CN104432476A - Tobacco stem grading method beneficial to grouping processing - Google Patents
Tobacco stem grading method beneficial to grouping processing Download PDFInfo
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- CN104432476A CN104432476A CN201410617352.1A CN201410617352A CN104432476A CN 104432476 A CN104432476 A CN 104432476A CN 201410617352 A CN201410617352 A CN 201410617352A CN 104432476 A CN104432476 A CN 104432476A
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- principal component
- offal
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- principal components
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B5/00—Stripping tobacco; Treatment of stems or ribs
- A24B5/16—Other treatment of stems or ribs, e.g. bending, chopping, incising
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tobacco stem grading method beneficial to grouping processing. At first, six indexes, such as cell wall matter, total sugar, total nitrogen, starch, total vegetable alkaloid and protein, of a tobacco stem sample are detected, principal component analysis and clustering analysis are carried out on the detection result, the tobacco stem sample is divided into first principal components A and second principal components B according to the principal component analysis result, the first principal components A are clustered to form three kinds which are A1, A2 and A3, the second principal components B are clustered to form three kinds which are B1, B2 and B3, the three kinds, divided according to clusters, of the first principal components A account for a high interval, a middle interval and a low interval of the total content of the first principal components A, the three kinds, divided according to clusters, of the second principal components A account for a high interval, a middle interval and a low interval of the total content of the second principal components A, and tobacco stem grading is conducted. The tobacco stem grading method is easy to operate, scientific and beneficial to further grouping processing of different tobacco stems and has good application prospects.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of tobacco, relate to offal stage division, relate to a kind of foundation main body chemical component difference specifically and carry out distinguishing and be beneficial to the offal stage division of later stage grouping Processing.
Background technology
Offal is the Main By product of tobacco productive corporation, accounts for about 25% ~ 30% of tobacco leaf gross weight.Present stage, tobacco business generally will add in cigarette composition after cabo expansion, in addition, also had and offal was prepared into granule peduncle and thin slice is applied.Along with improving constantly of stem crudy, stem, as the packing material of cigarette, is widely used in cigarette.
Along with the development of tobacco business, the phenomenon of cigarette brand differentiation is more and more outstanding, and different types of structure cigarette becomes the main flow of Developing.For highlighting cigarette otherness further, the cigarette of different types of structure also changes in generation significantly to the demand of stem.At present, offal processing mode is comparatively single, consider that the inherent component of different offal has larger difference, the cut stem quality of preparation also can produce obvious difference, better mate from different structure (different class) cigarette to allow stem, need to carry out effective classification to offal, for its rationally application in cigarette provides science to support.
At present, about the research of offal classification aspect is less, only Zhang Chunxiang etc. have carried out Primary Study to offal grouping Processing, with offal water absorption rate for index has carried out grouping and the following process of offal, clear and definite not to the partitioning standards of different offal.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of offal stage division being beneficial to grouping Processing, to solve the classification problems of offal, strengthen the matching degree of stem and different class cigarette, and then lifting cigarette quality.
Object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs.
Except as otherwise noted, percentage of the present invention is mass percent.
Be beneficial to an offal stage division for grouping Processing, comprise the following steps:
(1) key chemical Indexs measure: using the content of the cell wall substance in offal, total reducing sugar, total nitrogen, starch, total alkaloid and protein as key chemical index, detects offal sample to be fractionated;
(2) principal component analysis: utilize the detection data of statistics software SPSS to offal sample 6 key chemical indexs to carry out principal component analysis, key chemical Index areas is divided into first principal component A and Second principal component, B;
(3) cluster analysis: more respectively cluster analysis is carried out to first principal component A and Second principal component, B related data separately, be polymerized to three classes respectively, be designated as A1, A2 and A3 respectively; And B1, B2 and B3;
(4) offal classification: the result according to cluster analysis carries out classification to offal, by offal class letter is: alphabetical G+ principal component category-A not+principal component category-B is other.
With total reducing sugar and protein for first principal component A, with total alkaloid, total nitrogen, starch and cell wall substance for Second principal component, B.
Described A1, A2 and A3 are respectively principal component A total content and are less than 28%, 28% ~ 33% and be greater than 33%.
Described B1, B2 and B3 are respectively principal component B total content and are less than 44%, 44% ~ 49% and be greater than 49%.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, the method classification foundation is the key chemical components content in offal, and therefore grade classification has more science, can distinguish the offal of different quality preferably;
2, in process, the offal after classification can be sorted out according to the difference of classification, contributes to later stage classification processing;
3, the offal stage division in the present invention is comparatively simple, and operability is comparatively strong, is suitable for extensive popularization.
Detailed description of the invention
Be illustrated the present invention below by embodiment, it should be noted that specific embodiment is limited the present invention never in any form, according to the teachings of the present invention done any change or replacement, all belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
1. 24 kinds of offals of random selecting separate sources, to cell wall substance total amount, total reducing sugar, total nitrogen, starch, total alkaloid, protein totally 6 indexs measure, the data obtained is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
2. adopted by the data obtained SPSS software to carry out principal component analysis, population variance and the component matrix of gained explanation are as shown in the table respectively, and from table, extract first principal component is total reducing sugar and protein; Second principal component, is then total alkaloid, total nitrogen, starch and cell wall substance.
Extracting method: principal component analysis.
3. according to first and second principal component index, carry out K cluster analysis respectively, be polymerized to 3 classes respectively, the result of gained is as shown in following table (table: 4 and table 5), after cluster, classification A1, A2 and A3 are respectively principal component A total content and are less than 28%, 28% ~ 33% and be greater than 33% respectively, and classification B1, B2 and B3 class are respectively principal component B total content and are less than 44%, 44% ~ 49% and be greater than 49%.
The principal component A total amount that table 4 classification is corresponding
The principal component B total amount that table 5 classification is corresponding
| Offal is numbered | Principal component B total amount | Principal component B cluster |
| 17 | 41.51 | B 1 |
| 24 | 42.25 | B 1 |
| 18 | 42.37 | B 1 |
| 16 | 43.58 | B 1 |
| 8 | 43.63 | B 1 |
| 20 | 43.66 | B 1 |
| 19 | 43.97 | B 1 |
| 13 | 44.78 | B 2 |
| 15 | 44.86 | B 2 |
| 23 | 45.11 | B 2 |
| 11 | 45.43 | B 2 |
| 21 | 45.45 | B 2 |
| 9 | 45.56 | B 2 |
| 7 | 45.69 | B 2 |
| 14 | 46.15 | B 2 |
| 22 | 46.25 | B 2 |
| 10 | 46.45 | B 2 |
| 5 | 46.73 | B 2 |
| 12 | 46.84 | B 2 |
| 3 | 46.93 | B 2 |
| 1 | 49.37 | B 3 |
| 4 | 49.78 | B 3 |
| 6 | 50.16 | B 3 |
| 2 | 52.62 | B 3 |
4. in conjunction with above-mentioned analysis result, carry out classification to 24 kinds of offal samples, gained classification numbering defines according to cluster analysis result, concrete label be G+ principal component category-A not+principal component category-B is other.Refer to table 6.
The classification numbering situation that the different offal of table 6 is corresponding
| Numbering | Divide level number | Numbering | Divide level number |
| 1 | GA1B3 | 13 | GA2 B2 |
| 2 | GA1 B3 | 14 | GA3 B2 |
| 3 | GA1 B2 | 15 | GA2 B2 |
| 4 | GA1 B3 | 16 | GA3B1 |
| 5 | GA1 B2 | 17 | GA3B1 |
| 6 | GA1 B3 | 18 | GA2B1 |
| 7 | GA2 B2 | 19 | GA2B1 |
| 8 | GA2B1 | 20 | GA3B1 |
| 9 | GA3 B2 | 21 | GA2 B2 |
| 10 | GA2 B2 | 22 | GA2 B2 |
| 11 | GA2 B2 | 23 | GA2 B2 |
| 12 | GA2 B2 | 24 | GA2B1 |
5. further, according to formed classification numbering, process respectively after 24 kinds of offals being merged according to following principle: 1) fancy grade: after classifying according to the carrying out that point level number is identical, carry out offal processing; 2) secondary top grade: consider that A principal component composition accounting is larger, number identical carrying out with A and preferentially sort out, as GA2B1 and GA2B2 can be classified as a class for post-production.
6. according to offal after classification, in conjunction with Demand for cigarettes, carry out offal and mix and join, GA1 (B1 ~ B2) is applicable to mixing in the above cigarette of a general class joining; GA2 (B1 ~ B2) is applicable to mixing in two class cigarette joining; GA1B3, GA2B3, GA3B1 are applicable to mixing in three class cigarette joining; GA3 (B2 ~ B3) is then applicable to mixing in four classes and five class cigarette joining.The uniformity of cigarette quality obviously can be increased after being processed by classification offal.Specifically mix and join form as following table 7:
The suitability of table 7 different classification offal in different classes of cigarette and uniformity
Application Example 1:
Draft the cell wall substance of classification offal, total reducing sugar, total alkaloid, total nitrogen, starch and protein content testing result difference 40.33%, 19.40%, 0.46%, 1.71%, 1.25%, 3.58%, to calculate principal component A content be 22.98%, principal component B content is 43.75%.According to above-mentioned stage division, this offal classification results is GA1B1, is applicable to mixing being assigned in the above cigarette of a general class.
Application Example 2:
Draft the cell wall substance of classification offal, total reducing sugar, total alkaloid, total nitrogen, starch and protein content testing result difference 42.23%, 29.30%, 0.57%, 1.81%, 1.15%, 2.96%, to calculate principal component A content be 32.26%, principal component B content is 45.76%.According to above-mentioned stage division, this offal classification results is GA2B2, can be used for mixing being assigned in two class cigarette.
Application Example 3:
Draft the cell wall substance of classification offal, total reducing sugar, total alkaloid, total nitrogen, starch and protein content testing result difference 42.33%, 31.60%, 0.37%, 1.89%, 0.65%, 2.84%, to calculate principal component A content be 34.44%, principal component B content is 45.24%.According to above-mentioned stage division, this offal classification results is GA3B2, can be used for mixing being assigned in four class cigarette.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. be beneficial to an offal stage division for grouping Processing, comprise the following steps:
(1) key chemical Indexs measure: using the content of the cell wall substance in offal, total reducing sugar, total nitrogen, starch, total alkaloid and protein as key chemical index, detects offal sample to be fractionated;
(2) principal component analysis: utilize the detection data of statistics software SPSS to offal sample 6 key chemical indexs to carry out principal component analysis, key chemical Index areas is divided into first principal component A and Second principal component, B;
(3) cluster analysis: more respectively cluster analysis is carried out to first principal component A and Second principal component, B related data separately, be polymerized to three classes respectively, be designated as A1, A2 and A3 respectively; And B1, B2 and B3;
(4) offal classification: the result according to cluster analysis carries out classification to offal, by offal class letter is: alphabetical G+ principal component category-A not+principal component category-B is other.
2. stage division according to claim 1, is characterized in that: with total reducing sugar and protein for first principal component A, with total alkaloid, total nitrogen, starch and cell wall substance for Second principal component, B.
3. stage division according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described A1, A2 and A3 are respectively principal component A total content and are less than 28%, 28% ~ 33% and be greater than 33%; Described B1, B2 and B3 are respectively principal component B total content and are less than 44%, 44% ~ 49% and be greater than 49%.
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5826590A (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 1998-10-27 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp. | Method and plant for treating tobacco stems for the production of cut tobacco |
| CN101305836A (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-11-19 | 云南瑞升烟草技术（集团）有限公司 | Method and device for preparing expanded stem granule |
| CN101390653A (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2009-03-25 | 南京瑞驰电子技术工程实业有限公司 | Tobacco stem expansion granulation technique method and device |
| CN101611924A (en) * | 2009-07-13 | 2009-12-30 | 云南昆船设计研究院 | A kind of offal processing method |
| CN102920005A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-02-13 | 川渝中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco raw material classifying and grouping method |
-
2014
- 2014-11-05 CN CN201410617352.1A patent/CN104432476A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5826590A (en) * | 1996-09-26 | 1998-10-27 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp. | Method and plant for treating tobacco stems for the production of cut tobacco |
| CN101305836A (en) * | 2007-05-18 | 2008-11-19 | 云南瑞升烟草技术（集团）有限公司 | Method and device for preparing expanded stem granule |
| CN101390653A (en) * | 2008-10-28 | 2009-03-25 | 南京瑞驰电子技术工程实业有限公司 | Tobacco stem expansion granulation technique method and device |
| CN101611924A (en) * | 2009-07-13 | 2009-12-30 | 云南昆船设计研究院 | A kind of offal processing method |
| CN102920005A (en) * | 2012-11-22 | 2013-02-13 | 川渝中烟工业有限责任公司 | Tobacco raw material classifying and grouping method |
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Application publication date: 20150325 |