CN104446533A - Bauxite clinker and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Bauxite clinker and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104446533A CN104446533A CN201410613620.2A CN201410613620A CN104446533A CN 104446533 A CN104446533 A CN 104446533A CN 201410613620 A CN201410613620 A CN 201410613620A CN 104446533 A CN104446533 A CN 104446533A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bauxite clinker and a preparation method thereof. The clinker comprises aluminum oxide and mineral components, wherein the mineral components comprise corundum and aluminum titanate. The preparation method of the bauxite clinker comprises the following steps: 1 carrying out light roasting on an excellent bauxite raw material; 2 smelting, crushing the lightly roasted raw material in the step 1 into 0-15mm of particles, and smelting the crushed raw material; and 3 cooling, cooling the smelted melt to below 800 DEG C at a certain speed. No additive is added, so that the method only comprises a natural high-quality bauxite smelting-solidifying physical process; and the raw material does not contain carbide which can be decomposed in water, so that the problem of particle pulverization of brown fused alumina or bauxite-based corundum in water is solved; compared with fused white corundum, the porosity of the bauxite clinker is much lower than that of the fused white corundum; and the product produced by the bauxite clinker is high in compactness and low in porosity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-temperature structural material industry, particularly a kind of bauxitic clay frit and preparation method thereof of refractory products production and application.
Background technology
2014, Henan Hong Ran Aluminum company limited established " exploitation of Jia Jiawa eastern section, Mianchi, Henan fine aluminum alumina " research project, entrusted Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology to complete.Kuang Shu Asia, Jia Jiawa eastern section, Mianchi, Henan fine aluminum bauxite mine, alumina content reaches as high as 93%-94%, iron oxide content is lower than 1%, potassium oxide and sodium oxide resultant are lower than 0.2%, belong to high alumina, low iron, low potassium sodium content high-quality scarce resource, and alumina content be greater than 90% raw ore accounting higher.
China is refractory materials big producing country, and annual production about 3,000 ten thousand tons, account for 2/3rds of whole world ultimate production, product is based on sial system and magnesite refractory.Along with the quick raising of electrolytic aluminum raw material-aluminum oxide powder manufacturing enterprise quantity and output in recent years, bauxite ore monopolized by Chinalco substantially, fine aluminum alumina resource critical shortage needed for refractory materials.Aluminum oxide powder produce needed for bauxitic clay resource, main it is considered that alumina content, alumina silica ratio value, it is considered that the complexity that is separated from ore deposit of aluminum oxide and recovery rate, to ferric oxide, potassium oxide and sodium oxide content without too high requirement.And as the bauxitic clay of refractory raw material, mainly its high-temperature behavior of consideration, requires alumina content to want high, alumina content is higher, and refractoriness is higher; Strong flux is as low especially in the content of ferric oxide, potassium oxide and sodium oxide, and the amount of liquid phase generated under high temperature is few, and viscosity is large, and high-temperature behavior is good; Secondly, in order to improve resistance performance of slag corrosion, require that the volume density of raw material is higher, void content is better lower.Therefore, the bauxitic clay as refractory raw material requires high, and the high quality raw material met the demands are less.Along with the quick raising of aluminum oxide powder manufacturing enterprise quantity and output, Chinalco is to the monopolization of bauxite ore, and the exploitation of bauxite ore increases fast, and aluminum oxide powder is produced, electrolytic aluminum occurs superfluous, and the price of aluminum oxide powder is per ton less than 2600 yuan; Fine aluminum alumina resource exhaustion needed for refractory materials on the other hand, the bauxite clinker price per ton of alumina content 88%, 90%, 92% reaches 2000 yuan, 3000 yuan and about 3300 yuan respectively, its major cause is that the refractory materials utilizing the aluminum oxide powder of alumina content large more than 99.8% to make as raw material and the natural bauxite utilizing alumina content to reach about 90% has certain difference in the complexity of performance, weave construction and production technique, and the latter has certain advantage.
Produce high-grade refractory materials, quality refractory raw material must be had.Select quality refractory raw material preferentially to select natural fine aluminum bauxite clinker, also optionally get fused white corundum, Brown Alundum, alumina corundum, compact alumina and sintering plate corundum, also have development in recent years high alumina homogenization material faster.The principal element one that middle consideration chosen by raw material reaches basic service requirements, and two is cost performances.
The fused white corundum sold in the market, compact alumina and sintering plate corundum take aluminum oxide powder as raw material, and the subject matter that fused white corundum exists is that void content is high, volume density is low, can be used as small-particle or fine powder raw material; Fine and close fused corundom production technique is more complicated, energy consumption is high, and price is far above fused white corundum; Sintering plate corundum adopts pure zirconia aluminium powder, not doping, and by being rapidly heated, the product that burns till in about 1800 DEG C of fast cooling, price is the highest.Brown Alundum, alumina corundum take bauxitic clay as raw material, by adding powdered carbon and iron filings, by carbothermic reduction reaction desiliconization under high temperature, first silicon oxide is reduced to elemental silicon, elemental silicon generates ferrosilicon with the iron filings of fusing again, utilize ferrosilicon and the unit weight difference of corundum to make the two be separated, top is Brown Alundum or alumina corundum.Brown Alundum, alumina corundum, even to comprise during fine and close fused corundom uses the greatest problem existed be when smelting under strongly reducing atmosphere, generate and meet the decomposable carbide of water, generate status nascendi aluminum oxide and methane after aquation, granule atomization, serious constrain its application in mould material.
Development in recent years faster high alumina homogenization material is with fine aluminum alumina for raw material, and raw material, through fine grinding homogenizing, is pressed into waste base, then through high-temperature calcination, make the bauxite clinker of volume density much larger than raw ore dinectly bruning, its volume density can reach 3.50g/cm
3.Use the subject matter of middle existence be raw alumina content not up to standard time mix aluminum oxide powder, material performance is not as good as with the natural bauxite of the trade mark; Small product size density is lower, and after calcining, volume is unstable, uses the larger contraction of middle appearance, and cause between segmentation and particle and occur crackle, segmentation and particle separation, slag resistance declines, and work-ing life reduces.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of bauxitic clay frit and preparation method thereof, adopt natural preferred bauxitic clay raw material, do not add any additive, by the control of smelting process, melting technology condition, produce natural fine aluminum alumina frit, the performance of this bauxitic clay frit is better than fused white corundum, Brown Alundum, bauxite corundum and high alumina homogenization material.
In order to realize above-mentioned task, the present invention takes following technical solution:
A kind of bauxitic clay frit, this frit comprises aluminium sesquioxide and mineralogical composition, and described mineralogical composition comprises corundum and aluminium titanates.
Further, the mass percentage of described aluminium sesquioxide is 92% ~ 93%, in described mineralogical composition, the mass percentage of corundum is 88% ~ 90%, in described mineralogical composition, the mass percentage of aluminium titanates is 7% ~ 9%, and the particle volume density of bauxitic clay frit is 3.82 ~ 3.86g/cm
3.
The preparation method of described bauxitic clay frit, this preparation method comprises the following steps:
Step one, light-burned preferred bauxitic clay raw material: preferred bauxitic clay raw material is placed in the shaft furnace of 1000 ~ 1050 DEG C and calcines, until preferably the dehydration rate of bauxitic clay raw material is 95% ~ 100%, be the particle of 0 ~ 15mm particle diameter by light-burned rear preferred bauxitic clay raw material crushing;
Step 2, electrode melting: the material after fragmentation in step one is carried out electrode melting, electrode voltage is 115 ~ 160v, and melting cycle is not more than 4 hours, and melt temperature is 2030 ~ 2050 DEG C;
Step 3, cooling: by below the melt cooling to 800 after electrode melting DEG C.
Further, calculate by mass percentage, described light-burned rear preferred bauxitic clay raw material comprises SiO
2: 1.50% ~ 2.50%, Al
2o
3: 91.50% ~ 92.50%, Fe
2o
3: 0.45% ~ 0.80%, CaO:0.10% ~ 0.25%, MgO:0.15% ~ 0.30%, K
2o:0.08% ~ 0.12%, Na
2o:0.01% ~ 0.03% and TiO
2: 3.80% ~ 4.80%, igloss≤1.25%.
Further, described is cooled to slow cooling technique, and in slow cooling technique, the capacity of condensate pans is 16 tons, and the cooling water flow in condensate pans in water cooling tube is 1t/h, 36 hours cooling periods.
Further, described is cooled to rapid cooling technique, and in rapid cooling technique, the capacity of condensate pans is 16 tons, and in condensate pans, the inflow temperature of water cooling tube is not higher than 50 DEG C, and in condensate pans, in water cooling tube, the flow of water is not less than 3t/h, 18 hours cooling periods.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) bauxitic clay frit of the present invention is lower than fused white corundum density high porosity, compared with Brown Alundum or alumina corundum, does not add carbon dust, there is not reduction process, and carbides-free generates, and does not exist and meets harm that the is water-atomised and explosion of generation methane gas;
(2) compared with high alumina homogenization material, but its volume density can reach 3.82 ~ 3.86g/cm
3, there is not the larger contraction of appearance in using, cause between segmentation and particle and occur crackle, the phenomenon of segmentation and particle separation.
(3) the present invention adopts natural preferred bauxitic clay, do not add any additive, by the control of smelting process, melting technology condition, produce natural fine aluminum alumina frit, natural fine aluminum alumina frit is under identical alumina content condition, and volume density is much larger than alumina calcination of chamotte and homogenization material; Owing to not adding any additive, just natural fine aluminum alumina melts-solidifies physical process, not containing meeting the decomposable carbide of water in raw material, solves Brown Alundum or alumina corundum chance particle water pulverizing problem; Void content is far below fused white corundum compared with fused white corundum, and the product produced with it, density high porosity is low.
(4) the present invention is by the control to process for cooling, different products is obtained under achieving different process for cooling conditions, which not only simplifies production technique and different products can be obtained by different cooling approach simultaneously, meeting the requirement of product diversification, enhance productivity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is preparation method's schema of embodiment.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
The particle volume density of bauxitic clay frit of the present invention is: measure by the standard-required of fire resisting material particle volume density test method in GB/T2999-2002, bauxitic clay frit is crushed to its particle volume density of 2.0 ~ 5.6mm particle detection.
Preferred bauxitic clay raw material of the present invention refer to by mass percentage alumina content be more than 91.5%, iron oxide content lower than 0.80% and potassium oxide and sodium oxide total amount lower than 0.2% bauxitic clay raw material.
In slow cooling technique of the present invention, the capacity of condensate pans is 16 tons, and the cooling water flow in condensate pans in water cooling tube is 1t/h, 36 hours cooling periods of slow cooling technique.
In rapid cooling technique of the present invention, the capacity of condensate pans is 16 tons, and in condensate pans, the inflow temperature of water cooling tube is not higher than 50 DEG C, and in condensate pans, in water cooling tube, the flow of water is not less than 3t/h, 18 hours cooling periods of rapid cooling technique.
Show the series of experiment research of broken particle diameter through contriver, carry out melting when light-burned rear raw material crushing is the particle of about 15mm, the bauxitic clay clinker quality obtained is best.Light-burned rear particle size after cracking is meticulous, and airborne dust in fusion process, significant loss are larger; Light-burned rear broken kernel is spent slightly, the incoming stock space of a small amount of liquid phase that the melting initial stage is formed, and be difficult to form starting the arc molten bath, the particle being therefore below 15mm by the raw material crushing after light-burned carries out melting.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is specifically described.
Preferred bauxitic clay raw material used in following examples is from Henan Hong Ran Aluminum company limited, the alumina content calculating this preferred bauxitic clay raw material is by mass percentage 93% ~ 94%, iron oxide content lower than 0.8% and the total amount of potassium oxide and sodium oxide lower than 0.2%, this preferred bauxitic clay raw material is the bauxitic clay raw material of high alumina, low iron, low potassium sodium content;
Embodiment one: the electric furnace that the present embodiment uses is dumping furnace, the rated output of this electric furnace is 22500KW, and the rated capacity of this electric furnace is 20 tons.With reference to figure 1, the preparation technology of this embodiment is:
Step one: by light-burned in shaft furnace through 1020 DEG C for preferred bauxitic clay raw material, until raw material dehydration rate is greater than 99.5%, the raw material after light-burned is through jaw crushing crusher machine, and cross 15mm sieve, light-burned rear bauxitic clay raw material chemical constitution is (wt%): SiO after testing
2: 2.28, Al
2o
3: 92.04, Fe
2o
3: 0.51, CaO:0.18, MgO:0.14, K
2o:0.10, Na
2o:0.02, TiO
2: 4.10, igloss: 0.63;
Step 2: the light-burned material after fragmentation is not added any additive and enters electrosmelting, melting technology condition is: adding the light-burned material after fragmentation is stationary furnace shop fixtures, add-on accounts for 1/2nd of total add-on, lay starting the arc carbon-point, electrode declines and starting the arc carbon-point is connected, add the raw material of total add-on 1/4th again, pass into 160v voltage to electrode and preheating is carried out to the raw material in stationary furnace, voltage is reduced gradually to 115v after the starting the arc, when there is molten bath rapid expansion, progressively improve when electric furnace power input reaches more than 80% of stationary furnace rated output and add surplus stock, until the raw material in electric furnace all dissolves except except the part of furnace wall, after in molten bath, melt reaches rated capacity, mention the decarburization of electrode long arc melting,
Whole melting cycle is not more than 4 hours, and the melting cycle of the present embodiment is actual is 3 hours 50 points of kinds; Liquation seriously can not can not exceed the most high melting temperature 50 DEG C of surveyed raw material by overheated i.e. liquation, and in the present embodiment, the most high melting temperature of preferred bauxitic clay raw material used is surveyed is 1980 DEG C, and the melt temperature namely in the present embodiment can not more than 2030 DEG C; Infrared measurement of temperature terminal is no more than 2050 DEG C, and the infrared measurement of temperature terminal actual measurement of the present embodiment is 2030 DEG C; The high melt stage is no more than 40 minutes, and the high melt stage actual measurement of the present embodiment is 40 minutes, otherwise during melt condensation, easily occurs honeycomb-like pores in frit, and volume density reduces;
Step 3: after having smelted, is poured onto on condensate pans by the melt in electric furnace, and the bottom of condensate pans is with water cooling tube, and the capacity of condensate pans is 16 tons (referring to melt bearing capacity), and the cooling water flow in water cooling tube is 1t/h, 36 hours cooling periods; The melt of 1/5th volumes can be remained in electric furnace, for continuous production processes, can directly power transmission be reinforced continues melting, increase work efficiency.
By A product prepared by embodiment 1 technique, the physical and chemical index detected by GB/T2999-2002 is: particle volume density 3.82g/cm
3, Al after testing
2o
3mass percentage be 92.73%, in mineralogical composition, the mass percentage of corundum is 88%, and in mineralogical composition, the mass percentage of aluminium titanates is 7%, and in mineralogical composition, the mass percentage of Rutile Type is less than 1%.
The bulk of cooled for the present embodiment step 3 bauxitic clay frit is directly cut 40 × 40 × 40mm cubes sample block, the volume density detecting this sample block reaches 3.84g/cm
3; With the homogenization material block material volume density (3.51g/cm of same alumina content
3) compare, volume density improves about 10%.
Embodiment two: the electric furnace that the present embodiment uses is dumping furnace, the rated output of this electric furnace is 22500KW, and the rated capacity of this electric furnace is 20 tons.
With reference to figure 1, the difference of the present embodiment and embodiment one is:
Step 3: after having smelted, melt in electric furnace is poured onto on condensate pans, the bottom of condensate pans is with water cooling tube, the capacity of condensate pans is 16 tons (referring to melt bearing capacity), the inflow temperature of water cooling tube is not higher than 50 DEG C, and in water cooling tube, the flow of water is not less than 3t/h, 18 hours cooling periods, frit 5 hours 50 minutes rear surface temperature are 800 DEG C, prevent the decomposition of aluminium titanates (aluminium titanates decomposes in 800 ~ 1280 DEG C of temperature ranges).
By B product prepared by embodiment 2 technique, detecting its physical and chemical index by GB/T2999-2002 is: particle volume density 3.86g/cm
3, Al after testing
2o
3mass percentage be 92.73%, in mineralogical composition, the mass percentage of corundum is 90%, and in mineralogical composition, the mass percentage of aluminium titanates is 9%, has no Rutile Type in mineralogical composition.
Claims (6)
1. a bauxitic clay frit, is characterized in that, this frit comprises aluminium sesquioxide and mineralogical composition, and described mineralogical composition comprises corundum and aluminium titanates.
2. bauxitic clay frit as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the mass percentage of described aluminium sesquioxide is 92% ~ 93%, in described mineralogical composition, the mass percentage of corundum is 88% ~ 90%, in described mineralogical composition, the mass percentage of aluminium titanates is 7% ~ 9%, and the particle volume density of bauxitic clay frit is 3.82 ~ 3.86g/cm
3.
3. the preparation method of bauxitic clay frit described in arbitrary claim in claim 1 ~ 2, it is characterized in that, this preparation method comprises the following steps:
Step one, light-burned preferred bauxitic clay raw material: preferred bauxitic clay raw material is placed in the shaft furnace of 1000 ~ 1050 DEG C and calcines, until preferably the dehydration rate of bauxitic clay raw material is 95% ~ 100%, be the particle of 0 ~ 15mm particle diameter by light-burned rear preferred bauxitic clay raw material crushing;
Step 2, electrode melting: the material after fragmentation in step one is carried out electrode melting, electrode voltage is 115 ~ 160v, and melting cycle is not more than 4 hours, and melt temperature is 2030 ~ 2050 DEG C;
Step 3, cooling: by below the melt cooling to 800 after electrode melting DEG C.
4. the preparation method of bauxitic clay frit as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, calculate by mass percentage, described light-burned rear preferred bauxitic clay raw material comprises SiO2:1.50% ~ 2.50%, Al
2o
3: 91.50% ~ 92.50%, Fe
2o
3: 0.45% ~ 0.80%, CaO:0.10% ~ 0.25%, MgO:0.15% ~ 0.30%, K
2o:0.08% ~ 0.12%, Na
2o:0.01% ~ 0.03% and TiO
2: 3.80% ~ 4.80%, igloss≤1.25%.
5. the preparation method of bauxitic clay frit as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described is cooled to slow cooling technique, and in slow cooling technique, the capacity of condensate pans is 16 tons, and the cooling water flow in condensate pans in water cooling tube is 1t/h, 36 hours cooling periods.
6. the preparation method of bauxitic clay frit as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that, described is cooled to rapid cooling technique, in rapid cooling technique, the capacity of condensate pans is 16 tons, in condensate pans, the inflow temperature of water cooling tube is not higher than 50 DEG C, in condensate pans, in water cooling tube, the flow of water is not less than 3t/h, 18 hours cooling periods.
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| CN106278196A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2017-01-04 | 西安建筑科技大学 | A kind of aluminium titanates board corundum raw material and preparation method thereof |
| CN106986653A (en) * | 2017-03-22 | 2017-07-28 | 西安建筑科技大学 | The fine and close electro-corundum powder of one kind self-bonding, preparation method and applications |
| CN108439443A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-24 | 贵州遵义金山磨料有限公司 | A kind of method that Brown Alundum production is homogenized with bauxite ore |
| CN112939041A (en) * | 2021-02-11 | 2021-06-11 | 贵州大学 | Method for strengthening low-grade bauxite desilication by using brown corundum fly ash |
| CN113526947A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-22 | 浙江自立新材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity homogeneous alumina clinker from guyan alumina and product thereof |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108439443A (en) * | 2018-03-29 | 2018-08-24 | 贵州遵义金山磨料有限公司 | A kind of method that Brown Alundum production is homogenized with bauxite ore |
| CN112939041A (en) * | 2021-02-11 | 2021-06-11 | 贵州大学 | Method for strengthening low-grade bauxite desilication by using brown corundum fly ash |
| CN113526947A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-22 | 浙江自立新材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity homogeneous alumina clinker from guyan alumina and product thereof |
| CN113526947B (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2022-10-21 | 浙江自立新材料股份有限公司 | Method for preparing high-purity homogeneous alumina clinker from guyan alumina and product thereof |
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