CN104449872A - Gasification process system for fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel - Google Patents
Gasification process system for fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel Download PDFInfo
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- CN104449872A CN104449872A CN201410754690.XA CN201410754690A CN104449872A CN 104449872 A CN104449872 A CN 104449872A CN 201410754690 A CN201410754690 A CN 201410754690A CN 104449872 A CN104449872 A CN 104449872A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/46—Gasification of granular or pulverulent flues in suspension
- C10J3/466—Entrained flow processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/82—Gas withdrawal means
- C10J3/84—Gas withdrawal means with means for removing dust or tar from the gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/86—Other features combined with waste-heat boilers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/0916—Biomass
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a gasification process system for fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel. A combustion system adopts a circulating fluidized bed combustion technology and an efficient cyclone separation technology of the fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel. The fine-particle circulating fluidized bed combustion technology adopts a flat-plate directional wind cap, so that refining combustion of coal particles is achieved; a fluidized bed gasification reactor system of the fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel adopts a fine-particle gasification technology, and the fine-particle gasification technology adopts the flat-plate directional wind cap, so that the problems of low gas production rate and low gas production heat value in an existing coal gasification process system are solved; by virtue of an afterheat utilization system, the heat carried in the gasification process is transformed into steam, and is supplied to the fluidized bed gasification reaction system of the fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel, so that the cost is reduced by using self-energy sources; and the gasification process system also comprises an ash treatment system and a gasification process gas purification system, so that the problem of waste of the heat carried in ash, and the problem that sulfide and dust carried in the gasification process are not thoroughly treated are solved.
Description
Technical field
The clean fuel that the invention belongs in derived energy chemical field transforms new and high technology, is specifically related to the gasifying process system of a kind of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel.
Background technology
Because current Domestic Environment is polluted, destroyed violent, the requirement of Environmental protection is more strict, does not therefore allow biomass, present situation that coal directly burns, and will consider the Sustainable development of biomass, coal.In conventional gasifying process system: thermophore is excessive with material particular diameter, cause mixing uneven, heat exchange is insufficient, and impact is gasified, scission reaction; The Effiency of whirlwind Separator is low, causes gasification gas to carry away a large amount of circulating ash, impact gasification, scission reaction, and causes more serious corrosion and wearing and tearing to follow-up equipment; The high-temperature steam of gasification takes from other process systems, waste self energy; Be separated the waste residue of discharging directly to discharge, contaminate environment; The scavenging process of gasification gas does not thoroughly cause aerogenesis impure, and containing corrosive gases and dust, long-time perishable pipeline endangers safety.By literature search, China Patent No. is that the patent of invention of ZL20070063368.2 proposes a kind of circulating fluidized bed pyrolysis gasification method and device, China Patent No. is the circular fluid bed that the patent of invention of ZL200410070766.3 proposes a kind of coal gas-steam combined production method and band pyrolysis vaporizer, China Patent No. is that the patent of invention of ZL200710119476.7 proposes a kind of solid fuel decoupling fluidized bed gasification process and gasification installation, filling the patent No. is that the patent of invention of ZL200410027427.7 proposes biomass mixing gasifying processing method and device, all there is implantation material in above-mentioned several device, the fluidisations such as material are bad, mix uneven, flow velocity is too fast, residence time is short, cause gas production rate few, the problem that aerogenesis calorific value is low.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, solve existing circulating fluidized bed combustion incomplete, in flying dust, carbon content is high, the problem of high pollution; Solve existing gasification, cracker gas production rate is few, the problem that calorific value is low; Make full use of that own resource carries out gasifying, scission reaction, reduce costs; Become as problem that is precious, that solve the pollution of environment; Solve existing coal gas product impure, the problem that calorific value is low.And then the gasifying process system of a kind of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel is provided.
For realizing above object, by the following technical solutions:
The gasifying process system of a kind of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel, specifically comprise recirculating fluidized bed combustion system, the fluidized bed gasification reactor system of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel, bootstrap system, ash processing system and gasification Process Gas purification system, recirculating fluidized bed combustion system provides heat for the fluidized bed gasification reactor of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel, the fluidized bed gasification reactor of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel is between the cyclonic separator and material returning device of circulating fluidized bed combustion stove, and be connected to form double-fluidized-bed with circulating fluidized bed combustion stove, bootstrap system reclaims the coal gas of high temperature waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas waste heat of circulating fluidized bed combustion stove and the fluidized bed gasification reactor of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel by the waterpipe type waste heat boiler of vertical, and the high temperature super heated steam that bootstrap system produces is sent in the fluidized bed gasification reactor of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel as vaporized chemical.
Described recirculating fluidized bed combustion system comprises burner, an air compartment, the horizontal air distribution plate I of water-cooled, flat wind cap I, overfire air jet, returning charge pipeline, material returning device, be positioned at the loosening wind air compartment of material returning device bottom, be positioned at the material returning device returning charge entrance at material returning device top, fume side primary cyclone, be positioned at the circulating ash outlet of fume side primary cyclone bottom, fume side secondary cyclone, be positioned at the ash-removing mouth of fume side secondary cyclone bottom, be positioned at the exhanst gas outlet I on fume side secondary cyclone top, adopt ignition under bed Starting mode, burner arrangement is under bed, and First air indoor are provided with startup heating unit, the flat wind cap I of cloth elegance, manufactures specific flow state, and bed material is mixed with wind, and realize fine particle low velocity fluidization and burn, flat wind cap I is made up of heat-resistance stainless steel.Fixing and the cooling of flat wind cap I adopts the horizontal air distribution plate I of water-cooled.The forward and backward wall of burner hearth arranges dipping type secondary air entrance, for supplementing sufficient air quantity in burner hearth.Material returning device is connected with returning charge pipeline, prevents material returning device from blocking.Two-stage efficient cyclone separator is set, i.e. fume side primary cyclone, fume side secondary cyclone, this efficient cyclone separator adopts jacket structured, and flue gas to enter after efficient cyclone separator high speed rotating in chuck, by centrifugal force by the dust separation in flue gas out.
Described fine particle biomass or the fluidized bed gasification reactor system of solid fossil fuel comprise: reactor, circulating ash entrance, replenishment cycles ash entrance, material inlet, flat wind cap II, the horizontal air distribution plate II of water-cooled, high-temperature steam entrance, loose metal wind entrance, the returning charge outlet of reactor, the gas exit I of reactor, coal gas side primary cyclone, be positioned at the cinder-discharging port I of primary cyclone bottom, coal gas side, coal gas side secondary cyclone, be positioned at the cinder-discharging port II of secondary cyclone bottom, coal gas side, be positioned at the gas exit II on secondary cyclone top, coal gas side, the circulating ash entrance of reactor exports by pipeline communication with the circulating ash being positioned at fume side primary cyclone bottom, and the returning charge outlet of reactor is connected by pipeline with the material returning device returning charge entrance being positioned at material returning device top, air distribution plate adopts flat wind cap II, manufacture specific flow state, make thermophore and mixing of materials even, simultaneously thermophore and material contact area little, duration of contact is long, achieve the gasification of fine particle low velocity fluidization and rationally get rid of large granular materials, this flat wind cap II is made up of heat-resistance stainless steel, and the fixing and cooling of flat wind cap II adopts the horizontal air distribution plate II of water-cooled.The warm air that loose metal wind entrance is sent into sprays into reactor after flat wind cap II sprays into reactor high-temperature steam with high-temperature steam entrance and the material sending into reactor by material inlet mix, and carry out gasification reaction at low velocity fluidization and specifically under flow state.The coal gas that gasification produces is discharged by reactor gas exit I, is separated successively by coal gas side primary cyclone, coal gas side secondary cyclone, and the lime-ash separated is carried out waste heat recovery by Cemented filling to useless solid waste heat boiler.
Described bootstrap system comprises: drum, coal gas side superheater, coal gas side vaporizer, fume side vaporizer, fume side air preheater, the gas entry I of coal gas side superheater is communicated with by pipeline with the gas exit II on the secondary cyclone top, fluidized bed gasification reactor system coal gas side being arranged in fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel, the gas exit III of coal gas side superheater passes through pipeline communication with the gas entry II of coal gas side vaporizer, the exhanst gas outlet I being positioned at fume side secondary cyclone top in the smoke inlet I of fume side vaporizer and recirculating fluidized bed combustion system passes through pipeline communication, the gas exit III of coal gas side superheater and the gas entry of coal gas side vaporizer II, the smoke inlet II of fume side air preheater passes through pipeline communication with the exhanst gas outlet II of fume side vaporizer.There is in drum cyclonic separator flash liberation is carried out to steam water interface, steam after separation carries out secondary separation by screen separator again, ensure to enter coal gas side superheater after steam contains lower moisture, prevent the body generation pipe explosion accident of coal gas side superheater; Rational feeding apparatus, chemicals dosing plant, continuous blow off equipment, liquid-level monitoring device, drum pressure watching device and overpressure protection apparatus is also provided with in drum.The housing of coal gas side superheater, coal gas side vaporizer, fume side vaporizer and fume side air preheater all adopts flanging technology, reduces weld seam and guarantees sealing; Described coal gas side superheater body have employed sinuous coil convection heating surface; be made by high-temperature alloy steel; sinuous coil the top two array of pipes is furnished with wearing-resistant tile; effectively protect convection heating surface; pitch reasonable in design between sinuous coil ensures the unimpeded and suitable gas speed of gas flue, and be provided with in the middle part of the superheater body of coal gas side convection-type desuperheater by regulate spray water flux regulate final high-temperature steam outlet temperature.Steam superheating to become after high-temperature steam by Cemented filling to the high-temperature steam entrance in the fluidized bed gasification reactor system of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel, finally enters reactor and carries out gasification reaction; Described coal gas side evaporator body and fume side evaporator body all adopt angle of inclination to be the convection tubes group of 10 °; pipe internal memory gas explosion pipe phenomenon is avoided to occur; between convection tubes group pipe, pitch reasonable in design ensures the unimpeded and suitable flue gas flow rate of exhaust gases passes; every three tubule groups are communicated with composition bassoon group by header; the top two array of pipes of each tubule group is furnished with wearing-resistant tile, effectively protects convection heating surface.
Described ash processing system comprises: useless solid waste heat boiler, and useless solid waste heat boiler is provided with lime-ash entrance, hot water outlet, useless cold water inlet, hot air outlet, useless solid outlet, cool air inlet, the ash-removing mouth of fume side secondary cyclone bottom is positioned in lime-ash entrance and recirculating fluidized bed combustion system, be positioned at the cinder-discharging port I of primary cyclone bottom, coal gas side in the fluidized bed gasification reactor system of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel and be positioned at the cinder-discharging port II of secondary cyclone bottom, coal gas side, the ash port I of coal gas side superheater in bootstrap system, the ash port II of coal gas side evaporation, fume side vaporizer ash port III, fume side air preheater ash port IV passes through pipeline communication.Lime-ash enters useless solid waste heat boiler by lime-ash entrance, carries out heat exchange afterwards with the cold water entered by useless solid waste heat boiler cold water inlet and the freezing air that entered by useless solid waste heat boiler cool air inlet.Lime-ash after cooling exports discharge admittedly by the solid waste heat boiler that gives up is useless, adds to pack after additive makes cement to transport in lime-ash.Delivered to by the hot water outlet that the hot water after heating consolidates waste heat boiler through giving up in the drum in bootstrap system and again heat; To be delivered to through useless solid waste heat boiler hot air outlet by the warm air after heating in the air preheater in bootstrap system and again heat.In the fluidized bed gasification reactor system that waste heat is taken back recirculating fluidized bed combustion system, fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel by this ash processing system and bootstrap system.
Described gasification gas purification system comprises: coal gas side, fume side adopt identical cooling, desulfurizing gas wash tower and the coal gas drying plant of coal gas side respectively.Cooling, desulfurizing gas wash tower comprise gas inlet, first time spray, first time spray water loop exit, bottom sewage draining exit, second time spray, pallet I, top sewage draining exit, for the third time spray, pallet II, the 4th spray, water separator, pneumatic outlet, settling pocket, secondary settlement room, liming recycle pond; Pipeline communication is passed through with the gas exit IV of coal gas side vaporizer II in bootstrap system and the exhanst gas outlet III of fume side air preheater respectively in two gas inletes.Gas from gas entrance enters cooling, desulfurizing gas wash tower, and pass through first time spray, second time spray, for the third time spray, the 4th spray successively, the gas after spray carries out carbonated drink separation through water separator again; Wherein spray water derives from the first time spray water loop exit of tower bottom for the first time, and second and third time spray water derives from liming recycle pond, and the 4th time spray water derives from cold water.Pallet I, pallet II are made up of multi-hole orifice, will carry H in the gas after second time spray
2sO
4, acidic substance and the part dust such as HCL, when by pallet I, pallet II multi-hole orifice, acidic substance and macrobead can settle down, and play the effect of cooling depickling dedusting.For preventing pallet I, pallet II blocks and cleans acidic substance, is provided with rinse water spray I above pallet I, is provided with rinse water spray II above pallet II, is used for irrigation tray.Third time, spray place was provided with Venturi tube, and at trunnion place water spray, due to Venturi effect, water droplet enters high-speed gas in trunnion and pipe and bumps against and form droplet, and dust and droplet clash into and form macrobead and settled down, and play the effect of depickling dedusting of lowering the temperature.Vapour enters in water separation device to have multiple corrugated plate to combine, the moisture that gas is contained by the inertia effect produced due to the change of air flow line during corrugated plate by gas and dust separation also settle down, water separation device blocking and cleaning acidic substance are entered for preventing vapour, enter to be provided with above water separation device rinse water spray III at vapour, be used for rinsing vapour and enter corrugated plate in water separation device.
The present invention's benefit effect: 1, recirculating fluidized bed combustion system have employed the specific flow effect of board-like wind cap manufacture, extends the residence time in the stove of bed material, is conducive to the mixing of bed material, perfect combustion;
2, the fluidized bed gasification reactor system of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel have employed the specific flow effect of board-like wind cap manufacture, material is mixed with the mixture of air, high-temperature steam, circulating ash, and stop in reactor the sufficiently long time carry out gasifying, scission reaction; The fluidized bed gasification reactor system employing inside of recirculating fluidized bed combustion system and fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel is the efficient cyclone separator of chuck pattern, makes the separation efficiency of dust and gas (coal gas, flue gas) reach more than 98%;
3, after coal gas, flue gas are separated each via corresponding separator, be provided with corresponding residual heat using device respectively, coal gas side residual heat using device is coal gas side superheater, coal gas side vaporizer II, flue gas waste heat utilization device side is fume side vaporizer I, fume side air preheater, the heat recuperation of coal gas, flue gas being carried respectively is also transformed in high-temperature steam, and fluidized bed gasification reactor system response device high-temperature steam being transmitted back to fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel carries out gasifying, scission reaction, utilizes self energy cost-saving; Residual heat using device housing adopts flanging technology, reduce weld seam, the stopping property of assurance device, and heating surface adopts reasonable pitch to greatly reduce dust stratification and the corrosion of heating surface;
4, the ash processing system of useless solid waste heat boiler is taked, ash temperature is reduced by the convection heating surface being arranged on useless solid waste heat boiler inside, improve the feed temperature of boiler to improve boiler efficiency simultaneously, the entering air temperature that part enters fume side air preheater can also be improved, add additive in lime-ash after cooling and namely can be made into cement recycling, turn waste into wealth and protection of the environment;
5, the desulfurized dust collection column that gasification air purifying apparatus is different from the past, is provided with Venturi tube in the middle part of tower, is substantially increased the efficiency of dust and desulfurization in divided gas flow (coal gas, flue gas) by Venturi effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is main TV structure schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of board-like wind cap of the present invention
Fig. 3 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of efficient cyclone separator of chuck pattern of the present invention
Fig. 4 is the folded edges schematic diagram of residual heat using device in bootstrap system of the present invention
Fig. 5 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of useless solid waste heat boiler of the present invention
Fig. 6 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of the cooling, desulfurizing gas wash tower in gasification gas purification system of the present invention
As shown in the figure, 1, burner; 2, an air compartment; 3, the horizontal air distribution plate I of water-cooled; 4, flat wind cap I; 5, overfire air jet; 6, returning charge pipeline; 7, material returning device; 8, wind air compartment is loosened; 9, material returning device returning charge entrance; 10, fume side primary cyclone; 11, circulating ash outlet; 12, fume side secondary cyclone; 13, ash-removing mouth; 14, exhanst gas outlet I; 15, reactor; 16, circulating ash entrance; 17, replenishment cycles ash entrance; 18, material inlet; 19, flat wind cap II; 20, the horizontal air distribution plate II of water-cooled; 21, high-temperature steam entrance; 22, loose metal wind entrance; 23, the returning charge outlet of reactor; 24, gas exit I; 25, coal gas side primary cyclone; 26, cinder-discharging port I; 27, coal gas side secondary cyclone; 28, cinder-discharging port II; 29, gas exit II; 30, drum; 31, gas entry I; 32, coal gas side superheater; 33, coal gas side superheater body; 34, gas exit III; 35, ash port I; 36, gas entry II; 37, coal gas side vaporizer; 38, coal gas side evaporator body; 39, gas exit IV; 40, ash port II; 41, smoke inlet I; 42, fume side vaporizer; 43, fume side evaporator body; 44, exhanst gas outlet II; 45, ash port III; 46, smoke inlet II; 47, fume side air preheater; 48, fume side air preheater body; 49, exhanst gas outlet III; 50, ash port IV; 51, useless solid waste heat boiler; 52, lime-ash entrance; 53, hot water outlet; 54, cold water inlet; 55, hot air outlet; 56, useless solid outlet; 57, cool air inlet; 58, cooling, desulfurizing gas wash tower; 59, gas inlet; 60, first time sprays; 61, first time spray water loop exit; 62, bottom sewage draining exit; 63, second time spray; 64, rinse water spray I; 65, pallet I; 66, top sewage draining exit; 67, Venturi tube; 68, third time sprays; 69, rinse water spray II; 70, pallet II; 71, the 4th spray; 72, water separator; 73, rinse water spray III; 74, pneumatic outlet; 75, a settling pocket; 76, secondary settlement room; 77, liming recycle pond; 78, coal gas drying plant.
Embodiment
embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, a gasifying process systemic circulation fluidized bed combustion syste for fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel, comprises the fluidized bed gasification reactor system of recirculating fluidized bed combustion system, fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel, bootstrap system, ash processing system and gasification Process Gas purification system.
Composition graphs 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 explanation, the recirculating fluidized bed combustion system of embodiment comprises: burner (1), an air compartment (2), the horizontal air distribution plate I (3) of water-cooled, flat wind cap I (4), overfire air jet (5), returning charge pipeline (6), material returning device (7), be positioned at the loosening wind air compartment (8) of material returning device (7) bottom, be positioned at the material returning device returning charge entrance (9) at material returning device (7) top, fume side primary cyclone (10), be positioned at circulating ash outlet (11) of fume side primary cyclone (10) bottom, fume side secondary cyclone (12), be positioned at the cinder-discharging port (13) of fume side secondary cyclone (12) bottom, be positioned at the exhanst gas outlet (14) on fume side secondary cyclone (12) top.Under burner (1) is arranged in bed, be provided with startup heating unit in an air compartment (2), First air derives from the fume side air preheater in bootstrap system.The flat wind cap I (4) of cloth elegance, the flow velocity of fuel air and vaporized chemical (gasification wind) is 0.5 ~ 1m/s, manufacture specific flow state, bed material is mixed with wind, realize fine particle low velocity fluidization burn and rationally get rid of large granular materials, this flat wind cap I (4) is made up of heat-resistance stainless steel.Fixing and the cooling of flat wind cap I (4) adopts the horizontal air distribution plate I (3) of water-cooled.The forward and backward wall of burner hearth arranges dipping type secondary air entrance (5), and for supplementing sufficient air quantity in burner hearth, secondary air derives from the fume side air preheater (47) in bootstrap system.This system has two-stage efficient cyclone separator altogether, i.e. fume side primary cyclone (10), fume side secondary cyclone (12), this efficient cyclone separator adopts jacket structured, chuck is made up of heat-resistance stainless steel, flue gas (950 DEG C) to enter after efficient cyclone separator high speed rotating in chuck, by centrifugal force by the dust separation in flue gas out, this efficient cyclone separator separation efficiency can reach more than 98%.
Composition graphs 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 illustrates, the fine particle biomass of the present embodiment or the fluidized bed gasification reactor system of solid fossil fuel, and described system comprises: reactor (15), circulating ash entrance (16), replenishment cycles ash entrance (17), material inlet (18), flat wind cap II (19), the horizontal air distribution plate II (20) of water-cooled, high-temperature steam entrance (21), loose metal wind entrance (22), returning charge outlet (23) of reactor, the gas exit I (24) of reactor (15), coal gas side primary cyclone (25), be positioned at the cinder-discharging port I (26) of primary cyclone (25) bottom, coal gas side, coal gas side secondary cyclone (27), be positioned at the cinder-discharging port II (28) of secondary cyclone (27) bottom, coal gas side, be positioned at the gas exit II (29) on secondary cyclone (27) top, coal gas side, the circulating ash entrance (16) of reactor exports (11) by pipeline communication with the circulating ash being positioned at fume side primary cyclone (10) bottom, and returning charge outlet (23) of reactor is connected by pipeline with the material returning device returning charge entrance (9) being positioned at material returning device (7) top.The flat wind cap II (19) of the present embodiment cloth elegance, the flow velocity of material air and vaporized chemical (gasification wind) is 0.5 ~ 1m/s, manufacture specific flow state, make thermophore and mixing of materials even, simultaneously thermophore and material contact area little, duration of contact is long, and realize the gasification of fine particle low velocity fluidization and rationally get rid of large granular materials, this flat wind cap II (19) is made up of heat-resistance stainless steel.Fixing and the cooling of flat wind cap (19) adopts the horizontal air distribution plate II (20) of water-cooled.The warm air that loose metal wind entrance (22) is sent into sprays into reactor (15) after flat wind cap II (19) sprays into reactor (15) high-temperature steam (580 DEG C) with high-temperature steam entrance (21) and the material sending into reactor (15) by material inlet (18) mix, and carry out gasifying, scission reaction under low velocity fluidization and specific flow state.The coal gas (850 DEG C) that gasification produces is discharged by the gas exit I (24) of reactor (15), be separated by coal gas side primary cyclone (25), coal gas side secondary cyclone (27) successively, the lime-ash separated is carried out waste heat recovery by Cemented filling to useless solid waste heat boiler (51).
Composition graphs 1 and Fig. 4 illustrate, the bootstrap system of the present embodiment comprises: drum (30), coal gas side superheater (32), coal gas side vaporizer (37), fume side vaporizer (42), fume side air preheater (47), the gas entry I (31) of coal gas side superheater (32) is communicated with by pipeline with the gas exit II (29) on secondary cyclone (27) top, fluidized bed gasification reactor system coal gas side being arranged in fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel, the gas exit III (34) of coal gas side superheater (32) passes through pipeline communication with the gas entry II (36) of coal gas side vaporizer (37), the exhanst gas outlet I (14) being positioned at fume side secondary cyclone (12) top in the smoke inlet I (41) of fume side vaporizer (42) and recirculating fluidized bed combustion system passes through pipeline communication, the gas exit III (34) of coal gas side superheater (32) and the gas entry (36) of coal gas side vaporizer II (37), the smoke inlet II (46) of fume side air preheater (47) passes through pipeline communication with the exhanst gas outlet II (44) of fume side vaporizer (42).There are in drum (30) three high efficiency cyclonic separators flash liberation is carried out to steam water interface (temperature of saturation 209 DEG C), steam (temperature of saturation 209 DEG C) after separation carries out secondary separation by screen separator again, to ensure to enter coal gas side superheater (32) after steam contains lower moisture, prevent coal gas side superheater body (33) from pipe explosion accident occurring; Be provided with rational feeding apparatus, chemicals dosing plant, continuous blow off equipment, liquid-level monitoring device, drum pressure watching device and overpressure protection apparatus in drum (30), ensure in drum higher water quality and ensure security of system, reliable, stable operation.
Coal gas of high temperature (850 DEG C) enters coal gas side superheater (32), and coal gas side superheater (32) housing adopts flanging technology, reduces weld seam and guarantees sealing; Coal gas side superheater body (33) have employed sinuous coil convection heating surface, is made by high-temperature alloy steel; Sinuous coil the top two array of pipes is furnished with wearing-resistant tile, effectively protects convection heating surface; Pitch (120mm ~ 180mm) reasonable in design between sinuous coil ensures the unimpeded and suitable gas speed of gas flue; Be provided with convection-type desuperheater at middle part, coal gas side superheater body (33) and regulate final high-temperature steam outlet temperature by regulating spray water flux.After saturation steam (209 DEG C) overheated one-tenth high-temperature steam (580 DEG C) by Cemented filling to the high-temperature steam entrance (21) in the fluidized bed gasification reactor system of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel, finally enter reactor (15) and carry out gasification reaction.
Coal gas of high temperature (700 DEG C) enters coal gas side vaporizer (37), and the housing of coal gas side vaporizer (37) adopts flanging technology, reduces weld seam and guarantees sealing.Employing angle of inclination, coal gas side evaporator body (38) is the convection tubes group of 10 °, avoids pipe internal memory gas explosion pipe phenomenon to occur; Pitch (120mm ~ 180mm) reasonable in design between convection tubes group pipe ensures the unimpeded and suitable flue gas flow rate of exhaust gases passes; Every three tubule groups are communicated with composition bassoon group by header, the top two array of pipes of each tubule group is furnished with wearing-resistant tile, effectively protects convection heating surface.
High-temperature flue gas (950 DEG C) is by entering fume side vaporizer (42), and fume side vaporizer (42) housing adopts flanging technology, reduces weld seam and guarantees sealing.Fume side evaporator body (43) employing angle of inclination is the convection tubes group of 10 °, avoids depositing gas explosion pipe phenomenon and occurs; Pitch (120mm ~ 180mm) reasonable in design between convection tubes group pipe ensures the unimpeded and suitable flue gas flow rate of exhaust gases passes; Every three tubule groups are communicated with composition bassoon group by header, the top two array of pipes of each tubule group is furnished with wearing-resistant tile, effectively protects convection heating surface.
High-temperature flue gas (850 DEG C) enters fume side air preheater (47), and fume side air preheater (47) housing adopts flanging technology, reduces weld seam and guarantees sealing.Fume side air preheater body (48) adopts medium in pipe to be air, manages outer medium is the structure of high-temperature flue gas, body is arranged by reasonable computation, ensure that pipe surface temperature is higher than 160 DEG C, avoid the generation of acid dew piont corrosion phenomenon, and make heat transfer reach optimum regime by pitch reasonable in design and pipe sizes, quantity.
After preheating warm air by Cemented filling to the loose metal wind entrance (22) in the burner (1) in recirculating fluidized bed combustion system, air compartment (2), secondary air entrance (5) and fine particle biomass for fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel or the fluidized bed gasification reactor system of solid fossil fuel.
Composition graphs 1 and Fig. 5 explanation, the present embodiment ash processing system comprises: useless solid waste heat boiler (51), and useless solid waste heat boiler is provided with lime-ash entrance (52), hot water outlet (53), useless cold water inlet (54), hot air outlet (55), useless solid outlet (56), cool air inlet (57), the ash-removing mouth (13) of fume side secondary cyclone (12) bottom is positioned in lime-ash entrance (52) and recirculating fluidized bed combustion system, be positioned at the cinder-discharging port I (26) of primary cyclone (25) bottom, coal gas side in the fluidized bed gasification reactor system of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel and be positioned at the cinder-discharging port II (28) of secondary cyclone (27) bottom, coal gas side, the ash port I 35 of coal gas side superheater (32) in bootstrap system), coal gas side vaporizer (37) ash port II (40), the ash port III (45) of fume side vaporizer (42), the ash port IV (50) of fume side air preheater (47) passes through pipeline communication.After lime-ash enters useless solid waste heat boiler (51) by lime-ash entrance (52), heat exchange is carried out with the cold water entered by cold water inlet (54) and the freezing air that entered by cool air inlet (57), lime-ash after cooling is discharged by solid outlet (56) of giving up, and adds to pack after additive makes cement to transport in lime-ash.To be delivered to through hot water outlet (53) by the hot water after heating in the drum (30) in bootstrap system and again heat, to be delivered to through used heat air vout (55) by the warm air after heating in the air preheater (47) in bootstrap system and again heat.
Composition graphs 1 and Fig. 6 illustrate, the gasification gas purification system of the present embodiment comprises: coal gas side, fume side adopt identical cooling, desulfurizing gas wash tower (58) and the coal gas drying plant (78) of coal gas side respectively.
Concrete cooling, desulfurizing gas wash tower comprises: described cooling, desulfurizing gas wash tower (58) comprises gas inlet (59), first time spray (60), first time spray water loop exit (61), bottom sewage draining exit (62), second time spray (63), pallet I (65), top sewage draining exit (66), third time spray (68), pallet II (70), 4th spray (71), water separator (72), pneumatic outlet (74), a settling pocket (75), secondary settlement room (76), liming recycle pond (77), two gas inletes (59) pass through pipeline communication with the gas exit IV (39) of coal gas side vaporizer II (37) in bootstrap system and the exhanst gas outlet III (49) of fume side air preheater (47) respectively.
In the present embodiment, gas (coal gas 300 DEG C, flue gas 200 DEG C) enters cooling, desulfurizing gas wash tower (58) thus, successively by first time spray (60), second time spray (63), third time spray (68), the 4th spray (71), the gas (coal gas, flue gas) after spray carries out carbonated drink separation through water separator (72) again.
First time, spray water derived from first time spray water loop exit (61) of tower bottom, and second and third time spray water derives from liming recycle pond (77), and the 4th time spray water derives from cold water.
Pallet I (65) and pallet II (70) are made up of multi-hole orifice; the acidic substance such as H2SO4, HCL and part dust will be carried in gas (coal gas, flue gas) after second time spray; when by pallet I (65) pallet II (70) multi-hole orifice; acidic substance and macrobead can settle down, and play the effect of cooling depickling dedusting.Block for preventing pallet I (65), pallet II (70) and cleaning acidic substance, pallet I (65) top is provided with rinse water spray I (64), pallet II (70) top rinse water spray II (69), is used for irrigation tray.
Gas enters in water separation device (72) and is combined by multiple corrugated plate, and the moisture that gas (coal gas, flue gas) is contained by the inertia effect produced due to the change of air flow line during corrugated plate by gas (coal gas, flue gas) and dust separation also settle down.Water separation device (72) blocking and cleaning acidic substance are entered for preventing vapour, enter water separation device (72) top at vapour and be provided with rinse water spray III (73), be used for rinsing vapour and enter corrugated plate in water separation device (72).
The sewage part of water after spray and irrigation tray I (65), pallet II (70) and water separator (72) is finally transported to settling pocket (75) through bottom sewage draining exit (62), a part through top sewage draining exit (66), then arrive after secondary sedimentation is carried out in secondary settlement room (76) and be transported to liming recycle pond (77), by adding appropriate alkali lye and control the pH value (being alkaline) of spray water toward liming recycle pond (77) in; And in liming recycle pond (77), supplement cold water ensure there is the sufficient water yield in liming recycle pond (77).
After coal gas is discharged from cooling, desulfurizing gas wash tower (58) pneumatic outlet (74), the coal gas drying plant (78) arriving coal gas side carries out drying treatment, to ensure that coal gas has high heating value, improve gas quality, then flow to coal gas user and use.Flue gas meets emission standard and is transported to chimney discharged to air after discharging from cooling, desulfurizing gas wash tower (58) pneumatic outlet (74).
Claims (9)
1. the gasifying process system of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel, specifically comprise recirculating fluidized bed combustion system, the fluidized bed gasification reactor system of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel, bootstrap system, ash processing system and gasification Process Gas purification system, it is characterized in that: recirculating fluidized bed combustion system provides heat for the fluidized bed gasification reactor of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel, the fluidized bed gasification reactor of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel is between the cyclonic separator and material returning device of circulating fluidized bed combustion stove, and be connected to form double-fluidized-bed with circulating fluidized bed combustion stove, bootstrap system reclaims the coal gas of high temperature waste heat of the high-temperature flue gas waste heat of circulating fluidized bed combustion stove and the fluidized bed gasification reactor of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel by the waterpipe type waste heat boiler of vertical, and the high temperature super heated steam that bootstrap system produces is sent in the fluidized bed gasification reactor of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel as vaporized chemical.
2. the gasifying process system of a kind of fine particle biomass according to claim 1 or solid fossil fuel, it is characterized in that, described recirculating fluidized bed combustion system comprises burner (1), an air compartment (2), the horizontal air distribution plate I (3) of water-cooled, flat wind cap I (4), overfire air jet (5), returning charge pipeline (6), material returning device (7), be positioned at the loosening wind air compartment (8) of material returning device (7) bottom, be positioned at the material returning device returning charge entrance (9) at material returning device (7) top, fume side primary cyclone (10), be positioned at circulating ash outlet (11) of fume side primary cyclone (10) bottom, fume side secondary cyclone (12), be positioned at the ash-removing mouth (13) of fume side secondary cyclone (12) bottom, be positioned at the exhanst gas outlet I (14) on fume side secondary cyclone (12) top, under burner (1) is arranged in bed, startup heating unit is provided with in an air compartment (2), the flat wind cap I (4) of cloth elegance, the horizontal air distribution plate of water-cooled (3) I is fixed and the board-like wind cap I (4) of cooling flat, the forward and backward wall of burner hearth is arranged dipping type overfire air jet (5), material returning device (7) is connected with returning charge pipeline (6), described flat wind cap (4) is made up of heat-resistance stainless steel, and described fume side primary cyclone (10) and fume side secondary cyclone (12) all adopt jacket structured.
3. the gasifying process system of a kind of fine particle biomass according to claim 1 or solid fossil fuel, is characterized in that, described fine particle biomass or the fluidized bed gasification reactor system of solid fossil fuel comprise: reactor (15), circulating ash entrance (16), replenishment cycles ash entrance (17), material inlet (18), flat wind cap II (19), the horizontal air distribution plate II (20) of water-cooled, high-temperature steam entrance (21), loose metal wind entrance (22), returning charge outlet (23) of reactor, the gas exit I (24) of reactor (15), coal gas side primary cyclone (25), be positioned at the cinder-discharging port I (26) of primary cyclone (25) bottom, coal gas side, coal gas side secondary cyclone (27), be positioned at the cinder-discharging port II (28) of secondary cyclone (27) bottom, coal gas side, be positioned at the gas exit II (29) on secondary cyclone (27) top, coal gas side, air distribution plate adopts flat wind cap II (19), the horizontal air distribution plate of water-cooled II (20) is fixed and the board-like wind cap II (19) of cooling flat, the circulating ash entrance (16) of reactor exports (11) by pipeline communication with the circulating ash being positioned at fume side primary cyclone (10) bottom, and returning charge outlet (23) of reactor is connected by pipeline with the material returning device returning charge entrance (9) being positioned at material returning device (7) top, described flat wind cap (19) is made up of heat-resistance stainless steel.
4. the gasifying process system of a kind of fine particle biomass according to claim 1 or solid fossil fuel, it is characterized in that, described bootstrap system comprises: drum (30), coal gas side superheater (32), coal gas side vaporizer (37), fume side vaporizer (42), fume side air preheater (47), the gas entry I (31) of coal gas side superheater (32) is communicated with by pipeline with the gas exit II (29) on secondary cyclone (27) top, fluidized bed gasification reactor system coal gas side being arranged in fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel, the gas exit III (34) of coal gas side superheater (32) passes through pipeline communication with the gas entry II (36) of coal gas side vaporizer (37), the exhanst gas outlet I (14) being positioned at fume side secondary cyclone (12) top in the smoke inlet I (41) of fume side vaporizer (42) and recirculating fluidized bed combustion system passes through pipeline communication, the gas exit III (34) of coal gas side superheater (32) and the gas entry (36) of coal gas side vaporizer II (37), the smoke inlet II (46) of fume side air preheater (47) passes through pipeline communication with the exhanst gas outlet II (44) of fume side vaporizer (42).
5. the gasifying process system of a kind of fine particle biomass according to claim 1 or solid fossil fuel, it is characterized in that, described ash processing system comprises: useless solid waste heat boiler (51), and useless solid waste heat boiler is provided with lime-ash entrance (52), hot water outlet (53), useless cold water inlet (54), hot air outlet (55), useless solid outlet (56), cool air inlet (57), the ash-removing mouth (13) of fume side secondary cyclone (12) bottom is positioned in lime-ash entrance (52) and recirculating fluidized bed combustion system, be positioned at the cinder-discharging port I (26) of primary cyclone (25) bottom, coal gas side in the fluidized bed gasification reactor system of fine particle biomass or solid fossil fuel and be positioned at the cinder-discharging port II (28) of secondary cyclone (27) bottom, coal gas side, the ash port I 35 of coal gas side superheater (32) in bootstrap system), coal gas side vaporizer (37) ash port II (40), the ash port III (45) of fume side vaporizer (42), the ash port IV (50) of fume side air preheater (47) passes through pipeline communication.
6. the gasifying process system of a kind of fine particle biomass according to claim 1 or solid fossil fuel, it is characterized in that, described gasification gas purification system comprises: coal gas side, fume side adopt identical cooling, desulfurizing gas wash tower (58) and the coal gas drying plant (78) of coal gas side respectively.
7. the gasifying process system of a kind of fine particle biomass according to claim 4 or solid fossil fuel, it is characterized in that, in described drum (30), be provided with rational feeding apparatus, chemicals dosing plant, continuous blow off equipment, liquid-level monitoring device, drum pressure watching device and overpressure protection apparatus; The housing of coal gas side superheater (32), coal gas side vaporizer (37), fume side vaporizer (42) and fume side air preheater (47) all adopts flanging technology; Described coal gas side superheater body (33) have employed sinuous coil convection heating surface, be made by high-temperature alloy steel, sinuous coil the top two array of pipes is furnished with wearing-resistant tile, and middle part, coal gas side superheater body (33) is provided with convection-type desuperheater; Described coal gas side evaporator body (38) and fume side evaporator body (43) all adopt angle of inclination to be the convection tubes group of 10 °, every three tubule groups are communicated with composition bassoon group by header, and the top two array of pipes of each tubule group is furnished with wearing-resistant tile.
8. the gasifying process system of a kind of fine particle biomass according to claim 6 or solid fossil fuel, it is characterized in that, described cooling, desulfurizing gas wash tower (58) comprises gas inlet (59), first time spray (60), first time spray water loop exit (61), bottom sewage draining exit (62), second time spray (63), pallet I (65), top sewage draining exit (66), third time spray (68), pallet II (70), 4th spray (71), water separator (72), pneumatic outlet (74), a settling pocket (75), secondary settlement room (76), liming recycle pond (77), two gas inletes (59) pass through pipeline communication with the gas exit IV (39) of coal gas side vaporizer II (37) in bootstrap system and the exhanst gas outlet III (49) of fume side air preheater (47) respectively.
9. the gasifying process system of a kind of fine particle biomass according to claim 8 or solid fossil fuel, it is characterized in that, described pallet I (65) and pallet II (70) are made up of multi-hole orifice, pallet I (65) top is provided with rinse water spray I (64), pallet II (70) top rinse water spray II (69); Described third time spray (68) is provided with Venturi tube (67); Described vapour enters in water separation device (72) has multiple corrugated plate to combine, and vapour enters water separation device (72) top and is provided with rinse water spray III (73).
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Effective date of registration: 20170120 Address after: 116000 30-1 District, Ganjingzi, Liaoning, spring D4 District No. Patentee after: Dalian Kelin Energy Engineering Technology Development Co., Ltd. Address before: 116000 30-1 District, Ganjingzi, Liaoning, spring D4 District No. Patentee before: Yu Chuanlin |