CN104454290B - Elongating arc plasma jet ignition device - Google Patents

Elongating arc plasma jet ignition device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104454290B
CN104454290B CN201410568885.5A CN201410568885A CN104454290B CN 104454290 B CN104454290 B CN 104454290B CN 201410568885 A CN201410568885 A CN 201410568885A CN 104454290 B CN104454290 B CN 104454290B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
insulation sleeve
installation base
housing
negative electrode
cyclone
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN201410568885.5A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN104454290A (en
Inventor
何立明
赵兵兵
陈高成
金涛
张华磊
祁文涛
刘兴建
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Air Force Engineering University of PLA
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Air Force Engineering University of PLA
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Priority to CN201410568885.5A priority Critical patent/CN104454290B/en
Publication of CN104454290A publication Critical patent/CN104454290A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN104454290B publication Critical patent/CN104454290B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02PIGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P23/00Other ignition
    • F02P23/04Other physical ignition means, e.g. using laser rays

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma Technology (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is an elongating arc plasma jet ignition device. A swirler is fixed to the bottom of an inner cavity of a shell; a positive pole is located in the shell and fixedly connected with the swirler; the lower end of an insulation sleeve is installed in a central hole of the swirler, and an air chamber is formed in the gap between the outer peripheral surface of the middle of the insulation sleeve and the inner surface of the shell. A negative pole is embedded on a negative pole installation base, and the arc end of the negative pole extends out of the lower end of the insulation sleeve to be located in the positive pole. An arcing distance 2-8 mm long is kept between the arc end of the negative pole and a nozzle of the positive pole; an air inlet pipe is located at the upper end of the shell and communicated with the space of the air chamber formed between the insulation sleeve and the shell. The taper angle beta of the arc end of the negative pole is 40 degrees. The taper angle alpha of a contraction section of the positive pole is 60-90 degrees. Eight swirling holes with the spiral angle of 45 degrees are evenly distributed in an end surface of the swirler, and work media passing through the swirler generate swirling flow. The elongating arc plasma jet ignition device has the advantages of being high in flame spreading speed, high in penetrating power and rich in active air plasma.

Description

A kind of elongating arc plasma jet lighter
Technical field
The present invention relates to plasma igniting and the combustion intensification technology of field of energy source power, specifically a kind of elongating arc Plasma jet lighter.
Background technology
Along with the fast development of field of energy source power, mal-condition down-firing is proposed higher with combustion intensification technology Requirement.It is low to there is ignition energy in the igniter in current China combustor, and ignition arc can not be elongated, and is difficult to meet modern energy Electromotor requirement to reliable ignition Yu combustion intensification technology under the mal-condition of wide Parameters variation in driving source field.
Start to cause the plasma jet firing technique of various countries' expert's extensive concern to have igniting at 20 century 70s The features such as energy is big, and tongues of fire penetration power is strong, it is possible to increase electromotor is motor-driven at height, the igniting reliability under mal-condition, expands Ignition range.In recent years, countries in the world all start to strengthen the research of plasma jet initiation technology, make plasma ignition A lot of key technologies achieve bigger development.1992, GE company of the U.S. with electromotor main chamber or after-burner was The application application patent of plasma igniting system.Chinese University of Science and Technologys in 2009 and Wan Neng group cooperative research and development " electricity Stand boiler plasma coal dust ignition system ", there is the igniting thermal efficiency high, the features such as adaptation condition scope is wide.But above-mentioned grade from Daughter lighter all have volume and weight compared with big, structure complicated, electrode temperature high, the life-span is short, ignition energy is low, and work The features such as ambient pressure is low.Air force engineering university proposed a kind of aero-engine air rotational flow for These characteristics in 2013 Plasma igniter, number of patent application is CN201310084697, and this lighter achieves that volume and weight is little, structure is simple The features such as single, operation and maintenance is convenient, but lighter electric arc arc root is not elongated to the outside wall surface of anode passages, can make electrode Become serious ablation, reduce the functional reliability of lighter.
Therefore a kind of elongation electricity being suitable to use and meet functional reliability in the adverse circumstances of wide Parameters variation is developed Arc plasma jet initiation utensil has important using value.
Summary of the invention
Electrode can be caused serious ablation present in prior art for overcoming, reduce the functional reliability of lighter not Foot, the present invention proposes a kind of elongating arc plasma jet lighter.
The present invention includes housing, cathode installation base, negative electrode, anode, cyclone, insulation sleeve and air inlet pipe;Wherein, cyclone It is fixed on bottom housing cavity, and makes the upper surface of this cyclone connect with the raised head face of cathode installation base lower end external peripheral surface Touch;Described anode is positioned at housing and is connected with described cyclone;Described insulation sleeve lower end loads in the centre bore of cyclone, absolutely The outer round surface of edge set upper side and the inner surface interference engagement of housing upper end, and the positioning table of insulation sleeve upper end outer round surface End face coordinates with the positioning table of shell inner surface, it is achieved the location to insulation sleeve;External peripheral surface in the middle part of described insulation sleeve with Gap between the inner surface of housing defines air chamber.Described cathode installation base is positioned at insulation sleeve, this cathode installation base one end Positioning boss coordinate with the cathode installation base locating surface of insulation sleeve upper end inner surface, it is achieved axially fixed to this cathode installation base Position;Cathode installation base has positioning boss one end to be connected with coaxial cable.Negative electrode is inlaid in described cathode installation base lower end surface In the tapped blind hole of the heart, and the lower surface making the arc end of negative electrode stretch out insulation sleeve is positioned at anode;Drawing of described negative electrode Arc end keeps 2~8mm arcing distances with anode spout;Air inlet pipe is positioned at the upper end of described housing, and by insulation sleeve housing between The plenum space formed is through.
There is the installing hole of negative electrode at the center of described cathode installation base one end end face.
The installing hole of an air inlet pipe is had in the middle and upper part of described housing;One end of air inlet pipe and case weld, pass through Installing hole connects with housing air chamber, and the other end is connected with electromotor feeder, the folder between the axis of air inlet pipe and housing axis γ=30, angle.
The locating surface that the axial positioning boss with shell inner surface coordinates is had in the upper end of described insulation sleeve;At insulation sleeve There is the axial positioning boss that the upper surface with cyclone coordinates lower end.Inner surface in this insulation sleeve upper end defines negative electrode and installs The positioning boss of seat.In the upper end of described insulation sleeve and housing upper end interference engagement, insulation sleeve center outer surface and housing central section Air chamber is formed between surface;The aperture of insulation sleeve endoporus and the external diameter of cathode installation base are interference engagement, simultaneously in coaxial cable Cathode terminal is arranged on this insulation sleeve endoporus upper end.
The external diameter of described cathode installation base is identical with the little internal diameter of insulation sleeve.The circumference table of described cathode installation base upper end There is the positioning boss of radially protruding in face, and the positioning boss that the lower surface of this positioning boss defines with insulation sleeve upper end inner surface is joined The locating surface closed.There is the installing hole of negative electrode at the center of described cathode installation base lower end surface.
Described negative electrode is shaft-like, and its external diameter is 2~3mm.One end of this negative electrode is external screw thread, for by this negative electrode and the moon Pole mounting seat connects.The other end of this negative electrode is arc end, and the end of this arc end is cone, and the cone angle beta of this cone is 40 °
The middle part of described anode inner surface is the conical surface, and the cone angle of this conical surface is 60~90 °, defines the contraction section of anode; At the minimum diameter of contraction section and spout connection.Described spout is formed by the endoporus being positioned at anode bottom;The shape of spout can Be aperture be 2~6mm isometrical holes, it is also possible to be cone angleIt it is the cone expansion hole of 20~50 °.
Uniform 8 apertures of end face of described this cyclone of cyclone are the whirl hole of 3mm, make to be situated between by the work of cyclone Matter produces eddy flow.The perforate side of described whirl hole and cyclone the most in the same direction, the helical angle of whirl hole is 45 °.
The present invention is that one has flame propagation velocity greatly, and penetration power is strong, rich in the elongation electricity of active air plasma Arc plasma jet initiation device.Compared with prior art, the present invention has the effect that and advantage:
1, the housing of the present invention is connected with the two poles of the earth of power supply by coaxial cable respectively with cathode installation base, and working media exists The breakdown generation in gap electric arc between striking section and the anode of negative electrode, high-temperature electric arc makes the working media flowing through gap heat also Ionization, sprays the high-temperature plasma tongues of fire at anode export.
2, the negative electrode head of the present invention is taper, and the other end uses and is threadably secured in cathode installation base, conveniently adjusted Discharging gap between negative electrode and anode, voltage when changing the breakdown voltage of plasma jet lighter and work and electricity Stream, controls arc stiffness and the ionization degree of working media, thus the high-temperature plasma tongues of fire characteristic of point of adjustment firearm ejection is joined Number (speed, length and temperature etc.).
3, the cyclone material of the present invention is high temperature resistant and the aluminium oxide ceramics of good insulation preformance, and working media flows through eddy flow Produce eddy flow during the eddy flow groove of device and be centrally formed low-pressure area at whirlpool, making arc column and cathode protection be stably maintained at very much axle Line position, can improve the stability during work of plasma jet lighter.
4, present invention employs the method for designing of " elongating arc ", i.e. by appropriate design lighter inner chamber and the knot of anode Structure so that electric arc arc root does not contacts with the internal face of anode passages, but through anode spout, directly contact with anode outer surface (as shown in Figure 10).After arc length is elongated, arc voltage raises, in the case of driving output power of power supply certain, and electricity Arc current reduces, and decreases the ablation to electrode.Meanwhile, under the cyclonic action of working media air-flow, electric arc arc root is at anode Surface not stall is moved, it is possible to reduce the ablating rate of electrode local.
5, the present invention is fully according to the size design of the electric spark igniter of available engine combustor, it is not necessary to change combustion The geometry and the dynamic characteristic that burn room can be installed, and versatility is good, and degree of replacing is high, and can utilize outer culvert air-flow pair This arc plasma jet lighter cools down, and extends the service life of lighter.
6, present configuration is compact, volume is little, lightweight, ignition energy big, flame propagation speed, penetration power are strong, make Use the life-span long, and a large amount of active air plasma can be produced, for improving electromotor igniting under poor working conditions Performance has important using value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the appearance schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of housing.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of insulation sleeve.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of cathode installation base.
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of negative electrode.
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of anode.
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of cyclone.
Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram in cyclone forward spin flow hole.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of electric arc, wherein: 10a is the electric arc of prior art, and 10b is the electric arc of the present invention.
In figure:
1. housing;2. cathode installation base .3;Negative electrode;4. anode;5. cyclone;6. insulation sleeve;7. air inlet pipe;8. eddy flow Hole;10. electric arc.
Detailed description of the invention
The present embodiment is a kind of elongating arc plasma jet lighter, including housing 1, cathode installation base 2, negative electrode 3, Anode 4, cyclone 5, insulation sleeve 6 and air inlet pipe 7.Wherein, cyclone 5 is fixed on housing 1 intracavity bottom by external screw thread, and makes The upper surface of this cyclone contacts with the raised head face of cathode installation base 2 lower end external peripheral surface;By the screw thread of described anode even The section of connecing loads in described cyclone, makes threaded section of described anode to spin with the inner threaded surface of cyclone, thus by anode 4 It is fixed on the bottom of described housing 1.
Insulation sleeve 6 is positioned in housing, and the centre bore of the lower end loading cyclone of this insulation sleeve.Described insulation sleeve 6 The outer round surface of upper end and the inner surface interference engagement of housing 1 upper end, and the end of the positioning table of insulation sleeve upper end outer round surface Face coordinates with the positioning table of shell inner surface, it is achieved the location to insulation sleeve;External peripheral surface in the middle part of described insulation sleeve and shell Gap between the inner surface of body defines air chamber.Cathode installation base 2 is positioned at insulation sleeve;Determining of this cathode installation base 2 one end Position boss coordinates with the cathode installation base locating surface of insulation sleeve 6 upper end inner surface, it is achieved the axial location to this cathode installation base; Cathode installation base 2 has positioning boss one end to be connected with coaxial cable.There is the peace of negative electrode 3 at the center of cathode installation base 2 one end end face Dress hole.The male end of negative electrode 3 is inlaid in the tapped blind hole at described cathode installation base lower end surface center, and makes negative electrode 3 Arc end stretches out the lower surface of insulation sleeve 6 and is positioned at anode 4;The arc end of described negative electrode 3 and anode 4 spout keep 2~ 8mm arcing distance;
Insulation sleeve 6, cathode installation base 2, negative electrode 3, anode 4 and cyclone 5 are all coaxial with housing 1;Described.Air inlet pipe 7 In the upper end of described housing and through by the plenum space formed between insulation sleeve housing.
Described housing 1 is hollow and thin-walled revolving body.The outer surface of housing is cascaded surface, and the external diameter of this housing upper end is Little, for connecting coaxial cable.The inner surface of housing is also cascaded surface, the minimum diameter of this housing upper end and cathode installation base The minimum outer diameter of upper end is identical, and is defined the axial positioning boss of insulation sleeve 6 by the end face of cascaded surface;The internal diameter of housing lower end Maximum, and be flank, for jointed anode 4 and cyclone 5.Surface in the middle part of the inner surface of described housing central section and insulation sleeve Between form enough gaps.
The installing hole of an air inlet pipe 7 is had in the middle and upper part of housing 1;One end of air inlet pipe 7 and case weld, by peace Dress hole connects with housing 1 air chamber, and the other end is connected with electromotor feeder, the folder between the axis of air inlet pipe 7 and housing 1 axis γ=30, angle.
Described insulation sleeve 6 is also hollow and thin-walled revolving body.The outer surface of insulation sleeve 6 is cascaded surface, upper at insulation sleeve 6 End defines the locating surface that the axial positioning boss with housing 1 inner surface coordinates;Define and cyclone in the lower end of insulation sleeve 6 The axial positioning boss that the upper surface of 5 coordinates.The inner surface of insulation sleeve 6 is also cascaded surface, at the inner surface of this insulation sleeve 6 upper end Define the positioning boss of cathode installation base.The upper end of described insulation sleeve and housing 1 upper end interference engagement, in the middle part of insulation sleeve 6 outside Air chamber is formed between inner surface in the middle part of surface and housing 1;The aperture of insulation sleeve 6 endoporus and the external diameter of cathode installation base 2 are for interfering Coordinating, in coaxial cable, cathode terminal is arranged on this insulation sleeve 6 endoporus upper end simultaneously.
Described cathode installation base 2 is shaft-like revolving body, its external diameter with the little internal diameter of insulation sleeve 6 identical.Described negative electrode The circumferential surface of mounting seat upper end has the positioning boss of radially protruding, the lower surface of this positioning boss define with on insulation sleeve 6 The locating surface that the positioning boss of end inner surface coordinates.There is tapped blind hole at the center of described cathode installation base lower end surface for installing Negative electrode 3.Described cathode installation base 2 is coaxially installed on insulation sleeve 6 inner chamber, is fixed by the boss of insulation sleeve 6 inner chamber, and negative electrode is pacified The top of dress seat 2 contacts with the cathode terminal in coaxial cable, and the screwed hole of bottom is used for installing negative electrode 3.
Described negative electrode 3 is shaft-like, and its external diameter is 2~3mm.One end of this negative electrode is external screw thread, for by this negative electrode 3 with Cathode installation base connects.The other end of this negative electrode is arc end, and the end of this arc end is cone, and the cone angle beta of this cone is 40°
Described anode 4 is hollow revolving body, and the endoporus of this anode is through hole.The outer surface on described anode top be with The flank that shell inner surface coordinates, is defined the linkage section of this anode, is fixed with housing by anode by described linkage section Connect.The external diameter of described anode bottom is identical with the external diameter of housing.
The inner surface top of described anode is isometrical section, and this internal diameter of isometrical section is maximum, and axial length is with described anode even The axial length of the section of connecing is identical.The middle part of anode inner surface is the conical surface, and the cone angle of this conical surface is 60~90 °, defines anode Contraction section;At the minimum diameter of contraction section and spout connection.
Described spout is formed by the endoporus being positioned at anode bottom;The shape of spout can be aperture be 2~6mm isometrical Hole, it is also possible to be cone angleIt it is the cone expansion hole of 20~50 °.In the present embodiment, described spout be shaped as isometrical hole, aperture For 5mm.
Described cyclone 5 is also hollow revolving body.The outer round surface of this cyclone is the spiral shell coordinated with shell inner surface Stricture of vagina face, the internal diameter of this cyclone is identical with the external diameter of insulation sleeve 6.Uniform 8 apertures of end face of this cyclone 5 are the eddy flow of 3mm Hole 8, makes to produce eddy flow by the working media of cyclone 5.The perforate side of described whirl hole and cyclone 5 the most in the same direction, rotation The helical angle of discharge orifice is 45 °.

Claims (4)

1. an elongating arc plasma jet lighter, it is characterised in that include housing, cathode installation base, negative electrode, sun Pole, cyclone, insulation sleeve and air inlet pipe;Wherein, cyclone is fixed on bottom housing cavity, and make the upper surface of this cyclone with The raised head face contact of cathode installation base lower end external peripheral surface;Described anode is positioned at housing and is connected with described cyclone; Described insulation sleeve lower end loads in the centre bore of cyclone, and the inner surface of the outer round surface of insulation sleeve upper end and housing upper end is interfered Coordinate, and the end face of positioning table of insulation sleeve upper end outer round surface coordinates with the positioning table of shell inner surface, it is achieved to insulation The location of set;The gap between external peripheral surface and the inner surface of housing in the middle part of described insulation sleeve defines air chamber;Described the moon Pole mounting seat is positioned at insulation sleeve, the positioning boss of this cathode installation base one end and the cathode installation base of insulation sleeve upper end inner surface Locating surface coordinates, it is achieved the axial location to this cathode installation base;Cathode installation base has positioning boss one end with coaxial cable even Connect;Negative electrode is inlaid in the tapped blind hole at described cathode installation base lower end surface center, and makes the arc end of negative electrode stretch out insulation The lower surface of set is positioned at anode;The arc end of described negative electrode keeps 2~8mm arcing distances with anode spout;Air inlet pipe is positioned at The upper end of described housing, and through by the plenum space formed between insulation sleeve and housing;
The installing hole of an air inlet pipe is had in the middle and upper part of described housing;One end of air inlet pipe and case weld, by installing Hole connects with housing air chamber, and the other end is connected with electromotor feeder, the angle γ between the axis of air inlet pipe and housing axis =30;
Described negative electrode is shaft-like, and its external diameter is 2~3mm;One end of this negative electrode is external screw thread, for being pacified with negative electrode by this negative electrode Dress seat connects;The other end of this negative electrode is arc end, and the end of this arc end is cone, and the cone angle beta of this cone is 40 °;
The middle part of described anode inner surface is the conical surface, and the cone angle of this conical surface is 60~90 °, defines the contraction section of anode;
At the minimum diameter of contraction section and spout connection;Described spout is formed by the endoporus being positioned at anode bottom;The shape of spout Shape can be aperture be 2~6mm isometrical holes, it is also possible to be cone angleIt it is the cone expansion hole of 20~50 °;
Uniform 8 apertures of end face of described cyclone are the whirl hole of 3mm, make to produce eddy flow by the working media of cyclone; The perforate direction of described whirl hole and cyclone the most in the same direction, the helical angle of whirl hole is 45 °.
2. elongating arc plasma jet lighter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that cathode installation base one end end face Center have the installing hole of negative electrode.
3. elongating arc plasma jet lighter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the upper end of described insulation sleeve There is the locating surface that the axial positioning boss with shell inner surface coordinates;The upper surface with cyclone is had to coordinate in the lower end of insulation sleeve Axial positioning boss;Inner surface in this insulation sleeve upper end defines the positioning boss of cathode installation base;Described insulation sleeve Upper end and housing upper end interference engagement, form air chamber between insulation sleeve center outer surface and housing central section inner surface;In insulation sleeve The aperture in hole and the external diameter of cathode installation base are interference engagement, in coaxial cable, cathode terminal is arranged on this insulation sleeve simultaneously Upper end, hole.
4. elongating arc plasma jet lighter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described cathode installation base External diameter is identical with the internal diameter of insulation sleeve;The circumferential surface of described cathode installation base upper end has the positioning boss of radially protruding, and this is fixed The lower surface of position boss defines the locating surface that the positioning boss with insulation sleeve upper end inner surface coordinates;Under described cathode installation base There is the installing hole of negative electrode at the center of end end face.
CN201410568885.5A 2014-10-23 2014-10-23 Elongating arc plasma jet ignition device Expired - Fee Related CN104454290B (en)

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