CN104419518A - Vegetable fat dissociation-chelating degumming method - Google Patents
Vegetable fat dissociation-chelating degumming method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000010779 crude oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003352 sequestering agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 102000004895 Lipoproteins Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 108090001030 Lipoproteins Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminopropan-2-ol Chemical compound CC(O)CN HXKKHQJGJAFBHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BPSYZMLXRKCSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,2-dioxaphosphepan-2-ium 2-oxide Chemical compound O=[P+]1OCCCCO1 BPSYZMLXRKCSJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- JJJOZVFVARQUJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CP(O)(O)=O JJJOZVFVARQUJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QILXPCHTWXAUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na].NCCN Chemical compound [Na].NCCN QILXPCHTWXAUHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000805 Polyaspartic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxy(oxo)silane Chemical compound O[Si](O)=O IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- DCEMCPAKSGRHCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxirane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1OC1C(O)=O DCEMCPAKSGRHCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010773 plant oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 108010064470 polyaspartate Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229960001124 trientine Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- -1 triethylene tetramine hexa-methylene phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- XYBHHDIIOKAINY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1,2-dicarboxyethylamino)-3-hydroxybutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)C(C(O)=O)NC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O XYBHHDIIOKAINY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 abstract description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 23
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000009920 chelation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000021588 free fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 240000000432 Pistacia chinensis Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000014123 Pistacia chinensis Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 244000248162 Xanthoceras sorbifolium Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000009240 Xanthoceras sorbifolium Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 5
- 240000000950 Hippophae rhamnoides Species 0.000 description 4
- 235000003145 Hippophae rhamnoides Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000221089 Jatropha Species 0.000 description 4
- 244000057114 Sapium sebiferum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000005128 Sapium sebiferum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000006766 Cornus mas Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 description 2
- KDKJYYNXYAZPIK-UHFFFAOYSA-J aluminum potassium disulfate hydrate Chemical compound O.[Al+3].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KDKJYYNXYAZPIK-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195730 Aflatoxin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- XWIYFDMXXLINPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aflatoxin G Chemical compound O=C1OCCC2=C1C(=O)OC1=C2C(OC)=CC2=C1C1C=COC1O2 XWIYFDMXXLINPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000142975 Cornaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000931143 Gleditsia sinensis Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930182558 Sterol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 240000001866 Vernicia fordii Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000006917 Vernicia montana Species 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005409 aflatoxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003905 agrochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009874 alkali refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 150000003432 sterols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000167 toxic agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N triformin Chemical compound O=COCC(OC=O)COC=O UFTFJSFQGQCHQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005457 triglyceride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/001—Refining fats or fatty oils by a combination of two or more of the means hereafter
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/008—Refining fats or fatty oils by filtration, e.g. including ultra filtration, dialysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
- C11B3/00—Refining fats or fatty oils
- C11B3/02—Refining fats or fatty oils by chemical reaction
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a dissociation-chelation degumming method of vegetable fat; filtering the crude oil to remove solid particle impurities, and heating to 40-90 ℃; adding a composite degumming agent aqueous solution with the mass of 1.0-5.0% of crude oil under the condition of the rotating speed of 80-150 revolutions per minute, and reacting for 2-15 min at constant temperature; then, the rotation speed is adjusted to 30-60 revolutions per minute, and the reaction is carried out for 10-30 min at constant temperature. Standing separation or centrifugal separation is adopted after the reaction is finished to obtain degummed oil and oil horns; the compound degumming solution consists of a chelating agent, a dissociating agent and deionized water; the degumming process of the method can synchronously carry out the chelation reaction and dissociation conversion reaction of the non-hydrophilic phospholipid and the complex flocculation process of the hydrophilic phospholipid, thereby realizing the one-step method for removing colloids such as phospholipid, metal and the like; has the characteristics of simple process, wide raw material adaptability, less grease loss and the like, and is suitable for processing and producing vegetable grease.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the processing category of vegetables oil, particularly relate to a kind of dissociation-chelating Degumming method of the raw plant oil utilizing squeezing or impregnation technology to prepare.
Background technology
With draft oilseeds such as woody oleiferous plants seed and soybean, vegetable seed, peanut such as Jatropha curcus, Chinese pistache, Wood of Shinyleaf Yellowhorn, wilson dogwoods for raw material, the grease adopting mechanical expression or mode solvent extraction to produce is referred to as crude oil, and its main component is triglyceride level and free fatty acids.In addition, moisture, solid impurity (oil plant crumb, straw fibre), peptized impurities (phosphatide, protein, carbohydrate), oil-soluble impurities (free fatty acids, sterol, pigment), toxicant (aflatoxin, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, agricultural chemicals) etc. are also had.The existence of these impurity not only affects edibleness and the safe storage of grease, and brings difficulty to follow-up deep processing.When especially using as the raw material (biofuel and aviation biofuel) of biofuel, these impurity can have very large impact to preparation technology, catalyzer and quality product.Therefore, crude oil refining is the prerequisite applied further of vegetables oil and basis.
Chemical refining is traditional fat processing method, is also oil and fat refining method the most frequently used at present, generally comprise come unstuck, neutralize, dewater, decolour, the operation such as deodorization.To come unstuck colloids such as mainly removing phosphatide, protein, carbohydrate; Neutralization is by the free fatty acids in alkali and in grease; Dehydration adopts to vacuumize except the free-water in degrease; Decolouring utilizes the unsaponifiables in the absorb oils such as carclazyte; Deodorization utilizes the method for wet distillation except the flavour substances in degrease.
Remove the technological process of peptized impurities in crude oil to be called and to come unstuck, its method can be divided into hydration degum, alkaline process comes unstuck, enzymatic degumming etc.Hydration degum is the wetting ability utilizing phosphatide, makes hydrated phospholipid water-swelling, cohesion, forms micelle and separates out, realize and being separated of grease.It can only remove hydrability phosphatide, and can not remove nonhydratable property phosphatide, and efficiency of coming unstuck is lower than 70%, can not reach the requirement of downstream user.Chemical Degumming is the free fatty acids in utilizing certain density caustic soda, soda ash or aqua calcis in wool lubricant, the soap stock generated can be carried under one's arms the peptized impurities such as phosphatide, carbohydrate and part oil-soluble impurities get off by cotton-shaped soap group, and therefore chemical Degumming itself has depickling, comes unstuck, takes off the comprehensive action such as solid impurity and decolouring.The method of the chemical refinings such as use is come unstuck as disclosed in patent CN1147009A, CN1749380A, CN104021A, CN1147011A, neutralization carrys out the grease of production different standards.The operational path of chemical Degumming is long, energy consumption is also large.Neutralize (alkali refining) not only can cause free fatty acids to lose simultaneously, and the Chinese honey locust produced can carry the triglyceride level of 20 ~ 50% secretly, causes refining losses rate to increase.In addition due to needs laundry soap compound, therefore also can produce waste water, the COD value of these waste water is higher, difficult treatment.Although equipment and process is updated in recent years, chemical Degumming principle never changes over nearly 70 years.Enzymatic degumming is exactly the phosphatide generation specific reaction utilized in Phospholipid hydrolase and oil, and one or two lipid acid in excision non-hydratable phospholipid, generates hydrated phospholipid, then with water in combination with to precipitate or centrifugation removes from oil.Come unstuck as openly used the method for Phospholipid hydrolase in patent CN101092587A, CN1066679A.Enzyme process is applied to industrial production by Germany Lurgui company the earliest, but due to Phospholipid hydrolase limited source, expensive, require high to equipment operating environment, and the adaptability of coming unstuck remains some shortcomings, therefore the method does not carry out large-scale promotion always.
Containing tens metal ion species such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, zinc in Vegetable oil lipoprotein, content is generally between 50 ~ 500 μ g/g.These metal ions are mostly combined into double salt formula phosphatide with P contained compound, at this moment do not have hydrophilic radical in phosphatide cpd, polarity dies down, and are dissolved in oil phase completely, are difficult to remove.The present invention utilizes the double salt formula phosphatide generation chelatropic reaction of compound scouring solution and metal ion, generates the inner complex of positive tetrahedron, regular hexahedron and regular octahedron; Simultaneously with the conversion reaction of non-hydrophilic phosphatide generation dissociation, the wetting ability phosphatide of generation flocculates into macrobead network throw out from oil phase, thus reaches degumming effect.Its advantage is that technique is simple, adaptability to raw material wide, grease loss is few, and be applicable to interval or the serialization processing of Vegetable oil lipoprotein, there is not been reported for the application at present in fat degumming technique.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of dissociation-chelating Degumming method of Vegetable oil lipoprotein.The colloids such as this technique energy disposable non-hydrophilic phosphatide removed in grease, wetting ability phosphatide, metal and pigment, thus reduce the consumption of sorbent material in decoloration process; Have that technique is simple, adaptability to raw material be wide, grease loss less, efficiency of coming unstuck high, be applicable to interval or the serialization processing of Vegetable oil lipoprotein.
Raw plant oil scouring processes of the present invention is as follows:
A) filtered by the crude oil squeezed or extract, removing solid particle polluter wherein, is then heated to 40 ~ 90 DEG C;
B) under the condition of rotating speed 80 ~ 150 revs/min, the compound degumming agent aqueous solution that quality is crude oil 1.0 ~ 5.0% is added, isothermal reaction 2 ~ 15min;
C) then rotating speed is adjusted to 30 ~ 60 revs/min, isothermal reaction 10 ~ 30min, reaction terminates rear employing standing separation or centrifugation, obtains degummed oil and You Jiao;
Described compound scouring solution is made up of sequestrant, dissociation agent and deionized water, the quality proportioning of sequestrant and dissociation agent is 0.5 ~ 5:1, scouring solution by said mixture and deionized water formulated, the quality proportioning of the mixture that deionized water and sequestrant and dissociation agent are formed is 2 ~ 10:1.
Described sequestrant is selected from N, N-dicarboxylic acid amino-2-hydroxy propane base sodium sulfonate, 3-hydroxyl-2,2 '-iminodisuccinic acid four sodium and salt thereof; Sodium ethylenediamine tetramethylenephosphonate, triethylene tetramine hexa-methylene phosphonic acids, 1-hydroxy methylene-1,1 '-di 2 ethylhexyl phosphonic acid and salt thereof; Poly-aspartic-acid and salt thereof; One in glucose, metasilicic acid, poly carboxylic acid, poly-epoxy succinic acid and salt thereof or several arbitrarily.
Described dissociation agent is selected from the one or several arbitrarily in maleic acid, FUMARIC ACID TECH GRADE, alum, ferrous sulfate, water glass, acid anhydrides, tertiary sodium phosphate, salt, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate.
The crude oil used in above-mentioned scouring processes is Jatropha curcus, Chinese pistache, Wood of Shinyleaf Yellowhorn, wilson dogwood, Aleurites montana, sea-buckthorn, oil tea, tung oil tree, Chinese tallow tree, one or more in sewer oil and algae grease.
Crude oil after filtering and impurity removing is heated to 40 ~ 90 DEG C, under agitation, add compound scouring solution, constant temperature stirs 20 ~ 60min, make the double salt formula phosphatide generation chelatropic reaction of sequestrant and metal ion, generate the inner complex of positive tetrahedron, regular hexahedron and regular octahedron; Simultaneously dissociation agent makes the colloid of the not metal ion such as N-acyl group kephalin and β-phosphatide change into wetting ability phosphatide further; and in and the surface charge of dispersion particle and hydrauture; impel phosphatide from oil phase, flocculate into macrobead complex compound sediment thing; adopt standing sedimentation or centrifugation to remove colloid, obtain degummed oil.
Described scouring processes can make the chelatropic reaction of non-hydrophilic phosphatide and dissociation conversion reaction synchronously carry out, and makes wetting ability phosphatide from oil phase, flocculate into macrobead network throw out simultaneously, to realize being continuously separated.The method has the features such as technique is simple, adaptability to raw material wide, grease loses less, cost is low, is applicable to the Vegetable oil lipoprotein processing of different acid number, different gum level.
The present invention can not only remove colloid in different quality grease and metal ion (decreasing ratio of phosphatide and metal is all more than 90%) efficiently, reduces the consumption of sorbent material in decoloration process; And scouring processes free fatty acids does not lose, grease rate of loss is little, non-wastewater discharge, thus reduces production cost, improves efficiency of coming unstuck, and effectively ensure that the quality of degummed oil; Be applicable to the crude oil of different quality, different acid number simultaneously.Of the present invention come unstuck efficiency and stability high, can large-scale operate continuously be carried out.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
100g Jatropha curcus crude oil (phosphorus content 161.3ug/g, metal 452.1ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.65%, acidity 7.62%) is heated to 70 DEG C, add under 120 revs/min of agitation conditions by N, the compound scouring solution 3.5g of N-dicarboxylic acid amino-2-hydroxy propane base sodium sulfonate, FUMARIC ACID TECH GRADE and deionized water composition, isothermal reaction 10min.Then rotating speed is adjusted to 60 revs/min, filters after isothermal reaction 15min and obtain degummed oil.The phosphorus content 8.6ug/g of product, metal 12.1ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.45%, acidity 7.58%; Grease rate of loss 0.84%.
Embodiment 2
100g sea-buckthorn crude oil (phosphorus content 267.2ug/g, metal 148.8ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.71%, acidity 0.69%) is heated to 75 DEG C, add under 100 revs/min of agitation conditions by N, the compound scouring solution 4.0g of N-dicarboxylic acid amino-2-hydroxy propane base sodium sulfonate, FUMARIC ACID TECH GRADE and deionized water composition, isothermal reaction 15min.Then rotating speed is adjusted to 50 revs/min, filters after isothermal reaction 20min and obtain degummed oil.The phosphorus content 9.8ug/g of product, metal 14.5ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.55%, acidity 0.68%; Grease rate of loss 1.09%.
Embodiment 3
100g wilson dogwood crude oil (phosphorus content 85.3ug/g, metal 36.2ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.71%, acidity 9.8%) is heated to 65 DEG C, add under 150 revs/min of agitation conditions by 1-hydroxy methylene-1, the compound scouring solution 3.0g of 1 '-di 2 ethylhexyl phosphonic acid, alum and deionized water composition, isothermal reaction 10min.Then rotating speed is adjusted to 40 revs/min, filters after isothermal reaction 25min and obtain degummed oil.The phosphorus content 6.9ug/g of product, metal 8..8ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.56%, acidity 9.7%; Grease rate of loss 0.57%.
Embodiment 4
100g algae crude oil (phosphorus content 178.4ug/g, metal 136.2ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.91%, acidity 6.5%) is heated to 80 DEG C, add under 80 revs/min of agitation conditions by 1-hydroxy methylene-1, the compound scouring solution 5.0g of 1 '-di 2 ethylhexyl phosphonic acid, alum and deionized water composition, isothermal reaction 5min.Then rotating speed is adjusted to 30 revs/min, filters after isothermal reaction 25min and obtain degummed oil.The phosphorus content 8.1ug/g of product, metal 10.7ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.66%, acidity 6.7%; Grease rate of loss 0.89%.
Embodiment 5
100g Jatropha curcus crude oil and Chinese pistache crude oil are heated to 65 DEG C by the grease of 1:1 mixing (phosphorus content 148.5ug/g, metal 328.2ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.78%, acidity 6.91%), add under 100 revs/min of agitation conditions by N, the compound scouring solution 4.5g of N-dicarboxylic acid amino-2-hydroxy propane base sodium sulfonate, sodium ethylenediamine tetramethylenephosphonate, ferrous sulfate and deionized water composition, isothermal reaction 4min.Then rotating speed is adjusted to 30 revs/min, filters after isothermal reaction 20min and obtain degummed oil.The phosphorus content 9.7ug/g of product, metal 10.4ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.62%, acidity 6.89%; Grease rate of loss 0.73%.
Embodiment 6
100g Wood of Shinyleaf Yellowhorn crude oil and oil tea crude oil are heated to 73 DEG C by the grease of 1:1 mixing (phosphorus content 121.4ug/g, metal 126.1ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.54%, acidity 3.55%), add under 80 revs/min of agitation conditions by N, the compound scouring solution 4.0g of N-dicarboxylic acid amino-2-hydroxy propane base sodium sulfonate, sodium ethylenediamine tetramethylenephosphonate, ferrous sulfate and deionized water composition, isothermal reaction 3min.Then rotating speed is adjusted to 30 revs/min, filters after isothermal reaction 25min and obtain degummed oil.The phosphorus content 7.2ug/g of product, metal 9.1ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.48%, acidity 3.45%; Grease rate of loss 0.66%.
Embodiment 7
100g sea-buckthorn crude oil and Chinese tallow tree crude oil are heated to 60 DEG C by the grease of 1:1 mixing (phosphorus content 135.3ug/g, metal 108.2ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.58%, acidity 4.30%), 1-hydroxy methylene-1 is added under 70 revs/min of agitation conditions, the compound scouring solution 4.0g of 1 '-di 2 ethylhexyl phosphonic acid, glucose solution and acid anhydrides composition, isothermal reaction 3min.Then rotating speed is adjusted to 35 revs/min, filters after isothermal reaction 24min and obtain degummed oil.The phosphorus content 10.2ug/g of product, metal 9.5ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.50%, acidity 4.28%; Grease rate of loss 0.70%.
Embodiment 8
100g sea-buckthorn crude oil and Chinese tallow tree crude oil are heated to 73 DEG C by the grease of 1:1 mixing (phosphorus content 135.3ug/g, metal 108.2ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.58%, acidity 4.30%), poly-aspartic-acid and metasilicic acid solution 4.0g, isothermal reaction 3min is added under 80 revs/min of agitation conditions.Then rotating speed is adjusted to 30 revs/min, filters after isothermal reaction 25min and obtain degummed oil.The phosphorus content 7.0ug/g of product, metal 9.2ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.47%, acidity 4.42%; Grease rate of loss 0.71%.
Embodiment 9
100g Chinese pistache crude oil and Wood of Shinyleaf Yellowhorn crude oil are heated to 75 DEG C by the grease of 1:1 mixing (phosphorus content 124.8ug/g, metal 97.6ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.46%, acidity 3.93%), triethylene tetramine hexa-methylene phosphonic acids and poly-epoxy succinic acid solution 4.0g, isothermal reaction 5min is added under 80 revs/min of agitation conditions.Then rotating speed is adjusted to 40 revs/min, filters after isothermal reaction 20min and obtain degummed oil.The phosphorus content 8.8ug/g of product, metal 9.4ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.42%, acidity 3.90%; Grease rate of loss 0.69%.
Embodiment 10
100g Chinese pistache crude oil and Wood of Shinyleaf Yellowhorn crude oil are heated to 75 DEG C by the grease of 1:1 mixing (phosphorus content 124.8ug/g, metal 97.6ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.46%, acidity 3.93%), sodium ethylenediamine tetramethylenephosphonate, glucose and sodium hydroxide solution 4.0g is added, isothermal reaction 5min under 80 revs/min of agitation conditions.Then rotating speed is adjusted to 40 revs/min, filters after isothermal reaction 20min and obtain degummed oil.The phosphorus content 8.4ug/g of product, metal 9.2ug/g, unsaponifiables 0.41%, acidity 3.89%; Grease rate of loss 0.68%.
Table 1 fat degumming testing data
Claims (1)
1. dissociation-chelating Degumming method of Vegetable oil lipoprotein, is characterized in that:
Raw plant oil scouring processes is as follows:
A) filtered by the crude oil squeezed or extract, removing solid particle polluter wherein, is then heated to 40 ~ 90 DEG C;
B) under the condition of rotating speed 80 ~ 150 revs/min, the compound degumming agent aqueous solution that quality is crude oil 1.0 ~ 5.0% is added, isothermal reaction 2 ~ 15min;
C) then rotating speed is adjusted to 30 ~ 60 revs/min, isothermal reaction 10 ~ 30min, reaction terminates rear employing standing separation or centrifugation, obtains degummed oil and You Jiao;
Described compound scouring solution is made up of sequestrant, dissociation agent and deionized water, the quality proportioning of sequestrant and dissociation agent is 0.5 ~ 5:1, scouring solution by said mixture and deionized water formulated, the quality proportioning of the mixture that deionized water and sequestrant and dissociation agent are formed is 2 ~ 10:1;
Described sequestrant is selected from N, N-dicarboxylic acid amino-2-hydroxy propane base sodium sulfonate, 3-hydroxyl-2,2 '-iminodisuccinic acid four sodium and salt thereof; Sodium ethylenediamine tetramethylenephosphonate, triethylene tetramine hexa-methylene phosphonic acids, 1-hydroxy methylene-1,1 '-di 2 ethylhexyl phosphonic acid and salt thereof; Poly-aspartic-acid and salt thereof; One in glucose, metasilicic acid, poly carboxylic acid, poly-epoxy succinic acid and salt thereof or several arbitrarily;
Described dissociation agent is selected from the one or several arbitrarily in maleic acid, FUMARIC ACID TECH GRADE, alum, ferrous sulfate, water glass, acid anhydrides, tertiary sodium phosphate, salt, sodium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium carbonate.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107287030A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-10-24 | 蚌埠学院 | A kind of method of peanut oil aquation degumming |
| CN108993415A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-14 | 西北大学 | A kind of dephosphorization application of IDS chelating type adsorbent and its metal chelate adsorbent |
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| CN102304420A (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2012-01-04 | 湖南省林业科学院 | Dry degumming method of raw abandoned oil used for producing biodiesel |
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| CN102071103A (en) * | 2011-01-25 | 2011-05-25 | 湖南省生物柴油工程技术研究中心 | Novel dry-method degumming method for abandoned oil |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107287030A (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2017-10-24 | 蚌埠学院 | A kind of method of peanut oil aquation degumming |
| CN108993415A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-12-14 | 西北大学 | A kind of dephosphorization application of IDS chelating type adsorbent and its metal chelate adsorbent |
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