nitric acid aqueous solution that concentration is 10% In, extrusion after mixing, kneading are uniform, 75 DEG C of baking ovens are dried 2 hours, are cooled to normal temperature, and 200 DEG C of holding 60min are warmed up to by normal temperature, Being warming up to 380 DEG C of holding 60min decomposes nitrate, is warming up to 540 DEG C and is calcined 2.5 hours, realizes solid liposome nanoparticle, obtains Intermediate products a;
(2) by intermediate products a, it is added in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 15%, after impregnating 4 hours, 75 DEG C Drying 2 hours, 540 DEG C are calcined 2.5 hours, obtain intermediate products b;
(3) the intermediate products b that will be obtained, is added in the nickel nitrate solution that mass concentration is 5%, after impregnating 4 hours, 75 DEG C drying 24 hours, be cooled to normal temperature, by normal temperature be warmed up to 200 DEG C holding 60min, be warming up to 380 DEG C keep 60min make nitric acid Salt is decomposed, and is warming up to 540 DEG C and is calcined 2.5 hours, obtains intermediate products c;
(4) intermediate products c, after carrying out hydrogen reduction, obtains finished catalyst.
By the catalyst 5g of Decanol 100g and gained in equipped with interpolation examination thermometer, water knockout drum, reflux condensing tube, nitrogen In wireway, the there-necked flask of the 250mL of magnetic agitation, nitrogen 0.1L/min is continually fed into, be rapidly heated to 200 DEG C, reaction 1.5 Hour, reaction is lowered the temperature after terminating, and product is filtered at room temperature, separating catalyst, and gained filtrate obtains high through vacuum distillation Purity product, yield is 87.7%, and selectivity is 92.4%.
Embodiment 2
(1) magnesium oxide powder 60g, alumina powder 40g are weighed respectively, are added to the diluted nitric acid aqueous solution that concentration is 10% In, extrusion after mixing, kneading are uniform, 75 DEG C of baking ovens are dried 2 hours, are cooled to normal temperature, and 200 DEG C of holding 60min are warmed up to by normal temperature, Being warming up to 380 DEG C of holding 60min decomposes nitrate, is warming up to 540 DEG C and is calcined 2.5 hours, realizes solid liposome nanoparticle, obtains Intermediate products a;
(2) by intermediate products a, it is added in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 15%, after impregnating 2 hours, 80 DEG C Drying 4 hours, 600 DEG C are calcined 4 hours, obtain intermediate products b;The intermediate products b that will be obtained;
(3) the intermediate products b that will be obtained, is added in the nickel nitrate solution that mass concentration is 10%, after impregnating 5 hours, 80 DEG C are dried 2 hours, are cooled to normal temperature, and 200 DEG C of holding 60min are warmed up to by normal temperature, and being warming up to 400 DEG C of holding 60min makes nitre Hydrochlorate is decomposed, and is warming up to 600 DEG C and is calcined 2.5 hours, obtains intermediate products c;
(4) intermediate products c, after carrying out hydrogen reduction, obtains finished catalyst.
By the catalyst 5g of Decanol 100g and gained in equipped with interpolation examination thermometer, water knockout drum, reflux condensing tube, nitrogen In wireway, the there-necked flask of the 250mL of magnetic agitation, nitrogen 0.1L/min is continually fed into, be rapidly heated to 200 DEG C, reaction 1.5 Hour, reaction is lowered the temperature after terminating, and product is filtered at room temperature, separating catalyst, and gained filtrate obtains high through vacuum distillation Purity product, yield is 89.2%, and selectivity is 94.3%.
Embodiment 3
(1) magnesium oxide powder 60g, alumina powder 40g are weighed respectively, are added to the diluted nitric acid aqueous solution that concentration is 10% In, extrusion after mixing, kneading are uniform, 75 DEG C of baking ovens are dried 2 hours, are cooled to normal temperature, and 200 DEG C of holding 60min are warmed up to by normal temperature, Being warming up to 380 DEG C of holding 60min decomposes nitrate, is warming up to 540 DEG C and is calcined 2.5 hours, realizes solid liposome nanoparticle, obtains Intermediate products a;
(2) by intermediate products a, it is added in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 15%, after impregnating 4 hours, 60 DEG C Drying 4 hours, 600 DEG C are calcined 4 hours, obtain intermediate products b;
(3) the intermediate products b that will be obtained, is added in the nickel nitrate solution that mass concentration is 15%, after impregnating 3 hours, 60 DEG C are dried 4 hours, are cooled to normal temperature, and 200 DEG C of holding 60min are warmed up to by normal temperature, and being warming up to 380 DEG C of holding 60min makes nitre Hydrochlorate is decomposed, and is warming up to 540 DEG C and is calcined 2.5 hours, obtains intermediate products c;
(4) intermediate products c, after carrying out hydrogen reduction, obtains finished catalyst.
By the catalyst 5g of Decanol 100g and gained in equipped with interpolation examination thermometer, water knockout drum, reflux condensing tube, nitrogen In wireway, the there-necked flask of the 250mL of magnetic agitation, nitrogen 0.1L/min is continually fed into, be rapidly heated to 200 DEG C, reaction 1.5 Hour, reaction is lowered the temperature after terminating, and product is filtered at room temperature, separating catalyst, and gained filtrate obtains high through vacuum distillation Purity product, yield is 92.4%, and selectivity is 96.0%.
Embodiment 4
(1) magnesium oxide powder 60g, alumina powder 40g are weighed respectively, are added to the diluted nitric acid aqueous solution that concentration is 10% In, extrusion after mixing, kneading are uniform, 75 DEG C of baking ovens are dried 2 hours, are cooled to normal temperature, and 200 DEG C of holding 60min are warmed up to by normal temperature, Being warming up to 380 DEG C of holding 60min decomposes nitrate, is warming up to 540 DEG C and is calcined 2.5 hours, realizes solid liposome nanoparticle, obtains Intermediate products a;
(2) by intermediate products a, it is added in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 15%, after impregnating 4 hours, 80 DEG C Drying 2 hours, 500 DEG C are calcined 2 hours, obtain intermediate products b;
(3) the intermediate products b that will be obtained, is added in the nickel nitrate solution that mass concentration is 20%, after impregnating 4 hours, 70 DEG C are dried 3 hours, are cooled to normal temperature, and 200 DEG C of holding 60min are warmed up to by normal temperature, and being warming up to 380 DEG C of holding 60min makes nitre Hydrochlorate is decomposed, and is warming up to 540 DEG C and is calcined 2.5 hours, obtains intermediate products c;
(4) intermediate products c, after carrying out hydrogen reduction, obtains finished catalyst.
By the catalyst 5g of Decanol 100g and gained in equipped with interpolation examination thermometer, water knockout drum, reflux condensing tube, nitrogen In wireway, the there-necked flask of the 250mL of magnetic agitation, nitrogen 0.1L/min is continually fed into, be rapidly heated to 200 DEG C, reaction 1.5 Hour, reaction is lowered the temperature after terminating, and product is filtered at room temperature, separating catalyst, and gained filtrate obtains high through vacuum distillation Purity product, yield is 95.0%, and selectivity is 99.4%.
Embodiment 5
(1) magnesium oxide powder 60g, alumina powder 40g are weighed respectively, are added to the diluted nitric acid aqueous solution that concentration is 10% In, extrusion after mixing, kneading are uniform, 75 DEG C of baking ovens are dried 2 hours, are cooled to normal temperature, and 200 DEG C of holding 60min are warmed up to by normal temperature, Being warming up to 380 DEG C of holding 60min decomposes nitrate, is warming up to 540 DEG C and is calcined 2.5 hours, realizes solid liposome nanoparticle, obtains Intermediate products a;
(2) by intermediate products a, it is added in the potassium hydroxide solution that mass concentration is 15%, after impregnating 4 hours, 75 DEG C Drying 2 hours, 540 DEG C are calcined 2.5 hours, obtain intermediate products b;
(3) the intermediate products b that will be obtained, is added in the nickel nitrate solution that mass concentration is 2t%, after impregnating 4 hours, 75 DEG C are dried 2 hours, are cooled to normal temperature, and 200 DEG C of holding 60min are warmed up to by normal temperature, and being warming up to 380 DEG C of holding 60min makes nitre Hydrochlorate is decomposed, and is warming up to 540 DEG C and is calcined 2.5 hours, obtains intermediate products c;
(4) intermediate products c, after carrying out hydrogen reduction, obtains finished catalyst.
By the catalyst g of Decanol 100g and gained in equipped with interpolation examination thermometer, water knockout drum, reflux condensing tube, nitrogen In wireway, the there-necked flask of the 250mL of magnetic agitation, nitrogen 0.1L/min is continually fed into, be rapidly heated to 200 DEG C, reaction 1.5 Hour, reaction is lowered the temperature after terminating, and product is filtered at room temperature, separating catalyst, and gained filtrate obtains high through vacuum distillation Purity product, yield is 95.6%, and selectivity is 99.5%.
Embodiment 6
The present invention also provides a kind of application stated for preparing Guerbet alcohol catalyst, it is characterised in that including following step Suddenly:
Before reaction, to nitrogen purge gas is led in reactor, fatty alcohol, 3.9~7.5% fatty alcohol weights are added in the reactor The catalyst of amount, under agitation, is continually fed into 0.05~0.4L/min of nitrogen, is warming up to 190~260 DEG C and reacts 2~3 hours, Reaction is lowered the temperature after terminating, and product is filtered at room temperature, and separating catalyst, filtrate obtains product through vacuum distillation, without again Purifying.
The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and any formal limitation is not made to the present invention, is appointed What those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the present invention, when in the technology using the disclosure above Appearance is made a little change or is modified to the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations, as long as being the content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, Any simple modification, equivalent variations and the modification made to above example according to technical spirit of the invention, still fall within this In the range of inventive technique scheme.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of method for preparing Guerbet alcohol catalyst, it is characterised in that
Comprise the following steps:
(1) by nickel nitrate deionized water wiring solution-forming, potassium hydroxide deionized water wiring solution-forming;
(2) magnesia and alumina powder are weighed, is added in the diluted nitric acid aqueous solution that mass concentration is 10%, mixing, kneading Extrusion after uniform, 60-80 DEG C of baking oven dries 2-4 hours, is cooled to normal temperature, and then start program is warming up to 500-600 DEG C of roasting 4-6 Hour, solid liposome nanoparticle is realized, obtain intermediate products a;
(3) the intermediate products a that will be obtained in step (2), is added in the potassium hydroxide solution of step (1) preparation, and 3-5 is small for dipping Shi Hou, 60-80 DEG C dries 12-36 hours, and 500-600 DEG C is calcined 1-4 hours, obtains intermediate products b;
(4) the intermediate products b that will be obtained in step (3), is added in the nickel nitrate solution of step (1) preparation, and dipping 2~4 is small Shi Hou, 100-150 DEG C dries 12-36 hours, and 300-400 DEG C is calcined 1-4 hours, decomposes nitrate, obtains intermediate products c;
(5) the intermediate products c that will be obtained in step (4), ground to obtain finished catalyst after carrying out hydrogen reduction.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the temperature programming of step (2) is concretely comprised the following steps, and uses 90min 200 DEG C of holding 60min are warmed up to from normal temperature, then heating to 380 DEG C of holding 60min decomposes nitrate, is then risen from 380 DEG C Temperature is to 540 DEG C.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the mass concentration of nickel nitrate solution is 5- in step (1) 25%, the mass concentration of potassium hydroxide solution is 5~30%.
4. method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that baking oven dries 2.5 hours at 75 DEG C in step (2), heats up It is calcined 5 hours to 540 DEG C.
5. method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that in step (3), is added to the hydrogen-oxygen of step (1) preparation Change in potassium solution, after 4 hours, 70 DEG C dry 24 hours dipping, and 540 DEG C are calcined 2 hours, obtain intermediate products b.
6. method according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that in step (4), will be obtained in step (3) in the middle of product Product b, is added in the nickel nitrate solution of step (1) preparation, and after 3 hours, 120 DEG C dry 24 hours dipping, and 340 DEG C of roastings 2 are small When, nitrate is decomposed, obtain intermediate products c.
CN201410670726.6A 2014-11-20 2014-11-20 Catalyst for preparing Guerbet alcohol and preparation method for catalyst for preparing Guerbet alcohol Expired - Fee Related CN104475110B (en)

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CN100389101C (en) * 2005-09-28 2008-05-21 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Production of Guerbet alcohol
CN101659597A (en) * 2009-08-06 2010-03-03 石家庄联合石化有限公司 Method for preparing Guerbet alcohol
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