CN104463857A - Extracting method for structure data in geographic data of oblique aviation photography - Google Patents
Extracting method for structure data in geographic data of oblique aviation photography Download PDFInfo
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- CN104463857A CN104463857A CN201410698890.8A CN201410698890A CN104463857A CN 104463857 A CN104463857 A CN 104463857A CN 201410698890 A CN201410698890 A CN 201410698890A CN 104463857 A CN104463857 A CN 104463857A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an extracting method for structure data in geographic data of oblique aviation photography. The method comprises the following steps that three-dimensional geographic model data of oblique aviation photography are stored into a three-dimensional topological relative network data structure; classification obliquity values are set, and space triangle faces are classified into the large-gradient faces and the small-gradient faces; the triangle faces with the adjacent relation are combined to obtain a plurality of isolated space polygons and a plurality of isolated space triangle faces which are not combined; all the isolated space polygons generated by the large-gradient faces are extracted from the original model; the space polygons internally provided with holes exist in the extracted isolated space polygons generated by the large-gradient faces, the isolated space polygons generated by the small-gradient faces and the space triangle faces are searched for data corresponding to the holes, and the corresponding holes are filled with the data. The extracting method is used for extracting and classifying ground surface structures, and later application of oblique aviation photography is enriched.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aviation oblique photograph technical field, be specifically related to a kind of extracting method to structure data in the geodata of aviation oblique photograph.
Background technology
Aviation oblique photograph is measured: refer to inclination geo-location and measuring system.Ultimate principle is by flying device is installed the camera in all around, vertical five directions in boat, taking earth surface continuously, overlaps to form cubic phase pair by photograph, then calculates three dimensional space coordinate by ray forward intersection.This photogrammetric survey method, referred to as " inclination measurement ".The application of inclination measurement comprises: (1) inclination measurement data can extract the various objects that three-dimensional building model, trees, steel tower etc. obviously protrude from earth's surface; (2), after rejecting atural object by inclination measurement data, three-dimensional ground elevation model (DEM) is generated; (3) using inclined measurement data generates architectural plane line drawing figure.
But the three-dimensional modeling data that inclination measurement obtains is that all data all merge in a model, which computing machine cannot distinguish is buildings, trees, steel tower, other surface structure things.Because these structures are not extracted, so attribute cannot be given separately to them, seriously limit later stage application.Because ground structure thing and surface data all merge, correct three-dimensional ground elevation model (DEM) cannot be generated.And when drawing two dimensional surface Vector Topographic Map, manual drawing architectural plane line drawing figure efficiency is low, task difficulty is high, easily make mistakes.
The three-dimensional modeling data that current aviation inclination measurement product generates is a great synthesis, giving attribute, can not generating earth's surface elevation model, can not directly providing Vector Topographic Map for measuring area and the position of building to every building.In addition, the buildings based on photogrammetric measurement photo extracts, and cardinal principle is extracted the edge contour generation vector diagram in plane of building, can not process three-dimensional data, the roof unconspicuous building of color complex edge gradient cannot process; And extract product based on the buildings of laser point cloud, cardinal principle is based on the difference in height of consecutive point cloud, iterative window filtering, this method effectively can filter the more regular buildings of outer table skeleton or trees, but cannot process the buildings of outer table skeleton complexity, can not be used for the planar data of aviation inclination measurement.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of extracting method to structure data in the geodata of aviation oblique photograph, to extract surface structure thing, and individually give attribute, facilitate the later stage to apply.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is:
To an extracting method for structure data in the geodata of aviation oblique photograph, comprise the following steps:
Step one, the geographical three-dimensional modeling data of aviation oblique photograph is stored as three-dimensional topology network of personal connections data structure, to obtain all spatial triangle surface informations in geographical three-dimensional modeling data;
Step 2, setting classification amount of taper, spatial triangle face gradient being greater than described classification amount of taper is recorded as heavy grade face, and spatial triangle face gradient being less than described classification amount of taper is recorded as light grade face;
Step 3, respectively heavy grade face and light grade face to be processed, the gore with neighbouring relations is merged, obtain multiple isolated space polygon and multiplely isolated there is no merged spatial triangle face;
Step 4, all isolated space polygons of being looked unfamiliar by heavy grade are extracted from master mould, remaining is all the isolated space polygon and spatial triangle face of being looked unfamiliar by light grade;
Step 5, in the isolated space polygon of being looked unfamiliar by heavy grade of being extracted, there is the inner space polygon leaving cavity, in the isolated space polygon of being looked unfamiliar by light grade and spatial triangle face, search the data be consistent with cavity, and fill up in corresponding cavity;
Step 6, mended the structure that the isolated space polygon of being looked unfamiliar by heavy grade being filled with cavity is exactly the earth's surface extracted.
Preferably, the described extracting method to structure data in the geodata of aviation oblique photograph, the isolated space polygon of being looked unfamiliar by light grade and spatial triangle face are labeled as plane isolated island, search in plane isolated island and have neighbouring relations and the data of location matches with empty edge.
Preferably, the described extracting method to structure data in the geodata of aviation oblique photograph, the method for described setting classification amount of taper is, using the approximate value of the natural terrain gradient of the earth corresponding to captured geodata as classification amount of taper.
Preferably, the described extracting method to structure data in the geodata of aviation oblique photograph, described structure is surface buildings.
Preferably, the described extracting method to structure data in the geodata of aviation oblique photograph, also comprises edge one circle around each structure, extracts the boundary line, edge of structure in described step 6.
Preferably, the described extracting method to structure data in the geodata of aviation oblique photograph, described three-dimensional topology network of personal connections data structure comprises all vertex information of the three-dimensional model forming whole inclination measurement, the spatial triangle information be made up of the sequence number index on these summits and the side information of spatial triangle, the side information that each summit sends and triangle information representing, the left and right triangle information representing on every bar limit.
Beneficial effect of the present invention: (1) develops the Data classification extracting method that a kind of simple aviation oblique photograph is efficiently measured, the data extraction of measuring according to aviation oblique photograph and classification directly can obtain buildings, trees, steel tower and other surface structure thing, and the present invention has enriched the later stage application of aviation oblique photograph.(2) structure obtained of classifying can give separately increase supplementary and the analytic functions such as attribute, can be widely used in three-dimensional digital city and three-dimensional asset management etc. multi-field.(3) after the present invention extracts surface structure thing, remaining is the naked surface data of having rejected atural object, can extracting directly Measurement results, generates ground elevation model or generates the application such as Vector Topographic Map.
Embodiment
The knowledge such as base area Neo-Confucianism, fluid stability principle, can learn that the gradient of natural terrain is normally within the scope of certain value of slope, surmount this value range and can be considered as steep cliff, Dou Kan, building, other surface structure thing.The object of these and natural terrain form obvious differences is the main target object that the present invention studies.
The invention provides a kind of extracting method to structure data in the geodata of aviation oblique photograph, comprise the following steps:
Step one, the geographical three-dimensional modeling data of aviation oblique photograph is stored as three-dimensional topology network of personal connections data structure, to obtain all spatial triangle surface informations in geographical three-dimensional modeling data;
The left and right triangle information representing on the side information that the content of this three-dimensional topology network of personal connections data structure comprises all vertex information forming whole three-dimensional model, the spatial triangle information be made up of the sequence number index on these summits, the leg-of-mutton side information of Special composition, each summit send and triangle information representing, every bar limit.A face determined by each triangle, can determine the angle of inclination of this gore very easily.Can find out, this data structure, each leg-of-mutton adjacent triangle can also be found fast.
Step 2, setting classification amount of taper, spatial triangle face gradient being greater than described classification amount of taper is recorded as heavy grade face, and spatial triangle face gradient being less than described classification amount of taper is recorded as light grade face;
Classification amount of taper can calculate according to the geographic data of aviation oblique photograph region and draw, the present embodiment is using the approximate value of the natural terrain gradient of the earth corresponding to captured geodata as classification amount of taper.Namely this classification amount of taper can be used as the separatrix parameter of natural terrain and surface structure thing, according to this classification amount of taper, spatial triangle face is categorized as heavy grade face and light grade face.Classification amount of taper can adjusting and optimizing repeatedly, until obtain desirable classification results.
Step 3, respectively heavy grade face triangle and light grade face triangle to be processed, the gore with neighbouring relations is merged, obtain multiple isolated space polygon and multiplely isolated there is no merged spatial triangle face;
The present invention uses the three-dimensional topology network of personal connections data structure in step one, is thus very easy to determine each leg-of-mutton adjacent triangle.Respectively heavy grade face triangle and its corresponding adjacent triangle of light grade face triangle are merged, multiple isolated space polygon can be obtained, and for there is no the spatial triangle of adjacent triangle, just can only obtain multiple isolated spatial triangle.
Step 4, all isolated space polygons of being looked unfamiliar by heavy grade are extracted from master mould, remaining is all the isolated space polygon and spatial triangle face of being looked unfamiliar by light grade;
Step 5, in the isolated space polygon of being looked unfamiliar by heavy grade of being extracted, there is the inner space polygon leaving cavity, in the isolated space polygon of being looked unfamiliar by light grade and spatial triangle face, search the data be consistent with cavity, and fill up in corresponding cavity; In the present embodiment, the isolated space polygon of being looked unfamiliar by light grade and spatial triangle face are labeled as plane isolated island, search in plane isolated island and be consistent with the shape and size in cavity, have neighbouring relations and the data of location matches with empty edge, and be used for filling cavity.
Step 6, mended the structure that the isolated space polygon of being looked unfamiliar by heavy grade being filled with cavity is exactly the earth's surface extracted.Described structure is mainly surface buildings, such as house, tower and other man-made structures, can also be trees.Edge one around each structure encloses, and just can extract the boundary line, edge of structure.
Such as, the natural terrain gradient in somewhere is 3 degree, and in the aviation oblique photograph three-dimensional model in certain house, the gradient in the spatial triangle face on composition roof is all less than 3 degree, and the gradient forming the spatial triangle face of the four pieces of side walls in house is 90 degree.At this moment, can set classification amount of taper is 3 degree, and the spatial triangle face so forming roof is all classified as light grade face, and the spatial triangle face forming four pieces of side walls can be classified as heavy grade face.The gore on roof and the gore of side wall are merged respectively, obtains rooftop polygons and side wall polygon.Extracted by side wall polygon, rooftop polygons is stayed in master mould, is labeled as plane isolated island.There is cavity in the position on former roof in the side wall polygon extracted, at this moment can supplement complete by side wall polygon with rooftop polygons, namely complete the extraction in this house.The boundary line, edge in house can be obtained around house one circle.Similar, the extraction of other surface structure thing can be completed.
Application of the present invention: the structure obtained of classifying can give separately increase supplementary and the analytic functions such as attribute, can be widely used in three-dimensional digital city, three-dimensional asset management etc. multi-field; After surface structure thing is extracted, remaining is the naked surface data of having rejected atural object, can be directly used in and generate ground elevation model; Can also process the boundary line, edge of earth's surface structure, right angle, reject extra vertices, reject tiny bending point etc., generate vector plane figure.
Claims (6)
1., to an extracting method for structure data in the geodata of aviation oblique photograph, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step one, the geographical three-dimensional modeling data of aviation oblique photograph is stored as three-dimensional topology network of personal connections data structure, to obtain all spatial triangle surface informations in geographical three-dimensional modeling data;
Step 2, setting classification amount of taper, spatial triangle face gradient being greater than described classification amount of taper is recorded as heavy grade face, and spatial triangle face gradient being less than described classification amount of taper is recorded as light grade face;
Step 3, respectively heavy grade face and light grade face to be processed, the gore with neighbouring relations is merged, obtain multiple isolated space polygon and multiplely isolated there is no merged spatial triangle face;
Step 4, all isolated space polygons of being looked unfamiliar by heavy grade are extracted from master mould, remaining is all the isolated space polygon and spatial triangle face of being looked unfamiliar by light grade;
Step 5, in the isolated space polygon of being looked unfamiliar by heavy grade of being extracted, there is the inner space polygon leaving cavity, in the isolated space polygon of being looked unfamiliar by light grade and spatial triangle face, search the data be consistent with cavity, and fill up in corresponding cavity;
Step 6, mended the structure that the isolated space polygon of being looked unfamiliar by heavy grade being filled with cavity is exactly the earth's surface extracted.
2. the extracting method to structure data in the geodata of aviation oblique photograph as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the isolated space polygon of being looked unfamiliar by light grade and spatial triangle face are labeled as plane isolated island, search in plane isolated island and have neighbouring relations and the data of location matches with empty edge.
3. the extracting method to structure data in the geodata of aviation oblique photograph as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, the method of described setting classification amount of taper is, using the approximate value of the natural terrain gradient of the earth corresponding to captured geodata as classification amount of taper.
4. the extracting method to structure data in the geodata of aviation oblique photograph as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described structure is surface buildings.
5. the extracting method to structure data in the geodata of aviation oblique photograph as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, also comprise edge one circle around each structure, extract the boundary line, edge of structure in described step 6.
6. the extracting method to structure data in the geodata of aviation oblique photograph as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described three-dimensional topology network of personal connections data structure comprises all vertex information of the three-dimensional model forming whole inclination measurement, the spatial triangle information be made up of the sequence number index on these summits and the side information of spatial triangle, the side information that each summit sends and triangle information representing, the left and right triangle information representing on every bar limit.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN107103603A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-08-29 | 北京道亨时代科技有限公司 | A kind of Objects extraction method of inclination measurement scene |
| CN107292893A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-24 | 富士通株式会社 | Image processing apparatus, image processing method and image processing equipment |
Citations (2)
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| CN103714577A (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2014-04-09 | 焦点科技股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional model simplification method suitable for model with textures |
| CN103927783A (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2014-07-16 | 武汉大学 | Graph cut method for contrasting filled and excavated space by using three-dimensional triangulation network |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107292893A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2017-10-24 | 富士通株式会社 | Image processing apparatus, image processing method and image processing equipment |
| CN107103603A (en) * | 2017-05-18 | 2017-08-29 | 北京道亨时代科技有限公司 | A kind of Objects extraction method of inclination measurement scene |
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