CN104438433B - The processing technology of thin-walled small-bend radius U-bend - Google Patents
The processing technology of thin-walled small-bend radius U-bend Download PDFInfo
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- CN104438433B CN104438433B CN201410597788.9A CN201410597788A CN104438433B CN 104438433 B CN104438433 B CN 104438433B CN 201410597788 A CN201410597788 A CN 201410597788A CN 104438433 B CN104438433 B CN 104438433B
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- pipe
- bend
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000001192 hot extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000686 essence Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
- B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C25/00—Profiling tools for metal extruding
- B21C25/02—Dies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D37/00—Tools as parts of machines covered by this subclass
- B21D37/10—Die sets; Pillar guides
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Bending Of Plates, Rods, And Pipes (AREA)
- Shaping Of Tube Ends By Bending Or Straightening (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the processing technology of a kind of thin-walled small-bend radius U-bend, comprise the following steps: A) fill sand: in pipe fitting, fill up sand material, and close two-port；B) pre-bending: pipe fitting is loaded on heading pipe bender: one end of heading folder clamping pipe fitting, the other end of pipe fitting is fixed by bending die and fixture block, being driven bending die to rotate by main shaft, oil cylinder applies axial thrust to heading folder simultaneously so that the radius of curvature R 1 that pipe fitting is curved to default；C) hot extrusion: by pipe heating to preset temperature, puts into extrusion die and is expressed to radius of curvature R 0, places into and is provided with U-shaped die cavity shaping mould, pipe fitting is pressed into the die cavity after upper and lower module matched moulds, complete shaping, by radius of curvature R 0 curved to final for pipe fitting, R0 < R1；D) removing sand material in pipe fitting two ends end cap and pipe: the present invention can reduce the deformation of bend pipe, meet the requirement of logical bulb diameter, and yield rate is high, and operation processing few, easy, cycle are short, production cost is relatively low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of processing technology for thin-walled small-bend radius U-bend.
Background technology
In some gasification furnaces, Ni-based stainless U-shaped (180 °) elbow (such as φ 38X4), its bending radius (R20 and
R25) little, tube wall is thin, and compared with the electricity generation boiler of standard, the hot-fluid in equipment for gasification is bigger, and appropriate current are key parameters,
Therefore lead to ball requirement and be much higher than plain cylindrical furnace standard relevant with ASME；The making work of existing thin-walled small-bend radius U-bend
Skill mainly has two kinds: 1) on stretch bending bending machine or side propelling assisting elbow pipe machine, carry out pre-bending after, hot extrusion molding again；The method
When pre-bending due to bend loss medial wall pressurized, lateral wall tension, the cut-off in outside is relatively big, and its circularity is poor, follow-up finished product
Logical bulb diameter reduce；When hot extrusion, owing to wall is thin, poor rigidity, easy unstability wrinkling deformation, medial wall easily thickens, and logical ball is straight
Footpath is also affected, and causes this index to be difficult to reach requirement, and percent defective is high；2) use and make U-shaped solid forging, pass through machine again
Processing U-shaped through hole shapes；Although the logical bulb diameter of the method can be up to standard, but have that processing step is many, difficulty of processing big, the cycle
The shortcoming long, cost is high.
Summary of the invention
For the technical problem of above-mentioned existence, the present invention provides the processing technology of a kind of thin-walled small-bend radius U-bend,
It can reduce the deformation of bend pipe, meet the requirement of logical bulb diameter, and yield rate is high, and operation processing few, easy, cycle are short, produce into
This is relatively low.
In order to achieve the above object, the processing technology of the thin-walled small-bend radius U-bend of the present invention, it is characterised in that bag
Include following steps: A) fill sand: in pipe fitting, fill up sand material, and closed the two-port of pipe fitting by end cap；B) pre-bending: pipe fitting is loaded on
On heading pipe bender: one end of heading folder clamping pipe fitting, the other end of pipe fitting is fixed by bending die and fixture block, main shaft drive curved
Pipe die rotates, and oil cylinder applies axial thrust to heading folder simultaneously, pipe fitting pushes away curved operation so that curved in advance in the middle part of pipe fitting
If 180 elbows ° that bending radius is R1；C) hot extrusion: by pipe heating to preset temperature, puts into extrusion die extruding: extrude
Mould is made up of upper and lower back of the body mould and upper left extrusion die, lower-left extrusion die, upper right extrusion die and bottom right extrusion die, adjusts left and right side and squeezes
The distance of pressing mold to adapt to the bending radius of elbow, upper and lower back of the body mould and upper left extrusion die, lower-left extrusion die, upper right extrusion die and
Bottom right extrusion die is provided with the inclined-plane matched, and upper and lower back of the body mould is provided with deformable cavity, and upper left extrusion die, lower-left extrusion die, upper right extrude
Mould and bottom right extrusion die are equipped with the die cavity that cross section is arc, put in extrusion die die cavity by the elbow both sides straight tube of pipe fitting, upper,
Lower extrusion die matched moulds clamps two straight section tube portions, promotes the extrusion die of both sides to move inward, and the most upper and lower back of the body mould is moved rearwards by,
Heel does Free Transform until forming 180 ° of elbows that bending radius is R0；Pipe fitting is placed into shaping mould: shaping mould
Including upper and lower module, upper and lower module is equipped with U-shaped die cavity, and the die cavity of U-shaped die cavity elbow section is approximate half-circular, die cavity at this
Depth capacity be slightly less than the half of its width, pipe fitting is pressed into the die cavity after upper and lower module matched moulds, completes shaping, will
Elbow section shaping is to radius of curvature R 0, R0 < R1；D) sand material in pipe fitting two ends end cap and pipe is removed；
Due to the fact that when pre-bending, by oil cylinder, heading folder, pipe fitting is applied axial thrust, elbow section lateral wall is also
Pressurized, the cut-off of lateral wall is less or be zero, and the circularity of elbow section is more preferable；Pipe fitting fills up sand material, the firm of pipe fitting can be improved
Property, when pre-bending and heating extrusion process, tube wall is difficult to Instability wrinkling deformation, and the amplitude that thickens of medial wall also reduces, and adds upper module
The depth capacity of U-shaped die cavity elbow section is slightly less than the half of its width, can reduce thickening of medial wall during shaping further, improves
Circularity, above all can reduce bend pipe deformation, the requirement that meets logical bulb diameter, yield rate is high, and operation processing few, easy, cycle
Short, production cost is relatively low；
As the present invention a kind of preferably, in step B) and C) between be additionally provided with preheating extrusion process: by pipe heating extremely
Preset temperature, puts into extrusion die extruding: extrusion die by upper and lower back of the body mould and upper left extrusion die, lower-left extrusion die, upper right extrusion die and
Bottom right extrusion die composition, the distance of adjustment left and right side extrusion die is to adapt to the bending radius of elbow, and upper and lower back of the body mould squeezes with upper left
Pressing mold, lower-left extrusion die, upper right extrusion die and bottom right extrusion die are provided with the inclined-plane matched, and upper and lower back of the body mould is provided with deformable cavity, left
Upper extrusion die, lower-left extrusion die, upper right extrusion die and bottom right extrusion die are equipped with the die cavity that cross section is arc, by the elbow of pipe fitting
Both sides straight tube is put in extrusion die die cavity, and upper and lower extrusion die matched moulds clamps two straight section tube portions, and the extrusion die promoting both sides is inside
Mobile, the most upper and lower back of the body mould is moved rearwards by, and the spacing of the extrusion die of both sides determines bending radius, and it is straight that heel does Free Transform
To forming 180 ° of elbows that bending radius is R2；Pipe fitting is placed into shaping mould: shaping mould includes upper and lower module, upper and lower
Module is equipped with U-shaped die cavity, and the die cavity of U-shaped die cavity elbow section is approximate half-circular, and at this, the depth capacity of die cavity is slightly less than it
The half of width, pipe fitting is pressed into the die cavity after upper and lower module matched moulds, completes shaping, by elbow section shaping to bending half
Footpath R2, R0 < R2 < R1；Set up pre-hot extrusion, deflection during hot extrusion molding can be reduced further, improve circularity；
One as the present invention is preferred, and pipe fitting is pressed into the die cavity after upper and lower module matched moulds for forward and reverse twice,
Carry out shaping；Shaping effect can be improved；
In sum, the present invention can reduce the deformation of bend pipe, meet the requirement of logical bulb diameter, and yield rate is high, and operation is few,
Easily processing, cycle are short, and production cost is relatively low.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the partial perspective view of the heading pipe bender implementing the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the top view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the front view of the extrusion die implementing the pre-hot extrusion of the present invention and hot extrusion operation.
Fig. 4 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is to implement the front view of lower module in the pre-hot extrusion of the present invention and hot extrusion operation shaping mould.
Fig. 6 is the B-B sectional view of Fig. 5.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, U-shaped (180 °) elbow, requirement with Ni-based φ 38X4 tube manufacture bending radius as R20 are logical
As a example by bulb diameter >=φ 21.5, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
The processing technology of this thin-walled small-bend radius U-bend, comprises the following steps: A) fill sand: in pipe fitting, fill up sand
Material, such as corundum sand, and is closed the two-port of pipe fitting by end cap；B) pre-bending: as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 2, is loaded on heading by pipe fitting 1
On bending machine: one end of heading folder 2 clamping pipe fitting 1, the other end of pipe fitting 1 is fixed by bending die 3 and fixture block 4, bending die 3 and folder
Block 4 is provided with the arc groove matched；Being driven bending die 3 to rotate by main shaft 5, oil cylinder 6 is to heading folder 2 axial the pushing away of applying simultaneously
Power, pushes away curved operation by heading folder 2 to pipe fitting 1 so that bending radius curved to default in the middle part of pipe fitting 1 is 180 ° of R57
Elbow；C) pre-hot extrusion: the pipe fitting 1 of pre-bending is heated to preset temperature, puts into extrusion die extruding: as shown in Figure 3 to Figure 4, squeezes
Pressing mold includes upper back of the body mould 12, lower back mould 13 and upper left extrusion die 14, lower-left extrusion die 15, upper right extrusion die 16 and the bottom right at middle part
Extrusion die 17, adjust left and right side extrusion die distance to adapt to the bending radius of elbow, upper back of the body mould 12, lower back mould 13 and upper left
Extrusion die 14, lower-left extrusion die 15, upper right extrusion die 16 and bottom right extrusion die 17 are provided with the inclined-plane matched, upper back of the body mould 12, under
Back of the body mould 13 is provided with deformable cavity, and upper left extrusion die 14, lower-left extrusion die 15, upper right extrusion die 16 and bottom right extrusion die 17 are equipped with and cut
Face is the die cavity 18 of arc, the both sides straight tube of pipe fitting 1 is put into extrusion die 14 in matched moulds rear left and squeezes with lower-left extrusion die 15, upper right
Pressing mold 16 is with the die cavity of bottom right extrusion die 17, and upper and lower extrusion die matched moulds clamps two straight section tube portions, by oil cylinder pushing both sides
Extrusion die move inward, simultaneously by carrying on the back mould 12 on inclined-plane, lower back mould 13 is moved rearwards by, the spacing of the extrusion die of both sides determines curved
The bending radius of head, heel does Free Transform until forming 180 ° of elbows that bending radius is R38；Pipe fitting 1 is placed into whole
Shape mould: shaping mould includes upper and lower module, and the structure of upper and lower module is identical and is oppositely arranged, as shown in Figure 5 to Figure 6, its
Lower module 10 is equipped with U-shaped die cavity 11, and the die cavity of U-shaped die cavity 11 elbow section is approximate half-circular, depth capacity a of die cavity at this
Being slightly less than the half of its width b, pipe fitting 1 is pressed into the die cavity after upper and lower module matched moulds for forward and reverse twice, completes shaping,
By curved for elbow to radius of curvature R 38；D) hot extrusion: by pipe heating to preset temperature, put into step C) in identical extrusion die
Extruding, is moved inward by the extrusion die of oil cylinder pushing both sides, and the most now the spacing of the extrusion die of both sides is less, and heel is done
Free Transform is until forming 180 ° of elbows that bending radius is R20；Pipe fitting is placed into shaping mould, its U-shaped die cavity 11 elbow
The die cavity of section is approximate half-circular, and at this, depth capacity a of die cavity is slightly less than the half of its width b, forward and reverse twice of pipe fitting 1
It is pressed into the die cavity after upper and lower module matched moulds, completes shaping, by curved for elbow to radius of curvature R 20；E) pipe fitting two ends are removed
Sand material in end cap and pipe；
Due to the fact that when pre-bending, pipe fitting 1 is applied axial thrust, outside elbow section by oil cylinder 6, heading folder 2
Wall also pressurized, the cut-off of lateral wall is less or be zero, and the circularity of elbow section is more preferable；Pipe fitting 1 fills up sand material, pipe fitting can be improved
The rigidity of 1, when pre-bending, pre-hot extrusion and hot extrusion operation, tube wall is difficult to Instability wrinkling deformation, and the amplitude that thickens of medial wall is also
Reducing, depth capacity a adding upper module U-shaped die cavity elbow section is slightly less than the half of its width b, can reduce medial wall further
Thicken, improve circularity, the above deformation that all can reduce bend pipe；Table one is that the correlation technique using products obtained therefrom of the present invention detection refers to
Mark, table two for use carry out pre-bending on stretch bending bending machine or side propelling assisting elbow pipe machine after, hot extrusion molding products obtained therefrom inspection again
The Specifications surveyed；
Table one
Table two
By the contrast of above-mentioned two table Testing index it is found that use the logical bulb diameter of traditional diamond-making technique products obtained therefrom
Far below requiring and the easy unstability of bend pipe, wrinkling；The index that bulb diameter is all higher than requiring is led to by the minimum of products obtained therefrom of the present invention
φ 21.5, yield rate is high, and operation processing few, easy, cycle are short, and production cost is relatively low；
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Any amendment, equivalent and the improvement etc. made within god and principle, should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. the processing technology of a thin-walled small-bend radius U-bend, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps: A) fill sand: at pipe
Fill up sand material in part, and closed the two-port of pipe fitting by end cap；B) pre-bending: pipe fitting is loaded on heading pipe bender: heading folder folder
One end of tight pipe fitting, the other end of pipe fitting is fixed by bending die and fixture block, main shaft drive bending die to rotate, and oil cylinder is to top simultaneously
Upsetting folder applies axial thrust, pipe fitting pushes away curved operation so that bending radius curved to default in the middle part of pipe fitting is R1's
180 ° of elbows；C) hot extrusion: by pipe heating to preset temperature, puts into extrusion die extruding: extrusion die is by upper and lower back of the body mould and upper left
Extrusion die, lower-left extrusion die, upper right extrusion die and bottom right extrusion die composition, the distance adjusting left and right side extrusion die is curved to adapt to
The bending radius of head, upper and lower back of the body mould is provided with matches with upper left extrusion die, lower-left extrusion die, upper right extrusion die and bottom right extrusion die
The inclined-plane closed, upper and lower back of the body mould is provided with deformable cavity, and upper left extrusion die, lower-left extrusion die, upper right extrusion die and bottom right extrusion die are all provided with
The die cavity having cross section to be arc, puts in extrusion die die cavity by the elbow both sides straight tube of pipe fitting, upper and lower extrusion die matched moulds clamping two
Straight section tube portion, promotes the extrusion die of both sides to move inward, and the most upper and lower back of the body mould is moved rearwards by, and it is straight that heel does Free Transform
To forming 180 ° of elbows that bending radius is R0；Pipe fitting is placed into shaping mould: shaping mould includes upper and lower module, upper and lower
Module is equipped with U-shaped die cavity, and the die cavity of U-shaped die cavity elbow section is approximate half-circular, and at this, the depth capacity of die cavity is slightly less than it
The half of width, pipe fitting is pressed into the die cavity after upper and lower module matched moulds, completes shaping, by elbow section shaping to bending half
Footpath R0, R0 < R1；D) sand material in pipe fitting two ends end cap and pipe is removed.
The processing technology of thin-walled small-bend radius U-bend the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step B)
And it is additionally provided with preheating extrusion process between C): by pipe heating to preset temperature, puts into extrusion die extruding: extrusion die is by upper and lower
The back of the body mould and upper left extrusion die, lower-left extrusion die, upper right extrusion die and bottom right extrusion die composition, adjust left and right side extrusion die away from
From to adapt to the bending radius of elbow, upper and lower back of the body mould extrudes with upper left extrusion die, lower-left extrusion die, upper right extrusion die and bottom right
Mould is provided with the inclined-plane matched, and upper and lower back of the body mould is provided with deformable cavity, upper left extrusion die, lower-left extrusion die, upper right extrusion die and bottom right
Extrusion die is equipped with the die cavity that cross section is arc, puts in extrusion die die cavity by the elbow both sides straight tube of pipe fitting, upper and lower extrusion die
Matched moulds clamps two straight section tube portions, promotes the extrusion die of both sides to move inward, and the most upper and lower back of the body mould is moved rearwards by, and heel is done
Free Transform is until forming 180 ° of elbows that bending radius is R2；Pipe fitting is placed into shaping mould: shaping mould includes upper and lower
Module, upper and lower module is equipped with U-shaped die cavity, and the die cavity of U-shaped die cavity elbow section is approximate half-circular, and at this, die cavity is maximum deep
Degree is slightly less than the half of its width, and pipe fitting is pressed into the die cavity after upper and lower module matched moulds, completes shaping, by whole for elbow section
Shape is to radius of curvature R 2, R0 < R2 < R1.
3. according to the processing technology of the thin-walled small-bend radius U-bend described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: pipe fitting
It is pressed into the die cavity after upper and lower module matched moulds for forward and reverse twice, carries out shaping.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410597788.9A CN104438433B (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2014-10-31 | The processing technology of thin-walled small-bend radius U-bend |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410597788.9A CN104438433B (en) | 2014-10-31 | 2014-10-31 | The processing technology of thin-walled small-bend radius U-bend |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN104438433A CN104438433A (en) | 2015-03-25 |
| CN104438433B true CN104438433B (en) | 2016-08-31 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105057420A (en) * | 2015-06-26 | 2015-11-18 | 江苏新恒基特种装备股份有限公司 | Multi-bending bent pipe precision bending device |
| CN106064187B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-07-04 | 安徽德系重工科技有限公司 | A kind of wound form drawing heading pipe bender |
| CN106111828B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-08-11 | 安徽德系重工科技有限公司 | A kind of heading pipe bender slope climbing type clamping device and its application method |
| CN106311824B (en) * | 2016-08-19 | 2017-08-11 | 安徽德系重工科技有限公司 | A kind of heading pipe bender main mould individual reset device and its application method |
| CN106270239B (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2018-01-30 | 桐庐千丁科技有限公司 | A kind of short U bend pipes automatic moulding machine of the thin-walled with weld-ring |
| CN109201882A (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2019-01-15 | 马力 | 180 ° of cold-extruded elbow roll moulds |
| CN108273889B (en) | 2018-01-22 | 2023-06-23 | 南昌航空大学 | Method and device for forming small-bending-radius pipe through differential temperature pushing bending |
| CN114535479B (en) * | 2022-03-01 | 2023-11-28 | 中国第二重型机械集团德阳万航模锻有限责任公司 | Forging method of large arc die forging |
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| US4876872A (en) * | 1987-10-28 | 1989-10-31 | Kabushiki Kaisha Asahi Kinzoku Kogyosho | Method and apparatus for manufacturing curved pipe |
| CN101147934A (en) * | 2007-11-08 | 2008-03-26 | 上海交通大学 | Tube bending forming processing device |
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| CN103357690A (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2013-10-23 | 南通农业职业技术学院 | Processing method for small R extrusion finishing elbow |
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| US4876872A (en) * | 1987-10-28 | 1989-10-31 | Kabushiki Kaisha Asahi Kinzoku Kogyosho | Method and apparatus for manufacturing curved pipe |
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| CN104438433A (en) | 2015-03-25 |
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