CN104455224A - Coal cutter infinitely-variable-speed cutting transmission system based on rotation speed coupling - Google Patents
Coal cutter infinitely-variable-speed cutting transmission system based on rotation speed coupling Download PDFInfo
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- CN104455224A CN104455224A CN201410653104.2A CN201410653104A CN104455224A CN 104455224 A CN104455224 A CN 104455224A CN 201410653104 A CN201410653104 A CN 201410653104A CN 104455224 A CN104455224 A CN 104455224A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H1/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H1/28—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with gears having orbital motion
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Abstract
The invention discloses a coal cutter infinitely-variable-speed cutting transmission system based on rotation speed coupling. The system comprises a cutting motor, a variable-speed motor, a differential planetary gear train, a cutting part planetary reducer and a cutting drum. The differential planetary gear train is mainly composed of a planetary carrier, a gear ring, a sun gear and a planetary gear, and gears are arranged on the inner ring and the outer ring of the gear ring receptively. The cutting motor is meshed with the outer ring of the gear ring on the differential planetary gear train through a gear pair for transmission. The variable-speed motor is connected with the sun gear on the differential planetary gear train in a transmission mode through a motor reducer. The differential planetary gear train is connected with the cutting part planetary reducer in a transmission mode through a gear pair. By additionally arranging the differential planetary gear train and a motor speed regulation system, the cutting rotating speed of the drum can be regulated in a stepless mode within a certain range. Compared with a traditional transmission system, the system has the advantages of being small in size change and cost increase, wide in application range and low in installation space requirement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coal mining apparatus field, be specifically related to a kind of coal winning machine stepless speed regulation cut transmission system based on rotating speed coupling.
Background technique
Coal is the main body energy of China, the whole nation altogether extraction coal 36.6 hundred million tons in 2012, and the mine that mining depth is greater than 500 meters accounts for 40%, and the mining depth of existing dozens of mine exceedes km at present.The geological disaster incidence rates such as collapse in gas explosion and the rock stratum of deep fractures, gushing water are high, contingency strong, threaten greatly, make injures and deaths Frequent Accidents in mining process to digging miner life safety.For adapting to the demand of the dangerous unmanned exploitation in coal seam in deep, in the urgent need to unmanned digging equipment and the technology in the dangerous coal seam, deep that operating mode adaptive ability is good.
Traditional coal winning machine is all that the cutting drum by changing a secondary tower formula gear pair and different-diameter changes cut rotating speed and cut linear velocity, to adapt to corresponding geological condition.And deep fractures geological condition is more complicated and changeable, and not easily predict.Change cluster gear pair at underground coal mine not only difficult, but also easily make transmission system be subject to the pollution of dust, increase the rate of fault of complete machine, affect manufacturing efficiency.
Tradition coal winning machine is once transmission system parameter is determined, during normal work, cut rotating speed cannot regulate again.Like this, just effectively can not play the Cutting Performance of coal winning machine, be difficult to effectively control coal mining efficiency, lump coal rate and specific energy of cutting; And the ability of reply sudden change load is also more weak.Make the adaptability for working condition of traditional coal winning machine poor.
Existing correlative study shows, there is certain matching relationship between the rotating speed of cutting drum and the hauling speed of coal winning machine, can realize the optimal control of coal mining efficiency, lump coal rate, this three large coal mining index of specific energy of cutting; Meanwhile, becoming cut rotating speed can better tackle sudden change load behavior, improves the ability that cut transmission system answers impact loading, reduces impulsive load to the impact of cut transmission system, thus improves the reliability of cut transmission system.
The trend that modern coal winning machine has intellectuality, automation, cutting power to increase, but the cut rotating speed of all coal winning machine all fails to realize regulating in coal work process only.If directly carry out frequency control of motor speed to high-power cutting motor, on the one hand, big-power transducer fancy price is difficult to bear; And on the other hand, the installing space needed for powerful frequency variator is also huge, and can coal winning machine provide or allow enough large installing space to be also a difficult problem.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide and a kind ofly can carry out rotational speed regulation to cutting drum, can further improve cutting power, the coal winning machine stepless speed regulation cut transmission system be coupled based on rotating speed that impact load affect cut transmission system can also be relaxed simultaneously.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technological scheme: a kind of coal winning machine stepless speed regulation cut transmission system based on rotating speed coupling, comprises cutting motor, speed-adjustable motor, differential planetary gear train, cutting portion planetary reducer and cutting drum; Described differential planetary gear train, primarily of planet carrier, gear ring, sun gear and planet wheel composition, the inside and outside circle of described gear ring is equipped with gear; The gear ring outer ring engagement driving that described cutting motor is fastened by gear pair and differential planetary gear train, the sun gear that described speed-adjustable motor is fastened by motor reducer and differential planetary gear train is in transmission connection, and is in transmission connection between described differential planetary gear train and cutting portion planetary reducer by gear pair.
Further, also comprise hydraulic brake, described hydraulic brake is connected with the input shaft of motor reducer respectively by coupling with the output shaft of speed-adjustable motor.
Further, described motor reducer is that a pair pitch wheel is secondary.
Further, the pto=power take-off of described cutting motor is elastic torque axis.
Further, described speed-adjustable motor is phase asynchronous AC motor or direct current generator or oil hydraulic motor.
Further, also comprise frequency variator and controller, described frequency variator and controller are connected with cutting motor and speed-adjustable motor respectively.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) the application directly improves in traditional coal winning machine transmission system, by increasing one-level differential planetary gear train and motor speed regulation system, achieves cylinder cut rotating speed step-less adjustment within the specific limits;
(2) the adding of motor speed regulation system (comprising speed-adjustable motor, motor reducer), the peak value cutting power of coal winning machine is not only improve when speedup, also relax the adverse effect of impact load to cut transmission system further, made coal winning machine can better adapt to the mining work in complicated geological coal seam;
(3) by the adjustment to cutting drum rotating speed, better can control the coal mining efficiency of coal winning machine, lump coal rate and specific energy of cutting, and tackle operating mode complicated and changeable;
(4) under different operating mode, speed-adjustable motor can be used as generator and uses, and the electric energy of generation can be fed back to electrical network, can save the energy, improves the utilization ratio of the energy;
(5) compared with traditional transmission system, it is little that this stepless time adjustment cut transmission system has dimensional changes, and cost increases little, applied widely, the advantage not high to requirements of installation space.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make object of the present invention, technological scheme and beneficial effect clearly, the invention provides following accompanying drawing and being described:
Fig. 1 is structure principle chart of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure principle chart of differential planetary gear train;
Fig. 3 is structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, the coal winning machine stepless speed regulation cut transmission system based on rotating speed coupling of the present embodiment, comprises cutting motor M1, speed-adjustable motor M2, differential planetary gear train P1, cutting portion planetary reducer P2 and cutting drum; Described differential planetary gear train P1 forms primarily of planet carrier X1, gear ring, sun gear A1 and planet wheel C1, and on the inside and outside circle of described gear ring, correspondence is provided with internal tooth B1 and external tooth Z5; Described cutting motor M1 is by the gear ring external tooth Z5 engagement driving on gear pair and differential planetary gear train P1, described speed-adjustable motor M2 is in transmission connection by the sun gear A1 on motor reducer and differential planetary gear train P1, be in transmission connection by gear pair between described differential planetary gear train P1 and cutting portion planetary reducer P2, the output shaft of cutting portion planetary reducer P2 is connected with cutting drum.
Concrete, total three-stage gear reduction transmission system in the stepless speed regulation cut transmission system in the present embodiment, gear Z1 ~ Z3 forms first order gearing down: the power of cutting motor M1 is exported by gear Z1, is passed to gear Z3 through idle pulley Z2; Gear Z4 ~ Z5 forms second level gearing down: Z3 and Z4 is coaxially arranged, and Z4 is with the external tooth Z5 engagement driving of gear ring; The degrees of freedom of differential planetary gear train P1 is 2, and power inputs by gear ring, sun gear A1, exports on gear Z6 after rotating speed coupling by planet carrier X1; Gear Z6 ~ Z9 forms third level gearing down: its middle gear Z7 and Z8 is idle pulley, and power is passed to after cutting portion planetary reducer P2 through gear Z9 and drives cutting drum work again.Certainly, the power of differential planetary gear train P1 also can only be inputted by cutting motor M1, and sun gear A1 and planet carrier X1 exports, and speed-adjustable motor M2 is now load, can be used as generator and uses.
As the further improvement of such scheme, be also provided with hydraulic brake HB in the present embodiment, described hydraulic brake HB is connected with the input shaft of motor reducer respectively by coupling with the output shaft of speed-adjustable motor M2; When hydraulic brake HB brakes speed-adjustable motor M2, sun gear A1 is braked, now the outputting power of cutting motor M1 is directly passed to cutting drum after three-stage gear reduction transmission system Z1 ~ Z9, differential planetary gear train P1 and cutting portion planetary reducer P2, and cut rotating speed is non-adjustable.Wherein, the motor reducer in the present embodiment is a pair pitch wheel pair (Z11, Z10), and certainly, motor reducer herein can be single reduction gear, also can be multi-stage speed reducer.
As the further improvement of such scheme, in the present embodiment, the pto=power take-off of cutting motor M1 is elastic torque axis, can play overload protective function to cutting motor M1 and cut transmission system.
As the further improvement of such scheme, also comprise frequency variator and controller in the present embodiment, described frequency variator and controller are connected with cutting motor M1 and speed-adjustable motor M2 respectively.Wherein, speed-adjustable motor M2 is phase asynchronous AC motor or direct current generator or oil hydraulic motor.
Concrete, when speed-adjustable motor M2 is phase asynchronous AC motor, under the effect of controller, adjusted by the power supply frequency of frequency variator to speed-adjustable motor M2, to change the rotating speed of speed-adjustable motor M2, carry out the control of rotating speed coupling simultaneously.
During speed-adjustable motor M2 employing direct current generator, rectifier, speed-regulating controller, battery pack etc. can be coordinated, realize speed controlling function.
When speed-adjustable motor M2 adopts oil hydraulic motor to replace, selector valve, accumulator, pressure transducer etc. can be coordinated to realize speed-regulating function simultaneously; In addition, adopt oil hydraulic motor speed governing, be easier to the overload protection realizing cut transmission system.
Working procedure and the principle of stepless speed regulation cut transmission system of the present invention are as follows:
When Coal Quality condition is better, hydraulic brake HB Speed Braking motor M 2, be namely equivalent to the sun gear A1 braked in differential planetary gear train P1, now cut rotating speed is non-adjustable, and cutting drum is with certain cut rotary speed working; The outputting power of cutting motor M1 is passed to cutting drum after three-stage gear reduction transmission system Z1 ~ Z9, differential planetary gear train P1 and cutting portion planetary reducer P2.
When Coal Quality condition becomes severe, hydraulic brake HB is Speed Braking motor M 2 not, and namely the sun gear A1 of differential planetary gear train P1 is rotatable, and now cut rotating speed is adjustable.
The rotation speed relation formula of differential planetary gear train P1 tri-basic building blocks:
Wherein: n
xfor planet carrier rotating speed, n
afor sun gear rotating speed, n
bfor gear ring rotating speed.
From rotation speed relation formula (1), as long as change the rotating speed of internal tooth B1 and/or the rotating speed of sun gear A1, the output speed of planet carrier X1 can be changed, reach and change cut rotating speed object.
Differential planetary gear train P1, to realize rotating speed coupling, also must meet the torque relation of three basic building blocks:
Wherein: T
xfor planet carrier torque, T
afor sun gear torque, T
bfor gear ring torque.
From torque relation (2), the torque T of ring gear B1
bsun gear A1 torque T
a(1+K) doubly.
To sum up can obtain, when driving mechanism velocity ratio is limited, adopt sun gear A1 speed governing, not only can reduce the coupling torque needed for rotating speed coupling, also can avoid speed-adjustable motor M2 unstable speed under the low speed.
In cut transmission system, cutting motor M1 provides power by external tooth Z5 to gear ring, and speed-adjustable motor M2 provides power to sun gear A1.When sun gear A1 turns to identical with internal tooth B1, planet carrier X1 output speed is both sums, and this system can realize the step-up drive of cutting drum; When sun gear A1 turns to contrary with internal tooth B1, planet carrier X1 output speed is both difference, and this system can realize the gearing down of cutting drum.
In addition, when coal winning machine does not carry out cut work or coal winning machine is started shooting but only needs to carry out position adjustment, now speed-adjustable motor is as load, a part of power of cut transmission system can by differential planetary gear train P1 and motor reducer (Z10, Z11) back transfer to speed-adjustable motor M2 place, and speed-adjustable motor M2 just works in Generator Status and feedback grid.
What finally illustrate is, above preferred embodiment is only in order to illustrate technological scheme of the present invention and unrestricted, although by above preferred embodiment to invention has been detailed description, but those skilled in the art are to be understood that, various change can be made to it in the form and details, and not depart from claims of the present invention limited range.
Claims (6)
1., based on a coal winning machine stepless speed regulation cut transmission system for rotating speed coupling, it is characterized in that: comprise cutting motor, speed-adjustable motor, differential planetary gear train, cutting portion planetary reducer and cutting drum; Described differential planetary gear train, primarily of planet carrier, gear ring, sun gear and planet wheel composition, the inside and outside circle of described gear ring is equipped with gear; The gear ring outer ring engagement driving that described cutting motor is fastened by gear pair and differential planetary gear train, the sun gear that described speed-adjustable motor is fastened by motor reducer and differential planetary gear train is in transmission connection, and is in transmission connection between described differential planetary gear train and cutting portion planetary reducer by gear pair.
2. the coal winning machine stepless speed regulation cut transmission system based on rotating speed coupling according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise hydraulic brake, described hydraulic brake is connected with the input shaft of motor reducer respectively by coupling with the output shaft of speed-adjustable motor.
3. the coal winning machine stepless speed regulation cut transmission system based on rotating speed coupling according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described motor reducer is that a pair pitch wheel is secondary.
4. the coal winning machine stepless speed regulation cut transmission system based on rotating speed coupling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the pto=power take-off of described cutting motor is elastic torque axis.
5. the coal winning machine stepless speed regulation cut transmission system based on rotating speed coupling according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described speed-adjustable motor is phase asynchronous AC motor or direct current generator or oil hydraulic motor.
6. the coal winning machine stepless speed regulation cut transmission system based on rotating speed coupling according to any one of claim 1-7, it is characterized in that: also comprise frequency variator and controller, described frequency variator and controller are connected with cutting motor and speed-adjustable motor respectively.
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105863632A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-08-17 | 株洲中车时代装备技术有限公司 | Method and system for controlling automatic gear shifting of boom-type roadheader cutting frequency converter |
CN106351656A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-01-25 | 南京六合佳源矿山设备有限公司 | Cutting part of stepless speed changing coal cutter based on hydraulic closed transmission system |
CN109296715A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-02-01 | 怀化沃普环保科技有限公司 | Planetary gear multi-way electronic speed regulation mechanism |
CN109450167A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-03-08 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0三研究所 | A kind of mechatronics integration speed-regulating system and its soft-start method |
CN109488294A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-03-19 | 天地科技股份有限公司上海分公司 | Mars Miner cutting mechanism with big slewing range |
CN112112645A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-22 | 哈尔滨博业科技开发有限责任公司 | Ultra-thin coal seam strides connecting shaft type and combines to adopt supporting cutting part |
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CN103982181A (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2014-08-13 | 重庆大学 | High-reliability electromechanical-hydraulic short-range cutting transmission system of coal mining machine and control method |
CN203822305U (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-09-10 | 三一重型装备有限公司 | Coal cutter as well as coal cutter cutting unit and drive system thereof |
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Cited By (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105863632A (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2016-08-17 | 株洲中车时代装备技术有限公司 | Method and system for controlling automatic gear shifting of boom-type roadheader cutting frequency converter |
CN105863632B (en) * | 2016-06-14 | 2018-02-02 | 株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司 | A kind of control method and system of the frequency converter fluid drive of boom-type roadheader cut |
CN106351656A (en) * | 2016-10-21 | 2017-01-25 | 南京六合佳源矿山设备有限公司 | Cutting part of stepless speed changing coal cutter based on hydraulic closed transmission system |
CN109296715A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2019-02-01 | 怀化沃普环保科技有限公司 | Planetary gear multi-way electronic speed regulation mechanism |
CN109296715B (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2022-07-26 | 晟盟(芦台)电机制造有限公司 | Multi-path electronic speed regulating mechanism for planetary gear |
CN109488294A (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2019-03-19 | 天地科技股份有限公司上海分公司 | Mars Miner cutting mechanism with big slewing range |
CN109488294B (en) * | 2019-01-04 | 2024-01-26 | 天地科技股份有限公司上海分公司 | Mining machine cutting mechanism with large speed change range |
CN109450167A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-03-08 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0三研究所 | A kind of mechatronics integration speed-regulating system and its soft-start method |
CN112112645A (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2020-12-22 | 哈尔滨博业科技开发有限责任公司 | Ultra-thin coal seam strides connecting shaft type and combines to adopt supporting cutting part |
CN112112645B (en) * | 2020-09-17 | 2022-06-24 | 哈尔滨博业科技开发有限责任公司 | Ultra-thin coal seam strides connecting shaft type and combines to adopt supporting cutting part |
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