CN104462684A - Method for predicting generation of hydrate in nature gas pipeline - Google Patents

Method for predicting generation of hydrate in nature gas pipeline Download PDF

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CN104462684A
CN104462684A CN201410720075.7A CN201410720075A CN104462684A CN 104462684 A CN104462684 A CN 104462684A CN 201410720075 A CN201410720075 A CN 201410720075A CN 104462684 A CN104462684 A CN 104462684A
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pipeline
hydrate
natural gas
curve map
pressure
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潘振
吴明
刘军
商丽艳
胡志勇
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Liaoning Shihua University
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Liaoning Shihua University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for predicting generation of hydrate in a nature gas pipeline, and belongs to the technical field of oil-gas storage and transportation engineering. With the continuous development of Chinese economy, the consumption demand of people for natural gas is continuously increased. The technique for transporting the natural gas needs to be continuously promoted in the industrial field, but natural gas hydrate formed in the process of transporting the natural gas through pipelines is important obstruction for restricting the development of the natural gas transportation technique. The method disclosed by the invention solves the problem that selecting a pipeline position is blind when the natural gas hydrate is disposed in the past engineering. The starting point of the hydrate generated in the pipeline is found out by analyzing the pressure and the temperature of a discretionary point of the pipeline, synthetizing a pressure-temperature curve of the pipeline and contrasting the pressure-temperature curve of the pipeline and a phase equilibrium curve of the hydrate. Through adoption of the method disclosed by the invention, the place in which the hydrate is generated in the natural gas transportation pipeline can be disposed in a targeted manner, so that the use quantity of natural gas hydrate inhibitors is reduced.

Description

The Forecasting Methodology that a kind of natural gas line hydrate generates
Technical field
The invention belongs to oil-gas storage and Transportation Engineering technical field, the method being specifically related to utilize computer software Natural Gas Prediction hydrate generates position in gas pipe line.
Background technology
In oil, natural gas extraction, transport and process, under elevated pressures and cryogenic conditions, the ice and snow shape compound that some component in rock gas and aqueous water are formed, is called as gas hydrate.After Davy Late Cambrian gas hydrate in 1810, people have carried out large quantifier elimination to the phase balance condition of gas hydrate and formation mechanism.Mainly contain 3 kinds of methods at present and can form natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation curve map: first is utilize experimental method, and condition when generating according to hydrate obtains required model; Second is utilize the on-the-spot actual model of statistical thermodynamics setting up gas hydrate; 3rd be by outdoor sampling at laboratory experiment or on-the-spot test gas hydrate synthesis pressure and temperature, then the method for numerical simulation, matching obtains semiempirical or empirical model.The Phase Equilibrium theory model of gas hydrate is research and develop to obtain on the basis of Van der Waals Platteeuw model mostly, and theoretical foundation is very reliable, has very high computational accuracy, but computation process more complicated, be difficult to grasp and understand; And the model be most widely used is model of statistical thermodynamics, but it is difficult to be promoted; Graphical method and experience semiempirical model are simple, easy to use for calculating the not high working environment of accuracy requirement, can play good predicting function especially.
In the long-distance transportation through pipeline process of rock gas, the blocking of gas hydrate is one of efficient fast-developing key factors of restriction natural gas line conveying.Hydrate in natural gas line generates relevant with the natural conditions such as landforms, weather and pipeline self-condition, they suspend in the gas flow and gradually flock together, be adsorbed on tube wall, pipeline finally can be caused to block and cause gas transmission difficulty, separation equipment and instrument malfunction can be made time serious, thus whole production procedure can be affected, cause immeasurable economic loss.Therefore, in natural gas line course of conveying, determine the initial generation position of the formation condition of hydrate in pipeline, prediction hydrate and take effective preventive measure, the safe operation of guarantee long-distance transport pipes is significant.
The essential condition forming hydrate has two: under 1. rock gas must be in lower temperature and higher pressure; 2. lower than aqueous dew point temperature, must there is free water in the temperature of rock gas.Therefore when component one timing of rock gas, at a given pressure, just there is the corresponding temperature generating hydrate, be equal to or less than this temperature and will form hydrate, then can not form hydrate higher than this temperature.Along with pressure raises, the corresponding temperature generating hydrate also constantly raises.Do not have free water to produce hydrate simultaneously.
In addition, form hydrate secondary conditions and have three: 1. the flow velocity of gas is very fast, or gas is among the fierce disturbances such as pulsation, turbulent flow, and has nucleus of crystal to exist; 2. pressure constantly changes; 3. H2S or CO2 containing easy formation hydrate in rock gas.There is the critical temperature of gas hydrate synthesis in hydrate simultaneously, is the maximum temperature that hydrate exists, no matter much higher than this temperature pressure, also can not forms hydrate.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the Forecasting Methodology that a kind of natural gas line hydrate generates.Solve the blindness problem that hydrate inhibitor for natural gas uses, and achieve computer automation processing mode, decrease the use of hydrate inhibitor for natural gas, improve the automaticity of production procedure.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
1. the domestic and international phase balance condition to gas hydrate has darker research, and define the pressure-temperature curve map of natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation, simultaneously can for concrete gas component adjustment natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1);
2., under the condition of specific heat CP, the distance L of conveyance conduit of the compressibility factor Z of the density of the coefficient of heat conductivity K of the environment temperature T0 of known natural gas line inlet temperature TQ, outlet temperature TZ, pipeline along the line, pipeline along the line, rock gas, rock gas, rock gas, the caliber D of conveyance conduit, the method that C language can be utilized to programme obtains pipeline temperature along the line-length distribution curve figure (L2);
3., under the condition of the inner wall roughness of the caliber D of the distance L of the compressibility factor Z of the density of known natural gas line intake pressure PQ, top hole pressure PZ, rock gas, rock gas, conveyance conduit, conveyance conduit, pipeline, pipe friction, the method that C language can be utilized to programme obtains pipeline pressure along the line-length distribution curve figure (L3);
4. after obtaining pipeline T-L, P-L scatter chart along the line, the method that C language can be utilized to programme realizes the pressure on same pipeline position, temperature value to be pressure P at a longitudinal axis, to show in the transverse axis rectangular coordinate system that is temperature T, in pipeline, certain any pressure and temperature value define a point in rectangular coordinate system, and the pressure on whole piece pipeline and temperature then define a P-T curve map (L4) in rectangular coordinate system;
5. the known lower right side at natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1) is the region not generating gas hydrate, be the region that gas hydrate generate in the upper left side of natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1), utilize computer technology to be placed in same rectangular coordinate system by the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline and natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1);
6. three kinds of situations may be there are in theory: the P-T curve map (L4) (1) on whole piece pipeline is in the lower right side of natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1), then whole piece pipeline all can not produce hydrate; (2) the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline is in natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1) upper left side, then whole piece pipeline all can produce hydrate; (3) when the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline is crossing with natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1), be divided into again two kinds of situations: (a) is when the high-pressure area section of the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline is in natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1) upper left side, then all can produce hydrate from the intersection point of pipeline starting point to two curve, intersection point is the starting point not producing hydrate; B () is when the high-pressure area section of the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline is in natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1) lower right side, then all can not produce hydrate from the intersection point of pipeline starting point to two curve, intersection point is the starting point producing hydrate;
7. when the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline is crossing with natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1), pressure on intersection point, temperature value are pipeline pressure and temp value along the line, then can find the position producing hydrate in pipeline from pipeline temperature-length distribution curve figure (L2) along the line, pipeline pressure-length distribution curve figure (L3) along the line.
The phase equilibrium line of gas hydrate is depicted as figure according to the experimental data conclusion in a large amount of gas field to get, and traditional experimental formula is the approximate description to this figure, and we replace formula then to improve the precision of calculating with figure.
Forefathers are to the pressure-plotting on gas pipe line and Temperature Distribution map generalization early existing ripe software, the pressure-plotting of pipeline and temperature profile are synthesized a pressure-temperature scatter chart by us on the basis of forefathers, and edit out software, analyze by the contrast pressure-temperature scatter chart of pipeline and the phase equilibrium diagram of gas hydrate the particular location that in pipeline, hydrate generates.
The advantage of invention
Graphical method is utilized to replace complicated computing formula, natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation condition is represented with pressure-temperature distribution plan, pressure along the line for pipeline and temperature conditions are also represented with pressure-temperature distribution plan simultaneously, instead of two complicated computing formula by the intersection point mode of two figure and carry out equal calculating.Meanwhile, directly can investigate and prosecute pipeline particular location along the line from point of intersection, and computing method can only by discrete type line mode approximate approach gas hydrate synthesis point position.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and the embodiments, the present invention is further detailed explanation:
Fig. 1 is the process flow diagram of the Forecasting Methodology that a kind of natural gas line hydrate of invention generates.
Embodiment
The step of the Forecasting Methodology that a kind of natural gas line hydrate generates is:
1. the domestic and international phase balance condition to gas hydrate has darker research, and define the pressure-temperature curve map of natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation, simultaneously can for concrete gas component adjustment natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1);
2., under the condition of specific heat CP, the distance L of conveyance conduit of the compressibility factor Z of the density of the coefficient of heat conductivity K of the environment temperature T0 of known natural gas line inlet temperature TQ, outlet temperature TZ, pipeline along the line, pipeline along the line, rock gas, rock gas, rock gas, the caliber D of conveyance conduit, the method that C language can be utilized to programme obtains pipeline temperature along the line-length distribution curve figure (L2);
3., under the condition of the inner wall roughness of the caliber D of the distance L of the compressibility factor Z of the density of known natural gas line intake pressure PQ, top hole pressure PZ, rock gas, rock gas, conveyance conduit, conveyance conduit, pipeline, pipe friction, the method that C language can be utilized to programme obtains pipeline pressure along the line-length distribution curve figure (L3);
4. after obtaining pipeline T-L, P-L scatter chart along the line, the method that C language can be utilized to programme realizes the pressure on same pipeline position, temperature value to be pressure P at a longitudinal axis, to show in the transverse axis rectangular coordinate system that is temperature T, in pipeline, certain any pressure and temperature value define a point in rectangular coordinate system, and the pressure on whole piece pipeline and temperature then define a P-T curve map (L4) in rectangular coordinate system;
5. the known lower right side at natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1) is the region not generating gas hydrate, be the region that gas hydrate generate in the upper left side of natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1), utilize computer technology to be placed in same rectangular coordinate system by the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline and natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1);
6. three kinds of situations may be there are in theory: the P-T curve map (L4) (1) on whole piece pipeline is in the lower right side of natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1), then whole piece pipeline all can not produce hydrate; (2) the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline is in natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1) upper left side, then whole piece pipeline all can produce hydrate; (3) when the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline is crossing with natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1), be divided into again two kinds of situations: (a) is when the high-pressure area section of the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline is in natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1) upper left side, then all can produce hydrate from the intersection point of pipeline starting point to two curve, intersection point is the starting point not producing hydrate; B () is when the high-pressure area section of the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline is in natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1) lower right side, then all can not produce hydrate from the intersection point of pipeline starting point to two curve, intersection point is the starting point producing hydrate;
7. when the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline is crossing with natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1), pressure on intersection point, temperature value are pipeline pressure and temp value along the line, then can find the position producing hydrate in pipeline from pipeline temperature-length distribution curve figure (L2) along the line, pipeline pressure-length distribution curve figure (L3) along the line.
Therefore natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation curve map (L1) is first obtained, obtain temperature distributing curve diagram along the line (L2) again, then pipeline pressure distribution curve figure (L3) along the line, finally synthesizes whole piece pipeline pressure-temperature distributing curve diagram (L4).Then contrast natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation curve map (L1) and whole piece pipeline pressure-temperature distributing curve diagram (L4), four kinds of results can be drawn as shown in the figure:
If 1. curve map (L4) is in the lower right side of curve map (L1), then hydrate can not be produced.
If 2. curve map (L4) is in the upper left side of curve map (L1), then hydrate can be produced.
If 3. the high pressure section region of curve map (L4) is in the upper left side of curve map (L1), then intersection point is the starting point that pipeline stops producing hydrate.
If 4. the high pressure section region of curve map (L4) is in the lower right side of curve map (L1), then intersection point is the starting point that pipeline starts to produce hydrate.
Simultaneously according to the pressure and temp of point of intersection, the particular location of pipeline can be found from road temperature distributing curve diagram along the line (L2) and pipeline pressure distribution curve figure (L3) along the line.

Claims (1)

1. a Forecasting Methodology for natural gas line hydrate generation, it is characterized in that, the step of method is:
1. the domestic and international phase balance condition to gas hydrate has darker research, and define the pressure-temperature curve map of natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation, simultaneously can for concrete gas component adjustment natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1);
2., under the condition of specific heat CP, the distance L of conveyance conduit of the compressibility factor Z of the density of the coefficient of heat conductivity K of the environment temperature T0 of known natural gas line inlet temperature TQ, outlet temperature TZ, pipeline along the line, pipeline along the line, rock gas, rock gas, rock gas, the caliber D of conveyance conduit, the method that C language can be utilized to programme obtains pipeline temperature along the line-length distribution curve figure (L2);
3., under the condition of the inner wall roughness of the caliber D of the distance L of the compressibility factor Z of the density of known natural gas line intake pressure PQ, top hole pressure PZ, rock gas, rock gas, conveyance conduit, conveyance conduit, pipeline, pipe friction, the method that C language can be utilized to programme obtains pipeline pressure along the line-length distribution curve figure (L3);
4. after obtaining pipeline T-L, P-L scatter chart along the line, the method that C language can be utilized to programme realizes the pressure on same pipeline position, temperature value to be pressure P at a longitudinal axis, to show in the transverse axis rectangular coordinate system that is temperature T, in pipeline, certain any pressure and temperature value define a point in rectangular coordinate system, and the pressure on whole piece pipeline and temperature then define a P-T curve map (L4) in rectangular coordinate system;
5. the known lower right side at natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1) is the region not generating gas hydrate, be the region that gas hydrate generate in the upper left side of natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1), utilize computer technology to be placed in same rectangular coordinate system by the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline and natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1);
6. three kinds of situations may be there are in theory: the P-T curve map (L4) (1) on whole piece pipeline is in the lower right side of natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1), then whole piece pipeline all can not produce hydrate; (2) the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline is in natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1) upper left side, then whole piece pipeline all can produce hydrate; (3) when the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline is crossing with natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1), be divided into again two kinds of situations: (a) is when the high-pressure area section of the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline is in natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1) upper left side, then all can produce hydrate from the intersection point of pipeline starting point to two curve, intersection point is the starting point not producing hydrate; B () is when the high-pressure area section of the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline is in natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1) lower right side, then all can not produce hydrate from the intersection point of pipeline starting point to two curve, intersection point is the starting point producing hydrate;
7. when the P-T curve map (L4) on whole piece pipeline is crossing with natural gas hydrate phase balance emulation P-T curve map (L1), pressure on intersection point, temperature value are pipeline pressure and temp value along the line, then can find the position producing hydrate in pipeline from pipeline temperature-length distribution curve figure (L2) along the line, pipeline pressure-length distribution curve figure (L3) along the line.
CN201410720075.7A 2014-12-02 2014-12-02 Method for predicting generation of hydrate in nature gas pipeline Pending CN104462684A (en)

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Cited By (10)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105201487A (en) * 2015-09-02 2015-12-30 中国海洋石油总公司 Method and device for monitoring hydrate blockage of shaft in production period of deepwater gas field
CN105426666A (en) * 2015-11-05 2016-03-23 中国石油大学(北京) Natural gas hydrate dissociation gas release rate calculation method and apparatus
CN105930557A (en) * 2016-04-08 2016-09-07 辽宁石油化工大学 Natural gas pipeline network transport simulation method and implementation system
CN107620590A (en) * 2017-08-08 2018-01-23 广州海洋地质调查局 A kind of sea bottom hydrate recovery process balances each other dynamic method for visualizing and device
CN109723970A (en) * 2019-01-04 2019-05-07 中山大学 The Monitoring and management system and method that gas hydrate slurry body transports
CN110021372A (en) * 2017-07-13 2019-07-16 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A kind of system for predicting multicomponent system vapor-liquid equilibrium
CN110348105A (en) * 2019-07-05 2019-10-18 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 A kind of gas hydrates generate prediction technique, forecasting system, computer readable storage medium and the electric terminal of temperature
CN110531049A (en) * 2019-08-01 2019-12-03 北京市燃气集团有限责任公司 A kind of combustion gas yard determines the measurement method and device of hydrate inhibitor injection rate
CN110674572A (en) * 2019-09-18 2020-01-10 西南石油大学 Method for predicting natural gas hydrate generation area in seabed gas transmission pipeline
CN115825373A (en) * 2022-10-10 2023-03-21 中国地质大学(武汉) Prediction method and device of natural gas hydrate, storage medium and computer equipment

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Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105201487A (en) * 2015-09-02 2015-12-30 中国海洋石油总公司 Method and device for monitoring hydrate blockage of shaft in production period of deepwater gas field
CN105426666A (en) * 2015-11-05 2016-03-23 中国石油大学(北京) Natural gas hydrate dissociation gas release rate calculation method and apparatus
CN105426666B (en) * 2015-11-05 2018-06-08 中国石油大学(北京) Gas hydrate dissociation rate of gas release computational methods and its device
CN105930557A (en) * 2016-04-08 2016-09-07 辽宁石油化工大学 Natural gas pipeline network transport simulation method and implementation system
CN110021372A (en) * 2017-07-13 2019-07-16 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A kind of system for predicting multicomponent system vapor-liquid equilibrium
CN107620590A (en) * 2017-08-08 2018-01-23 广州海洋地质调查局 A kind of sea bottom hydrate recovery process balances each other dynamic method for visualizing and device
CN109723970A (en) * 2019-01-04 2019-05-07 中山大学 The Monitoring and management system and method that gas hydrate slurry body transports
CN109723970B (en) * 2019-01-04 2019-11-08 中山大学 The Monitoring and management system and method that gas hydrate slurry body transports
CN110348105A (en) * 2019-07-05 2019-10-18 中石化石油工程技术服务有限公司 A kind of gas hydrates generate prediction technique, forecasting system, computer readable storage medium and the electric terminal of temperature
CN110531049A (en) * 2019-08-01 2019-12-03 北京市燃气集团有限责任公司 A kind of combustion gas yard determines the measurement method and device of hydrate inhibitor injection rate
CN110674572A (en) * 2019-09-18 2020-01-10 西南石油大学 Method for predicting natural gas hydrate generation area in seabed gas transmission pipeline
CN110674572B (en) * 2019-09-18 2022-03-11 西南石油大学 Method for predicting natural gas hydrate generation area in seabed gas transmission pipeline
CN115825373A (en) * 2022-10-10 2023-03-21 中国地质大学(武汉) Prediction method and device of natural gas hydrate, storage medium and computer equipment
CN115825373B (en) * 2022-10-10 2023-08-22 中国地质大学(武汉) Method and device for predicting natural gas hydrate, storage medium and computer equipment

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