CN104457016A - Superconducting magnetic heat ultralow-temperature refrigeration method and device thereof - Google Patents
Superconducting magnetic heat ultralow-temperature refrigeration method and device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104457016A CN104457016A CN201410664752.8A CN201410664752A CN104457016A CN 104457016 A CN104457016 A CN 104457016A CN 201410664752 A CN201410664752 A CN 201410664752A CN 104457016 A CN104457016 A CN 104457016A
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- superconductor
- isothermal
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- degaussing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B21/00—Machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2321/00—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects
- F25B2321/002—Details of machines, plants or systems, using electric or magnetic effects by using magneto-caloric effects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
Abstract
The invention provides a superconducting magnetic heat ultralow-temperature refrigeration method. The method includes the steps that (1), a superconductor is adiabatically magnetized, so that the superconductor absorbs heat to reduce the system temperature; (2), the superconductor is demagnetized at constant temperature, so that the superconductor releases own heat to a working medium. Due to the Meissner effect, a magnetic field can not be built in the superconductor, the problem that in the adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration process, as a magnetic field equivalent to an original magnetic field is built in the working medium after the working medium is magnetized, demagnetization is difficult, and lower temperature can not be obtained can be solved, and a path for obtaining the temperature lower than that of adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration is provided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to super low temperature refrigeration technology, particularly relate to the method and the device thereof that utilize superconducting magnetic heat to reach super low temperature refrigeration.
Background technology
The more extensive super low temperature refrigeration technology of current application mainly contains: adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration (paramagnet adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration, core adiabatic magnetization refrigeration), 3He/4He dilution refrigeration, slope Mi Langqiuke refrigeration, laser cooling etc.
In prior art, the use material of paramagnet adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration can widely, and general rare earth paramagnetic salt is used as working medium, can reach mK grade low-temp.In addition, nuclear adiabatic demagnetization is freezed, although the working medium that can choose comparatively extensively (such as, once used metallic copper and silver as working medium), and also can obtain the low temperature of the limit to nK.But be only limitted to nuclear spin temperature at this low temperature, in molecule aspect, temperature reduces little, may be still mK rank.
The feature of 3He/4He dilution refrigeration and slope Mi Langqiuke refrigeration is can continuous operation, instead of the single cycle work of adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration, and the low temperature order of magnitude that can reach is mK.Divide again a variety of in laser cooling limit, can reach the temperature rank of 100 μ K to 100nK, cooling size range is in the scope of atom to a small amount of molecule.
Thus, it is limited or be difficult to obtain the low temperature of the more degree of depth and Refrigeration Technique requires higher problem that current super low temperature refrigeration technology mainly contains refrigeration size.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to the smooth start speed governing realizing motor, the adjustment of the electrical equipment used under severe environmental conditions, and guarantees the safe and reliable work of motor and other electrical equipment.
One aspect of the present invention is a kind of hot super low temperature refrigeration method of superconducting magnetic, comprising: (1) carries out adiabatic magnetization to superconductor, absorbs heat thus reduce system temperature to make described superconductor; And (2) carry out isothermal degaussing to described superconductor, to make described superconductor, self heat is released into working medium.
In some embodiments, describedly adiabatic magnetization is carried out to superconductor comprise, make external magnetic field intensity meet and exceed superconducting magnetic critical level, to make described superconductor move to quench state, thus absorb heat with low system temperature.
In some embodiments, described isothermal degaussing comprises, and makes described superconductor external magnetic field intensity reduce to zero thus enters most degree of depth superconductor state.
In some embodiments, described method also comprises: repeat above-mentioned steps, until described system reaches required low temperature.
In some embodiments, described working medium is helium.
Another aspect of the invention is the hot ultra-low temperature refrigerating device of a kind of superconducting magnetic, comprise adiabatic magnetization module, adiabatic magnetization is carried out to superconductor, absorb heat to make described superconductor thus reduce system temperature; And isothermal degaussing module, isothermal degaussing is carried out to described superconductor, to make described superconductor, self heat is released into working medium.
In some embodiments, described adiabatic magnetization module and described isothermal degaussing module are formed by same circuit, and provide the break-make of described circuit in the described adiabatic magnetization module of switching and described isothermal degaussing module.
In the present invention, because thus the Meissner effect cannot set up magnetic field in superconductor inside, make to cause being difficult to because of the magnetic field suitable with former magnetic field of working medium inner foundation after being magnetized the problem that degaussing just cannot obtain more deep hypothermia as what occur in adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration, can improve, provide the approach obtaining the more low temperature of freezing than adiabatic demagnetization.
By reference to the accompanying drawings, according to hereafter illustrate that the description of purport of the present invention can know other aspects and advantages of the present invention by example.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By reference to the accompanying drawings, by hereafter describing in detail, above-mentioned and other feature and advantage of the present invention more clearly can be understood, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart according to the hot super low temperature refrigeration method of the superconducting magnetic of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the block diagram according to the hot ultra-low temperature refrigerating device of the superconducting magnetic of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 and 4 respectively illustrates the different conditions according to the hot ultra-low temperature refrigerating device of the superconducting magnetic of the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
See the accompanying drawing of the embodiment of the present invention, hereafter in more detail the present invention will be described.But the present invention can realize in many different forms, and should not be construed as by the restriction in the embodiment of this proposition.On the contrary, it is abundant and complete open in order to reach for proposing these embodiments, and makes those skilled in the art understand scope of the present invention completely.In these accompanying drawings, for clarity sake, may carry out amplifying or distortion to the size in layer and region and relative size.
Should be understood that the part of description of the invention/be illustrated as individual unit can be present in the entity that two or more physically independent but cooperation realizes the function of described/diagram.In addition, describe/be illustrated as two or more physically independently part accessible site enter an independent physically entity to carry out described/illustrated function.
Description describes in detail according to the hot super low temperature refrigeration method of embodiment of the present invention superconducting magnetic.
Cryomagnetic general principle is the magnetothermal effect by magnetic material, outwardly releases heat during isothermal magnetization, temperature (cooling) during adiabatic demagnetization, and from extraneous draw heat.Thus, repeatedly isothermal magnetization is carried out to magnetic material and adiabatic demagnetization just can obtain low temperature, realize magnetic cooling.
As shown in Figure 1, according to the hot super low temperature refrigeration method of a kind of superconducting magnetic of the embodiment of the present invention, in step S101, isothermal degaussing is carried out to superconductor, absorb heat to make described superconductor thus reduce system temperature.System alleged by the present invention is the object needing to reach ultralow temperature.
Describedly adiabatic magnetization is carried out to superconductor comprise, make external magnetic field intensity meet and exceed superconducting magnetic critical level, to make described superconductor move to quench state, thus absorb heat with low system temperature.
In step s 103, isothermal degaussing is carried out to described superconductor, to make described superconductor, self heat is released into working medium.
Described isothermal degaussing comprises, and makes described superconductor external magnetic field intensity reduce to zero thus enters most degree of depth superconductor state.
In preferred embodiment, described method also comprises repetition above-mentioned steps, until described system reaches required low temperature.
In the present embodiment, described working medium is helium.
Under isothermal, because the free energy of superconductor is lower than normal state, and superconductor entropy SS< normal state entropy SN, and under ultralow temperature, all level off to zero (third law of thermodynamics).Thus, so the Δ G<0 when normal state becomes superconductor can be solved by Gibbs-Helmholtz equation Δ G=Δ H-T Δ S, and-T Δ S>0 and close to 0, so Δ H will be slightly less than substantially equal Δ G, namely Δ H<0 namely this process be an exothermic process, and this process is carried out conversely degaussing and enters superconductor state, so have Δ H>0, system is absorbed heat, thus obtains low temperature.
Fig. 2 ~ 4 show according to the hot ultra-low temperature refrigerating device of a kind of superconducting magnetic of the present invention,
As shown in Figure 2, shown device comprises adiabatic magnetization module and isothermal degaussing module.
Adiabatic magnetization module carries out adiabatic magnetization to superconductor, absorbs heat thus reduce system temperature to make described superconductor.Described isothermal degaussing module makes external magnetic field intensity meet and exceed superconducting magnetic critical level, to make described superconductor move to quench state, thus absorbs heat with low system temperature.
Isothermal degaussing module carries out isothermal degaussing to described superconductor, to make described superconductor, self heat is released into working medium.Described isothermal degaussing module makes described superconductor external magnetic field intensity reduce to zero thus enters most degree of depth superconductor state.
In the present embodiment, described adiabatic magnetization module and described isothermal degaussing module are formed by same circuit, and provide the break-make of described circuit in the described adiabatic magnetization module of switching and described isothermal degaussing module.
As shown in Figures 3 and 4, described device comprises superconductor, and it is full of magnet exciting coil.The surrounding of described superconductor is provided with working medium generating unit, and described working medium generating unit and described superconductor are spaced a distance, thus leave space around described superconductor.
Be provided with opening in one end of described working medium generating unit, and described opening is communicated with air exhauster by valve.By coordinating of described working medium source and described air exhauster and valve, the space between described superconductor and described working medium source can be made to be filled with working medium, or to remain vacuum.In the present embodiment, described working medium generating unit is three-back-shaped container.But the present invention is not limited thereto, described working medium generating unit can be any suitable shape, as long as it can around described superconductor and the material that can store for generating working medium.
Described working medium generating unit is communicated to working medium source, and thus, the material being used for generating working medium is sent to described working medium generating unit by working medium source.In the present embodiment, described working medium source is that Dewar bottle is controllably to described working medium generating unit conveying liquid helium.
The hot ultra-low temperature refrigerating device of described superconducting magnetic also comprises control device, and it is for switching described adiabatic magnetization module and described isothermal degaussing module.
In the present embodiment, described control device is contactor.When adiabatic magnetization, described contactor closes, valve open, and external magnetic field intensity meets and exceeds superconducting magnetic critical level, now reduces system temperature because magnetization superconductor moves thus absorption self heat to quench state.Meanwhile, helium extraction formation vacuum is centered around around superconductor by extraneous pump machine.When isothermal degaussing, extraneous pump machine stops extracting helium, low pressure helium gas back, valve closing again, described external circuit disconnects, by low pressure helium the superconductor external magnetic field intensity of surrounding reduce to zero and enter most degree of depth superconductor state, thus discharge self heat to helium.
When described contactor closes, described device is the example of adiabatic magnetization module; When described external circuit disconnects, described device is the example of isothermal degaussing module.
In the present invention, because thus the Meissner effect cannot set up magnetic field in superconductor inside, make to cause being difficult to because of the magnetic field suitable with former magnetic field of working medium inner foundation after being magnetized the problem that degaussing just cannot obtain more deep hypothermia as what occur in adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration, can improve, provide the approach obtaining the more low temperature of freezing than adiabatic demagnetization.
Because those skilled in the art should be understood that the present invention can not depart from the spirit or scope of the present invention with many other concrete forms realizations.Although already describe embodiments of the invention, the present invention should be understood and should not be restricted to these embodiments, within the spirit and scope of the invention that those skilled in the art can define as appended claims, make change and amendment.
Claims (10)
1. the hot super low temperature refrigeration method of superconducting magnetic, is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) adiabatic magnetization is carried out to superconductor, absorb heat to make described superconductor thus reduce system temperature;
(2) isothermal degaussing is carried out to described superconductor, to make described superconductor, self heat is released into working medium.
2. the refrigerating method according to right 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), describedly adiabatic magnetization is carried out to superconductor comprise, external magnetic field intensity is made to meet and exceed superconducting magnetic critical level, to make described superconductor move to quench state, thus absorb heat to reduce system temperature.
3. the refrigerating method according to right 1, is characterized in that, in step (2), described isothermal degaussing comprises, and makes described superconductor external magnetic field intensity reduce to zero thus enters most degree of depth superconductor state, thus self heat being discharged to working medium.
4. the refrigerating method according to right 1, is characterized in that, described method also comprises:
(3) step (1) and (2) is repeated, until described system reaches required low temperature.
5. according to refrigerating method in any one of the preceding claims wherein, it is characterized in that, described working medium is helium.
6. the hot ultra-low temperature refrigerating device of superconducting magnetic, is characterized in that, comprising:
--adiabatic magnetization module, adiabatic magnetization is carried out to superconductor, absorbs heat to make described superconductor thus reduce system temperature; And
--isothermal degaussing module, isothermal degaussing is carried out to described superconductor, to make described superconductor, self heat is released into working medium.
7. the refrigerating plant according to right 6, is characterized in that, described adiabatic magnetization module makes external magnetic field intensity meet and exceed superconducting magnetic critical level, to make described superconductor move to quench state, thus absorbs heat with low system temperature.
8. the refrigerating plant according to right 6, is characterized in that, described isothermal degaussing module makes described superconductor external magnetic field intensity reduce to zero thus enters most degree of depth superconductor state.
9. the refrigerating plant according to right 6, is characterized in that, described adiabatic magnetization module and described isothermal degaussing module are formed by same circuit, and provides the break-make of described circuit in the described isothermal degaussing module of switching and described adiabatic magnetization module.
10. the refrigerating method according to any one of claim 6 ~ 9, is characterized in that, described working medium is helium.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410664752.8A CN104457016A (en) | 2014-11-19 | 2014-11-19 | Superconducting magnetic heat ultralow-temperature refrigeration method and device thereof |
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| CN201410664752.8A CN104457016A (en) | 2014-11-19 | 2014-11-19 | Superconducting magnetic heat ultralow-temperature refrigeration method and device thereof |
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| CN104457016A true CN104457016A (en) | 2015-03-25 |
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| CN201410664752.8A Pending CN104457016A (en) | 2014-11-19 | 2014-11-19 | Superconducting magnetic heat ultralow-temperature refrigeration method and device thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114909818A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-08-16 | 南方科技大学 | Tin separating and combining device for nuclear heat insulation demagnetization refrigeration system |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114909818A (en) * | 2022-07-18 | 2022-08-16 | 南方科技大学 | Tin separating and combining device for nuclear heat insulation demagnetization refrigeration system |
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