CN104458547A - Stress-adjustable corrosion-resistant property measuring device and stress-adjustable corrosion-resistant property measuring method - Google Patents
Stress-adjustable corrosion-resistant property measuring device and stress-adjustable corrosion-resistant property measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104458547A CN104458547A CN201410201927.1A CN201410201927A CN104458547A CN 104458547 A CN104458547 A CN 104458547A CN 201410201927 A CN201410201927 A CN 201410201927A CN 104458547 A CN104458547 A CN 104458547A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a stress-adjustable corrosion-resistant property measuring device which comprises a tensile testing machine, a rigid frame, a fastening nut, a screw rod sample and a stress testing device, wherein one surface of the rigid frame is provided with a screw rod sample installation hole A, the opposite surface of the rigid frame is provided with a screw rod sample installation hole B, and the circle centers of the screw rod sample installation hole A and the screw rod sample installation hole B are positioned on a same horizontal line; the screw rod sample is inserted into the screw rod sample installation hole A and the screw rod sample installation hole B and fixed through the fastening nut, the material of the screw rod sample is the same as the material of a sample to be measured, and two ends of the screw rod sample are connected with clamps of the tensile testing machine; and the stress testing device is arranged in the middle of the screw rod sample. The stress-adjustable corrosion-resistant property measuring device disclosed by the invention can not only be used for measuring a corrosion-resistant property parameter of a material with considered stress influence, but also be used for measuring the corrosion-resistant property parameter at corresponding stress level aiming at the actual service condition of a structure, so that the corrosion-resistant property of the structure during actual service is relatively accurately evaluated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to corrosion resisting property field of measuring technique, especially relate to the adjustable corrosion resisting property measurement mechanism of a kind of stress and measuring method.
Background technology
Known, along with the raising of industrialized level, each field is day by day strong to the demand of high-performance new material especially metal material.Because environment for use is different, material is exposed to the medium such as air and ocean, makes corrosion inevitable.Corrosion causes huge loss to material, and the corrosion of metal material is directly connected to the every field of national economy, and therefore the corrosion of metal material and protection become problem demanding prompt solution in material science.
Consuming excessively and reducing due to land resources, for meeting the development of industrial technology, Development of Marine science and technology becomes the top priority of various countries.Along with the development of ocean development, port construction, coastal nuclear power, petrochemical complex, large iron and steel enterprise and shipbuilding industry, the application of metal material in marine environment is paid attention to day by day, and application quantity, range of application constantly increase.And seawater is physical environment the most sufficient the harshest Korrosionsmedium, in order to carry out correct selecting and protecting to metal material, increase economic efficiency, make the marine corrosion data of the corrosion behavior of research metal material in marine environment and rule and accumulation common used material become very urgent.
Uniform corrosion and spot corrosion are the common corrosion types of two kinds of structural member in marine environment.Uniform corrosion refers on the metal surface almost with the corrosion that identical speed is carried out.Spot corrosion is the corrosion aperture occurred in material surface regional area to depths development, and the remainder on surface is then often without any obvious corrosion, and pit, once be formed, has the power of " deep-cutting ", i.e. the effect of the automatic acceleration to depths.Uniform corrosion and spot corrosion all have great hidden danger and destructiveness.The characterization parameter of uniform corrosion and spot corrosion is respectively uniform corrosion rate and Pitting Susceptibility.In addition, in sample process-exposed, stress corrosion crack phenomenon may occur, the corrosion cracking time is also the characterization parameter of material corrosion resistance.Therefore, the decay resistance parameter of Measurement accuracy material has great importance.
At present, the uniform corrosion rate test measuring material mainly contains two classes: a class is indoor accelerated corrosion test, can the corrosion stability of Fast Evaluation material, but is difficult to simulating practical service environment, test findings and material actual corrosion behavior consistance poor; Another kind of is ocean hanging test, puts into practical service environment and tests, can be used for the corrosion mechanism of research material, corrosion regularity and corrosion cause by test specimen.
The test condition that above corrosion resistance is measured is the free state without loading, and does not consider the impact of stress on corrosion rate.Owing to affecting the variation of marine corrosion factor and complicated, especially plus load (stress) impact on corrosion rate when structure is on active service is most important, rely on traditional corrosion regularity not considering the corrosion resistance test research metal material of stress influence, truly can not show the corrosion condition under the actual service condition of metal material all sidedly, obtained experimental result can not accurate evaluation structure is actual when being on active service corrosion resisting property, and actual reference frame is not enough.
The test condition of existing corrosion resistance is the free state without loading, and component under arms time always bear corresponding plus load, plus load (stress) must affect corrosion rate.But consider that the material corrosion resistance testing research of stress influence is domestic and be substantially in blank, result consistance when causing corrosion resistance test result and practical structures to be on active service is poor.The corrosion resistance proving installation of stress influence and the irrationality of method is not considered for existing, according to structure service condition, design experiment result considers the corrosion resistance proving installation that stress that different stress level affects material corrosion speed is adjustable more reliably, more accurately rational corrosion resistance test data are provided, carry out corresponding research work, there is realistic meaning.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the decay resistance measurement mechanism that a kind of stress is adjustable, according to the convenient decay resistance parameter accurately recording material of actual service condition, during to solve traditional material corrosion resistance parameter measurement, can not consider the problem that stress affects corrosion rate.
In order to realize described goal of the invention, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
The decay resistance measurement mechanism that stress is adjustable, described measurement mechanism comprises cupping machine, rigid frame, clamp nut, screw rod sample, stress test device; The one side of described rigid frame is provided with screw rod sample mounting hole A, and opposite face is provided with screw rod sample mounting hole B, and the center of circle of screw rod sample mounting hole A and screw rod sample mounting hole B in the same horizontal line; Described screw rod sample is inserted in screw rod sample mounting hole A and screw rod sample mounting hole B, is fixed by clamp nut; The material of described screw rod sample is identical with sample to be tested material; Screw rod sample two ends connect the jig of cupping machine, and stress test device is located in the middle part of screw rod sample.
Stress test device of the present invention is extensometer or foil gauge.
Rigid frame of the present invention is rectangular parallelepiped or the right cylinder of middle part hollow out.
The decay resistance measuring method that stress is adjustable, its measuring process is: in the screw rod sample mounting hole A 1. screw rod sample being inserted in rigid frame and screw rod sample mounting hole B, fix with clamp nut;
2. the jig of cupping machine is blocked the two ends of screw rod sample, by cupping machine to screw rod sample imposed load, with stress test device test cupping machine to the stress numerical of screw rod sample imposed load;
3. with clamp nut, screw rod sample and rigid frame are fixed, then screw rod sample two ends are separated with cupping machine jig, and cupping machine is unloaded, keep stress numerical constant;
4. be stained with in the middle part of screw rod sample with adhesive plaster, the rigid frame be fixed together together with fastened nut all invades application in anticorrosive paint, treats that anticorrosive paint dries after application, is removed by adhesive plaster, and test unit is put into marine corrosion environment and expose;
5. the decay resistance parameter of screw rod samples is measured according to the measuring method of spot corrosion or uniform corrosion.
When considering that the decay resistance of stress influence is measured, intuitively cannot determine the size applying stress.Because load when structure is on active service all can not be greater than the yield strength of material, namely screw rod sample structure is in elastic range, can according to theory of elastic mechanics process.And according to formula (1) Hooke's law, stress intensity realizes (temperature one timing, the elastic modulus of material is a fixed value) by the strain size controlling test specimen in test specimen, and strain size and record by extensometer or foil gauge.Therefore, after recording the elastic modulus of material when specifying test temperature, by regulating the size of strain, realizing stress adjustable, and then realizing the loading (strain and stress one_to_one corresponding) of different stress level.
(1)
The stress of σ in formula---loading;
The elastic modulus of E---sample material;
The strain of ε---loading.
Spot corrosion and uniform corrosion are the common corrosion types of two kinds of hardware in marine environment.When Measurement accuracy considers stress influence, the Pitting Susceptibility of metal material and uniform corrosion rate have great importance.The degree of depth of point corrosion pit occurred is measured, the depth capacity that certain hour internal pitting is cheated and mean depth can be determined, to evaluate the Pitting Susceptibility of material under particular stress level.Employing weight-loss method is tested, the uniform corrosion rate of material under particular stress level can be provided, shown in (2): regularly (tentative 1 week, concrete monitoring periods needs to consult, depending on actual test conditions with testing crew) weighing to test unit calculates, under ideal conditions, the part screw rod sample wrapped up by anticorrosive paint and rigid frame corrode, and weightlessness all should count expose portion.
Uniform corrosion rate=kW/At ρ (2)
K in formula---constant, equals 3.65 × 103;
W---sample corrosion weight loss during corresponding stress level, g;
A---specimen surface amasss, cm2;
T---test period, d;
ρ---density of material, g/cm3.
Consider that in process-exposed, stress corrosion crack phenomenon may occur screw rod sample, the corrosion cracking time under particular stress level is also the Important Parameters of exosyndrome material decay resistance.In sample process-exposed, the omnidistance potential change adopting real maritime patrol to survey electrochemical appliance monitoring sample, as there is corrosion cracking, then can judge the corrosion cracking time under particular stress level by potential change.
Above decay resistance parameter is recorded by the decay resistance measurement mechanism that stress is adjustable, can consider the impact of different stress level, more can accurately the decay resistance of evaluating material than traditional decay resistance parameter not considering stress influence.In addition, test figure under different stress level is carried out recurrence process, the relation between decay resistance parameter and stress can be obtained.
In order to the decay resistance parameter under Measurement accuracy particular stress level, when using of the present invention, screw rod, nut and rigid frame, interrelatedly between three can not separately use, and has corresponding specified features.
Owing to have employed technique scheme, the present invention has following beneficial effect: the present invention has the advantages such as design concept is simple, easy to operate, efficiency is high, strong adaptability, and stress controllability of the present invention makes this device can measure the decay resistance parameter of different stress level, different materials.Under the decay resistance measurement mechanism effect that stress of the present invention is adjustable, the uniform corrosion rate of material under different stress level in particular etch medium, Pitting Susceptibility and corrosion cracking time can be obtained.Use the decay resistance parameter that the adjustable decay resistance measurement mechanism of stress of the present invention records, owing to considering the impact of stress on decay resistance, the actual military service situation of structure can be instructed more accurately.
Adopt the decay resistance measurement mechanism that stress of the present invention is adjustable, the material corrosion resistance parameter considering stress influence can not only be recorded, and the actual service condition for structure measures the decay resistance parameter under corresponding stress level, more accurately evaluation structure actual be on active service time corrosion resisting property.From the viewpoint of engineering adaptability, by the adjustable effect of the stress of device, can, for different stress level, different materials, this device be made to have wider engineering adaptability.
Concrete advantage of the present invention is:
(1) the decay resistance measurement mechanism utilizing stress adjustable can record the material corrosion resistance parameter considering stress influence, can instruct the actual military service situation of structure more accurately.The shortcoming of stress influence is not considered when avoiding traditional decay resistance parameter measurement.
(2) the decay resistance measurement mechanism utilizing stress adjustable can record the decay resistance parameter under different stress level, and principle is simple, easy to operate, engineering adaptability is wide.Avoid the shortcoming that traditional decay resistance measurement mechanism engineering adaptability is low.
(3) under the different stress levels recorded by the decay resistance measurement mechanism utilizing stress adjustable, test figure carries out recurrence process, obtains the relation between decay resistance parameter and stress.Can more effective evaluation different stress level time decay resistance.Avoid the shortcoming need measured one by one for decay resistance parameter during particular stress level.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of rigid frame and screw rod sample in the adjustable decay resistance measurement mechanism of stress of the present invention.
In figure: 1, rigid frame; 2, screw rod sample mounting hole A; 3, screw rod sample mounting hole B; 4, screw rod sample; 5, clamp nut.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the adjustable decay resistance measurement mechanism of stress of the present invention.
In figure: 1, rigid frame; 2, screw rod sample mounting hole A; 3, screw rod sample mounting hole B; 4, screw rod sample; 5, clamp nut; 6, the jig of cupping machine; 7, stress test device.
Embodiment
By explanation the present invention that the following examples can be detailed, disclose object of the present invention and be intended to protect all technological improvements in the scope of the invention.
The decay resistance measurement mechanism that stress of the present invention is adjustable comprises cupping machine, rigid frame 1, clamp nut 5, screw rod sample 4, stress test device 7; The one side of described rigid frame 1 is provided with screw rod sample mounting hole A2, and opposite face is provided with screw rod sample mounting hole B3, and the center of circle of screw rod sample mounting hole A2 and screw rod sample mounting hole B3 in the same horizontal line; Described screw rod sample 4 is inserted in screw rod sample mounting hole A2 and screw rod sample mounting hole B3, is fixed by clamp nut 5; The material of described screw rod sample 4 is identical with sample to be tested material; Screw rod sample 4 two ends connect the jig 6 of cupping machine, and stress test device 7 is located in the middle part of screw rod sample 4.Described stress test device 7 is extensometer or foil gauge.Described screw rod sample 4 of the present invention is exactly the sample that the adjustable decay resistance measurement mechanism of stress will be measured, and it is a part for device, becomes screw rod sample pattern with the material design of sample, is convenient to install fix.By cupping machine, screw rod sample 4 is loaded into required stress level, uses clamp nut 5 by fastening for the screw rod sample two ends and rigid frame 1 passing rigid frame 1, realize the applying of stress in screw rod sample 4.The applying of different stress level is realized by the numerical values recited controlling extensometer in the middle part of screw rod sample 4 or foil gauge.Carry out the measurement of corresponding decay resistance parameter again, the measurement of material corrosion resistance parameter when can realize different stress level.The stress adjustability of device and the popularization contributing to device simple to operate.
Before measuring decay resistance parameter when considering stress, ready work: by required size requirement processing rigid frame 1, ensure that rigid frame 1 is coaxial with screw rod sample 4, by the screw rod sample mounting hole of screw rod sample 4 through rigid frame 1, and clamp nut is sleeved on the end of screw rod sample, now without the need to fastening nut, screw rod sample two ends are connected with cupping machine jig 6, extensometer or foil gauge are installed in the middle part of screw rod sample 4, and ensure that the registration not loading front extensometer or foil gauge is zero, cupping machine is to screw rod sample 4 imposed load, stop loading when the numerical value of extensometer or foil gauge reaches corresponding stress value, the clamp nut 5 at screw rod sample 4 two ends is now needed to tighten with the connecting portion of rigid frame 1, test unit is separated with cupping machine jig, and cupping machine is unloaded, whether the numerical value observing extensometer or foil gauge changes, as changed, need reload, extensometer after unloading until final on test specimen or the numerical value of foil gauge meet corresponding stress numerical.Detected part adhesive plaster on screw rod sample 4 is stained with and protects, the whole device of band sample is invaded in anticorrosive paint and carries out protection application, after anticorrosive paint dries, by adhesive plaster removal, and test unit is put into corresponding marine corrosion environment and expose.After certain hour, measure decay resistance parameter according to corresponding measuring method.By the adjustable decay resistance measurement mechanism of stress of the present invention in conjunction with corresponding decay resistance measurement method of parameters, the material corrosion resistance parameter under certain stress level can be recorded, the more effective and reasonable actual military service situation instructing structure.
Material corrosion resistance parameter measurement when the decay resistance measurement mechanism that design stress is adjustable can adapt to different stress level.In order to obtain material corrosion resistance parameter during different stress level accurately, this invention takes following several measures:
(1), by cupping machine by screw rod sample imposed load, when stress reaches desired level, with clamp nut 5, screw rod sample 4 and rigid frame 1 are tightened, then screw rod sample 4 is separated with cupping machine jig 6.Its fundamental purpose is the applying ensureing stress in test specimen.
(2) extensometer or foil gauge are installed in the position, on test specimen beyond detected part.Its fundamental purpose is by regulating extensometer or foil gauge numerical value to reach the effect regulating stress, realizing the controllability of stress.
For the structured material soaking in the seawater (entirely soaking) all the time, stress level is respectively the measurement of the material corrosion resistance parameter of 400MPa, 500MPa, 600MPa, 700MPa and 800MPa.Use the decay resistance measurement mechanism that stress of the present invention is adjustable, decay resistance when carrying out corresponding stress level according to the above-mentioned course of work is measured, ensure during measurement that the detected part in adjustable decay resistance measurement mechanism is soaked in the seawater all the time, test period is defined as 6 months ~ 1 year at first, and actual cycle need be determined according to the corrosion condition of sample.
For the structured material experiencing alternation of wetting and drying (leaching) in use procedure, stress level is respectively the measurement of the material corrosion resistance parameter of 400MPa, 500MPa, 600MPa, 700MPa and 800MPa.Use the decay resistance measurement mechanism that stress of the present invention is adjustable, decay resistance when carrying out corresponding stress level according to the above-mentioned course of work is measured, military service process actual in structure is the same in the seawater experiences alternation of wetting and drying for the detected part ensureing in adjustable decay resistance measurement mechanism during measurement, test period is defined as 6 months ~ 1 year at first, and actual cycle need be determined according to the corrosion condition of sample.
For the structured material of part contact seawater in use procedure (half leaching), stress level is respectively the measurement of the material corrosion resistance parameter of 400MPa, 500MPa, 600MPa, 700MPa and 800MPa.Use the decay resistance measurement mechanism that stress of the present invention is adjustable, decay resistance when carrying out corresponding stress level according to the above-mentioned course of work is measured, ensure during measurement that the detected part in adjustable decay resistance measurement mechanism is positioned near waterline, test period is defined as 6 months ~ 1 year at first, and actual cycle need be determined according to the corrosion condition of sample.
According to different structured materials, stress level difference is set, the test period is also different, determines according to the corrosion condition of sample.
Part not in the detailed description of the invention is prior art.
Claims (4)
1. the decay resistance measurement mechanism that stress is adjustable, is characterized in that: described measurement mechanism comprises tension tester, rigid frame (1), clamp nut (5), screw rod sample (4), stress test device (7); The one side of described rigid frame (1) is provided with screw rod sample mounting hole A(2), opposite face is provided with screw rod sample mounting hole B(3), screw rod sample mounting hole A(2) and screw rod sample mounting hole B(3) the center of circle in the same horizontal line; Described screw rod sample (4) is inserted in screw rod sample mounting hole A(2) and screw rod sample mounting hole B(3) in, fixed by clamp nut (5); The material of described screw rod sample (4) is identical with sample to be tested material; Screw rod sample (4) two ends connect the jig (6) of cupping machine, and stress test device (7) is located at screw rod sample (4) middle part.
2. the decay resistance measurement mechanism that stress as claimed in claim 1 is adjustable, is characterized in that: described stress test device (7) is extensometer or foil gauge.
3. the decay resistance measurement mechanism that stress as claimed in claim 1 is adjustable, is characterized in that: the rectangular parallelepiped that described rigid frame (1) is middle part hollow out or right cylinder.
4. the decay resistance measuring method that a stress is adjustable, it is characterized in that: its measuring process is: the screw rod sample mounting hole A(2 1. screw rod sample (4) being inserted in rigid frame (1)) and screw rod sample mounting hole B(3) in, fix with clamp nut (5);
2. the jig (6) of cupping machine is blocked the two ends of screw rod sample (4), by cupping machine to screw rod sample (4) imposed load, with stress test device (7) test cupping machine to the stress numerical of screw rod sample (4) imposed load;
3. use clamp nut (5) screw rod sample (4) and rigid frame (1) to be fixed, then screw rod sample (4) two ends are separated with cupping machine jig (6), and cupping machine is unloaded, keep stress numerical constant;
4. screw rod sample (4) middle part adhesive plaster is stained with, the rigid frame (1) be fixed together together with fastened nut (5) all invades application in anticorrosive paint, treat after application that anticorrosive paint dries, adhesive plaster is removed, and test unit is put into marine corrosion environment and expose;
5. the decay resistance parameter of screw rod samples is measured according to the measuring method of spot corrosion or uniform corrosion.
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CN110186756A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-08-30 | 东南大学 | A kind of device and method for testing extra-high strength wire stress corrosion |
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CN114441306A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-05-06 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Method and device for testing metal protective coating in stress corrosion environment |
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