CN102020533B - Preparation method of guerbet alcohol - Google Patents
Preparation method of guerbet alcohol Download PDFInfo
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- CN102020533B CN102020533B CN 200910117469 CN200910117469A CN102020533B CN 102020533 B CN102020533 B CN 102020533B CN 200910117469 CN200910117469 CN 200910117469 CN 200910117469 A CN200910117469 A CN 200910117469A CN 102020533 B CN102020533 B CN 102020533B
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- alcohol
- fatty alcohol
- metal oxide
- oxide
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of guerbet alcohol. In this method, nano-scale metal oxides are taken as catalysts, strong alkaline substances are taken as cocatalysts, and fatty alcohol is catalyzed and condensed with one water molecule removed at nitrogen atmosphere to obtain the guerbet alcohol. The invention is characterized in that the reaction time is short, the highest yield is up to 92%, the product purity is greater than 96%, and the product selectivity is high (the content of trimers in product is less than 2.5%).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of Guerbet alcohol.
Background technology
The multi-alkyl cyclopentane synthetic oil is a kind of novel high-performance lubricating oil, can be used for space mechanism liquid lubrication, rocket engine and aircraft engine main bearing lubrication.Guerbet alcohol is the main raw material of synthetic multi-alkyl cyclopentane, and its synthetic method is to remove a part water with primary aliphatic alcohols or secondary alcohol through condensation reaction.
US 3119880 disclosed preparation methods are at alkaline condition, and under cupric oxide-barium oxide-chromic oxide catalysis, the heating primary alconol carries out the condensation dehydration reaction, reaction times 10h.
US 4518810 disclosed preparation methods are under alkaline matter and copper-nickel catalysis, and the heating primary alconol carries out the condensation dehydration reaction.US 4800077 disclosed preparation methods are under alkaline matter, nickel or zinc oxide catalysis, and the heating primary alconol carries out the condensation dehydration reaction.These two kinds of method yields are higher, but contain the by products such as a certain amount of aldehyde and unsaturated aldehyde in the product.
Germany Henkel KGAA company makees catalyzer in the disclosed preparation method of the clear 61-6806.1986 of special permission with potassium hydroxide and lead silicate, reaction times 10h, lattice alcohol yield 80%.
CN 1436762 disclosed preparation methods are under the amorphous nickel catalysis of alkaline matter, special preparation, and the heating primary alconol carries out the condensation dehydration reaction, reaction times 1h, lattice alcohol yield 90%, product purity surpasses 90%, but trimer content still higher (2.9-3.2%) in the product.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of Guerbet alcohol.
Chemical equation of the present invention is:
Cat. represents metal oxide and strong alkaline substance in the reaction formula, and R represents C
4-C
22Alkyl.
As catalyzer, as promotor, under nitrogen atmosphere, the condensation of catalysis Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) removes a molecular water, obtains Guerbet alcohol with strong alkaline substance with nano level metal oxide in the present invention.
A kind of preparation method of Guerbet alcohol, it is characterized in that the method with Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) as reactant,, as promotor, under nitrogen atmosphere, carry out back flow reaction and obtain Guerbet alcohol with strong alkaline substance as catalyzer with nano level metal oxide; Described metal oxide is selected from one or both in chromic oxide, barium oxide and the cupric oxide; The carbon number of described Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) is C
6-C
24
In aforesaid method, the particle diameter of nano level metal oxide is 10-100nm.
In aforesaid method, preferred Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) carbon number is C
6-C
14
In aforesaid method, strong alkaline substance is selected from sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.
In aforesaid method, the mass ratio of Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) and strong alkaline substance is 1: 0.005-0.1.
In aforesaid method, the mass ratio of preferred Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) and strong alkaline substance is 1: 0.015-0.06.
In aforesaid method, the mass ratio of Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) and nanosize metal oxide is 1: 0.0002-0.05.
In aforesaid method, the mass ratio of preferred Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) and nanosize metal oxide is 1: 0.001-0.02.
In the laboratory, our concrete preparation process is such: in the three-necked flask that interpolation type thermometer, water trap, reflux condensing tube, nitrogen conduit and induction stirring are housed, add Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18), strong alkaline substance and nanosize metal oxide, fully stir, be rapidly heated to temperature of reaction, react and no longer include moisture to the system and go out, cooling is filtered, washing, drying obtains highly purified product after the underpressure distillation.
The present invention compared with prior art has the following advantages:
1, catalyzer---the nano-metal-oxide by adopting, shorter reaction in the time (in 1 hour) obtain Guerbet alcohol, further improve product yield.
2, by under nitrogen atmosphere, reacting, reduce the generation of poly reaction.
3, simple process, workable.
Preparation method of the present invention, the reaction times is short, and yield is up to 92%, and product purity is greater than 96%, selectivity of product high (trimer content is less than 2.5% in the product), operating process is simple, controllability is strong.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Add 15g KOH, 1000g n-hexyl alcohol and 1g nano chromium oxide in the there-necked flask that interpolation type thermometer, water trap, reflux condensing tube, nitrogen conduit and induction stirring are housed, logical nitrogen gas stirring 10min is warming up to 140 ℃, reaction 45min.Wash with water to neutrality after the reaction mixture cooling, use anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying, filter, underpressure distillation obtains purity greater than 96% water white 2-butyl octanol, yield 92%, trimer content 2.4%.
Embodiment 2
Add 15g NaOH, 1000g n-Heptyl alcohol and the nano oxidized barium of 1.5g in the there-necked flask that interpolation type thermometer, water trap, reflux condensing tube, nitrogen conduit and induction stirring are housed, logical nitrogen gas stirring 5min is warming up to 160 ℃, reaction 40min.Wash with water to neutrality after the reaction mixture cooling, use anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying, filter, underpressure distillation obtains purity greater than 96% water white 2-amyl group nonyl alcohol, yield 92%, trimer content 2.0%.
Embodiment 3
Add 18g KOH, 1000g n-Octanol and 2g nano cupric oxide in the there-necked flask that interpolation type thermometer, water trap, reflux condensing tube, nitrogen conduit and induction stirring are housed, logical nitrogen gas stirring 10min is warming up to 170 ℃, reaction 30min.Wash with water to neutrality after the reaction mixture cooling, use anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying, filter, underpressure distillation obtains purity greater than 96% water white 2-hexyl decyl alcohol.Yield 91%, trimer content 2.0%.
Embodiment 4
In the there-necked flask that interpolation type thermometer, water trap, reflux condensing tube, nitrogen conduit and induction stirring are housed, add 20g KOH, 1000g nonanol-and 2g nano cupric oxide-barium oxide (copper/barium mol ratio 1: 1), logical nitrogen gas stirring 5min, be warming up to 190 ℃, reaction 45min.Wash with water to neutrality after the reaction mixture cooling, use anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying, filter, underpressure distillation obtains purity greater than 96% water white 2-heptyl undecyl alcohol.Yield 90%, trimer content 1.8%.
Embodiment 5
In the there-necked flask that interpolation type thermometer, water trap, reflux condensing tube, nitrogen conduit and induction stirring are housed, add 22g NaOH, 1000g n-dodecanol and 2g nano cupric oxide-chromic oxide (copper/chromium mol ratio 2: 1), be heated to 50 ℃, logical nitrogen gas stirring 10min, be warming up to 200 ℃, reaction 30min.Wash with water to neutrality after the reaction mixture cooling, use anhydrous magnesium sulfate drying, filter, underpressure distillation obtains purity greater than 96% water white 2-hexyl decyl alcohol.Yield 90%, trimer content 1.5%.
Claims (3)
1. the preparation method of a Guerbet alcohol is characterized in that the method is with C
6-C
14Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) as catalyzer,, carries out back flow reaction and obtains Guerbet alcohol as promotor with strong alkaline substance with nano level metal oxide as reactant under nitrogen atmosphere; Described metal oxide is selected from one or both in chromic oxide, barium oxide and the cupric oxide; The carbon number of described Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) is C
6-C
14The particle diameter of described nano level metal oxide is 10-100nm; Strong alkaline substance is selected from sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide; The mass ratio of Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) and strong alkaline substance is 1: 0.005-0.1; The mass ratio of Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) and nanosize metal oxide is 1: 0.0002-0.05.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mass ratio of Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) and strong alkaline substance is 1: 0.015-0.06.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that: the mass ratio of Fatty Alcohol(C12-C14 and C12-C18) and nanosize metal oxide is 1: 0.001-0.02.
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| CN 200910117469 CN102020533B (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2009-09-18 | Preparation method of guerbet alcohol |
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| CN 200910117469 CN102020533B (en) | 2009-09-18 | 2009-09-18 | Preparation method of guerbet alcohol |
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| CN102020533A CN102020533A (en) | 2011-04-20 |
| CN102020533B true CN102020533B (en) | 2013-04-10 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102766487A (en) * | 2012-08-07 | 2012-11-07 | 中国科学技术大学 | Liquid fuel and preparation method thereof |
| CN104475110B (en) * | 2014-11-20 | 2017-05-24 | 河北威铭生物科技有限公司 | Catalyst for preparing Guerbet alcohol and preparation method for catalyst for preparing Guerbet alcohol |
| CN105646149B (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2018-10-26 | 烟台益业化工有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of high-carbon isomery fatty alcohol |
| CN106187759B (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2019-04-05 | 中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 | Guerbet alcohol cyclopentane-carboxylic acid ester lubricant and preparation method thereof |
| CN111018677A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2020-04-17 | 浙江绿科安化学有限公司 | Synthetic method for preparing isomeric lauryl polyoxyethylene ether from n-hexanol |
| CN114853569B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2023-07-11 | 南京威尔药业科技有限公司 | Purification method of octyl dodecanol |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3558716A (en) * | 1965-01-27 | 1971-01-26 | Deutsche Erdoel Ag | Method of producing beta-branched aldehydes |
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2009
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Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3558716A (en) * | 1965-01-27 | 1971-01-26 | Deutsche Erdoel Ag | Method of producing beta-branched aldehydes |
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