CN104467243B - A kind of disk type electric machine stator cooling structure - Google Patents

A kind of disk type electric machine stator cooling structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104467243B
CN104467243B CN201410849578.4A CN201410849578A CN104467243B CN 104467243 B CN104467243 B CN 104467243B CN 201410849578 A CN201410849578 A CN 201410849578A CN 104467243 B CN104467243 B CN 104467243B
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China
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winding
stator
line embedding
embedding groove
groove
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CN104467243A (en
Inventor
王又珑
陈晨
温旭辉
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K3/00Details of windings
    • H02K3/04Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors
    • H02K3/12Windings characterised by the conductor shape, form or construction, e.g. with bar conductors arranged in slots
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K5/00Casings; Enclosures; Supports
    • H02K5/04Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof
    • H02K5/20Casings or enclosures characterised by the shape, form or construction thereof with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium

Abstract

A kind of disk type electric machine stator cooling structure, is made up of motor stator winding (8) and casing (1).Casing (1) is hollow cylindrical, parallel to machine shaft (15).The inwall (2) of casing (1) is circumferentially provided with groove, and this groove is End winding line embedding groove (3).Stator winding is divided into some wire group (17) with line embedding groove slot number identical, and each wire group (17) includes a circle or a few circle windings;In line embedding groove (3) on each wire group difference coil insertion device shell inwall (2) and fixed.Or, the cooling structure of annulus post shapes is set with motor case (1), the outer surface of the cooling structure is coordinated with motor case inwall (2), is fixed together with motor case inwall (2).The inwall of the cooling structure is circumferentially provided with groove, and this groove is End winding line embedding groove (3);Stator winding is equally divided into some wire groups (17) with the slot number identical of line embedding groove (3), puts in line embedding groove (3) and fixed.

Description

A kind of disk type electric machine stator cooling structure
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of disc type electric machine, more particularly to a kind of disk type coreless motor stator cooling structure.
Background technology
Disc type electric machine small volume, lightweight, axial dimension is short, and power density is high.Disk type coreless magneto mainly by Stator, rotor, rotating shaft and casing are constituted, and wherein, stator and rotor are flat annular disc structure, be referred to as stator around Group disk and rotor magnetic steel disk, abbreviation stator disc and rotor disk.The coil that stator disc is generally made up of copper conductor is arranged by certain way Row, then by the material cast molding such as epoxy resin.Rotor disk is generally sequentially arranged in rotor by the permanent magnet of different magnetizing directions Formed on yoke.Stator disc and rotor disk are sequentially arranged on electrical axis, plane and motor shaft that stator disc and rotor disk are located To vertical.
During motor operation, in stator winding, there is electric current to pass through, produce loss, stator winding generates heat.With disc type in recent years The continuous development of motor technology and range of application are increasingly extensive, the performance requirement more and more higher to disc type electric machine.The temperature rise of motor It is an important indicator of motor performance, and the heat-sinking capability of motor is the deciding factor of motor temperature rise.At present, disc type electricity Owner will be radiated using the type of cooling of air-cooled or outside water-cooled.With the disc type of modal double rotor single stator structure without As a example by motor unshakable in one's determination, due to the construction featuress of disc type electric machine, stator winding disk is located between two rotor magnetic steel disks, stator disc and Air gap very little between rotor disk, the heat that stator winding is produced are distributed in the radial direction annular space centered on rotating shaft. As the size that heat is distributed in axial direction is very short, the therefore radiating to stator winding causes larger difficulty.And it is traditional Air-cooled or outside water-cooled the type of cooling, as cooling medium cannot be fully contacted with stator winding, so as to heat-sinking capability is non- Often limited.Existing disc type electric machine basic structure is as shown in figure 1, the contact area of wherein stator winding outer end and motor case Very limited, in motor long-play or high-power operation, heat-sinking capability cannot generally meet requirement.
Patent CN201956765U proposes a kind of disc type for arranging S-shaped mozzle along stator circumference between stator coil Motor, radiating mozzle include that S-shaped radiating segment, liquid feeding end and liquid outlet, S type radiating segments include radiate straightway and connection radiating The radiating linkage section of straightway, coil straightway of the straightway with stator coil along stator radial arrangement that radiate are adapted, radiating Linkage section is connected the coil linkage section of coil straightway and is adapted with stator coil, and the wire of coil straightway wire harness is centered around scattered On hot straightway outer surface, the wire of coil linkage section wire harness is centered around on radiating linkage section outer surface, liquid feeding end and liquid outlet It is arranged on disk stators circumference side.The deficiency of this structure is to need additional draft tube structure realize, on the one hand may be used Space can be caused to increase, another aspect structure is more complicated.
Patent CN102611223A provides a kind of water-cooling structure of axial flux permanent magnet wind-driven generator, in stator core Disk body in cooling sandwith layer is set, cooling sandwith layer surface is provided with water inlet and outlet, and cooling sandwith layer is internally provided with and enters The coolant flow channel that the mouth of a river is connected with outlet;Coolant flow channel is in double-spiral structure along motor radial direction, and in stator core Connected by bend pipe at rotating shaft in disk body.The deficiency of this structure is in the disk body of stator core to arrange cooling sandwith layer, Cored disc type electric machine is may be only available for, and the radial alignment part of winding can only be cooled down, it is impossible to cool down winding overhang, and around Group end is the region of a high heating again, needs to consider in radiating.
Patent CN203537176U proposes a kind of compact high performance disc type electric machine water-cooling structure, the stator ferrum of annular Wicking surface is radially even to be distributed with some grooves, is raised stator core teeth portion between two neighboring groove, each stator Iron core teeth portion is mounted on stator winding coil, is provided with S type cooling water pipes in the groove of stator core, S types cooling water pipe with Stator winding coil is fitted.The deficiency of this type of cooling is that structure is more complicated, needs for cooling tube slot milling, reduce around The utilization rate in group space, and cooling water pipe is S-type, and therefore having 1/2nd winding overhang can not directly be connect with cooling water pipe Touch, radiate uneven.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome disc type motor stator winding poor cooling performance in prior art, heat-sinking capability is not enough or The shortcoming of additional heat radiation structure is needed, a kind of disk type electric machine stator cooling structure is proposed.The present invention can increase stator winding end Area of dissipation, improve heat-sinking capability.
The present invention is circumferentially provided with some grooves on the casing inner wall of disc type electric machine.The outer end winding portion of stator winding Divide and be equally divided into and groove number identical wire group.Each wire group is respectively embedded in the groove on motor case inwall and solid Fixed so that End winding is fully contacted with casing, by scattered outer end winding, will focus on compared with the stator in small area around The heat that group is produced is distributed on motor case, increases the contact area of winding and casing, so as to increasing heat radiation area.In conjunction with The outside cooling heat that such as stator winding is dispersed in casing by water-cooled, the mode such as air-cooled is distributed.Effectively solving of the present invention The problem of existing disk type electric machine stator winding heat dispersion difference, and do not need plus structural.While the groove of casing inner wall The rapid shaping of End winding can be realized.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of disk type electric machine stator cooling structure of the present invention, is mainly made up of motor stator winding and casing.Described machine Shell is hollow cylindrical, parallel to rotating shaft, is made from non-magnet material.The inwall of casing is circumferentially provided with groove, this groove For End winding line embedding groove, the part between two line embedding grooves is defined as line embedding groove convex portion.The size and number of line embedding groove are by electricity The thickness and the number of turn of the size of machine and stator winding determines.The size of line embedding groove can place a circle or a few circle windings is Preferably, it is therefore an objective to increase the area of dissipation of End winding, by the heat transfer of stator winding to whole motor case, then pass through which Heat in casing is taken away the type of cooling by he.The side that cooling water channel is set in the casing on the outside of line embedding groove can for example be passed through Formula, the heat being transferred in casing are taken away, it would however also be possible to employ outside air-cooled method is radiated.This cooling structure good Place is not need additional miscellaneous part, it is possible to increase the heat conduction and heat radiation area of motor stator winding, strengthens cooling effect.
Based on the basic structure of disc type electric machine, stator and rotor are flat tray type structure, referred to as stator disc and rotor disk, In the winding of composition disk type electric machine stator, it is located normal to positioned at most of windings of stator disc radially intermediate part axial On same plane, this part winding is defined as stator center winding, beyond stator center winding maximum radius to motor case with Interior part winding is defined as stator outer end winding, and the part winding within stator center winding least radius is defined as stator Inner end winding.
By taking double layered stator winding as an example, stator winding is divided into and some wire groups of line embedding groove slot number identical, each wire Group includes a circle or a few circle windings.In line embedding groove on each wire group difference coil insertion device shell inwall and fixed.
If machine shaft is placed in the horizontal direction, line embedding groove is divided into left line embedding groove group with stator plate central face as separating surface With right line embedding groove group, Double Layer Winding is divided into left layer winding and right layer winding.During coiling winding, when left layer winding middle position When most right wire group coiling reaches outer end into, this wire group is put the rule that the rightmost side is located in left line embedding groove group In groove, when reaching outer end positioned at time right wire group coiling in left layer winding, the right side that this wire group is put into left line embedding groove group In the line embedding groove of second, side, with the continuous coiling of winding, the group of wire a group by a group of outer end winding be placed into respectively from the right side to In several left line embedding grooves.Right layer winding is in the same way by some wire groups in right layer winding outer end winding from a left side In the line embedding groove that puts in right line embedding groove group to the right side.
Further, this disk type electric machine stator cooling structure is also a kind of rapid shaping structure of End winding simultaneously. Line embedding groove can play a part of as End winding shaping mould so that outer end winding is uniformly fitly arranged in same On the face of cylinder.The stator winding outer end for winding is uniformly dispersed being arranged in the line embedding groove of casing inner wall, is well led with having Winding in line embedding groove is fixed by the insulant of hot property with line embedding groove inwall, prevents winding in motor operation from line embedding groove Inside come off.
Further, in order to ensure winding when two ends to the left and right extend, scattered each wire group should be tried one's best casing Radiator structure, and ensure the planarization of End winding.
Further, when stator outer end winding is distributed from center winding to each line embedding groove, from center winding maximum half The wire group of this section of line embedding groove is arrived at footpath, existing all applicable wire laying modes can be taken to be connected up, can be form of straight lines Or curve form.
The present invention proposes a kind of stairstepping wire laying mode of stator outer end winding.During coiling stator outer end winding, from Wire group at the winding maximum radius of center to line embedding groove this section press stairstepping and is arranged.Especially so that in each wire group One section of winding near line embedding groove is axially attached on motor case inwall along motor, as such, it is possible to heat as much as possible is passed It is delivered on motor case, increases heat-conducting area.
Additionally, the wiring configuration of outer end winding can adopt the outer end winding wiring of any one suitable disc type electric machine Form.
Further, based on above-mentioned disk type electric machine stator cooling structure, a kind of disc type independently of motor case is proposed Motor stator winding cooling structure, this structure on the basis of ventional disc motor casing structure is not changed increase by one and fit Should be in disk type electric machine stator End winding and the cooling structure of motor case.The cooling structure integrally in annulus column, is sleeved on In motor case.The outer surface of cooling structure is the face of cylinder, is adapted with motor case inwall, and fixes with motor case inwall Together, the inwall of cooling structure is circumferentially provided with groove, and this groove is End winding line embedding groove.Motor stator winding average mark It is and some wire groups of line embedding groove slot number identical to be respectively put in line embedding groove and fixed.The wire laying mode of outer end winding General with above-mentioned outer end winding wiring mode.The heat transfer that stator winding is produced by cooling structure is to casing, then coordinates outer Heat is distributed by the mode of portion's cooling.The advantage of this structure is without processing to motor case, it is only necessary to increase by one The part of individual cooling structure can just be realized.Any of the above-described kind of disc type electric machine can be selected according to practical structures and processing request Cooling structure of stator.
Further, using a kind of disc type electric machine of disk type electric machine stator cooling structure of the invention by stator cooling knot Structure, permanent magnet, rotor yoke and rotating shaft are constituted.Wherein the one of both cooling structures can be selected according to practical situation and specific requirement Kind, strengthen the heat-sinking capability of stator winding.
End winding line embedding groove is set on motor case inwall, or using the outer end winding cooling independently of casing Structure, can increase the area of dissipation of stator winding, while realizing the rapid shaping of end.Outer after ensureing to be dispersed into wire group End winding can be close to casing arrangement, increase heat-conducting area.
The heat that winding is produced is distributed on motor case by the present invention by winding overhang, then coordinates other outside coolings Mode heat is rapidly distributed, solve the problems, such as that disk type electric machine stator winding is cooled down, improve disc type electric machine fixed The heat-sinking capability of sub- winding.Line embedding groove makes the uniform proper alignment of outer end winding embedding simultaneously as End winding reshaping structure In wire casing.
Description of the drawings
The present invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 prior art disc type motor basic structure schematic diagrams;
Fig. 2 disk type electric machine stator cooling structure two-dimensional representations of the present invention;
Disc type electric machine overall structure diagrams of the Fig. 3 comprising cooling structure of stator of the present invention;
Fig. 4 motor stator casing cooling structure schematic three dimensional views;
Fig. 5 motor stator casing cooling structure partial enlarged drawings;
The three-dimensional cross-sectional schematic diagram of cooling water channel is not set in Fig. 6 motor case inner wall belt line embedding grooves and casing;
The two-dimensional section schematic diagram of cooling water channel is not set in Fig. 7 motor case inner wall belt line embedding grooves and casing;
The three dimensional structure diagram of cooling water channel is set in Fig. 8 motor case inner wall belt line embedding grooves and casing;
The two-dimensional section schematic diagram of cooling water channel is set in Fig. 9 motor case inner wall belt line embedding grooves and casing;
Figure 10 stators outer end winding is stepped the motor axial cross-sectional views of wiring;
Figure 11 stators outer end winding is stepped the two-dimentional partial schematic diagram of wiring;
Figure 12 stator winding independences cooling structure coordinates the three dimensional structure diagram without water channel casing;
Figure 13 stator winding independences cooling structure coordinates without water channel casing structure two-dimensional section schematic diagram;
The three dimensional structure diagram of cooling water channel casing is set in the cooperation of Figure 14 stator winding independences cooling structure;
The two-dimensional section schematic diagram of cooling water channel casing structure is set in the cooperation of Figure 15 stator winding independences cooling structure.
In figure:1 casing, 2 casing inner walls, 3 line embedding grooves, 4 line embedding groove convex portions, 5 end caps, 6 rotor yokes, 7 permanent magnets, 8 stators Winding, 9 outer end windings, 10 inner end windings, 11 water channels, 12 bearings, 13 stator discs, 14 rotor disks, 15 rotating shafts, in 16 stators Heart winding, 17 wire groups.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Fig. 2 disk type electric machine stator cooling structure of the present invention is mainly by motor stator winding 8 and hollow cylindrical Casing 1 is constituted.Casing 1 is made from non-magnet material parallel to machine shaft 15, casing 1.Comprising cooling structure of the present invention Disc type electric machine overall structure is as shown in Figure 3.As shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5, casing inner wall 2 carries groove.Groove is along motor case inwall 2 circumferentially.This groove is End winding line embedding groove 3, the size and number of line embedding groove 3 size and stator winding by motor 8 thickness and the number of turn determine.The size of line embedding groove 3 is advisable with placing a circle or a few circle windings, it is therefore an objective to increase End winding Area of dissipation, by the heat transfer of stator winding 8 to whole motor case 1, then will by other types of cooling existing Heat in casing is taken away.As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 7, can pass through to arrange cooling water channel 11 in the casing 1 on the outside of line embedding groove Mode, the heat being transferred in casing 1 are taken away, it is also possible to do not set cooling water channel 11, are dissipated using outside air-cooled method Heat, as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9.The advantage of cooling structure of the present invention is not need additional miscellaneous part, it is possible to increase motor stator The heat conduction and heat radiation area of winding, strengthens cooling effect.
Based on the basic structure of disc type electric machine, stator and rotor are flat tray type structure, referred to as stator disc 13 and rotor Disk 14, in the winding of composition disk type electric machine stator, the most of windings positioned at stator disc radially intermediate part are located normal to On the same plane of axial direction, this part winding is defined as stator center winding 16, beyond 16 maximum radius of stator center winding Part winding to motor case is defined as stator outer end winding 9, the portion within 16 least radius of stator center winding Sub-winding is defined as stator inner end winding 10.
By taking Double Layer Winding as an example, stator winding is equally divided into and some wire groups 17 of 3 slot number identical of line embedding groove, each Wire group 17 includes a circle or a few circle windings.Each wire group 17 is respectively embedded in the line embedding groove 3 on casing inner wall 2 and fixed.
If machine shaft 15 is placed in the horizontal direction, line embedding groove 3 is divided into left rule with stator plate central face as separating surface Groove group and right line embedding groove group, Double Layer Winding are divided into left layer winding and right layer winding.During coiling winding, when left layer winding In when being located at most right wire group coiling and reaching outer end, this wire group is put into be located at the rightmost side in left line embedding groove group one In line embedding groove 3, when outer end is reached positioned at time right 17 coiling of wire group in left layer winding, this wire group is put into left line embedding groove In the second right line embedding groove of group, with the continuous coiling of winding, the group of wire a group by a group 17 of outer end winding 9 is put one by one Enter in several line embedding grooves 3 from right to left.Right layer winding in the same way will be some in right layer winding outer end winding 9 In the line embedding groove that wire group is from left to right put in right line embedding groove group.
Further, this disk type electric machine stator cooling structure is also a kind of rapid shaping knot of outer end winding 9 simultaneously Structure.Line embedding groove 3 can play a part of the shaping mould as outer end winding 9 so that outer end winding 9 is uniformly fitly arranged It is listed on the same face of cylinder.The outer end of the stator winding 8 for winding is uniformly dispersed the line embedding groove 3 for being arranged in casing inner wall 2 In, the winding in line embedding groove 3 is fixed with line embedding groove inwall with the insulant with Thermal conductivity, winding is prevented in electricity Come off from line embedding groove 3 when machine runs.
Further, in order to ensure winding when two ends to the left and right extend, scattered each wire group should be tried one's best casing Radiator structure, and ensure the planarization of outer end winding.
Further, when stator outer end winding 9 is distributed from stator center winding 16 to each line embedding groove 3, from stator The wire group of 3 this section of line embedding groove is arrived at the maximum radius of heart winding 16, and existing all applicable wire laying modes can be taken to carry out Wiring, can be form of straight lines or curve form.Figure 10 and Figure 11 show a kind of stairstepping wiring side of stator outer end winding 9 Formula.During coiling stator outer end winding, the wire group from 16 maximum radius of stator center winding to 3 this section of line embedding groove presses rank Trapezoidal arrangement.Especially so that one section of winding in each wire group 17 near line embedding groove 3 is axially attached to motor case along motor On inwall 2, as such, it is possible to by heat transfer as much as possible to motor case 1, to increase heat-conducting area.
Additionally, the wiring configuration of outer end winding 9 can adopt the outer end winding cloth of any one suitable disc type electric machine Line form.
Further, based on above-mentioned disk type electric machine stator cooling structure, a kind of disc type independently of motor case 1 is proposed Motor stator winding cooling structure.This structure on the basis of ventional disc motor casing structure is not changed increases by one and fits Should be in disk type electric machine stator End winding and the cooling structure of motor case 1, as shown in figures 12 and 14, its two-dimensional section figure is such as Shown in Figure 13 and Figure 15.The cooling structure integrally in annulus column, is sleeved in motor case 1.The outer surface of cooling structure is The face of cylinder, is coordinated with motor case inwall 2, and is fixed with motor case inwall 2, and the inwall of cooling structure is circumferentially provided with ditch Groove, this groove are End winding line embedding groove 3.Motor stator winding is equally divided into and some wires of the slot number identical of line embedding groove 3 Group 17, is respectively put in line embedding groove 3 and fixed.The wire laying mode of outer end winding 9 and above-mentioned 9 wire laying mode of outer end winding General.The heat transfer that stator winding is produced by cooling structure is to casing 1, then coordinates the mode of outside cooling to give out heat Go.The advantage of this structure is without processing to motor case 1, it is only necessary to which the part for increasing a cooling structure just can be real Existing.Any of the above-described kind of disc type motor stator cooling structure can be selected according to practical structures and processing request.
Further, as shown in figure 3, using a kind of disc type electric machine of disk type electric machine stator cooling structure of the invention by fixed Sub- cooling structure, permanent magnet 7, rotor yoke 6 and rotating shaft 15 are constituted.Both coolings can be selected according to practical situation and specific requirement The one of which of structure, strengthens the heat-sinking capability of stator winding.
End winding line embedding groove 3 is set on motor case inwall 2, or cold using the outer end winding independently of casing But structure, can increase the area of dissipation of stator winding, while realizing the rapid shaping of end.After ensureing to be dispersed into wire group 17 Outer end winding 9 can be close to casing 1 and arrange, increase heat-conducting area.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of disk type electric machine stator cooling structure, is made up of motor stator winding (8) and casing (1), it is characterised in that described Casing (1) be hollow cylindrical, parallel to machine shaft (15);The inwall (2) of casing (1) is circumferentially provided with groove, this ditch Groove is End winding line embedding groove (3);Stator winding is divided into, each wire group some wire group (17) with line embedding groove slot number identical (17) comprising a circle or a few circle windings;In line embedding groove (3) on each wire group difference coil insertion device shell inwall (2) and fixed;Rule The size of groove (3) is advisable with placing a circle or a few circle wire groups, to increase the area of dissipation of End winding, by stator The heat transfer of winding (8) is in casing (1);During coiling stator outer end winding, from the winding maximum radius of center to rule The wire group (17) of groove (3) this section presses stairstepping arrangement so that in each wire group (17) near one section of line embedding groove (3) around Group is axially attached on casing (1) inwall along motor;The disk type electric machine stator cooling structure is also a kind of outer end winding simultaneously (9) rapid shaping structure, line embedding groove (3) play a part of as End winding (9) shaping mould so that outer end around Group (9) is uniformly fitly arranged on the same face of cylinder.
2. a kind of disk type electric machine stator cooling structure, it is characterised in that described cooling structure is sleeved on motor in annulus column In casing (1);The outer surface of the cooling structure is coordinated with motor case inwall (2), is fixed on one with motor case inwall (2) Rise;The inwall of the cooling structure is circumferentially provided with groove, and this groove is End winding line embedding groove (3);Stator winding average mark It is some wire groups (17) with the slot number identical of line embedding groove (3), is respectively put in line embedding groove (3) and fixed;Wire group (17) outer end winding (9) is close to motor case (1) arrangement, increases heat-conducting area, arrives the heat transfer of stator winding (8) On motor case;During coiling stator outer end winding, from the winding maximum radius of center to (3) one sections of line embedding groove wire group (17) stairstepping arrangement is pressed so that one section of winding in each wire group (17) near line embedding groove (3) is axially attached to machine along motor On shell (1) inwall;Line embedding groove (3) play a part of as End winding (9) shaping mould so that outer end winding (9) Uniformly fitly it is arranged on the same face of cylinder.
CN201410849578.4A 2014-12-29 2014-12-29 A kind of disk type electric machine stator cooling structure Active CN104467243B (en)

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US11005322B2 (en) 2017-06-05 2021-05-11 E-Circuit Motors, Inc. Rotor assemblies for axial flux machines
CA3209142A1 (en) 2021-02-17 2022-08-25 E-Circuit Motors, Inc. Planar stator configurations for axial flux machines
US11751330B2 (en) 2021-07-30 2023-09-05 E-Circuit Motors, Inc. Magnetic material filled printed circuit boards and printed circuit board stators
US11336130B1 (en) 2021-08-17 2022-05-17 E-Circuit Motors, Inc. Low-loss planar winding configurations for an axial flux machine

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