A kind of electrolytic aluminium waste gas disposal integrated apparatus
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of atmospheric pollution control, especially a kind of electrolytic aluminium waste gas disposal integrated apparatus.
Background technology
Aluminium Industry goes through years development, progressively become the basic industry that China is important, modern aluminum industry is produced and is adopted cryolite-alumina molten salt electrolysis, molten cryolitic is solvent, aluminium oxide is as solute, using carbon body as anode, aluminium liquid is as negative electrode, after passing into powerful direct current, at 950 DEG C ~ 970 DEG C, electrochemical reaction is carried out at the two poles of the earth in electrolytic cell, and anodic product is carbon dioxide and CO gas mainly, wherein containing pernicious gas and solid dirt such as a certain amount of hydrogen fluoride.Carbon dioxide is a kind of greenhouse gases, is the main cause causing global warming; And the greenhouse effect effect of partially fluorinated thing is 6500 ~ 10000 times of carbon dioxide, and impact in various degree can be caused on ozone layer; Hydrogen fluoride is then a kind of hypertoxic gas, enters human body by skin or respiratory tract, only needs 1.5g just can be lethal, and the improvement therefore strengthening electrolytic aluminium exhaust emission has become the important topic of current efforts at environmental protection.
Chinese patent " a kind of electrolytic aluminium waste Flash Gas Compression Skid System " (application number: 201410325692.7) disclose a kind of electrolytic aluminium waste Flash Gas Compression Skid System, comprise the facilities and equipments such as waste gas absorption cover, waste gas absorption pipe, air exhauster, exhaust-gas treatment room and blast pipe, this patent of invention clean-up effect is obvious, but this patent exists following defect: do not recycle when 1. CO content is large, cause waste and pollute; 2. carbon monoxide process chamber is located at lower end, and the dust in waste gas etc. can affect course of reaction, reduces treatment effect; 3. hydrogen fluoride trealment indoor are gas solid chemical reaction, and reaction efficiency is lower.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: in order to administer electrolytic aluminium exhaust emission and overcome above-mentioned patent Problems existing, a kind of electrolytic aluminium waste gas disposal integrated apparatus is provided, can effectively processes containing dust, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and hydrofluoric complex waste gas.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of electrolytic aluminium waste gas disposal integrated apparatus, and carbon monoxide tolerance is larger when need recycle, and the structure of integrated apparatus is upwards followed successively by defluorinate dedusting area, alkalization uptake zone, demister, dry section and gas collection district from bottom of device; Or carbon monoxide tolerance less need is upwards followed successively by defluorinate dedusting area, demister, dry section, zoneofoxidation, alkalization uptake zone from bottom of device during oxidation processes.
Described defluorinate dedusting area is positioned at the foot of whole device; Defluorinate dedusting assembly is provided with in described defluorinate dedusting area, described defluorinate dedusting assembly comprises the defluorinate dedusting liquid spray equipment being positioned at defluorinate dedusting assembly top, the waste water being positioned at defluorinate dedusting assembly bottom catchments cone tank, the waste water cone tank that catchments is connected purification tank for liquid waste by discharge of wastewater valve with pipeline, enters municipal wastewater pipe network after wastewater treatment is up to standard; Middle and lower part, defluorinate dedusting area is provided with air inlet pipe and gas distribution pipe; Defluorinate dedusting liquid spray equipment connects defluorinate dedusting liquid circulating pump and defluorinate dedusting liquid return duct.
Described alkalization uptake zone is provided with alkalization absorbent assembly, and described alkalization absorbent assembly comprises the alkali lye spray equipment being positioned at alkalization absorbent assembly top, the alkali lye being positioned at alkalization absorbent assembly bottom stores groove; Alkali lye stores trench bottom and is designed to pyramidal structure, and being provided with sediment discharge pipe and sediment discharge valve, alkali lye stores in groove and is provided with three phase separator, and three phase separator top is provided with overfalling weir, overfalling weir connects alkali lye delivery pipe and NaOH solution circulating pump, and NaOH solution circulating pump connects alkali lye spray equipment.
Described top, alkalization uptake zone is provided with demister, demister is collected by the large drop in gas, and make it to return, and reduces the moisture in gas, its operation principle is that gas enters demister, through a series of bend, discharge from top, and water droplet is due to the effect of its quality and kinetic energy, through racetrack portion, straight line falls, and collides the surface of demister, and is rebounding under Action of Gravity Field.
Described demister top is provided with dry section, in described dry section, drier is set, drier requires to have hole prosperity, the advantage such as specific area is large, adsorption rate is fast, friction resistant, as the operation through the long period, discovery drier becomes sticky, and just need change drier in time when gas prompt drop is low.
Described dry section top is provided with gas collection district, processes dried clean CO gas and assembles at this, and described top, gas collection district is provided with discharge and exhaust pump, and the carbon monoxide of collection is pumped to carbon monoxide air accumulator in order to using.
Described zoneofoxidation is provided with oxidation module, and described oxidation module comprises electrothermal tube and is positioned at the cupric oxide pulldown bed on electrothermal tube top, and cupric oxide pulldown bed places oxidation copper scale and cupric oxide powder.
Concrete, for cylindrical, upper and lower two ends are conical tank body in the middle of described electrolytic aluminium waste gas disposal integrated apparatus, described tank body offers observation port and examine and replace mouth, tank body volume size can be determined according to the number of pending gas flow, adopts vertical vertical placement.
Further, alkali lye stores above groove and is provided with alkali lye aggregation apparatus, and the lower end diameter of described alkali lye aggregation apparatus is less than the diameter that alkali lye stores groove topmost, and alkali lye aggregation apparatus can make spray alkali lye out assemble to be back to alkali lye to store groove.
Further, described defluorinate dedusting assembly is also furnished with defluorinate dedusting liquid and adds metering system, and described defluorinate dedusting liquid adds metering system and is communicated with defluorinate dedusting liquid circulating pump by pipeline with valve.
Further, described alkalization absorbent assembly is also furnished with alkali lye and adds metering device, and described alkali lye adds metering device and comprises alkali liquid tank and agitating device, and alkali lye adds metering device and is communicated with NaOH solution circulating pump by pipeline with valve.
Further, described defluorinate dedusting liquid spray equipment, alkali lye spray equipment are helical form spray equipment; The water ejected presents vaporific, and mixing together between water smoke, do not stay dead angle, be conducive to the contact area expanding waste gas and solution, improve absorptivity and assimilation effect.
The defluorinate dedusting liquid that described defluorinate dedusting assembly adopts is calcium chloride solution, and the alkali lye that described alkalization absorbent assembly adopts is aqua calcis.
The matched proportion density of calcium chloride, aqua calcis decides according to the exhausted air quantity of process and exhaust gas concentration.
Further preferred equipment, demister is deflection plate demister or overflowing board demister.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, first waste gas enters in defluorinate dedusting area, defluorinate dedusting liquid sprays from uniform defluorinate dedusting liquid spray equipment, form countless fine mist, after waste gas fully mixes and contacts, the materials such as the dust in waste gas are absorbed in defluorinate dedusting liquid, hydrogen fluoride simultaneously in waste gas and the calcium chloride in defluorinate dedusting liquid occur, sediment falls into waste water and catchments bottom cone tank, enter purification tank for liquid waste by discharge of wastewater valve and pipeline, part defluorinate dedusting liquid is recycled by defluorinate dedusting liquid return duct and defluorinate dedusting liquid circulating pump; Waste gas continues to rise and contacts with the alkali lye that alkali lye spray equipment sprays, the fluoride that carbon dioxide in gas and part remain and calcium hydroxide generation chemical reaction, reaction product flows into bottom alkali lye with alkali lye and stores in groove, three phase separator realizes gas, solid is separated with liquid, and sediment is discharged valve and emits; Then gas enter demister, and the drop in gas is here blocked; Then gas enters dry section, the droplet be mingled with in gas is here blocked and absorbs, so far waste gas is processed into clean gas, processes dried clean CO gas and pumps into carbon monoxide air accumulator in order to using by the discharge on top, gas collection district and exhaust pump.
Or first waste gas enters in defluorinate dedusting area, defluorinate dedusting liquid sprays from uniform defluorinate dedusting liquid spray equipment, form countless fine mist, after waste gas fully mixes and contacts, the materials such as the dust in waste gas are absorbed in defluorinate dedusting liquid, hydrogen fluoride simultaneously in waste gas and the calcium chloride in defluorinate dedusting liquid occur, sediment falls into waste water and catchments bottom cone tank, enter purification tank for liquid waste by discharge of wastewater valve and pipeline, part defluorinate dedusting liquid is recycled by defluorinate dedusting liquid return duct and defluorinate dedusting liquid circulating pump, then gas enter demister, and the drop in gas is here blocked, then gas enters dry section, the droplet be mingled with in gas is here blocked and absorbs, so far waste gas is processed into clean CO gas, waste gas continues rising and enters zoneofoxidation, in cupric oxide pulldown bed, carbon monoxide is oxidized to carbon dioxide, then gas enter alkalization uptake zone contact with the alkali lye that alkali lye spray equipment sprays, carbon dioxide in gas and calcium hydroxide generation chemical reaction, reaction product flows into bottom alkali lye with alkali lye and stores in groove, three phase separator realizes gas, solid is separated with liquid, sediment is discharged valve and emits, so far waste gas is processed into clean gas, realizes qualified discharge.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further described.
Fig. 1, Fig. 2 are the structural representations of embodiments of the invention;
In figure: 1. defluorinate dedusting area, 1-1. defluorinate dedusting liquid spray equipment, 1-2. waste water catchments cone tank, 1-3. discharge of wastewater valve, 1-4. air inlet pipe, 1-5. gas distribution pipe, 1-6. defluorinate dedusting liquid circulating pump, 1-7. defluorinate dedusting liquid return duct, 1-8. defluorinate dedusting liquid adds metering system, 2. alkalize uptake zone, 2-1. alkali lye spray equipment, 2-2. alkali lye stores groove, 2-3. sediment discharge pipe, 2-4. sediment discharge valve, 2-5. three phase separator, 2-6. overfalling weir, 2-7. alkali lye return duct, 2-8. NaOH solution circulating pump, 2-9. alkali lye adds metering device, 2-10. alkali lye aggregation apparatus, 3. demister, 4. dry section, 5. gas collection district, 5-1. discharge, 5-2. exhaust pump, 5-3. carbon monoxide air accumulator, 6. zoneofoxidation
Detailed description of the invention
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further detailed explanation.These accompanying drawings are the schematic diagram of simplification, only basic structure of the present invention are described in a schematic way, and therefore it only shows the formation relevant with the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Of the present invention a kind of electrolytic aluminium waste gas disposal integrated apparatus as shown in Figure 1, is upwards followed successively by defluorinate dedusting area 1, alkalization uptake zone 2, demister 3, dry section 4 and gas collection district 5 from bottom of device.
Described defluorinate dedusting area 1 is positioned at the foot of whole device; Defluorinate dedusting assembly is provided with in described defluorinate dedusting area 1, described defluorinate dedusting assembly comprises the defluorinate dedusting liquid spray equipment 1-1 being positioned at defluorinate dedusting assembly top, the waste water being positioned at defluorinate dedusting assembly bottom catchments cone tank 1-2, the waste water cone tank 1-2 that catchments is connected purification tank for liquid waste by discharge of wastewater valve 1-3 with pipeline, enters municipal wastewater pipe network after wastewater treatment is up to standard; Middle and lower part, defluorinate dedusting area 1 is provided with air inlet pipe 1-4 and gas distribution pipe 1-5; Defluorinate dedusting liquid spray equipment 1-1 connects defluorinate dedusting liquid circulating pump 1-6 and defluorinate dedusting liquid return duct 1-7.
Described alkalization uptake zone 2 is provided with alkalization absorbent assembly, and described alkalization absorbent assembly comprises the alkali lye spray equipment 2-1 being positioned at alkalization absorbent assembly top, the alkali lye being positioned at alkalization absorbent assembly bottom stores groove 2-2; Alkali lye stores the tapered structure of groove 2-2 bottom design, and be provided with sediment discharge pipe 2-3 and sediment discharge valve 2-4, alkali lye stores in groove 2-2 and is provided with three phase separator 2-5, three phase separator 2-5 top is provided with overfalling weir 2-6, overfalling weir 2-6 connects alkali lye return duct 2-7 and NaOH solution circulating pump 2-8, NaOH solution circulating pump 2-8 and connects alkali lye spray equipment 2-1.
Described top, alkalization uptake zone is provided with demister 3, demister 3 is collected by the large drop in gas, and make it to return, and reduces the moisture in gas, its operation principle is that gas enters demister 3, through a series of bend, discharge from top, and water droplet is due to the effect of its quality and kinetic energy, through racetrack portion, straight line falls, and collides the surface of demister 3, and is rebounding under Action of Gravity Field.
Described demister top is provided with dry section 4, in described dry section 4, drier is set, the advantages such as drier requires to have hole prosperity, specific area is large, adsorption rate is fast, friction resistant, as the operation through the long period, discovery drier becomes sticky, and just need change drier in time when gas prompt drop is low.
Described dry section 4 top is provided with gas collection district 5, processes dried clean CO gas and assembles at this, and described top, gas collection district 5 is provided with discharge 5-1 and exhaust pump 5-2, and the carbon monoxide of collection is pumped to carbon monoxide air accumulator 5-3 in order to using.
Concrete, for cylindrical, upper and lower two ends are conical tank body in the middle of described electrolytic aluminium waste gas disposal integrated apparatus, described tank body offers observation port and examine and replace mouth, tank body volume size can be determined according to the number of pending gas flow, adopts vertical vertical placement.
Further, alkali lye stores above groove and is provided with alkali lye aggregation apparatus 2-10, the lower end diameter of described alkali lye aggregation apparatus 2-1 is less than the diameter that alkali lye stores groove 2-2 topmost, and alkali lye aggregation apparatus 2-10 can make spray alkali lye out assemble to be back to alkali lye to store groove 2-2.
Further, described defluorinate dedusting assembly is also furnished with defluorinate dedusting liquid and adds metering system 1-8, and described defluorinate dedusting liquid adds metering system 1-8 and is communicated with defluorinate dedusting liquid circulating pump 1-6 by pipeline with valve.
Further, described alkalization absorbent assembly is also furnished with alkali lye and adds metering device 2-9, and described alkali lye adds metering device 2-9 and comprises alkali liquid tank and agitating device, and alkali lye adds metering device 2-9 and is communicated with NaOH solution circulating pump 2-8 by pipeline with valve.
Further, described defluorinate dedusting liquid spray equipment 1-1, alkali lye spray equipment 2-1 are helical form spray equipment; The water ejected presents vaporific, and mixing together between water smoke, do not stay dead angle, be conducive to the contact area expanding waste gas and solution, improve absorptivity and assimilation effect.
The defluorinate dedusting liquid that described defluorinate dedusting assembly adopts is calcium chloride solution, and the alkali lye that described alkalization absorbent assembly adopts is aqua calcis.
The matched proportion density of calcium chloride, aqua calcis decides according to the exhausted air quantity of process and exhaust gas concentration.
Further preferred equipment, demister 3 is deflection plate demister or overflowing board demister.
First waste gas enters in defluorinate dedusting area 1, defluorinate dedusting liquid sprays from uniform defluorinate dedusting liquid spray equipment 1-1, form countless fine mist, after waste gas fully mixes and contacts, the materials such as the dust in waste gas are absorbed in defluorinate dedusting liquid, hydrogen fluoride simultaneously in waste gas and the calcium chloride in defluorinate dedusting liquid occur, sediment falls into waste water and catchments bottom cone tank 1-2, enter purification tank for liquid waste by discharge of wastewater valve 1-3 and pipeline, part defluorinate dedusting liquid is recycled by defluorinate dedusting liquid return duct 1-7 and defluorinate dedusting liquid circulating pump 1-6; Waste gas continues to rise and contacts with the alkali lye that alkali lye spray equipment 2-1 sprays, the fluoride that carbon dioxide in gas and part remain and calcium hydroxide generation chemical reaction, reaction product flows into bottom alkali lye with alkali lye and stores in groove 2-2, three phase separator 2-5 realizes gas, solid is separated with liquid, and sediment is discharged valve 2-4 and emits; Then gas enter demister 3, and the drop in gas is here blocked; Then gas enters dry section 4, and the droplet be mingled with in gas is here blocked and absorbs, and processes dried clean CO gas and pumps into carbon monoxide air accumulator 5-3 in order to using by the discharge 5-1 in upper 5 of gas collection district and exhaust pump 5-2.
Embodiment 2
Of the present invention a kind of electrolytic aluminium waste gas disposal integrated apparatus is as shown in Figure 2 as different from Example 1: the structure of integrated apparatus is upwards followed successively by defluorinate dedusting area 1, demister 3, dry section 4, zoneofoxidation 6, alkalization uptake zone 2 from bottom of device.
Described zoneofoxidation 6 is provided with oxidation module, and described oxidation module comprises electrothermal tube and is positioned at the cupric oxide pulldown bed on electrothermal tube top, and cupric oxide pulldown bed places oxidation copper scale and cupric oxide powder.
First waste gas enter in defluorinate dedusting area 1, defluorinate dedusting liquid is from uniform defluorinate dedusting liquid spray equipment ejection 1-1, form countless fine mist, after waste gas fully mixes and contacts, the materials such as the dust in waste gas are absorbed in defluorinate dedusting liquid, hydrogen fluoride simultaneously in waste gas and the calcium chloride in defluorinate dedusting liquid occur, sediment falls into waste water and catchments bottom cone tank 1-2, enter purification tank for liquid waste by discharge of wastewater valve 1-3 and pipeline, part defluorinate dedusting liquid is used by defluorinate dedusting liquid return duct 1-7 and defluorinate dedusting liquid circulating pump circulation 1-6, then gas enter demister 3, and the drop in gas is here blocked, then gas enters dry section 4, the droplet be mingled with in gas is here blocked and absorbs, so far waste gas is processed into clean CO gas, waste gas continues rising and enters zoneofoxidation 6, in cupric oxide pulldown bed, carbon monoxide is oxidized to carbon dioxide, then gas enter alkalization uptake zone 2 contact with the alkali lye that alkali lye spray equipment 2-1 sprays, carbon dioxide in gas and calcium hydroxide generation chemical reaction, reaction product flows into bottom alkali lye with alkali lye and stores in groove 2-2, three phase separator 2-5 realizes gas, solid is separated with liquid, sediment is discharged valve 2-4 and emits, so far waste gas is processed into clean gas, realizes qualified discharge.
With above-mentioned according to desirable embodiment of the present invention for enlightenment, by above-mentioned description, relevant staff in the scope not departing from this invention technological thought, can carry out various change and amendment completely.The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content on description, must determine its technical scope according to right.