CN104446533B - A kind of bauxite frit and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of bauxite frit and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104446533B CN104446533B CN201410613620.2A CN201410613620A CN104446533B CN 104446533 B CN104446533 B CN 104446533B CN 201410613620 A CN201410613620 A CN 201410613620A CN 104446533 B CN104446533 B CN 104446533B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of bauxite frit and preparation method thereof, this frit comprises alundum (Al2O3) and mineralogical composition, and described mineralogical composition comprises corundum and aluminium titanates; The preparation method of this bauxite frit comprises the following steps: step 1, fine aluminum alumina raw is carried out light-burned; Step 2, melting: the raw material after step 1 is light-burned is broken for to the particle of 0～15mm particle diameter, the material after fragmentation is carried out to melting; Step 3, cooling: by after melting with below certain speed melt cooling to 800 DEG C. Owing to not adding any additive, be that natural fine aluminum alumina melts-solidify physical process, in raw material, not containing meeting the decomposable carbide of water, solve brown corundum or alumina corundum and met particle water pulverizing problem; The porosity is far below fused white corundum compared with fused white corundum, and with the product of its production, density high porosity is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-temperature structural material industry, particularly a kind of aluminium of refractory products production and applicationAlumina frit and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
2014, Henan Hong Ran Aluminum Co., Ltd established " Jia Jiawa eastern section, Mianchi, Henan fine aluminum alumSoil develops " research project, entrust Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology to complete. Jia Jiawa eastern section, Mianchi, HenanGenus Asia, ore deposit fine aluminum bauxite mine, alumina content reaches as high as 93%-94%, and iron oxide content is lower than 1%,Potassium oxide and sodium oxide molybdena resultant, lower than 0.2%, belong to the rare money of high-quality of high alumina, low iron, low potassium sodium contentSource, and alumina content to be greater than 90% raw ore accounting higher.
China is refractory material big producing country, and 3,000 ten thousand tons of left and right of annual production, account for whole world total output2/3rds, product is taking sial system and magnesia refractories as main. Along with electrolytic aluminium raw material in recent years-The quick raising of alumina powder manufacturing enterprise quantity and output, bauxite ore is substantially by institute of Chinalco ridgeDisconnected, the required fine aluminum alumina of refractory material resource critical shortage. Alumina powder is produced required bauxite moneySource, it is main that what consider is alumina content, alumina silica ratio value, consideration be the difficulty that aluminium oxide separates from ore depositEasily degree and recovery rate, to iron oxide, potassium oxide and sodium oxide content without too high requirement. And as resistance toThe bauxite of fire raw material, consideration be mainly its high-temperature behavior, require alumina content to want high, aluminium oxideContent is higher, and refractoriness is higher; Strong flux is as low especially in the content of iron oxide, potassium oxide and sodium oxide molybdena,The amount of liquid phase generating under high temperature is few, and viscosity is large, and high-temperature behavior is good; Secondly, in order to improve resistance performance of slag corrosionCan, require the bulk density of raw material higher, the porosity is better lower. Therefore, as the aluminium of refractory raw materialAlumina requires high, and the quality raw materials that meet the demands are less. Along with alumina powder manufacturing enterprise quantity and outputQuick raising, the monopolization of Chinalco to bauxite ore, the exploitation of bauxite ore increases fast, oxidationProduction of aluminum powder, electrolytic aluminium occur superfluous, and the price of alumina powder is per ton less than 2600 yuan; On the other handThe resource exhaustion of the required fine aluminum alumina of refractory material, the bauxite clinker of alumina content 88%, 90%, 92%Price per ton has reached respectively 2000 yuan, 3000 yuan and 3300 yuan of left and right, and its main cause is to utilizeLarge more than 99.8% alumina powder of alumina content is as raw material and utilize alumina content to reach 90% left sideThe refractory material that right natural bauxite grog is made is in the difficulty or ease journey of performance, institutional framework and production technologyOn degree, have certain difference, the latter has certain advantage.
Produce high-grade refractory material, must have quality refractory raw material. Select quality refractory raw material preferentialSelect natural fine aluminum bauxite clinker, also optionally get fused white corundum, brown corundum, alumina corundum, causeClose corundum and sintering plate corundum, also have development in recent years high alumina homogenization material faster. Raw material is examined in choosingThe principal element one of considering is to reach basic instructions for use, the 2nd, cost performance.
Fused white corundum, compact alumina and the sintering plate corundum sold are in the market with alumina powderFor raw material, the subject matter that fused white corundum exists is that the porosity is high, bulk density is low, can be used as littleGrain or fine powder raw material; Fine and close electro-corundum production technology is more complicated, energy consumption is high, and price is white far above electric smeltingCorundum; Sintering plate corundum is to adopt pure zirconia aluminium powder, and not doping, by being rapidly heated, fastThe product burning till in 1800 DEG C of left and right of lowering the temperature, price is the highest. Palm fibre corundum, alumina corundum are with aluminium alumSoil is raw material, by adding powdered carbon and iron filings, passes through carbothermic reduction reaction desiliconization, first by oxygen under high temperatureSiClx is reduced to elemental silicon, and elemental silicon generates ferrosilicon with the iron filings of fusing again, utilizes the appearance of ferrosilicon and corundumThe method of double differences is different separates the two, and top is brown corundum or alumina corundum. Palm fibre corundum, alumina corundum,Even comprise that greatest problem that fine and close electro-corundum exists in using is while smelting under strongly reducing atmosphere, generatesMeet the decomposable carbide of water, after aquation, generate nascent state oxidation aluminium and methane, particle efflorescence, seriousRestrict its application in castable.
Development in recent years faster high alumina homogenization material is taking fine aluminum alumina as raw material, and raw material is equal through fine grindingChange, be pressed into waste base, then through high-temperature calcination, make bulk density ripe much larger than the alumina of raw ore dinectly bruningMaterial, its bulk density can reach 3.50g/cm3. The subject matter existing in use is raw alumina contentTime not up to standard, mix alumina powder, material performance is not as good as the natural bauxite grog with the trade mark; Small product sizeDensity is lower, and after calcining, volume is unstable, occurs causing larger contraction between segmentation and particle in useThere is crackle, segmentation and particle separation, slag resistance declines, and reduce service life.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of bauxite frit and preparation method thereof, adopts natural preferred aluminium alumSoil raw material, does not add any additive, by the control of smelting process, smelting technology condition, has producedNatural fine aluminum alumina frit, the performance of this bauxite frit is better than fused white corundum, brown corundum, aluminaCorundum and high alumina homogenization material.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention takes following technical solution:
A kind of bauxite frit, this frit comprises alundum (Al2O3) and mineralogical composition, described mineralogical compositionComprise corundum and aluminium titanates.
Further, the quality percentage composition of described alundum (Al2O3) is 92%～93%, described mineralIn composition, the quality percentage composition of corundum is 88%～90%, the quality of aluminium titanates in described mineralogical compositionPercentage composition is 7%～9%, and the particle volume density of bauxite frit is 3.82～3.86g/cm3。
The preparation method of described bauxite frit, this preparation method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, light-burned preferred bauxite raw material: preferred bauxite raw material is placed on to 1000～1050 DEG CShaft furnace in calcine, until preferably the dehydration rate of bauxite raw material is 95%～100%, will be light-burned rear preferredBauxite raw material is broken for the particle of 0～15mm particle diameter;
Step 2, electrode melting: the material after fragmentation in step 1 is carried out to electrode melting, electrode voltageBe 115～160v, melting cycle is not more than 4 hours, and melt temperature is 2030～2050 DEG C;
Step 3, cooling: by below the melt cooling to 800 after electrode melting DEG C.
Further, calculate by mass percentage, described light-burned rear preferred bauxite raw material comprises SiO2：1.50％～2.50％、Al2O3：91.50％～92.50％、Fe2O3：0.45％～0.80％、CaO：0.10％～0.25％，MgO：0.15％～0.30％、K2O：0.08％～0.12％、Na2O:0.01%～0.03% andTiO2: 3.80%～4.80%, igloss≤1.25%.
Further, the described slow cooling technique that is cooled to, in slow cooling technique, the capacity of condensate pans is 16 tons,Cooling water flow in condensate pans in water cooling tube is 1t/h, 36 hours cooling cycles.
Further, the described rapid cooling technique that is cooled to, in rapid cooling technique, the capacity of condensate pans is 16 tons,In condensate pans, the inflow temperature of water cooling tube is not higher than 50 DEG C, and in condensate pans, in water cooling tube, the flow of water is not littleIn 3t/h, 18 hours cooling cycles.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) bauxite frit of the present invention is lower than fused white corundum density high porosity, with brown corundum orAlumina corundum is compared, and does not add carbon dust, does not have reduction process, and carbides-free generates, and does not have chance waterThe harm of efflorescence and the explosion of generation methane gas;
(2) compared with high alumina homogenization material, but its bulk density can reach 3.82～3.86g/cm3, in useThere is not the larger contraction of appearance, cause between segmentation and particle and occur crackle, segmentation and the showing of particle separationResemble.
(3) the present invention adopts natural preferred bauxite, does not add any additive, by smelting process,The control of smelting technology condition, has produced natural fine aluminum alumina frit, and natural fine aluminum alumina frit existsUnder identical alumina content condition, bulk density is much larger than alumina calcination of chamotte and homogenization material; Owing to not addingAdding any additive, is that natural fine aluminum alumina melts-solidify physical process, in raw material, does not contain and meets waterDecomposable carbide, has solved brown corundum or alumina corundum and has met particle water pulverizing problem; White with electric smeltingCorundum is compared the porosity far below fused white corundum, and with the product of its production, density high porosity is low.
(4) the present invention, by the control to process for cooling, has realized under different process for cooling conditions and having obtainedTo different products, so not only simplify production technology and can obtain by different cooling approach simultaneouslyDifferent products, has met the requirement of product diversification, enhances productivity.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is preparation method's flow chart of embodiment.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Detailed description of the invention
The particle volume density of bauxite frit of the present invention is: by fire-resistant in GB/T2999-2002The standard-required of material granule volume density test method is measured, and bauxite frit is crushed toIts particle volume density of 2.0～5.6mm particle detection.
Preferred bauxite raw material of the present invention refers to by quality percentage composition alumina content and isMore than 91.5%, iron oxide content lower than 0.80% and potassium oxide and sodium oxide molybdena total amount lower than 0.2% aluminium alumSoil raw material.
In slow cooling technique of the present invention, the capacity of condensate pans is 16 tons, in condensate pans in water cooling tubeCooling water flow is 1t/h, 36 hours cooling cycles of slow cooling technique.
In rapid cooling technique of the present invention, the capacity of condensate pans is 16 tons, and in condensate pans, water cooling tube entersCoolant-temperature gage is not higher than 50 DEG C, and in condensate pans, in water cooling tube, the flow of water is not less than 3t/h, rapid cooling technique18 hours cooling cycles.
Through inventor, the series of experiment research of broken particle diameter is shown, light-burned rear raw material is broken for 15mmLeft and right particle time carry out melting, the bauxite frit obtaining is best in quality. Light-burned rear particle size after cracking is meticulous,Airborne dust in fusion process, significant loss are larger; Light-burned rear broken kernel is spent slightly, and what the melting initial stage formed lacksAmount liquid phase enters raw material space, is difficult to form starting the arc molten bath, therefore the raw material after light-burned is broken for to 15mmFollowing particle carries out melting.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.
Preferred bauxite raw material used in following examples is from Henan Hong Ran Aluminum Co., Ltd, by matterThe alumina content of amount percentage calculation this preferred bauxite raw material is 93%～94%, iron oxide content is lowIn 0.8% and the total amount of potassium oxide and sodium oxide molybdena lower than 0.2%, this preferred bauxite raw material is high alumina, lowThe bauxite raw material of iron, low potassium sodium content;
Embodiment mono-: the electric furnace that the present embodiment uses is dumping furnace, and the rated power of this electric furnace is22500KW, the rated capacity of this electric furnace is 20 tons. With reference to figure 1, the preparation technology of this embodiment is:
Step 1: by preferred bauxite raw material through 1020 DEG C light-burned in shaft furnace, until raw material dehydration rate is largeIn 99.5%, the raw material after light-burned, through jaw crushing crusher machine, is crossed 15mm sieve, light-burned rear aluminium after testingAlumina raw chemical composition is (wt%): SiO2：2.28，Al2O3：92.04，Fe2O3：0.51，CaO：0.18，MgO：0.14，K2O：0.10，Na2O：0.02，TiO2: 4.10, igloss: 0.63;
Step 2: the light-burned material after fragmentation is not added to any additive and enter electro-smelting, smelting technology barPart is: adding the light-burned material after fragmentation is stationary furnace shop fixtures, and addition accounts for 1/2nd of total addition,Lay starting the arc carbon-point, electrode declines and connects with starting the arc carbon-point, then adds the raw material of total addition 1/4th,Pass into 160v voltage to electrode the raw material in stationary furnace is carried out to preheating, after the starting the arc, reduce gradually voltage extremely115v, in the time occurring that molten bath expands fast, progressively improves electric furnace input power and reaches stationary furnace rated power80% add surplus stock when above, until the raw material in electric furnace is except near all molten the part of furnace wallChange, in molten bath, melt reaches after rated capacity, mentions the decarburization of electrode long arc melting;
Whole melting cycle is not more than 4 hours, the melting cycle of the present embodiment is actual be 3 hours 50 pointsKind; Liquation can not be seriously overheated is that liquation can not exceed 50 DEG C of the high melting temperatures of surveyed raw material, this realityThe high melting temperature actual measurement of executing preferred bauxite raw material used in example is 1980 DEG C, in the present embodimentMelt temperature can not exceed 2030 DEG C; Infrared measurement of temperature terminal is no more than 2050 DEG C, the present embodiment redOuter thermometric terminal actual measurement is 2030 DEG C; The high melt stage is no more than 40 minutes, the high temperature of the present embodimentSmelt stage actual measurement is 40 minutes, otherwise when melt condensation, is prone to honeycomb-like pores, body in fritLong-pending density reduces;
Step 3: after having smelted, the melt in electric furnace is poured onto on condensate pans to the bottom of condensate pansWith water cooling tube, the capacity of condensate pans is 16 tons (referring to melt bearing capacity), the cooling water flow in water cooling tubeAmount is 1t/h, 36 hours cooling cycles; In electric furnace, can remain the melt of 1/5th volumes, for connectingContinuous production technology, directly the reinforced continuation of power transmission melting, increases work efficiency.
The A product of preparing by embodiment 1 technique, the physical and chemical index detecting by GB/T2999-2002 is:Particle volume density 3.82g/cm3, Al after testing2O3Quality percentage composition be 92.73%, mineralogical compositionThe quality percentage composition of middle corundum is 88%, and in mineralogical composition, the quality percentage composition of aluminium titanates is 7%, ore depositIn thing composition, the quality percentage composition of Rutile Type is less than 1%.
The bulk of cooled the present embodiment step 3 bauxite frit is directly cut to 40 × 40 × 40mmCube sample piece, the bulk density that detects this sample piece reaches 3.84g/cm3; Homogenizing with same alumina contentMaterial piece material bulk density (3.51g/cm3) compare, bulk density has improved approximately 10%.
Embodiment bis-: the electric furnace that the present embodiment uses is dumping furnace, and the rated power of this electric furnace is22500KW, the rated capacity of this electric furnace is 20 tons.
With reference to figure 1, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment mono-is:
Step 3: after having smelted, the melt in electric furnace is poured onto on condensate pans to the bottom of condensate pansWith water cooling tube, the capacity of condensate pans is 16 tons (referring to melt bearing capacity), and the inflow temperature of water cooling tube is notHigher than 50 DEG C, in water cooling tube, the flow of water is not less than 3t/h, 18 hours cooling cycles, frit 5 hoursWithin 50 minutes, rear surface temperature is 800 DEG C, and (aluminium titanates is at 800～1280 DEG C to have stoped the decomposition of aluminium titanatesIn temperature range, decompose).
The B product of preparing by embodiment 2 techniques, detects its physical and chemical index by GB/T2999-2002 and is:Particle volume density 3.86g/cm3, Al after testing2O3Quality percentage composition be 92.73%, mineralogical compositionThe quality percentage composition of middle corundum is 90%, and in mineralogical composition, the quality percentage composition of aluminium titanates is 9%, ore depositIn thing composition, have no Rutile Type.
Claims (5)
1. a bauxite frit, is characterized in that, this frit comprises alundum (Al2O3) and mineralogical composition,Described mineralogical composition comprises corundum and aluminium titanates;
The quality percentage composition of described alundum (Al2O3) is 92%～93%, corundum in described mineralogical compositionQuality percentage composition be 88%～90%, in described mineralogical composition, the quality percentage composition of aluminium titanates is7%～9%, the particle volume density of bauxite frit is 3.82～3.86g/cm3。
2. the preparation method of the frit of bauxite described in claim 1, is characterized in that this preparation sideMethod comprises the following steps:
Step 1, light-burned preferred bauxite raw material: preferred bauxite raw material is placed on to 1000～1050 DEG CShaft furnace in calcine, until preferably the dehydration rate of bauxite raw material is 95%～100%, will be light-burned rear preferredBauxite raw material is broken for the particle of 0～15mm particle diameter;
Step 2, electrode melting: the material after fragmentation in step 1 is carried out to electrode melting, electrode voltageBe 115～160V, melting cycle is not more than 4 hours, and melt temperature is 2030～2050 DEG C;
Step 3, cooling: by below the melt cooling to 800 after electrode melting DEG C.
3. the preparation method of bauxite frit as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, by qualityPercentage calculation, described light-burned rear preferred bauxite raw material comprises SiO2：1.50％～2.50％、Al2O3：91.50％～92.50％、Fe2O3：0.45％～0.80％、CaO：0.10％～0.25％，MgO：0.15％～0.30％、K2O：0.08％～0.12％、Na2O:0.01%～0.03% and TiO2：3.80％～4.80％，Igloss≤1.25%.
4. the preparation method of bauxite frit as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, describedBe cooled to slow cooling technique, in slow cooling technique, the capacity of condensate pans is 16 tons, in condensate pans in water cooling tubeCooling water flow is 1t/h, 36 hours cooling cycles.
5. the preparation method of bauxite frit as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, describedBe cooled to rapid cooling technique, in rapid cooling technique, the capacity of condensate pans is 16 tons, and in condensate pans, water cooling tube entersCoolant-temperature gage is not higher than 50 DEG C, and in condensate pans, in water cooling tube, the flow of water is not less than 3t/h, the cooling cycle 18Hour.
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| CN106278196A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2017-01-04 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of aluminium titanates board corundum raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106986653B (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2019-12-27 | 西安建筑科技大学 | Self-combined compact fused corundum powder, preparation method and application thereof |
| CN108439443A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-24 | 贵州遵义金山磨料有限公司 | A kind of method that Brown Alundum production is homogenized with bauxite ore |
| CN112939041A (en) * | 2021-02-11 | 2021-06-11 | 贵州大学 | Method for strengthening low-grade bauxite desilication by using brown corundum fly ash |
| CN113526947B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2022-10-21 | 浙江自立新材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity homogeneous alumina clinker from guyan alumina and product thereof |
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| CN1027256C (en) * | 1990-08-18 | 1995-01-04 | 双城市龙江磨料磨具厂 | Method for producing brown corundum |
| CN1266034A (en) * | 2000-03-29 | 2000-09-13 | 太原双塔刚玉股份有限公司 | Decarbonization method for producing alumine base high-purity corundum |
| CN100387546C (en) * | 2003-05-09 | 2008-05-14 | 郑州大学 | Method for preparing alumine base electric fused zirconium corundum |
| RU2321571C1 (en) * | 2006-08-07 | 2008-04-10 | ОАО "Первоуральский динасовый завод" (ОАО "ДИНУР") | Mullite-corundum refractory material |
| CN102583470B (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2014-03-19 | 龚亚云 | Preparation method of homogeneous bauxite applicable to smelting of brown fused alumina |
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