CN104467955A - High-sensitivity and high-precision optical fiber identification and calibration method and system - Google Patents
High-sensitivity and high-precision optical fiber identification and calibration method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104467955A CN104467955A CN201410817324.4A CN201410817324A CN104467955A CN 104467955 A CN104467955 A CN 104467955A CN 201410817324 A CN201410817324 A CN 201410817324A CN 104467955 A CN104467955 A CN 104467955A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-sensitivity and high-precision optical fiber identification and calibration method and system. According to the method and system, two photoelectric detectors are adopted, wherein the accuracy of data received by the photoelectric detector 1 is high, and the sensitivity of data of the photoelectric detector 2 is high; only when output results of the two photoelectric detectors both show external disturbance can identification and calibration of optical fibers be conduced according to the data of the photoelectric detector 1, so that the positioning accuracy is guaranteed, the sensitivity is improved, and the false alarm rate is lowered.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fiber identification and calibration technique field, particularly relate to a kind of high sensitivity and high-precision fiber identification scaling method and system.
Background technology
The major areas that communications optical cable involves the interests of the state and the people in communication, the energy and national defence etc. plays key effect.The maintenance of communications optical cable needs to identify optical cable and demarcate.
The inquiry of optical cable and identification: on-the-spot optical cable distribution often many optical cables presents pencil mixed distribution.To accurately find out required optical cable in optical cable upon mixing and there is very large difficulty.And the maintenance time of communications optical cable is of great value, because the communications optical cable long inconvenience caused maintenance time and loss are very large.Identifying numerous optical cable in time, find the optical cable process needing to be serviced or test, is namely inquiry and the identification of optical cable.
The demarcation of optical cable: the Long-Time Service after the construction of optical cable, there is some difference may to cause optical cable actual distribution and construction note.Often need to demarcate the length of optical cable in engineering practice, namely accurately determine optical cable from starting point to the length of test position by certain technological means.
Current optical cable is generally realized by the rice mark of OTDR (optical time domain reflectometer) equipment and optical cable self.Wherein, OTDR equipment is used for the length of line condition in test optical fibre cables optical fiber and optical fiber.Can be observed with or without breakpoint and obvious loss point in optical fiber by OTDR equipment, and determine the optical length of this core fibre.And the length of institute's light-metering fibre is generally 1.005 times of optical cable physical length.The rice mark of the optical cable of wanted route can be calculated according to completion information along the line.Check the rice mark information of numerous optical cable again according to this information, just can find out required optical cable, and carry out next step maintenance of the perfect of completion information or optical cable.Existing optical cable census method needs to be equipped with complete completion information, and this is not available for the optical cable construction under some advance works or particular surroundings.Owing to needing the test result in conjunction with OTDR and verifying required optical cable by the rice mark of optical cable self, so it is complete to need the rice mark on optical cable surface to retain, can not heavy wear, but in the communications optical cable of pipeline construction, the situation of rice mark wearing and tearing is very common.In this case, cause difficulty will to the route of optical cable, thus delay the maintenance time of optical cable, cause unnecessary economic loss.
Also have at present and carry out improving based on traditional OTDR
technology (phase sensitive OTDR technology), its principle as shown in Figure 1, the light that laser (LS) exports converts pulsed light to through acousto-optic modulator (AOM), then erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) paired pulses luminous power is used to amplify, be connected with sensitive optical fibre (circulator) by circulator, the backward Rayleigh scattering light that sensitive optical fibre (sensing fiber) produces arrives photodetector (PD) through circulator and detects again; Although the precision compared to traditional OTDR skill upgrading of the program, program muting sensitivity is lower, cause its rate of false alarm higher.
Therefore, research and develop and a kind ofly can put forward highly sensitive scheme and seem particularly important while guarantee positioning precision.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of high sensitivity and high-precision fiber identification scaling method and system, improve sensitivity while it ensures positioning precision, reduce rate of false alarm.
The object of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of high sensitivity and high-precision fiber identification scaling method, the method comprises:
The light source that LASER Light Source exports is divided into two-way after fiber coupler 1, and a road is designated as T1 light, and it, by fiber coupler 2 and optical fiber A, is sent to fiber coupler 3; Another road is designated as T2 light, and it, by optical fiber B, is sent to fiber coupler 3;
Wherein, T1 light is when by fiber coupler 2 and optical fiber A, and described optical fiber A produces back rayleigh scattering light, and through fiber coupler 2, is sent to photodetector 1; T1 light and T2 light converge to produce and interfere in fiber coupler 3, and are transferred in photodetector 2 through optical fiber C;
When described photodetector 1 all shows external disturbance with the Output rusults of photodetector 2, the identification carrying out optical fiber according to the data of described photodetector 1 is demarcated.
Further, the described data according to described photodetector 1 carry out optical cable identification demarcate comprise:
When disturbance does not occur optical fiber A, corresponding curve is stablized, and when there is disturbance, the correspondence position of this curve violent fluctuation will occur, and the identification being carried out disturbance location by the curve compared before and after disturbance is demarcated.
Further, described by the curve compared before and after disturbance carry out disturbance location identification demarcate comprise:
By comparing the curve before and after disturbance, obtain difference curves;
The peak point τ of described difference curves and disturbance event origination point have following relation to the distance L of optical fiber A front end: τ=2nL/c; Wherein, n is optical fibre refractivity, and c is the light velocity in vacuum;
The width of light source T that the wave peak width Δ z of described difference curves and LASER Light Source export
prelevant, be expressed as: Δ z=cT
p/ 2n.
A kind of high sensitivity and high-precision fiber identification calibration system, this system comprises: LASER Light Source, fiber coupler 1-3, optical fiber A-C and photodetector 1-2;
The light source that described LASER Light Source exports is divided into two-way after fiber coupler 1, and a road is designated as T1 light, and it, by fiber coupler 2 and optical fiber A, is sent to fiber coupler 3; Another road is designated as T2 light, and it, by optical fiber B, is sent to fiber coupler 3;
Wherein, T1 light is when by fiber coupler 2 and optical fiber A, and described optical fiber A produces back rayleigh scattering light, and through fiber coupler 2, is sent to photodetector 1; T1 light and T2 light converge to produce and interfere in fiber coupler 3, and are transferred in photodetector 2 through optical fiber C;
When described photodetector 1 all shows external disturbance with the Output rusults of photodetector 2, the identification carrying out optical fiber according to the data of described photodetector 1 is demarcated.
Further, the described data according to described photodetector 1 carry out optical cable identification demarcate comprise:
When disturbance does not occur optical fiber A, corresponding curve is stablized, and when there is disturbance, the correspondence position of this curve violent fluctuation will occur, and the identification being carried out disturbance location by the curve compared before and after disturbance is demarcated.
Further, described by the curve compared before and after disturbance carry out disturbance location identification demarcate comprise:
By comparing the curve before and after disturbance, obtain difference curves;
The peak point τ of described difference curves and disturbance event origination point have following relation to the distance L of optical fiber A front end: τ=2nL/c; Wherein, n is optical fibre refractivity, and c is the light velocity in vacuum;
The width of light source T that the wave peak width Δ z of described difference curves and LASER Light Source export
prelevant, be expressed as: Δ z=cT
p/ 2n.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, employing two photodetectors of this programme, wherein the data accuracy of photodetector 1 reception is higher, and the data sensitive degree of photodetector 2 is higher; And only when the Output rusults of two photodetectors all shows external disturbance, just carry out the identification demarcation of optical fiber according to the data of photodetector 1, not only ensure that positioning precision also improves sensitivity, reduces rate of false alarm.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required in describing embodiment is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the prerequisite not paying creative work, other accompanying drawings can also be obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 provides for background technology of the present invention
the schematic diagram of technology;
The schematic diagram of a kind of high sensitivity that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one and high-precision fiber identification scaling method;
The acquisition that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one is for the schematic diagram of fiber identification nominal data;
The generation disturbance that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one and curve comparison figure when there is not disturbance;
The schematic diagram of the high sensitivity data that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one;
The light pulse schematic diagram that the LASER Light Source that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one exports;
The schematic diagram of photodetector 1 Output rusults that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one;
The schematic diagram of photodetector 2 Output rusults during the generation vibration that Fig. 8 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 9 for the embodiment of the present invention one provide do not occur to vibrate time photodetector 2 Output rusults schematic diagram;
The vibration that has that Figure 10 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one outputs signal the schematic diagram of peak-to-peak value with photodetector 2 under friction condition.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, be clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on embodiments of the invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one
The schematic diagram of a kind of high sensitivity that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention one and high-precision fiber identification scaling method.As shown in Figure 2, the method can comprise:
The light source that LASER Light Source exports is divided into two-way after fiber coupler 1, and a road is designated as T1 light, and it, by fiber coupler 2 and optical fiber A, is sent to fiber coupler 3; Another road is designated as T2 light, and it, by optical fiber B, is sent to fiber coupler 3;
Wherein, T1 light is when by fiber coupler 2 and optical fiber A, and described optical fiber A produces back rayleigh scattering light, and through fiber coupler 2, is sent to photodetector 1; T1 light and T2 light converge to produce and interfere in fiber coupler 3, and are transferred in photodetector 2 through optical fiber C;
When described photodetector 1 all shows external disturbance with the Output rusults of photodetector 2, the identification carrying out optical fiber according to the data of described photodetector 1 is demarcated.
Also related device is divided into host machine part, continuously box 1 and continuous box 2 in Fig. 2, is connected by optical cable between it.
Specifically, the scheme of the embodiment of the present invention can be divided into two parts, and the higher identification that may be used for optical fiber of data precision that wherein a part obtains is demarcated, and the data sensitive degree that another part obtains is higher, may be used for reducing rate of false alarm.
As shown in Figure 3, its data precision obtained is higher.As previously mentioned, the light source that LASER Light Source exports is divided into two-way after fiber coupler 1, and a road is designated as T1 light, and when it is by fiber coupler 2 and optical fiber A, described optical fiber A produces back rayleigh scattering light, and through fiber coupler 2, is sent to photodetector 1.
In the embodiment of the present invention, adopt narrow linewidth pulse laser as LASER Light Source, light source is greater than output optical pulse width coherence time.In light source pulse width range, the relevant effect of different diffuse lightwave causes the backward Rayleigh scattering waveform detected to have the shape of similar speckle, causing the sudden change of back rayleigh scattering optical interference light intensity under effect of vibration by detecting external disturbance, detection and the location of disturbance can be realized.
Specifically, when perturbation action is on optical fiber A, due to elasto-optical effect, on optical fiber A, the refractive index of relevant position will change, and cause the phase place of light wave modulated.Due to interference effect, the change of phase place to be concerned with causing back scattering the change of light intensity.The moment of light intensity change is corresponding with the position of vibration, thus can obtain the positional information of disturbance generation.
As shown in Figure 4, when there is not disturbance in optical fiber A, corresponding curve is stablized, when there is disturbance, to violent fluctuation be there is in the correspondence position of this curve, the identification being carried out disturbance location by the curve compared before and after disturbance is demarcated: concrete: by comparing the curve before and after disturbance, obtains difference curves; The peak point τ of described difference curves and disturbance event origination point have following relation to the distance L of optical fiber A front end: τ=2nL/c; Wherein, n is optical fibre refractivity, and c is the light velocity in vacuum; The width of light source T that the wave peak width Δ z of described difference curves and LASER Light Source export
prelevant, be expressed as: Δ z=cT
p/ 2n.
As shown in Figure 5, its data sensitive degree obtained is higher.As previously mentioned, the light source that LASER Light Source exports is divided into two-way after fiber coupler 1, and a road is designated as T1 light, and it, by fiber coupler 2 and optical fiber A, is sent to fiber coupler 3; Another road is designated as T2 light, and it, by optical fiber B, is sent to fiber coupler 3; T1 light and T2 light converge to produce and interfere in fiber coupler 3, and are transferred in photodetector 2 through optical fiber C.The light intensity that photodetector 2 receives can be expressed as:
wherein,
for the phase-modulation that extraneous vibration causes, I
0for interferometer exports pulse light intensity, rect (t) is rectangular function, and expression working method is light pulse.
In the embodiment of the present invention, judge currently whether disturbance occurs according to the result of photodetector 2, namely only have when photodetector 1-2 all shows external disturbance, just think and there occurs disturbance event, thus can be reduced rate of false alarm.
On the other hand, also test based on such scheme of the present invention.
LASER Light Source adopts pulse laser, and centre wavelength is 1550nm, and live width is 1kHz, and as shown in Figure 6, pulse duration is 0.2 μ s to light source output optical pulse, and output peak power is 10mW, and repetition rate is 10kHz.
Photodetector 1 and 2 carries out AD conversion by capture card, digital signal is inputed to computer and processes after gathering light intensity signal.The signal of photodetector 1 adopts rolling average and difference to process, and as shown in Figure 7, wherein, vibration location is respectively 0.68 and 5.85km to the difference after 10 cycles are average.The former is for knocking optic cable vibration signal, and the latter is wrong report.From result shown in Fig. 7, only true disturbance (vibration) and wrong report can not be distinguished completely effectively according to the information of photodetector 1.
In order to distinguish the authenticity of extraneous vibration further, the principle shown in application drawing 5 has carried out experimental study in location having, under friction condition, and corresponding output signal respectively as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9.When there being vibration to occur, it is 0.78V that photodetector 2 outputs signal maximum, and minimum value is 0.45V, and signal peak peak difference is 0.78-0.45=0.33V; And during friction generation, signal maximum is 0.56V, and minimum value is 0.46V, and peak-to-peak value difference is only 0.56-0.46=0.1V.Therefore, photodetector 2 can be outputed signal peak-to-peak value difference as the characteristic variable determining whether vibration generation.
In order to determine the threshold value judging the signal peak peak difference that vibration occurs, photodetector 2 when occurring there being friction outputs signal peak-to-peak value and carries out statistical analysis, to having, under friction condition, photodetector 2 outputs signal peak-to-peak value and has carried out 100 samplings, sampled result is (for there being vibration, lower curve is friction to top curve) as shown in Figure 10.As can be seen from Figure 10, when having a vibration, photodetector 2 outputs signal the mean value of peak-to-peak value difference is 0.348V, and undulate quantity is 0.018V; And during friction, the mean value that photodetector 2 outputs signal peak-to-peak value is 0.011V, undulate quantity is 0.01V.Therefore, can select vibration judgment threshold is in an experiment 0.32V, when namely photodetector 2 outputs signal peak-to-peak value difference >0.32V, thinks and has vibration to occur, otherwise, be considered as wrong report.
Adopt two photodetectors in the embodiment of the present invention, wherein the data accuracy of photodetector 1 reception is higher, and the data sensitive degree of photodetector 2 is higher; And only when the Output rusults of two photodetectors all shows external disturbance, just carry out the identification demarcation of optical fiber according to the data of photodetector 1, not only ensure that positioning precision also improves sensitivity, reduces rate of false alarm.
Embodiment two
The embodiment of the present invention two provides a kind of high sensitivity and high-precision fiber identification calibration system, and this method, system comprises: LASER Light Source, fiber coupler 1-3, optical fiber A-C and photodetector 1-2;
The light source that described LASER Light Source exports is divided into two-way after fiber coupler 1, and a road is designated as T1 light, and it, by fiber coupler 2 and optical fiber A, is sent to fiber coupler 3; Another road is designated as T2 light, and it, by optical fiber B, is sent to fiber coupler 3;
Wherein, T1 light is when by fiber coupler 2 and optical fiber A, and described optical fiber A produces back rayleigh scattering light, and through fiber coupler 2, is sent to photodetector 1; T1 light and T2 light converge to produce and interfere in fiber coupler 3, and are transferred in photodetector 2 through optical fiber C;
When described photodetector 1 all shows external disturbance with the Output rusults of photodetector 2, the identification carrying out optical fiber according to the data of described photodetector 1 is demarcated.
Further, the described data according to described photodetector 1 carry out optical cable identification demarcate comprise:
When disturbance does not occur optical fiber A, corresponding curve is stablized, and when there is disturbance, the correspondence position of this curve violent fluctuation will occur, and the identification being carried out disturbance location by the curve compared before and after disturbance is demarcated.
Further, described by the curve compared before and after disturbance carry out disturbance location identification demarcate comprise:
By comparing the curve before and after disturbance, obtain difference curves;
The peak point τ of described difference curves and disturbance event origination point have following relation to the distance L of optical fiber A front end: τ=2nL/c; Wherein, n is optical fibre refractivity, and c is the light velocity in vacuum;
The width of light source T that the wave peak width Δ z of described difference curves and LASER Light Source export
prelevant, be expressed as: Δ z=cT
p/ 2n.
It should be noted that, have a detailed description in the specific implementation of the function that each functional module comprised in said system realizes each embodiment above, therefore here repeat no more.
Those skilled in the art can be well understood to, for convenience and simplicity of description, only be illustrated with the division of above-mentioned each functional module, in practical application, can distribute as required and by above-mentioned functions and be completed by different functional modules, internal structure by system is divided into different functional modules, to complete all or part of function described above.
The above; be only the present invention's preferably embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, is anyly familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the change that can expect easily or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection range of claims.
Claims (6)
1. high sensitivity and a high-precision fiber identification scaling method, it is characterized in that, the method comprises:
The light source that LASER Light Source exports is divided into two-way after fiber coupler 1, and a road is designated as T1 light, and it, by fiber coupler 2 and optical fiber A, is sent to fiber coupler 3; Another road is designated as T2 light, and it, by optical fiber B, is sent to fiber coupler 3;
Wherein, T1 light is when by fiber coupler 2 and optical fiber A, and described optical fiber A produces back rayleigh scattering light, and through fiber coupler 2, is sent to photodetector 1; T1 light and T2 light converge to produce and interfere in fiber coupler 3, and are transferred in photodetector 2 through optical fiber C;
When described photodetector 1 all shows external disturbance with the Output rusults of photodetector 2, the identification carrying out optical fiber according to the data of described photodetector 1 is demarcated.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the identification demarcation that the described data according to described photodetector 1 carry out optical cable comprises:
When disturbance does not occur optical fiber A, corresponding curve is stablized, and when there is disturbance, the correspondence position of this curve violent fluctuation will occur, and the identification being carried out disturbance location by the curve compared before and after disturbance is demarcated.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described by the curve compared before and after disturbance carry out disturbance location identification demarcate comprise:
By comparing the curve before and after disturbance, obtain difference curves;
The peak point τ of described difference curves and disturbance event origination point have following relation to the distance L of optical fiber A front end: τ=2nL/c; Wherein, n is optical fibre refractivity, and c is the light velocity in vacuum;
The width of light source T that the wave peak width Δ z of described difference curves and LASER Light Source export
prelevant, be expressed as: Δ z=cT
p/ 2n.
4. high sensitivity and a high-precision fiber identification calibration system, it is characterized in that, this system comprises: LASER Light Source, fiber coupler 1-3, optical fiber A-C and photodetector 1-2;
The light source that described LASER Light Source exports is divided into two-way after fiber coupler 1, and a road is designated as T1 light, and it, by fiber coupler 2 and optical fiber A, is sent to fiber coupler 3; Another road is designated as T2 light, and it, by optical fiber B, is sent to fiber coupler 3;
Wherein, T1 light is when by fiber coupler 2 and optical fiber A, and described optical fiber A produces back rayleigh scattering light, and through fiber coupler 2, is sent to photodetector 1; T1 light and T2 light converge to produce and interfere in fiber coupler 3, and are transferred in photodetector 2 through optical fiber C;
When described photodetector 1 all shows external disturbance with the Output rusults of photodetector 2, the identification carrying out optical fiber according to the data of described photodetector 1 is demarcated.
5. system according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the identification demarcation that the described data according to described photodetector 1 carry out optical cable comprises:
When disturbance does not occur optical fiber A, corresponding curve is stablized, and when there is disturbance, the correspondence position of this curve violent fluctuation will occur, and the identification being carried out disturbance location by the curve compared before and after disturbance is demarcated.
6. system according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described by the curve compared before and after disturbance carry out disturbance location identification demarcate comprise:
By comparing the curve before and after disturbance, obtain difference curves;
The peak point τ of described difference curves and disturbance event origination point have following relation to the distance L of optical fiber A front end: τ=2nL/c; Wherein, n is optical fibre refractivity, and c is the light velocity in vacuum;
The width of light source T that the wave peak width Δ z of described difference curves and LASER Light Source export
prelevant, be expressed as: Δ z=cT
p/ 2n.
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