CN104453906A - Opencast machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an opencast machine which consists of a rack, and a mining device, a charging bucket, a scraper conveyer, a belt conveyer, a diesel generator, an oil tank, a traveling device and a cab which are arranged on the rack. A cutting machine with an anchor-shaped cutting head is arranged on the mining device and can retract and lift back and forth by utilizing a hydraulic device; the charging bucket is arranged below the mining device and can lift and rotate by virtue of a bucket box lifting hydraulic rod and a rotating star wheel which are arranged on two sides; the scraper conveyer is matched with the charging bucket and the belt conveyer which is arranged on the rear part of the rack, so that feeding is realized; and the belt conveyer realizes horizontal rotating and lifting by virtue of a rotary hydraulic device connected with the front end of the belt conveyer and a winch connected with a rear belt pulley of the belt conveyer, and convenient loading is realized. According to the opencast machine, mining equipment, crushing equipment, charging equipment, feeding equipment and loading equipment are integrated into a whole, combined mechanical operation is realized, the manual labor is saved, the mining efficiency is high, and the mining cost is low.

Description

A surface coal mining machine

technical field

The invention relates to mining equipment, in particular to a surface coal mining machine.

Background technique

The mining industry is the foundation of the national economy, and it undertakes the task of providing coal and various useful minerals and raw materials. With the development of my country's economy, it is required to equip mines with high-quality, high-efficiency, and high-economic-benefit mining machinery and equipment, to carry out technical transformation of original mine equipment, and to improve the technical level of my country's mining industry. The production efficiency of open-pit mining is 3-7 times higher than that of mine mining, and it has the advantages of safe production and good working conditions, which makes it have broad development prospects and has attracted the attention of all countries in the world. Over the past 40 years, foreign open-pit coal mining has been greatly developed. In the world's major coal-producing countries, the proportion of open-pit coal mining has increased from 5-10% in the 1960s to 15-20% now. While striving to expand the scale of mining areas, more advanced large-scale mining equipment has been continuously manufactured and used. High-efficiency continuous mining technology and non-transportation stacking technology should be used as far as possible for open-pit coal mining to achieve continuous and efficient production and improve the productivity of the coal mining industry. The United States is famous for its small but numerous open-pit coal mines, but large-scale open-pit coal mines have been growing rapidly in the past decade, mainly due to the advancement of open-pit mining equipment and the improvement of mining technology. Our country is rich in coal resources suitable for open-pit mining, and the prospective reserves are quite considerable, but our country lacks advanced mining equipment for open-pit coal mining. At present, the coal mining equipment used in my country's open-pit coal mines is generally a traditional single-bucket excavator with a car or a belt conveyor. This mining method requires perforation and blasting; the labor cost is high, the mining efficiency is low, and the cost of coal mining is high; the coal mined Due to the large lumpiness, secondary crushing is required; the mined coal is not convenient for loading and transportation.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above existing problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a surface coal mining machine that does not require perforation and blasting of coal mines, has high mining efficiency, low mining cost, does not require secondary crushing of mined coal, and is convenient for loading.

In order to achieve the above object, the surface coal mining machine provided by the present invention includes a frame and a mining device installed on the frame, a charging bucket, a scraper conveyor, a belt conveyor, a diesel generator, a hydraulic oil tank, a traveling device and a driver's cab ;

The mining device is installed on the front end of the upper part of the frame. The mining device includes a cutting machine. The rear end of the cutting machine is connected with the telescopic hydraulic rod. The rear end of the telescopic hydraulic rod is connected with the mechanical arm. The front end of the mechanical arm is connected, and a hydraulic rod for lifting the mechanical arm is installed under the mechanical arm;

The charging bucket is installed on the frame below the mining device. The loading bucket includes a dustpan-shaped bucket box. Bucket box lifting hydraulic rods are installed on both sides of the bucket box. A rotating star wheel is installed;

The front end of the scraper conveyor corresponds to the rear end of the charging bucket, and the rear end of the scraper conveyor corresponds to the front end of the belt conveyor installed at the rear of the frame;

The front end of the belt conveyor is connected with the rotary hydraulic device, and the rotary hydraulic device is installed on the frame; the pulley at the rear end of the belt conveyor is connected with the hoist, and the hoist is installed on the frame;

The walking device is installed at the bottom of the frame;

The driver's cab is arranged at the top of the frame, and an operating system and an electric control system are arranged in the driver's cab.

The cutting machine is a drum-type cutting machine driven by a motor to rotate, and anchor-shaped (T-shaped) cutting heads are evenly distributed on the drum of the cutting machine; the mining device is provided with one or more cutting machines.

The rear end of the scraper conveyor and the front end of the belt conveyor are correspondingly provided with a trumpet-shaped material receiving port.

The traveling device is a crawler belt driven by driving wheels.

Hydraulic support legs are installed on both sides of the rear end bottom of the frame.

The operating principle of the surface coal mining machine of the present invention is:

Start the coal mining machine, lift the hydraulic rod through the mechanical arm of the mining device to lower the cutting machine to the mining position; turn on the cutting machine motor, the cutting machine starts to rotate, and the anchor-shaped cutting head on the cutting machine hits the coal block, so that the coal block is separated and broken into pieces. coal particles, and loosen the coal particles; open the bucket box lifting hydraulic lever, so that the bucket box falls to the ground, and as the shearer advances, the cut coal particles are shoveled into the bucket box , through the rotating star wheels on both sides of the back of the bucket box, the coal particles are raked out of the bucket box and enter the scraper conveyor. The scraper conveyor transports the coal particles to the belt conveyor, and the belt conveyor transports the coal particles to the On the coal truck, was pulled away.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. The open-pit coal mining machine of the present invention integrates mining, crushing, shoveling, feeding and loading equipment, and the entire coal mining process can be mechanized with one coal mining machine operated by one person, which saves manpower and has high coal mining efficiency. Mining costs are low.

2. Use the anchor-type cutting head of the cutting machine to cut, crush and plan the coal block. By installing different numbers of cutting heads, the particle size of the coal block can meet the requirements without secondary crushing.

3. The cutting machine is controlled by the telescopic hydraulic rod to move back and forth within a certain range, which facilitates and improves coal mining efficiency.

4. Controlled by the rotating hydraulic device and the hoist, the belt conveyor can rotate left and right and lift up and down, and cooperate with the coal truck, which is very convenient for loading and has high loading efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram (side view) of surface coal mining machine of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a side view of the cutting machine in Fig. 1 .

In the figure: 1-mining device; 2-loading bucket; 3-cab; 4-frame; 5-diesel generator; 6-hydraulic oil tank; 7-traveling device; 8-scraper conveyor; 9-belt Transport machine; 10-cutting machine; 11-telescopic hydraulic rod; 12-mechanical arm; 13-connecting shaft; 14-mechanical arm lifting hydraulic rod; 15-bucket box; 16-bucket box lifting hydraulic rod; 17-rotating star Wheel; 18-operating system; 19-electric control system; 20-driving wheel; 21-crawler; 22-hydraulic support leg; 23-feed opening; 24-belt; 25-pulley; 26-hoist; Device; 28 - cutting head.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.

In conjunction with Fig. 1, the surface coal mining machine of this embodiment includes a frame 4 and a mining device 1 installed on the frame 4, a charging bucket 2, a scraper conveyor 8, a belt conveyor 9, a diesel generator 5, and a hydraulic oil tank 6 , running gear 7 and cab 3.

Mining device 1 is installed on the upper front end of frame 4, and its front end is equipped with a cutting machine 10, and this cutting machine 10 as shown in Figure 2, is the drum type cutting machine, is driven to rotate by motor (not shown), on its drum Eight anchor-shaped (T-shaped) cutting heads 28 are evenly spaced. The rear end of the cutting machine is connected with the telescopic hydraulic rod 11, and the telescopic hydraulic rod 11 drives the mining device 1 to be retractable forward and backward. The rear end of the telescopic hydraulic rod 11 is connected with the mechanical arm 12, and the rear end of the mechanical arm 12 is connected with the frame 4 through the connecting shaft 13, and the mechanical lifting hydraulic rod 14 is installed under the mechanical arm 12, and the mechanical arm 12 controls the mining device 1 Lift and adjust the mining position. The loading bucket 2 is installed on the frame below the mining device 1. The loading bucket 2 has a dustpan-shaped bucket box 15, and the buckets for controlling the lifting of the bucket box are installed on both sides of the bucket box 15 through the frame. Box lifting hydraulic rod 16, rotating star wheels 17 are installed on both sides of the bucket box 15 rear, in order to rake the coal lump particles in the bucket box to the scraper conveyor. The scraper conveyor 8 is installed on the frame so that the front end of the scraper conveyor 8 is docked with the rear end of the charging bucket 2 . Belt conveyor 9 is installed in the rear portion of frame, and the front end of belt conveyor 9 is corresponding to the rear end of scraper conveyor 8, and is connected with the rotary hydraulic device 27 that is installed on the frame, pulley 25 of belt conveyor 9 rear ends Connect with hoist 26, hoist 26 is installed on the frame, belt conveyer 9 can rotate horizontally by rotating hydraulic device 27, and the rear end can be lifted by hoist control, so that cooperate with coal truck, improve loading speed. The front end of belt conveyor 9 and the corresponding place of scraper conveyor 8 rear ends utilize frame to install a trumpet-shaped material receiving port 23, so that belt conveyor 9 receives material. A diesel generator 5 and a hydraulic oil tank 6 of a hydraulic system are installed on the frame 4 to provide electrical energy for the shearer. The running gear 7 made of crawler belts 21 and front and rear drive wheels 20 is installed on the bottom of the frame. The cab 3 of the shearer is installed on the top of the frame, the operating system 18 is installed in the front of the cab, and the electric control system 19 is installed in the rear. Hydraulic support legs 22 are installed on both sides of the rear end bottom of the frame, and are used to support the rear of the shearer when the shearer is working.

Open-pit coal mines use this shearer to mine coal, and one piece of equipment can realize the combined operations of mining, crushing, shoveling, feeding, and loading. Compared with coal mining with a single bucket excavator and a car or a belt conveyor, it not only saves manpower, Moreover, the efficiency of coal mining can be increased several times, even ten times, and the cost of coal mining can be greatly reduced.

Claims (6)

1. A surface coal mining machine is characterized in that: comprise frame (4) and be installed on the mining device (1) on frame (4), charging bucket (2), scraper conveyor (8), Belt conveyor (9), diesel generator (5), hydraulic oil tank (6), traveling gear (7) and cab (3); The mining device (1) is installed on the upper front end of the frame 4. The mining device (1) includes a cutting machine (10), the rear end of the cutting machine is connected with the telescopic hydraulic rod (11), and after the telescopic hydraulic rod (11) end is connected with the mechanical arm (12), the rear end of the mechanical arm (12) is connected with the front end of the frame (4) through the connecting shaft (13), and the mechanical arm lifting hydraulic rod (14) is installed below the mechanical arm (12). ); Described charging bucket (2) is installed on the frame (4) below mining device (1), and this charging bucket (2) comprises the bucket box (15) of dustpan type, bucket box (15) Bucket box lifting hydraulic rods (16) are installed on both sides, and rotating star wheels (17) are installed on both sides of the rear of the bucket box (15); The front end of the scraper conveyor (8) corresponds to the rear end of the charging bucket (2), and the rear end of the scraper conveyor (8) corresponds to the front end of the belt conveyor (9) installed at the rear of the frame ; The walking device (7) is installed on the lowermost part of the frame (4); The driver's cab (3) is arranged on the uppermost part of the frame (4), and an operating system (18) and an electric control system (19) are arranged in the driver's cab (3). 2. The surface coal mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the front end of the belt conveyor (9) is connected to the rotary hydraulic device (27), and the rotary hydraulic device (27) is installed on the frame (4) Go up; The pulley (25) of belt conveyor (9) rear end is connected with hoist (26), and hoist (26) is installed on the frame (4). 3. The surface coal mining machine according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the cutting machine (10) is a drum-type cutting machine driven by a motor to rotate, and there are evenly distributed on the drum of the cutting machine (10). The anchor cutting head (28); the mining device (1) is provided with one or more cutting machines (10). 4. The surface coal mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rear end of the scraper conveyor (8) and the front end of the belt conveyor (9) are provided with a trumpet-shaped material receiving port (23). 5. The surface coal mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the traveling device (7) is a crawler belt (21) driven by a driving wheel (20). 6. The surface coal mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: hydraulic support legs (22) are installed on both sides of the rear end bottom of the frame (4).