CN104436138A - 一种治疗肺间质纤维化的中药片剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种治疗肺间质纤维化的中药片剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于中药技术领域,特别涉及一种治疗肺间质纤维化的中药片剂及其制备方法。中药片剂由以下重量份数的中药配比而成:甘草15-20份,干姜6-8份,百部10-15份,薏苡仁8-10份,百合10-15份,麦冬6-8份,桑白皮15-20份,茯苓8-10份,沙参15-20份,黄芪10-15份,地骨皮6-8份,防己15-20份,葶苈子4-6份,糯米10-15份,桃仁8-10份,粳米8-10份,青黛15-20份,蛤粉6-8份,贝母4-6份,熟地15-20份。本发明纯属中药制剂通过中药的调理,激活肺细胞的自身免疫活性,达到控制纤维化,恢复呼吸功能的效果,制备方法简便易行,容易推广使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,特别涉及一种治疗肺间质纤维化的中药片剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
弥漫性肺间质纤维化是由多种原因引起的肺间质的炎症性疾病,病变主要累及肺间质,也可累及肺泡上皮细胞及肺血管。病因有的明确,有的未明。明确的病因有吸人无机粉尘如石棉、煤;有机粉尘如霉草尘、棉尘;气体如烟尘、二氧化硫等;病毒、细菌、真菌、寄生虫感染;药物影响及放射性损伤。本病属中医“咳嗽”、“喘证”、“肺瘘”等范畴。起病隐匿,进行性加重。表现为进行性气急,干咳少痰或少量白黏痰,晚期出现以低氧血症为主的呼吸衰竭。查体可见胸廓呼吸运动减弱,双肺可闻及细湿罗音或捻发音。有不同程度紫绀和杵状指。晚期可出现右心衰竭体征。
早期大部分是肺泡炎和部分纤维化并存,其中肺泡炎是完全可以逆转的。被炎症侵袭的肺泡的修复过程就是吸收和纤维化的过程,其恢复正常肺组织还是纤维化取决于坏死的组织碎片是否能够被完全吸收。如果不能,就会被纤维组织取代。所以当肺部出现损害之后应该尽早进行规范的治疗,以免出现更多的不可逆的纤维化组织,造成肺功能的损害。
目前的临床治疗主要是争取可逆部份和时间,控制病情发展,改善症状,提高生存质量。治疗肺纤维化很多人偏向于使用西医治疗方法,近年来的临床研究已经证实:使用激素、抗生素对抗器官纤维化只能起到抗炎的作用,并不能抑制纤维化的发展,而且长期大剂量的使用激素、抗生素不仅带来了多种严重并发症,还会加剧器官纤维化的恶化。因此,为了患者的身体健康,最好是使用无副作用的中医治疗。
发明内容
根据现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种能够激活肺细胞自身免疫活性,达到控制纤维化恢复呼吸功能的、毒副作用小的治疗肺间质纤维化的中药片剂及其制备方法。
本发明提供一种治疗肺间质纤维化的中药片剂,由以下重量份数的中药配比而成:甘草15-20份,干姜6-8份,百部10-15份,薏苡仁8-10份,百合10-15份,麦冬6-8份,桑白皮15-20份,茯苓8-10份,沙参15-20份,黄芪10-15份,地骨皮6-8份,防己15-20份,葶苈子4-6份,糯米10-15份,桃仁8-10份,粳米8-10份,青黛15-20份,蛤粉6-8份,贝母4-6份,熟地15-20份。
一种治疗肺间质纤维化的中药片剂,优选由以下重量份数的中药配比而成:甘草18份,干姜7份,百部12份,薏苡仁9份,百合13份,麦冬7份,桑白皮18份,茯苓9份,沙参17份,黄芪12份,地骨皮7份,防己18份,葶苈子5份,糯米13份,桃仁9份,粳米9份,青黛18份,蛤粉7份,贝母5份,熟地18份。
一种治疗肺间质纤维化的中药片剂的制备方法,步骤如下:
第一步,将上述中药各原料药材按比例混合,加入相对于混合物质量4~5倍的醇浓度为85%~90%的乙醇,加热回流2~4小时,过滤后获得第一提取液;过滤获得的药渣再加入相对于所述药渣质量2~3倍的醇浓度为90%~95%的乙醇,加热回流1~3小时,过滤获得第二提取液;将第一提取液和第二提取液合并,减压浓缩除去乙醇溶剂,干燥后获得干膏;
第二步,将第一步获得的干膏放置在超微粉碎机中粉碎2~3小时,粉碎过筛后,获得300目~400目的超微细粉;
第三步,将第二步获得的超微细粉,加入相对于其质量0.1~0.3倍的微晶纤维素、0.15~0.3倍乳糖和0.2~0.35倍的淀粉,过筛混合均匀,制粒干燥后,加入相对于超微细粉质量0.025~0.04倍的硬脂酸镁,整粒压片制成片剂。
服用方法:每日3次,每次2-4片,饭后服用,温水送服,7天为一个疗程。
药理分析:
甘草:味甘,性平。归心、肺、脾、胃经。能够补脾和胃,益气复脉。益气补中;缓急止痛;润肺止咳;泻火解毒;调和诸药。主治倦怠食少;肌瘦面黄;心悸气短;腹痛便溏;四肢挛急疼痛;脏躁;咳嗽气喘;咽喉肿痛;痈疮肿痛;小儿胎毒。
干姜:味辛、性微温,归肺脾胃经发汗解表,温中止呕,温肺止咳,解鱼蟹毒,解药毒。
百部:味甘、苦,性微温。归肺经。能够润肺下气止咳,杀虫。用于新久咳嗽,肺痨咳嗽,百日咳;外用于头虱,体虱,蛲虫病,阴痒。
薏苡仁:味甘、性微寒、无毒。功能健脾渗湿,除痹止泻;用于水肿、脚气、小便不利、湿痹拘挛、脾虚泄泻。
百合:味苦,性微寒。入心、肺经。养阴润肺,清心安神。养阴润肺,清心安神。用于阴虚久咳,痰中带血,虚烦惊悸,失眠多梦,精神恍惚。具有养阴润肺止咳功效,用于肺阴虚的燥热咳嗽。治肺虚久咳,劳嗽咯血。具有清心安神功效,用于热病余热未清,虚烦惊悸,失眠多梦等。
麦冬:微甘味苦,性寒;入肺胃心经;养阴生津,润肺清心;用于肺燥干咳,心烦失眠,内热消渴。
桑白皮:味甘,性寒。归肺经。能够泻肺平喘,利水消肿。用于肺热喘咳,水肿胀满尿少,面目肌肤浮肿。
茯苓:味甘、淡,性平。归心、肺、脾、肾经。主治利水渗湿,健脾宁心。用于水肿尿少,痰饮眩悸,脾虚食少,便溏泄泻,心神不安,惊悸失眠。具有抗氧化,防衰老,增加免疫力,提高大脑细胞活性的作用。茯苓有较强的利尿作用,可治疗肾炎、心衰水肿。另外还有镇静作用,对神经衰弱有效。味淡性平,善益气养血,宁心安神,败毒抗癌;药性平和,利湿而不伤正气,所含茯苓酸具有增强免疫力、抗肿瘤以及镇静、降血糖等的作用;可松弛消化道平滑肌,抑制胃酸分泌,防止肝细胞坏死,抗菌等功效。
沙参:味甘,性凉。归肺;胃经;清热养阴,润肺止咳。主治气管炎,百日咳,肺热咳嗽,咯痰黄稠。
黄芪:味甘,性温。归肺、脾经。能够补气固表,利尿托毒,排脓,敛疮生肌。用于气虚乏力,食少便溏,中气下陷,久泻脱肛,便血崩漏,表虚自汗,气虚水肿,痈疽难溃,久溃不敛,血虚痿黄,内热消渴;慢性肾炎蛋白尿,糖尿病。
地骨皮:味甘,性寒,归肺、肝、肾经。能够凉血除蒸,清肺降火。用于阴虚潮热,骨蒸盗汗,肺热咳嗽,咯血,衄血,内热消渴。
防己:味苦,性寒。归膀胱、肺经。能够利水消肿,祛风止痛。用于水肿脚气,小便不利,湿疹疮毒,风湿痹痛;高血压。
葶苈子:味辛、苦、性寒。功能泻肺降气;祛痰平喘;利水消肿;泄逐邪。功能:泻肺降气;祛痰平喘;利水消肿;泄逐邪。主治痰涎壅肺之喘咳痰多;肺痈;水肿;胸腹积水;小便不利;慢性肺源性心脏病;心力衰竭之喘肿;瘰疬结核。
糯米:味甘,性温,归脾、胃、肺经。能够补中益气;健脾止泻;缩尿;剑汗;解毒。主脾胃虚寒泄泻;霍乱吐逆;消渴尿多;自汗;痘疮;痔疮。
桃仁:味苦、甘,性平。归心、肝、大肠经。能够活血祛瘀,润肠通便。用于经闭,痛经,癓瘕痞块,跌扑损伤,肠燥便秘。主治:症瘕结块,肺痈肠痈,跌仆伤痛,经闭痛经,产后瘀痛等症,益气活血,化瘀通络,扩张心脑血管,降血脂,味苦甘而性平,能入心肝大肠,活血祛瘀作用甚广,可用治瘀血阻滞各种敝症。
粳米:味甘,微寒。能够补中益气,健脾和胃,除烦渴,止泻痢。
青黛:性味咸寒,归肝、肺、胃经。有清热解毒、凉血散肿、清肝泻火、定惊等作用。主治温病热盛,斑疹,吐血,咯血,咽痛,口疮,小儿惊痫,疮肿,丹毒,湿疹,痤痈,痄腮,蛇虫咬伤等。现代药理研究显示,青黛有抗肿瘤、抗细菌和皮肤真菌、增强免疫、治疗溃疡、保肝等作用。
蛤粉:味苦、咸,性寒。归肺、肾、胃经。能够清肺化痰;软坚散结;利水消肿;制酸止痛;敛疮收湿。主痰热咳嗽;瘿瘤;痰核;胁痛;湿热水肿;淋浊带下;胃痛泛酸;臁疮湿疹。
贝母:味苦,性微寒,归肺经,具有清热化痰止咳之功,可用于治疗痰热咳喘,咯痰黄稠之证;又兼甘味,故善润肺止咳,治疗肺有燥热之咳嗽痰少而粘之证,及阴虚燥咳劳嗽等虚证;还有散结开郁之功,治疗痰热互结所致的胸闷心烦之证,及瘰疬痰核等病。
熟地黄:性甘,微温;归肝、肾经;功专养血滋阴,填精益髓,凡真阴不足,精髓亏虚者,皆可用之。
本发明纯属中药制剂通过中药的调理,激活肺细胞的自身免疫活性,达到控制纤维化,恢复呼吸功能的效果,制备方法简便易行,容易推广使用。
疗效判断:
显效:症状消失、无咳喘现象、食欲大增、精神状态良好;
好转:症状基本消失、咳喘情况受到控制、精神好转;
无效:诸症无改善。
治疗结果:治疗337名患肺间质纤维化患者,每日3次,每次2-4片,饭后服用,温水送服,7天为一个疗程,服用3个疗程本发明的中药配方,显效329例,占97.63%,好转6例,占1.78%,总体有效率为99.41%。
附几例病例作进一步说明:
病例1:
张某,男,55岁,患者从事室内装修工作,后因咳嗽加重,食欲差、乏力,到医院就诊,确诊为间质性肺纤维化,后给予本发明配方服用2个疗程后,疾病基本全部控制住,生活基本达到健康状态。为防止复发,又进行了一个疗程的巩固治疗,随访1年无复发。
病例2:
孙某,女,38岁,患者咳嗽时伴有胸闷气短、食欲减退、倦怠乏力症状。服用本发明的中药配方2个疗程后好转,3个疗程后痊愈,随访1年无复发。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行进一步阐述,但本发明并不局限于具体实施例。
实施例1:
一种治疗肺间质纤维化的中药片剂,由以下重量份数的中药配比而成:甘草15份,干姜8份,百部10份,薏苡仁10份,百合10份,麦冬8份,桑白皮15份,茯苓10份,沙参15份,黄芪15份,地骨皮6份,防己20份,葶苈子4份,糯米15份,桃仁8份,粳米10份,青黛15份,蛤粉8份,贝母4份,熟地20份。
实施例2:
一种治疗肺间质纤维化的中药片剂,由以下重量份数的中药配比而成:甘草20份,干姜6份,百部15份,薏苡仁8份,百合15份,麦冬6份,桑白皮20份,茯苓8份,沙参20份,黄芪10份,地骨皮8份,防己15份,葶苈子6份,糯米10份,桃仁10份,粳米8份,青黛20份,蛤粉6份,贝母6份,熟地15份。
实施例3:
一种治疗肺间质纤维化的中药片剂,由以下重量份数的中药配比而成:甘草18份,干姜7份,百部12份,薏苡仁9份,百合13份,麦冬7份,桑白皮18份,茯苓9份,沙参17份,黄芪12份,地骨皮7份,防己18份,葶苈子5份,糯米13份,桃仁9份,粳米9份,青黛18份,蛤粉7份,贝母5份,熟地18份。
实施例4:
一种治疗肺间质纤维化的中药片剂的制备方法,步骤如下:
第一步,将实施例1中的中药各原料药材按比例混合,加入相对于混合物质量4倍的醇浓度为90%的乙醇,加热回流2小时,过滤后获得第一提取液;过滤获得的药渣再加入相对于所述药渣质量3倍的醇浓度为90%的乙醇,加热回流3小时,过滤获得第二提取液;将第一提取液和第二提取液合并,减压浓缩除去乙醇溶剂,干燥后获得干膏;
第二步,将第一步获得的干膏放置在超微粉碎机中粉碎2小时,粉碎过筛后,获得400目的超微细粉;
第三步,将第二步获得的超微细粉,加入相对于其质量0.1倍的微晶纤维素、0.3倍乳糖和0.2倍的淀粉,过筛混合均匀,制粒干燥后,加入相对于超微细粉质量0.04倍的硬脂酸镁,整粒压片制成片剂。
服用方法:每日3次,每次2片,饭后服用,温水送服,7天为一个疗程。
实施例5:
一种治疗肺间质纤维化的中药片剂的制备方法,步骤如下:
第一步,将实施例2中的中药各原料药材按比例混合,加入相对于混合物质量5倍的醇浓度为85%的乙醇,加热回流2小时,过滤后获得第一提取液;过滤获得的药渣再加入相对于所述药渣质量3倍的醇浓度为90%的乙醇,加热回流1小时,过滤获得第二提取液;将第一提取液和第二提取液合并,减压浓缩除去乙醇溶剂,干燥后获得干膏;
第二步,将第一步获得的干膏放置在超微粉碎机中粉碎3小时,粉碎过筛后,获得300目的超微细粉;
第三步,将第二步获得的超微细粉,加入相对于其质量0.3倍的微晶纤维素、0.15倍乳糖和0.35倍的淀粉,过筛混合均匀,制粒干燥后,加入相对于超微细粉质量0.025倍的硬脂酸镁,整粒压片制成片剂。
服用方法:每日3次,每次4片,饭后服用,温水送服,7天为一个疗程。
实施例6:
一种治疗肺间质纤维化的中药片剂的制备方法,步骤如下:
第一步,将实施例3中的中药各原料药材按比例混合,加入相对于混合物质量4倍的醇浓度为88%的乙醇,加热回流3小时,过滤后获得第一提取液;过滤获得的药渣再加入相对于所述药渣质量2倍的醇浓度为92%的乙醇,加热回流2小时,过滤获得第二提取液;将第一提取液和第二提取液合并,减压浓缩除去乙醇溶剂,干燥后获得干膏;
第二步,将第一步获得的干膏放置在超微粉碎机中粉碎2小时,粉碎过筛后,获得350目的超微细粉;
第三步,将第二步获得的超微细粉,加入相对于其质量0.2倍的微晶纤维素、0.2倍乳糖和0.3倍的淀粉,过筛混合均匀,制粒干燥后,加入相对于超微细粉质量0.03倍的硬脂酸镁,整粒压片制成片剂。
服用方法:每日3次,每次3片,饭后服用,温水送服,7天为一个疗程。
以上已将本发明做一详细说明,以上所述,仅为本发明之较佳实施例而已,当不能限定本发明实施范围,即凡依本申请范围所作均等变化与修饰,皆应仍属本发明涵盖范围内。
Claims (3)
1.一种治疗肺间质纤维化的中药片剂,其特征在于由以下重量份数的中药配比而成:甘草15-20份,干姜6-8份,百部10-15份,薏苡仁8-10份,百合10-15份,麦冬6-8份,桑白皮15-20份,茯苓8-10份,沙参15-20份,黄芪10-15份,地骨皮6-8份,防己15-20份,葶苈子4-6份,糯米10-15份,桃仁8-10份,粳米8-10份,青黛15-20份,蛤粉6-8份,贝母4-6份,熟地15-20份。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种治疗肺间质纤维化的中药片剂,其特征在于由以下重量份数的中药配比而成:甘草18份,干姜7份,百部12份,薏苡仁9份,百合13份,麦冬7份,桑白皮18份,茯苓9份,沙参17份,黄芪12份,地骨皮7份,防己18份,葶苈子5份,糯米13份,桃仁9份,粳米9份,青黛18份,蛤粉7份,贝母5份,熟地18份。
3.一种权利要求1所述的治疗肺间质纤维化的中药片剂的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
第一步,将上述中药各原料药材按比例混合,加入相对于混合物质量4~5倍的醇浓度为85%~90%的乙醇,加热回流2~4小时,过滤后获得第一提取液;过滤获得的药渣再加入相对于所述药渣质量2~3倍的醇浓度为90%~95%的乙醇,加热回流1~3小时,过滤获得第二提取液;将第一提取液和第二提取液合并,减压浓缩除去乙醇溶剂,干燥后获得干膏;
第二步,将第一步获得的干膏放置在超微粉碎机中粉碎2~3小时,粉碎过筛后,获得300目~400目的超微细粉;
第三步,将第二步获得的超微细粉,加入相对于其质量0.1~0.3倍的微晶纤维素、0.15~0.3倍乳糖和0.2~0.35倍的淀粉,过筛混合均匀,制粒干燥后,加入相对于超微细粉质量0.025~0.04倍的硬脂酸镁,整粒压片制成片剂。
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