Summary of the invention
For overcoming the shortcoming and defect of prior art, the invention discloses and the present invention relates to a kind of power system utilizing hydraulic pressure to realize isothermal expansion, the system of being specially comprises an isothermal expansion machine, flow container, a high pressure storage tank and a water pump; Liquid in flow container is heated by external heat source; Store high-pressure air and liquid in high pressure storage tank, when system works, high-pressure air enter isothermal expansion machine from high pressure storage tank, liquid pump work enters high pressure storage tank by the liquid absorbed in flow container, makes the pressure that high pressure storage tank remains constant; High-pressure air enters decompressor and drives decompressor acting, and meanwhile, the high-temp liquid from flow container enters expander cylinder with vaporific or foam-like, realizes Quasi-isothermal expansion process, thus improves the leaving momentum of unit working medium.
For realizing above-mentioned technical purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of isothermal expansion power system utilizing hydraulic pressure, comprise piston, cylinder, connecting rod, gas working medium storage tank, heat medium storage tank and heat exchanger, described piston is slidably mounted in cylinder, described connecting rod comprises connecting rod and crank, described connecting rod one end is connected with piston, and the other end is connected with crank, it is characterized in that:
--described cylinder head is equipped with suction valve and annular ejector, described suction valve is communicated with pressurized gas working medium storage tank, described annular ejector is communicated with heat medium storage tank, in order to be atomized by the heat medium after heating or to form foam and inject in cylinder with certain mass flow rate;
--on the sidewall of the described cylinder of the lower position near described piston, be provided with exhaust port, outer wall around described cylinder forms one and closes exhaust buffer cavity, described exhaust buffer cavity is communicated with cylinder by the exhaust port on cylinder sidewall, liquid port is provided with in the bottom of described exhaust buffer cavity or on the sidewall of bottom, described liquid port is positioned at below described exhaust port in the height direction, be provided with gas outlet at the top of described exhaust buffer cavity or on the sidewall at top, described gas outlet is positioned at above described exhaust port in the height direction;
--be arranged on the liquid outlet I of described heat medium tank bottom by the hot-fluid side of liquid line through described heat exchanger and the inlet communication of described annular ejector;
--be arranged on the pressurized gas outlet at described pressurized gas working medium storage tank top by the cold flow side of gas piping through described heat exchanger and the inlet communication of described suction valve.
Preferably, the liquid line between described liquid outlet I and heat exchanger is provided with liquid pump I.
Preferably, external heat pipeline established by described heat medium storage tank, and described external heat pipeline one end is communicated with the bottom of described heat medium storage tank, and the other end is communicated with the top of described heat medium storage tank, and described external heat pipeline is provided with heating source.Further, described heating source is the solar heat of the waste heat of engine fuel, industrial waste heat or collection.
Preferably, described liquid port and a liquid of the described exhaust buffer cavity tank that confluxes is communicated with.Further, the conflux outlet of tank of described liquid is communicated with the liquid-inlet of described pressurized gas working medium storage tank with the fluid connection hole of described heat medium storage tank through threeway parts, described threeway parts at least comprise three kinds of switching states, the first switching state is that the conflux outlet of tank of described liquid is only communicated with the fluid connection hole of described heat medium storage tank, the second switching state is that the conflux outlet of tank of described liquid is only communicated with the liquid-inlet of described pressurized gas working medium storage tank, the third switching state is that the conflux fluid connection hole of outlet and described heat medium storage tank of tank of described liquid is communicated with the liquid-inlet of described pressurized gas working medium storage tank simultaneously.
Further, the pipeline between the liquid-inlet of described threeway parts and described pressurized gas working medium storage tank is provided with liquid pump II.
Further, be interconnected by a liquid line being provided with pressure-limit valve bottom described heat medium tank bottom and pressurized gas working medium storage tank.
Preferably, described suction valve is arranged on the central position of cylinder head, and described annular ejector is arranged on around described suction valve.
Preferably, described heat medium is water, organic working medium, water vapour or HFC series working medium.The gas working medium heating of the sensible heat that described isothermal expansion power system can utilize the heat medium after heating to store for expanding; The gas working medium heating of latent heat for expanding of release when heat medium also can be utilized to condense.Further, described organic working medium is ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerine or its aqueous solution.
Preferably, to the described heat medium sprayed into the form of foam in cylinder, propylene glycol, low boiling alkane or fluorocarbons in heat medium, is added.
Preferably, the top surface of described piston is plane or has a downward gradient, so that liquid is discharged.
Preferably, the top of described piston is provided with the push rod that can trigger INO or closedown.
Preferably, the mass ratio of described heat medium and gas working medium is the arbitrary value between 1:20 to 20:1.In cylinder, the flowing state of gas-liquid two-phase can be the nowed formings such as mist flow, foam flow and bubble flow.
Preferably, described annular ejector is magnetic injectors or ultrasonic waterjet.The drop that annular ejector sprays in cylinder should be even as far as possible, tiny, thus increase the heat exchange area between gas-liquid two-phase, thus forced heat exchanging as far as possible.
According to a further aspect in the invention, additionally provide the isothermal expansion power system utilizing hydraulic pressure of another structural type, its technological scheme is as follows: a kind of isothermal expansion power system utilizing hydraulic pressure,
Comprise piston, cylinder, connecting rod, gas working medium storage tank, heat medium storage tank, heat exchanger and mixer, described piston is slidably mounted in cylinder, described connecting rod comprises connecting rod and crank, described connecting rod one end is connected with piston, the other end is connected with crank, it is characterized in that
--described cylinder head is equipped with the suction valve with the outlet of described mixer, and the fluid-mixing of pressurized gas working medium and heat medium injects in cylinder with certain mass flow rate by described suction valve;
--on the sidewall of the described cylinder of the lower position near described piston, be provided with exhaust port, outer wall around described cylinder forms one and closes exhaust buffer cavity, described exhaust buffer cavity is communicated with cylinder by the exhaust port on cylinder sidewall, liquid port is provided with in the bottom of described exhaust buffer cavity or on the sidewall of bottom, described liquid port is positioned at below described exhaust port in the height direction, be provided with gas outlet at the top of described exhaust buffer cavity or on the sidewall at top, described gas outlet is positioned at above described exhaust port in the height direction;
--the liquid outlet I being arranged on described heat medium tank bottom is communicated with the liquid-inlet of described mixer by the hot-fluid side of liquid line through described heat exchanger;
--be arranged on the pressurized gas outlet at described pressurized gas working medium storage tank top by the cold flow side of gas piping through described heat exchanger and the pressurized gas inlet communication of described mixer.
The isothermal expansion power system utilizing hydraulic pressure of the present invention, in cylinder head, suction valve and annular ejector be housed or in cylinder head, the suction valve with the outlet of mixer be only housed, being used for from the heat medium atomization of heat medium storage tank or foamed inject cylinder.When piston moves near top dead center, suction valve is opened by the push rod be connected with piston, and pressurized gas enter cylinder immediately, after mixing with vaporific or foam-like heat medium, or after the fluid-mixing of the pressurized gas in mixer and heat medium is sprayed into cylinder, driven plunger is done work; Meanwhile, vaporific or foam-like heat medium constantly gathers at piston face.When piston moves to lower, the exhaust port on cylinder wall is opened, and the heat medium that the gas after expansion and piston face gather enters buffer cavity automatically by the exhaust port of cylinder wall; Piston stroking upward subsequently, gas remaining in compression cylinder, until suction valve is opened, starts next circulation.In buffer cavity, heat medium is separated with gas working medium, and heat medium is discharged by liquid port; Gas working medium is discharged by the exhaust port on the upside of buffer cavity.Heat medium enters liquid and to conflux tank, and is back to wet tank or is imported in pressurized gas working medium storage tank by pump.Heat medium in heat medium storage tank is heated by heating source, this part heat medium storage tank is forced into certain pressure by liquid pump, enter heat exchanger preheating from the pressurized gas in pressurized gas working medium storage tank, then sprayed in cylinder by the sparger of cylinder head.Wherein the energy of heating source is from the heat of the solar energy of the waste heat of engine fuel, industrial waste heat or collection, what store in pressurized gas working medium storage tank is pressurized gas working medium, the i.e. air inlet source of decompressor and highly pressurised liquid, this part liquid is the heat medium of liquid after liquid pump pressurization in decompressor exudate and a part of normal heating medium reservoirs, and by pumping into a certain amount of heat medium in pressurized gas working medium storage tank, to maintain the gas pressure of pressurized gas working medium storage tank inside constant.Liquid in heat medium storage tank storage tank is the source of the heat medium sprayed in cylinder, and before spraying into cylinder, first this part liquid pressurizeed by liquid pump, then first in heat exchanger with pressurized gas heat exchange, eventually spray into cylinder.When the pressure in pressurized gas working medium storage tank is higher than setting pressure, liquid is wherein back in normal heating medium reservoirs by a pressure-limit valve.It should be noted that, if heat medium sprays in cylinder with the form of foam, then add a kind of special additive in heat medium, as propylene glycol, low boiling alkane or fluorocarbons etc.
Compared with the existing technology, the isothermal expansion power system of hydraulic pressure that utilizes of the present invention has significant effect: (1) is passed through directly to the vaporific or foam-like heat medium in a large number of spray in expander cylinder, make gas augmentation of heat transfer in inflation process, because liquid heating medium has larger specific heat capacity, when it is vaporific or foam-like has larger heat exchange area, inflation process can be made to depart from adiabatic process significantly, obtain " Quasi-isothermal expansion " process close to isothermal, thus realize isothermal release can, improve unit working medium output work and its working efficiency of decompressor of the same type, and improve the whole efficiency of system, compressed-air energy-storage system can be applied to, Organic Rankine Cycle, supercritical CO
2the power take-off of the various system such as power cycle, waste heat recycling system, (2) compared with traditional multi-stage positive displacement decompressor, a kind of isothermal expansion system of hydraulic pressure that utilizes of the present invention can realize UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN, constant pressure air feeding and nearly isothermal expansion, thus considerably improve unit working medium output work, isothermal efficiency, reduce the size of FU power, cost and additional power consumption, finally reach higher system effectiveness, the power equipment for Development of Novel provides new feasible program.
Embodiment
For making object of the present invention, technological scheme and advantage clearly understand, to develop simultaneously embodiment referring to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
Embodiment 1
Fig. 1 is the structural representation utilizing the embodiment 1 of the isothermal expansion power system of hydraulic pressure of the present invention.This system comprises piston 5, cylinder 3, connecting rod, pressurized gas working medium storage tank 22, heat medium storage tank 21 and heat exchanger 24, piston 5 is slidably mounted in cylinder 3, connecting rod comprises connecting rod 12 and crank 13, connecting rod 12 one end is connected with piston 5, the other end is connected with crank 13, suction valve 2 and annular ejector 4 are equipped with in cylinder 3 top, the suction port 1 of suction valve 2 is communicated with pressurized gas working medium storage tank 22, annular ejector 4 is communicated with heat medium storage tank 21, in order to the heat medium after heating is atomized or forms foam and inject in cylinder 3 with certain mass flow rate, the sidewall of the cylinder 3 of the lower position near piston 5 is provided with exhaust port 8, outer wall around cylinder 3 forms one and closes exhaust buffer cavity 9, exhaust buffer cavity 9 is communicated with cylinder 3 by the exhaust port 8 on cylinder 3 sidewall, be vented the bottom of buffer cavity 9 or be provided with liquid port 10 on the sidewall of bottom, liquid port 10 is positioned at below exhaust port 8 in the height direction, be vented the top of buffer cavity 9 or be provided with gas outlet 11 on the sidewall at top, gas outlet 11 is positioned at above exhaust port 8 in the height direction, be arranged on liquid outlet I bottom heat medium storage tank 21 by the hot-fluid side of liquid line through heat exchanger 24 and the inlet communication of annular ejector 4, be arranged on the pressurized gas outlet at pressurized gas working medium storage tank 22 top by the cold flow side of gas piping through heat exchanger 24 and the inlet communication of suction valve 2.
When piston 5 moves near top dead center, suction valve 2 is opened by the push rod 7 be connected with piston 5, and pressurized air A enters cylinder 3 immediately, and after vaporific or foam-like droplets mixing, driven plunger 5 is done work; Meanwhile, vaporific or foam-like fluid drops in piston 5 surface and constantly gathers.When piston 5 moves to lower, the exhaust port 8 on cylinder wall is opened, and the liquid that the gas after expansion and piston face gather enters buffer cavity 9 automatically by the exhaust port 8 of cylinder wall; Up with back piston 5, gas remaining in compression cylinder, until suction valve 2 is opened, starts next circulation.In buffer cavity 9, liquid working substance is separated with gas working medium, and liquid working substance discharges D by liquid port 10; Gas working medium discharges C by the exhaust port 11 on the upside of buffer cavity 9.Liquid working substance D enters liquid and to conflux tank 14, and is back to wet tank 21 or is imported in high pressure storage tank 22 by pump 19.Liquid in flow container 21 is heated by thermal source 18, and this part liquid is forced into certain pressure by liquid pump 20, enters heat exchanger 24 preheating from the high-pressure air in high pressure storage tank 22, is then sprayed in cylinder 3 by the sparger 4 of cylinder head.Wherein the energy of heating source 18 is from the heat of the solar energy of the waste heat of engine fuel, industrial waste heat or collection, what store in high pressure storage tank 22 is pressurized gas, namely the air inlet A of decompressor originates and highly pressurised liquid, this part liquid is the liquid of liquid after liquid pump 19 pressurizes in decompressor exudate D and a part of atmospheric storage tank 21, and by pumping into a certain amount of liquid in high pressure storage tank 22, to maintain the gas pressure of tank inside constant.Liquid in wet tank 21 is the source of the heat medium B sprayed in cylinder, and before spraying into cylinder, first this part liquid pressurizeed by liquid pump 20, then first in heat exchanger 24 with pressurized gas heat exchange, eventually spray into cylinder 3.When the pressure in high pressure storage tank 22 is higher than setting pressure, liquid is wherein back in atmospheric storage tank 21 by a pressure-limit valve 23.It should be noted that, if heat medium B sprays in cylinder with the form of foam, then add a kind of special additive in heat medium, as propylene glycol, low boiling alkane or fluorocarbons etc.
Embodiment 2
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of embodiments of the invention 2, its agent structure is identical with embodiment 1, compared to embodiment 1 difference be, after heat medium and gas are by heat exchanger 24 heat exchange, enter cylinder 3 before, both enter a mixer 25, then well-mixed gas-liquid two-phase flow are sprayed into cylinder 3.Cylinder 3 top no longer needs to install annular ejector.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment made, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within the scope of the present invention.