CN104447897A - Method for extracting kaki tannin from kaki - Google Patents
Method for extracting kaki tannin from kaki Download PDFInfo
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- CN104447897A CN104447897A CN201410795875.5A CN201410795875A CN104447897A CN 104447897 A CN104447897 A CN 104447897A CN 201410795875 A CN201410795875 A CN 201410795875A CN 104447897 A CN104447897 A CN 104447897A
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- persimmon
- tannin
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- kaki
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- 244000236655 Diospyros kaki Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 235000008597 Diospyros kaki Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 235000011511 Diospyros Nutrition 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 claims description 10
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 claims description 10
- 108010029182 Pectin lyase Proteins 0.000 claims description 10
- 108010059820 Polygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000002525 ultrasonication Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 150000008442 polyphenolic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- RNKMOGIPOMVCHO-SJMVAQJGSA-N 1,3,6-trigalloyl glucose Chemical compound C([C@@H]1[C@H]([C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@H](OC(=O)C=2C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O1)OC(=O)C=1C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=1)O)OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 RNKMOGIPOMVCHO-SJMVAQJGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-O-galloyl-3,6-(R)-HHDP-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1C(O2)COC(=O)C3=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C3C3=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=C3C(=O)OC1C(O)C2OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 TUSDEZXZIZRFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001263 FEMA 3042 Substances 0.000 description 2
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N Penta-digallate-beta-D-glucose Natural products OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-PPKXGCFTSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N catechol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1O YCIMNLLNPGFGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N tannic acid Chemical compound OC1=C(O)C(O)=CC(C(=O)OC=2C(=C(O)C=C(C=2)C(=O)OC[C@@H]2[C@H]([C@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)[C@@H](OC(=O)C=3C=C(OC(=O)C=4C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=4)C(O)=C(O)C=3)O2)OC(=O)C=2C=C(OC(=O)C=3C=C(O)C(O)=C(O)C=3)C(O)=C(O)C=2)O)=C1 LRBQNJMCXXYXIU-NRMVVENXSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940033123 tannic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000015523 tannic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002258 tannic acid Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002137 ultrasound extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000792913 Ebenaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003260 anti-sepsis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001153 anti-wrinkle effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019606 astringent taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000021028 berry Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003020 moisturizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000008935 nutritious Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021422 persimmon vinegar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003405 preventing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006916 protein interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003384 small molecules Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019640 taste Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
- Preparation Of Fruits And Vegetables (AREA)
- Compounds Of Unknown Constitution (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting kaki tannin from kaki. The method comprises the following steps of treating raw materials, carrying out ultrahigh-pressure treatment, carrying out ultrasonic treatment, carrying out enzymolysis and drying, thereby obtaining a finished product. According to the method, two extraction manners are combined, so that the extracting time is shortened on one hand, and the product yield is increased on the other hand.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of extracting method of persimmon tannin, be specifically related to a kind of method extracting persimmon tannin from persimmon.
Background technology
Persimmon is Ebenaceae berry fruit temperate zone deciduous fruit tree, originates in China, has the plantation history of more than 1,000 year in China.Current China cultivated area is maximum, and persimmon fruit output is maximum.The tender succulence of persimmon, sweetness are tasty and refreshing, nutritious.Have sweet persimmon and puckery persimmon two kinds, puckery persimmon not directly eats, and needs through taking away the puckery taste process.Sweet persimmon can be eaten raw, and also can cook dried persimmon, persimmon vinegar, persimmon wine etc., persimmon leaf can cook persimmon tea.Persimmon contains a large amount of tannin.Tannin is tannic acid again, is a kind of polymkeric substance of polyphenol, is a kind of to be polymerized polyphenol polymer by catechol etc., and the phenolic hydroxyl group containing many ortho positions, thus has many functions.Seguin defined a buzzword Tannin (tannin) and represents in vegetation water extractive substance rawhide can be made to be converted into the chemical composition of leather in 1796.Recognized gradually by research afterwards, what can produce tanning effect in plant extractive substance is a series of polyphenolic compounds, and the molecular weight of its effective constituent is between 500-3000.Tannin is also known as tannic acid, faint yellow last without crystalline flour to light brown, belongs to the complex compound of multi-phenol.Vegatable tannin is renamed as again plant polyphenol (plant polyphonies), be namely present in persimmon fruit and make it be that the aldehydes matter of astringent taste is called persimmon tannin (kaki tannin).Persimmon tannin has sun-proof moisturizing, anti-wrinkle cosmetic, antisepsis and sterilization, preventing cardiovascular disease, adsorbing metal ions and and the various functions such as protein interaction.
At present, persimmon tannin is mainly derived from natural extract or chemosynthesis.Extract traditional common method of persimmon tannin and mainly contain that acid is carried, alkali is carried and water extraction etc., wherein in the majority with hot water extraction, acid, alkaline extraction all can destroy the structure of persimmon tannin, also can have an impact to the content of sulfate radical simultaneously; And the extraction yield of hot water extraction is general lower, be difficult to meet Production requirement.General after water or ethanol-extracted, will through serial flow processs such as sufficient absorption, drip washing, wash-outs after extracting solution concentrating under reduced pressure, particularly need with distilled water repeatedly drip washing to elutant phend-sulphuric acid inspection do not measure sugar, operating process is loaded down with trivial details, otherwise because persimmon tannin concentrated solution sugary part ratio is too high in later stage drying process, drying machine " sticky wall " is serious, cannot reach dry materials pulverized solid.Chinese patent CN102229628B, disclose a kind of method producing persimmon tannin from persimmon, persimmon screen through cleaning, squeezes the juice, add yeast Concentrated fermentation, ultrasonic-leaching, concentrate, drying obtains Weibull product, although without the need to high temperature in production process, without the need to serial flow processs such as absorption, drip washing, wash-outs, by adding the sugar in yeast fermentation decomposing materials, do not destroy the effective ingredient of facile hydrolysis or oxidation characteristic, but obtain the content of product and yield lower.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, avoiding long heat in the leaching process of persimmon tannin, causing tannin oxidized, affect the yield of the finished product, the invention provides a kind of method extracting persimmon tannin from persimmon.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
From persimmon, extract a method for persimmon tannin, comprise the steps:
1) Feedstock treating: by seven or eight points of ripe persimmon cleanings, broken;
2) uhp treatment: the pure water adding 5-10 times of weight part in the persimmon after fragmentation, pressure 350MPa, operative temperature 40-50 DEG C, uhp treatment 2-5min;
3) ultrasonication: by step 2) obtain solution, ultrasonication 5-10min, operative temperature 40-50 DEG C, power is 300W;
4) enzymolysis: step 3) solution that obtains, be placed in sealing and fermenting tank, add activated polygalacturonase, apple amylase, pectin lyase prozyme carry out enzymolysis, enzymolysis time is 20-30 minute, hydrolysis temperature is 43-45 DEG C, the weight ratio of polygalacturonase, apple amylase, pectin lyase is 5:3:2, and prozyme add-on is 40-80mg/kg;
5) by step 4) enzymolysis solution that obtains is concentrated after filtering, and spraying dry obtains persimmon tannin.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the present invention adopts uhp treatment persimmon raw material, for some time is kept in predetermined pressure, raw cell external and internal pressure is made to reach balance (effective constituent reaches dissolution equilibrium) release rapidly afterwards, intraor extracellular osmotic pressure difference is increased suddenly, intracellular effective constituent is through cytolemma (structure of cytolemma changes under ultra-high voltage), transfer in extracellular extracting solution, reach the object extracting target component.Ultra high pressure extraction avoids the reduction of the change of the effective constituent caused because of long-time high temperature, loss and physiologically active, simultaneously because ultra-high voltage carries out under airtight environment, does not have the volatilization of solvent, can not to environment.It is a kind of method extracting active substance safely and effectively.
2, the present invention is after employing uhp treatment raw material, then ultrasonic extraction is adopted again, what ultrasonic extraction utilized is strong mechanical shearing effect, promote the stripping of persimmon tannin, the present invention, by the combination of employing two kinds of extracting modes, shortens extraction time on the one hand, improve product yield on the other hand, adopt method of the present invention, persimmon tannin content more than 95%, extraction yield more than 75%.
3, the present invention carries out prozyme process to persimmon extracting liquid, fully can decompose the sugar in persimmon, makes macromolecular substance fragment into small molecules composition.
4, present invention, avoiding the serial flow processs such as column chromatography, absorption, drip washing, wash-out, glucide is decomposed by prozyme, and after extracting solution concentrating under reduced pressure, Direct spraying is dry, and operation is simple.
Embodiment
With embodiment, the invention will be further described below, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment 1:
From persimmon, extract a method for persimmon tannin, comprise the steps:
1) Feedstock treating: by persimmon ripe for 10kg seven or eight points cleaning, fragmentation;
2) uhp treatment: the pure water adding 50kg in the persimmon after fragmentation, pressure 350MPa, operative temperature 50 DEG C, uhp treatment 2min;
3) ultrasonication: by step 2) obtain solution, ultrasonication 8min, operative temperature 40 DEG C, power is 300W;
4) enzymolysis: step 3) solution that obtains, be placed in sealing and fermenting tank, add activated polygalacturonase, apple amylase, pectin lyase prozyme carry out enzymolysis, enzymolysis time is 30 minutes, hydrolysis temperature is 44 DEG C, the weight ratio of polygalacturonase, apple amylase, pectin lyase is 5:3:2, and prozyme add-on is 80mg/kg;
5) by step 4) enzymolysis solution that obtains is concentrated after filtering, and spraying dry obtains persimmon tannin.
Embodiment 2:
From persimmon, extract a method for persimmon tannin, comprise the steps:
1) Feedstock treating: by persimmon ripe for 10kg seven or eight points cleaning, fragmentation;
2) uhp treatment: the pure water adding 100kg in the persimmon after fragmentation, pressure 350MPa, operative temperature 40 DEG C, uhp treatment 5min;
3) ultrasonication: by step 2) obtain solution, ultrasonication 5min, operative temperature 45 DEG C, power is 300W;
4) enzymolysis: step 3) solution that obtains, be placed in sealing and fermenting tank, add activated polygalacturonase, apple amylase, pectin lyase prozyme carry out enzymolysis, enzymolysis time is 20 minutes, hydrolysis temperature is 45 DEG C, the weight ratio of polygalacturonase, apple amylase, pectin lyase is 5:3:2, and prozyme add-on is 60mg/kg;
5) by step 4) enzymolysis solution that obtains is concentrated after filtering, and spraying dry obtains persimmon tannin.
Embodiment 3:
From persimmon, extract a method for persimmon tannin, comprise the steps:
1) Feedstock treating: by persimmon ripe for 10kg seven or eight points cleaning, fragmentation;
2) uhp treatment: the pure water adding 80kg in the persimmon after fragmentation, pressure 350MPa, operative temperature 45 DEG C, uhp treatment 3min;
3) ultrasonication: by step 2) obtain solution, ultrasonication 10min, operative temperature 50 DEG C, power is 300W;
4) enzymolysis: step 3) solution that obtains, be placed in sealing and fermenting tank, add activated polygalacturonase, apple amylase, pectin lyase prozyme carry out enzymolysis, enzymolysis time is 25 minutes, hydrolysis temperature is 45 DEG C, the weight ratio of polygalacturonase, apple amylase, pectin lyase is 5:3:2, and prozyme add-on is 40mg/kg;
5) by step 4) enzymolysis solution that obtains is concentrated after filtering, and spraying dry obtains persimmon tannin.
Result:
Claims (1)
1. from persimmon, extract a method for persimmon tannin, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
1) Feedstock treating: by seven or eight points of ripe persimmon cleanings, broken;
2) uhp treatment: the pure water adding 5-10 times of weight part in the persimmon after fragmentation, pressure 350MPa, operative temperature 40-50 DEG C, uhp treatment 2-5min;
3) ultrasonication: by step 2) obtain solution, ultrasonication 5-10min, operative temperature 40-50 DEG C, power is 300W;
4) enzymolysis: step 3) solution that obtains, be placed in sealing and fermenting tank, add activated polygalacturonase, apple amylase, pectin lyase prozyme carry out enzymolysis, enzymolysis time is 20-30 minute, hydrolysis temperature is 43-45 DEG C, the weight ratio of polygalacturonase, apple amylase, pectin lyase is 5:3:2, and prozyme add-on is 40-80mg/kg;
5) by step 4) enzymolysis solution that obtains is concentrated after filtering, and spraying dry obtains persimmon tannin.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410795875.5A CN104447897B (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2014-12-19 | A kind of method that persimmon tannin is extracted from persimmon |
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| CN201410795875.5A CN104447897B (en) | 2014-12-19 | 2014-12-19 | A kind of method that persimmon tannin is extracted from persimmon |
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| CN104447897A true CN104447897A (en) | 2015-03-25 |
| CN104447897B CN104447897B (en) | 2017-06-06 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104774228A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-07-15 | 桂林得坤生物科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing persimmon tannin from persimmon |
| CN104788511A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-07-22 | 桂林得坤生物科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing persimmon tannins with high micromolecular tannin content from persimmons |
| CN105624201A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-06-01 | 常州大学 | Process for preparing natural green persimmon dye based on bacillus subtilis fermentation method and application of obtained dye |
| CN106380495A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-02-08 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Method for continuous extraction of tannin and pectin from persimmon peel |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104774228A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-07-15 | 桂林得坤生物科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing persimmon tannin from persimmon |
| CN104788511A (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2015-07-22 | 桂林得坤生物科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing persimmon tannins with high micromolecular tannin content from persimmons |
| CN104774228B (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2017-08-01 | 桂林得坤生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method that persimmon tannin is prepared from persimmon |
| CN104788511B (en) * | 2015-03-31 | 2017-10-31 | 桂林得坤生物科技股份有限公司 | A kind of method of persimmon tannin from persimmon more than preparation small molecule tannin content |
| CN105624201A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-06-01 | 常州大学 | Process for preparing natural green persimmon dye based on bacillus subtilis fermentation method and application of obtained dye |
| CN106380495A (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2017-02-08 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | Method for continuous extraction of tannin and pectin from persimmon peel |
| CN106380495B (en) * | 2016-08-15 | 2019-05-21 | 中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 | The method of tannin and pectin is continuously extracted from Pericarpium Kaki |
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| CN104447897B (en) | 2017-06-06 |
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