CN104459570A - Multi-path parallel magnetic field signal collecting and transmitting system and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种多路并行磁场信号的采集和传输系统，包括：信号处理模块、并行信号切换模块、信号多路采集模块和信号传输和处理模块。信号处理模块捕捉磁场信号，将磁场信号转换成电信号及放大和调理电信号；并行信号切换模块控制电信号的逻辑处理、对地信号释放和切换信号通道得到多路复用电信号；信号多路采集模块对多路复用电信号进行采样得到多路信号采样数据；信号传输和处理模块传输多路信号采样数据至计算机。本发明通过并行采集和多路复用的办法，利用磁场传感器的线阵采集磁场信号并传输给计算机系统，用于更高精度和更大测量范围地分析特定被测目标的复杂磁信号特征。本发明还公开了一种多路并行磁场信号的采集和传输方法。
The invention discloses a multi-channel parallel magnetic field signal acquisition and transmission system, which comprises: a signal processing module, a parallel signal switching module, a signal multi-channel acquisition module and a signal transmission and processing module. The signal processing module captures the magnetic field signal, converts the magnetic field signal into an electrical signal and amplifies and adjusts the electrical signal; the parallel signal switching module controls the logic processing of the electrical signal, releases the signal to the ground and switches the signal channel to obtain a multiplexed electrical signal; The multi-channel acquisition module samples the multiplexed electrical signals to obtain multi-channel signal sampling data; the signal transmission and processing module transmits the multi-channel signal sampling data to the computer. The present invention uses the linear array of the magnetic field sensor to collect the magnetic field signal through the method of parallel collection and multiplexing and transmits it to the computer system for analyzing the complex magnetic signal characteristics of the specific measured target with higher precision and larger measurement range. The invention also discloses a method for collecting and transmitting multi-channel parallel magnetic field signals.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及磁场数据采集分析领域，尤其涉及一种多路并行磁场信号的采集和传输系统及其方法。The invention relates to the field of magnetic field data acquisition and analysis, in particular to a multi-channel parallel magnetic field signal acquisition and transmission system and method thereof.
背景技术Background technique
在磁场数据采集分析领域中，通常使用磁强度计进行磁场强度的测量，但是磁强度计通常只能测量某个方向或者某几个方向上的磁感应强度，无法对复杂磁场的磁场强度进行连续测量。In the field of magnetic field data acquisition and analysis, a magnetometer is usually used to measure the magnetic field strength, but the magnetometer can usually only measure the magnetic induction strength in a certain direction or in a few directions, and cannot continuously measure the magnetic field strength of a complex magnetic field .
在金属缺陷检测或者金属磁特性分析等场合，通常需要对复杂磁场信号进行连续多维度的扫描和测量。在复杂磁场信号的测量过程中，获得的大量磁场信号数据需要快速高效地采集和传输，被计算机灵活地展现、处理和分析。所以现有的采集测量方法不利于金属缺陷检测或者金属磁特性分析等场合的复杂磁场信号测量。In the occasions of metal defect detection or metal magnetic characteristic analysis, continuous multi-dimensional scanning and measurement of complex magnetic field signals is usually required. During the measurement of complex magnetic field signals, a large amount of magnetic field signal data obtained needs to be collected and transmitted quickly and efficiently, and flexibly displayed, processed and analyzed by the computer. Therefore, the existing acquisition and measurement methods are not conducive to the measurement of complex magnetic field signals in occasions such as metal defect detection or metal magnetic property analysis.
为了克服现有技术中的上述缺陷，本发明提出了一种多路并行磁场信号的采集和传输系统及其方法。本发明通过并行采集和多路复用的办法，实现采集线阵的磁场信号并且传输给计算机系统，可用于分析特定被测目标的复杂磁信号特征。In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects in the prior art, the present invention proposes a system and method for collecting and transmitting multi-channel parallel magnetic field signals. The invention realizes the acquisition of the magnetic field signal of the linear array and transmits it to the computer system through the method of parallel acquisition and multiplexing, and can be used to analyze the complex magnetic signal characteristics of a specific measured target.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明公开了一种多路并行磁场信号的采集和传输系统，包括：信号处理模块，用于捕捉磁场信号，将所述磁场信号转换成电信号及放大和调理所述电信号；并行信号切换模块，其与所述信号处理模块通信，控制所述电信号的逻辑处理、控制对地信号释放和切换信号通道，得到多路复用电信号；信号多路采集模块，其与所述并行信号切换模块通信，用于对所述多路复用电信号进行采样，得到多路信号采样数据；及信号传输和处理模块，其与所述信号多路采集模块通信，用于传输所述多路信号采样数据至计算机中，由所述计算机进行还原和数字处理。The invention discloses a multi-channel parallel magnetic field signal collection and transmission system, comprising: a signal processing module for capturing the magnetic field signal, converting the magnetic field signal into an electrical signal and amplifying and conditioning the electrical signal; parallel signal switching Module, which communicates with the signal processing module, controls the logic processing of the electrical signal, controls the release of the ground signal and switches the signal channel, and obtains the multiplexed electrical signal; the signal multiplex acquisition module, which communicates with the parallel signal Switching module communication, used to sample the multiplexed electrical signal to obtain multi-channel signal sampling data; and a signal transmission and processing module, which communicates with the signal multiplex acquisition module, used to transmit the multiplexed signal The signal sampling data is sent to the computer, and the computer performs restoration and digital processing.
本发明提出的所述多路并行磁场信号的采集和传输系统中，所述信号处理模块包括磁场传感器单元，所述磁场传感器单元包括两条由磁场传感器组成的磁场传感器阵列和运算放大器，所述磁场传感器依次排布，所述磁场传感器的输出多路分布且独立地与所述运算放大器连接。In the acquisition and transmission system of the multi-channel parallel magnetic field signal proposed by the present invention, the signal processing module includes a magnetic field sensor unit, and the magnetic field sensor unit includes two magnetic field sensor arrays composed of magnetic field sensors and an operational amplifier. The magnetic field sensors are arranged in sequence, and the outputs of the magnetic field sensors are multi-channel distributed and independently connected to the operational amplifiers.
本发明提出的所述多路并行磁场信号的采集和传输系统中，所述并行信号切换模块包括高速电子开关，切换信号通道采用高速电子开关实现。In the multi-channel parallel magnetic field signal collection and transmission system proposed by the present invention, the parallel signal switching module includes a high-speed electronic switch, and the switching signal channel is realized by a high-speed electronic switch.
本发明提出的所述多路并行磁场信号的采集和传输系统中，所述信号多路采集模块利用高采样率的模拟数字转换器采集各信号通道的电信号。In the multi-channel parallel magnetic field signal acquisition and transmission system proposed by the present invention, the signal multi-channel acquisition module uses an analog-to-digital converter with a high sampling rate to collect electrical signals of each signal channel.
本发明提出的所述多路并行磁场信号的采集和传输系统中，所述信号传输和处理模块包括高速网络交换机，所述信号传输和处理模块通过千兆以太网传输信号数据。In the multi-channel parallel magnetic field signal acquisition and transmission system proposed by the present invention, the signal transmission and processing module includes a high-speed network switch, and the signal transmission and processing module transmits signal data through Gigabit Ethernet.
本发明还提出了一种多路并行磁场信号的采集和传输方法，包括如下步骤：The present invention also proposes a method for collecting and transmitting multi-channel parallel magnetic field signals, comprising the following steps:
信号处理步骤，利用信号处理模块沿被测物体表面移动，实时捕捉被测物体的磁场信号并将磁场信号转换成电信号，对所述电信号进行放大和调理后传输至并行信号切换模块；The signal processing step uses the signal processing module to move along the surface of the measured object, captures the magnetic field signal of the measured object in real time and converts the magnetic field signal into an electrical signal, amplifies and adjusts the electrical signal and then transmits it to the parallel signal switching module;
并行信号切换步骤，所述并行信号切换模块控制所述电信号的逻辑处理、控制对地信号释放和切换信号通道，得到多路复用电信号，并将所述多路复用电信号传输至信号多路采集模块；Parallel signal switching step, the parallel signal switching module controls the logic processing of the electrical signal, controls the release of the ground signal and switches the signal channel, obtains the multiplexed electrical signal, and transmits the multiplexed electrical signal to Signal multi-channel acquisition module;
信号多路采集步骤，所述信号多路采集模块接收所述多路复用电信号，并利用高采样率的模拟数字转换器进行采样，得到多路信号采样数据；The signal multi-channel acquisition step, the signal multi-channel acquisition module receives the multiplexed electrical signal, and uses an analog-to-digital converter with a high sampling rate to perform sampling to obtain multi-channel signal sampling data;
信号传输和处理步骤，所述信号传输和处理模块通过千兆以太网作为传感网络将所述多路信号采样数据传输给计算机，所述计算机接收后对所述多路信号采样数据进行还原和数字处理。In the signal transmission and processing step, the signal transmission and processing module transmits the multi-channel signal sampling data to a computer through Gigabit Ethernet as a sensor network, and the computer restores and summarizes the multi-channel signal sampling data after receiving digital processing.
本发明提出的所述采集和传输方法中，所述信号处理步骤中，所述磁场信号是使用磁场传感器单元捕捉获得的。In the collection and transmission method proposed by the present invention, in the signal processing step, the magnetic field signal is captured by a magnetic field sensor unit.
本发明提出的所述采集和传输方法中，所述磁场传感器单元包括两条由磁场传感器组成的磁场传感器阵列和运算放大器，所述磁场传感器分别捕捉所在区域的磁场数据，分别通过所述运算放大器后得到所述磁场信号，经所述运算放大器进行放大后的磁场信号能够被所述模拟数字转换器采样。In the collection and transmission method proposed by the present invention, the magnetic field sensor unit includes two magnetic field sensor arrays composed of magnetic field sensors and an operational amplifier, and the magnetic field sensors respectively capture the magnetic field data of the area where they are located, and pass through the operational amplifiers respectively After obtaining the magnetic field signal, the magnetic field signal amplified by the operational amplifier can be sampled by the analog-to-digital converter.
本发明提出的所述采集和传输方法中，所述并行信号切换步骤中，并行信号切换模块使用高速电子开关对所述电信号进行信号通路高速切换，使得所述电信号适于被所述高采样率的模拟数字转换器采样。In the collection and transmission method proposed by the present invention, in the parallel signal switching step, the parallel signal switching module uses a high-speed electronic switch to switch the signal path of the electrical signal at high speed, so that the electrical signal is suitable for being read by the high-speed sampling rate of the analog-to-digital converter sampling.
本发明提出的所述采集和传输方法中，所述信号传输和处理步骤中利用高速网络交换机组成包含由多个信号多路采集模块获得的多路信号采样数据的传感网络。In the acquisition and transmission method proposed by the present invention, in the signal transmission and processing step, a high-speed network switch is used to form a sensor network including multi-channel signal sampling data obtained by multiple signal multi-channel acquisition modules.
本发明通过并行采集和多路复用的办法，实现将磁场传感器适用于采集复杂磁场信号，其有益效果是，连续、多维度的扫描复杂磁场信号，快速实时地采集线阵的磁场信号并且传输给计算机系统，利用传统磁场传感器实现分析特定被测目标的复杂磁信号特征。The present invention realizes that the magnetic field sensor is suitable for collecting complex magnetic field signals by means of parallel collection and multiplexing. For the computer system, the traditional magnetic field sensor is used to analyze the complex magnetic signal characteristics of a specific target to be measured.
本发明利用高速网络交换机等方法，组成更大规模的传感网络，实现对目标进行更高精度与更大测量范围的测量。The invention utilizes methods such as high-speed network switches to form a larger-scale sensor network, so as to realize the measurement of a target with higher precision and a larger measurement range.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明多路并行磁场信号的采集和传输系统的示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the acquisition and transmission system of multi-channel parallel magnetic field signals of the present invention.
图2是本发明采集和传输方法的流程图。Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the collection and transmission method of the present invention.
图3是传感网络的示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a sensor network.
图4是实施例中多路并行磁场信号的采集和传输系统的结构图。Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of the acquisition and transmission system of multi-channel parallel magnetic field signals in the embodiment.
图5是实施例中多路并行磁场信号的采集和传输系统的示意图。Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an acquisition and transmission system of multi-channel parallel magnetic field signals in an embodiment.
图6是本发明系统测得的磁场信号强度图。Fig. 6 is a diagram of the signal strength of the magnetic field measured by the system of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
结合以下具体实施例和附图，对本发明作进一步的详细说明。实施本发明的过程、条件、实验方法等，除以下专门提及的内容之外，均为本领域的普遍知识和公知常识，本发明没有特别限制内容。The present invention will be further described in detail in conjunction with the following specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. The process, conditions, experimental methods, etc. for implementing the present invention, except for the content specifically mentioned below, are common knowledge and common knowledge in this field, and the present invention has no special limitation content.
本发明通过并行采集，多路复用的办法，将线阵的磁场信号采集，并且传输给计算机系统，从而灵活地展现、处理磁场数据，用于分析特定被测目标的复杂磁信号特征。The present invention collects the magnetic field signals of the linear array through the method of parallel collection and multiplexing, and transmits them to a computer system, thereby flexibly displaying and processing the magnetic field data, and analyzing the complex magnetic signal characteristics of a specific measured target.
如图1所示，本发明多路并行磁场信号的采集和传输系统，是复杂磁场数据采集分析体系，包括信号处理模块1、并行信号切换模块2、信号多路采集模块3以及信号传输处理模块4。As shown in Figure 1, the multi-channel parallel magnetic field signal acquisition and transmission system of the present invention is a complex magnetic field data acquisition and analysis system, including a signal processing module 1, a parallel signal switching module 2, a signal multi-channel acquisition module 3 and a signal transmission processing module 4.
其中，信号处理模块1实现捕捉磁场信号、将磁场信号转换成电信号及对电信号的放大及调理。信号处理模块1中包括磁场传感器单元，磁场传感器单元包括两条由磁场传感器组成的磁场传感器阵列和运算放大器。在磁场传感器单元在被测物体表面移动时，其中的磁场传感器分别捕捉所在区域的磁场数据，分别通过运算放大器后得到磁场信号，经运算放大器进行放大后的磁场信号能够被模拟数字转换器采样。Among them, the signal processing module 1 realizes capturing the magnetic field signal, converting the magnetic field signal into an electric signal, and amplifying and conditioning the electric signal. The signal processing module 1 includes a magnetic field sensor unit, and the magnetic field sensor unit includes two magnetic field sensor arrays composed of magnetic field sensors and an operational amplifier. When the magnetic field sensor unit moves on the surface of the measured object, the magnetic field sensors in it respectively capture the magnetic field data in the area, and obtain the magnetic field signals after passing through the operational amplifier, and the magnetic field signal amplified by the operational amplifier can be sampled by the analog-to-digital converter.
并行信号切换模块2与信号处理模块1连接，并行信号切换模块2中包括高速电子开关，利用高速电子开关控制信号处理模块所得电信号的逻辑处理、控制对地信号释放和切换信号通道，得到多路复用电信号。The parallel signal switching module 2 is connected with the signal processing module 1, and the parallel signal switching module 2 includes a high-speed electronic switch, and uses the high-speed electronic switch to control the logical processing of the electrical signal obtained by the signal processing module, control the release of the ground signal and switch the signal channel, and obtain multiple multiplex electrical signals.
信号多路采集模块3与并行信号切换模块2连接，信号多路采集模块3包括高采样率的模拟数字转换器，其用于对多路复用电信号进行ADC采样得到被测物体的磁场信号数据，实现多路采集磁场信号。The signal multi-channel acquisition module 3 is connected to the parallel signal switching module 2, and the signal multi-channel acquisition module 3 includes an analog-to-digital converter with a high sampling rate, which is used to perform ADC sampling on the multiplexed electrical signal to obtain the magnetic field signal of the measured object Data, to achieve multi-channel acquisition of magnetic field signals.
信号传输和处理模块4与信号多路采集模块3连接，实现用千兆以太网传输信号和计算机处理信号。信号传输和处理模块4使用千兆以太网传输数据，包括如高速网络交换机等能够组成更大规模传感网络的设备，以及包括通用计算机等数据处理设备来处理多路信号采样数据。The signal transmission and processing module 4 is connected with the signal multi-channel acquisition module 3 to realize signal transmission and computer processing by Gigabit Ethernet. The signal transmission and processing module 4 uses Gigabit Ethernet to transmit data, including devices such as high-speed network switches that can form larger-scale sensor networks, and data processing devices such as general-purpose computers to process multi-channel signal sampling data.
本发明多路并行磁场信号的采集和传输系统的采集和传输方法，如图2所示，包括如下步骤：The acquisition and transmission method of the acquisition and transmission system of multi-channel parallel magnetic field signals of the present invention, as shown in Figure 2, comprises the following steps:
信号处理步骤，利用信号处理模块1沿被测物体表面移动，实时捕捉被测物体的磁场信号并将磁场信号转换成电信号，对电信号进行放大和调理后传输至并行信号切换模块2。经运算放大器进行放大后的磁场信号能够被模拟数字转换器采样。In the signal processing step, the signal processing module 1 is used to move along the surface of the measured object, capture the magnetic field signal of the measured object in real time and convert the magnetic field signal into an electrical signal, amplify and condition the electrical signal and transmit it to the parallel signal switching module 2 . The magnetic field signal amplified by the operational amplifier can be sampled by an analog-to-digital converter.
并行信号切换步骤，并行信号切换模块2控制电信号的逻辑处理、控制对地信号释放和切换信号通道，得到多路复用电信号，并将多路复用电信号传输至信号多路采集模块3。其中，通过使用高速电子开关进行高速切换使得磁场信号能够被信号多路采集模块3的高采样率ADC模拟数字转换器采集。Parallel signal switching step, the parallel signal switching module 2 controls the logical processing of the electrical signal, controls the release of the ground signal and switches the signal channel, obtains the multiplexed electrical signal, and transmits the multiplexed electrical signal to the signal multiplex acquisition module 3. Wherein, by using high-speed electronic switches for high-speed switching, the magnetic field signals can be collected by the high-sampling-rate ADC analog-to-digital converter of the signal multiplex acquisition module 3 .
信号多路采集步骤，信号多路采集模块3接收多路复用电信号，并利用高采样率的模拟数字转换器进行采样，得到多路信号采样数据。In the signal multi-channel acquisition step, the signal multi-channel acquisition module 3 receives the multiplexed electrical signal, and uses a high sampling rate analog-to-digital converter to perform sampling to obtain multi-channel signal sampling data.
信号传输和处理步骤，信号传输和处理模块4通过千兆以太网作为传感网络将多路信号采样数据传输给计算机，计算机接收后对多路信号采样数据进行还原和数字处理。In the signal transmission and processing step, the signal transmission and processing module 4 transmits the multi-channel signal sampling data to the computer through Gigabit Ethernet as a sensor network, and the computer restores and digitally processes the multi-channel signal sampling data after receiving it.
优选地，传输和处理步骤中可以通过采用高速网络交换机等方式，将多个传输信号多路采集模块3所得数据的千兆以太网组成更大规模的传感网络,如图3所示，即该传感网络对应了多个传输信号多路采集模块3所得数据，从而可以对被测目标进行更高精度、更大范围的测量。Preferably, in the transmission and processing steps, the Gigabit Ethernet of the data obtained by the multiple transmission signal multi-channel acquisition module 3 can be formed into a larger-scale sensor network by adopting a high-speed network switch, etc., as shown in Figure 3, namely The sensor network corresponds to the data obtained by multiple transmission signal multi-channel acquisition modules 3, so that the measured target can be measured with higher precision and in a wider range.
实施例：Example:
图4显示具体实施例中多路并行磁场信号的采集和传输系统。如图4和图5所示，利用信号处理模块1按指定方向移动并扫描有缺陷的被测金属目标实现信号的处理，使得电信号能够被模拟数字转换器ADC采集。通过两条磁场传感器阵列中的磁场传感器各自捕捉磁场信号的变化并将磁场信号物理地转换成电信号，该电信号通过运算放大器放大得到处理过的多路电信号。信号的处理包括多路的磁信号到电信号转换、信号放大及信号调理等一系列处理。Fig. 4 shows the acquisition and transmission system of multiple parallel magnetic field signals in a specific embodiment. As shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the signal processing is realized by using the signal processing module 1 to move in a specified direction and scan the defective metal target under test, so that the electrical signal can be collected by the analog-to-digital converter ADC. The magnetic field sensors in the two magnetic field sensor arrays respectively capture the change of the magnetic field signal and physically convert the magnetic field signal into an electrical signal, and the electrical signal is amplified by an operational amplifier to obtain a processed multi-channel electrical signal. Signal processing includes a series of processing such as multi-channel magnetic signal to electrical signal conversion, signal amplification and signal conditioning.
并行信号切换模块2接收到电信号后，通过S1到Sn多个高速电子开关控制多路电信号的逻辑处理、控制对地信号的释放，使得多路电信号的通道实现高速切换，得到多路复用的电信号。After receiving the electrical signal, the parallel signal switching module 2 controls the logic processing of the multi-channel electrical signal and the release of the signal to ground through multiple high-speed electronic switches S1 to Sn, so that the channels of the multi-channel electrical signal can be switched at high speed, and multiple channels are obtained. Multiplexed electrical signals.
信号多路采集模块3接收到多路复用电信号后，通过高采样率模拟数字转换器将多路复用电信号从模拟信号转换为数字信号，从而实现信号的多路采集，得到被测目标的多路信号采样数据。After receiving the multiplexed electrical signal, the signal multiplexed acquisition module 3 converts the multiplexed electrical signal from an analog signal to a digital signal through a high sampling rate analog-to-digital converter, thereby realizing multiplexed acquisition of the signal and obtaining the measured The target's multiplex sample data.
信号传输和处理模块4将多路信号采样数据用千兆以太网传输给计算机处理，计算机分析被测目标的复杂磁信号特征。优选地，可以通过高速网络交换机组成更大规模的传感网络，即该传感网络包含由多个信号多路采集模块3获得的多路信号采样数据，从而对被测目标进行了更高精度、更大范围的测量。The signal transmission and processing module 4 transmits the multi-channel signal sampling data to the computer for processing through Gigabit Ethernet, and the computer analyzes the complex magnetic signal characteristics of the measured target. Preferably, a larger-scale sensor network can be formed through a high-speed network switch, that is, the sensor network includes multi-channel signal sampling data obtained by multiple signal multi-channel acquisition modules 3, thereby performing a higher-precision measurement of the measured target. , a larger range of measurement.
如图6，是本发明系统中通用计算机接收传感网络传来的数据，进行还原和数字处理，测得的多路磁场信号强度图。通过信号处理结果可分析被测目标的复杂磁信号特征，例如，检测出被测金属的缺陷。As shown in Fig. 6, it is the multi-channel magnetic field signal strength diagram measured by the general-purpose computer in the system of the present invention after receiving the data from the sensor network, performing restoration and digital processing. The complex magnetic signal characteristics of the measured target can be analyzed through the signal processing results, for example, the defects of the tested metal can be detected.
本发明的保护内容不局限于以上实施例。在不背离发明构思的精神和范围下，本领域技术人员能够想到的变化和优点都被包括在本发明中，并且以所附的权利要求书为保护范围。The protection content of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the inventive concept, changes and advantages conceivable by those skilled in the art are all included in the present invention, and the appended claims are the protection scope.
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