CN104416162A - Rapid alloy solidification equipment and automatic control method thereof - Google Patents
Rapid alloy solidification equipment and automatic control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides rapid alloy solidification equipment and an automatic control method thereof. The equipment comprises a melting device melting the alloy, a cooling roller device pouring and cooling the melt alloy, a middle ladle and a nozzle guiding the melt alloy into a cooling trochal disc of the cooling roller device and a moving device driving the cooling trochal disc to move. Compared with the prior art, the equipment has the advantages that the cooling trochal disc is capable of performing one, two or three dimensional motion during rotation, the contact position of the sprayed or flew melt alloy and the cooling trochal disc and distance between the sprayed or flew melt alloy and the cooling trochal disc are changed in real time, the rapid solidification is in a corresponded balance state entirely, and the consistence and quality of product performance during manufacture are improved; in addition, the equipment is capable of implementing alloy melting, pouring and rapid solidifying automatically and continuously and is simple in structure, high in automation level and easy to maintain.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of metallurgical equipment making molten alloy rapid solidification, particularly relate to a kind of metallurgical equipment adopting rotation chill roll to solidify, be applicable to the batch micro operations processing of particle or ribbon metal alloy powders.
Background technology
The processes such as the manufacture process of metal alloy generally includes component proportion, melting, solidifies, heat treatment.Wherein alloy melting to have the raw material fusing of certain ingredients and proportioning, and remove the technique of wherein impurity.Metal alloy to be called to Solid State Transformation by liquid state and to solidify, and is a kind of phase transition process.As a rule, metal freezing is the generation of crystal or crystal grain and the process of growing up.Some metal alloy, under rapid solidification (about 1,000,000 degree per second) condition, can form the amorphous metal with impalpable structure.Metal solidification process is also along with phenomenons such as Volume Changes, gas precipitation and element segregations, therefore this process not only determines structure, the structure and properties of alloy, but also affects plastic working and the heat treatment in later stage.
According to the difference of oxidation resistance; the melting of alloy and solidify and can carry out in air, inert atmosphere protection or vacuum; as copper alloy or nickel alloy just can carry out in atmosphere, and rare earth alloy, magnesium alloy etc. just must carry out in the smelting furnace of vacuum or inert atmosphere protection.Cooling medium used in the process of setting of alloy comprises sand mo(u)ld, metal pattern, cooling fluid, chill roll etc.Wherein, molten alloy being toppled over or is injected on the chill roll of rotation, by regulating the technological parameter such as the flow velocity of aluminium alloy stream, the rotary speed of chill roll, ribbon, needle-like or granular metal alloy powders can be obtained.Usually, chill roll is the metal wheel disc of hollow, wherein can water flowing, oil or other cooling fluids be to strengthen heat radiation.The installation form of chill roll can be divided into single roller, two roller or planar disk three kinds of forms.Wherein single roll form because mechanical control part is few, operate reliable, economical good and be convenient to the advantages such as maintenance, most widely used general.
The patent No. is the preparation method that the Chinese invention patent " a kind of preparation method of anisotropy complex phase rare earth permanent magnetism rapid tempering belt " of ZL200810060511.7 discloses a kind of anisotropy complex phase rare earth permanent magnetism rapid tempering belt, form one deck at roll surface and there is the cobalt of (0002) plane texture or the solid solution of cobalt, the Hard Magnetic phase R of complex phase rare earth permanent magnetism material
2t
14m orientation of easy magnetization axis in fast quenching process of setting is subject to the induction with texture roll surface.
Publication number is that the Chinese invention patent " induction overflow quick quenching technique and equipment " of CN101722311A discloses a kind of induction overflow quick-quenching method for the production of fast quenching NdFeB magnetic powder and equipment, adopt Frequency Induction Heating, raw material or Nd Fe B alloys ingot are fused into aluminium alloy, then be poured over certain speed in the tundish of a particular design, alloy is taken turns by the water-cooled molybdenum of overfall to High Rotation Speed of tundish or on copper wheel, cooling forms neodymium iron boron fast quenching thin strap fast.
Publication number is that the Chinese invention patent " vacuum smelting fast solidification stove " of CN1517659A discloses a kind of vacuum smelting fast solidification stove for the production of permanent-magnet rare-earth NdFeB alloy material and rare earth hydrogen storage alloy material, comprise vacuum system, vacuum furnace shell, induction heater coils, crucible, tundish and runner, it is characterized in that the runner side in vacuum furnace shell is provided with cylinder, the coated cooling device of cylinder outer wall.
Equipment involved by above-mentioned patent or technique are all sprayed by the alloy of melting or be poured over rapid solidification on chill roll, linear velocity, the expulsion pressure of cooling wheel disc, topple over the parameters such as speed and can regulate.But, the said equipment and the following weak point of technique ubiquity:
(1) on the one hand because the face width of the aluminium alloy sprayed or topple over must be less than the face width cooling wheel disc, otherwise the effect of anticipation rapid solidification is not had; On the other hand due in cast cooling procedure, the position that chill roll position and aluminium alloy are cast in cooling wheel disc is usually all fixing, therefore when aluminium alloy is cast in chill roll, due to the impact of high-temperature liquid stream, be easy to make the position that in cooling wheel disc, aluminium alloy is poured into a mould produce wearing and tearing, there is the cut of a circle circle, time serious, even produce hollow, and cool the position part that aluminium alloy in wheel disc do not pour into a mould and remain intact.This just causes cooling wheel card quality uneven, thus causes causing cooling effect and product quality difference because the cooling wheel card state of aluminium alloy contact is inconsistent in different casting process.For this reason, the patent No. is that the Chinese invention patent " vacuum quick quenching furnace " of ZL92105431.9 devises brush wheel and sweeper, attempts the fineness of raising fast quenching roller and cleans, but fundamentally not reducing the generation of this type of phenomenon.
(2) because a large amount of molten alloy liquid can not be poured directly in cooling wheel card, therefore cause cooling velocity limited on the one hand, be also difficult on the other hand control aluminium alloy flow.So need the drainage process gradually through an aluminium alloy, method conventional at present arranges a tundish transition, then inject to cooling wheel disc through a small-bore nozzle.But this method must consider the impact of following factor: the first, the aluminium alloy splash of flowing out for preventing nozzle is on heater coil, and nozzle must from the outstanding segment distance of heater coil, and this just causes nozzle place to be not easy by coil-induced heating.The second, in order to cool as far as possible fast, need to shorten aluminium alloy from nozzle place to the distance of chill roll, the close together namely between nozzle and chill roll is advisable, and usually selects several millimeters of magnitudes.Effect is broken through from hydromechanical leading edge, aluminium alloy needs the resistance that overcomes maximum from the moment that nozzle sprays, but, on the one hand because nozzle gives prominence to heater coil, cannot obtain the energy of eddy-current heating, on the other hand due to the close together between nozzle and chill roll, the air quantity that chill roll High Rotation Speed takes up reduces the temperature of nozzle exit aluminium alloy, therefore nozzle was easy to block in the initial period, cannot spray.To this, people have employed some ways.The Chinese invention patent " a kind of manufacture method of melt spun alloy and equipment " being CN102205417A as publication number discloses a kind of manufacture method and the equipment that manufacture melt spun alloy, comprise melting, cast and fast quenching three steps, main feature is that alloy melting and fast quenching carry out respectively under two independently environment, the pressure of two environment can independently control, and attempts to help to spray by the mode of pressurization.In addition, US Patent No. 5209789 it is also proposed a kind of method at nozzle place design deep bead, and the air quantity that the cooling wheel dribbling attempting to reduce High Rotation Speed comes is on the impact of nozzle.These methods may have part effect, but all make equipment more complicated, control difficulty and be out of order greatly or easily, not very well do not solve above weak point.
Summary of the invention
Technical purpose of the present invention is for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provides a kind of alloy rapid solidification equipment, and to solve uniform quality, the stable performance of alloy product, and equipment can long time continuous working.
The present invention realizes the technical scheme that above-mentioned technical purpose adopts: a kind of alloy rapid solidification equipment, comprising alloy melting is the smelting apparatus of aluminium alloy, by the cooling roller device of aluminium alloy cast cooling, and aluminium alloy is drained to tundish and the nozzle of the cooling wheel disc in cooling roller device, it is characterized in that: as shown in Figure 1, described cooling roller device comprises cooling wheel disc 24, connecting rod 25, axle connected device 26, electric rotating machine 29, described connecting rod 25 is fixedly connected with cooling wheel disc 24, and be connected with the main shaft of electric rotating machine 29 by axle connected device 26, thus drive cooling wheel disc 24 to rotate, described cooling roller device also comprises the mobile device driving cooling wheel disc 24 along one dimension (X-direction), two dimension (X, Y-direction) or three-dimensional (X, Y, Z-direction) movement, base and the mobile device of described electric rotating machine 29 are fixedly linked, thus cooling wheel disc 24 can be driven to move along one dimension X-direction, two-dimentional X, Y-direction or three-dimensional X, Y, Z-direction with the movement of mobile device.
As preferably, described mobile device can select screw or scissors structure to realize.
When described mobile device can select screw structure to realize, specific as follows:
(1) when mobile device drives cooling wheel disc 24 to move along one dimension X-direction, its structure as shown in Figure 2.Described mobile device comprises the slide unit 30, the X track 27 that are fixedly connected with the base of electric rotating machine 29, and drives slide unit 30 along the servomotor X28 of X track 27 movement;
(2) when mobile device drives cooling wheel disc 24 to move along two-dimentional X, Y-direction, described mobile device is made up of the structure shown in two cover Fig. 2, (wherein do not mark in a set of Fig. 2, distinguish at this to mark Y).Be specially: the slide unit 30 that described mobile device comprises with the base of electric rotating machine 29 is fixedly connected with, X track 27, the Y track vertical with X track 27, drive slide unit 30 along the servomotor X28 of X track 27 movement and drive slide unit 30 along the servomotor Y of Y rail moving;
(3) when mobile device drives cooling wheel disc 24 to move along three-dimensional X, Y, Z-direction, described mobile device is made up of the structure shown in three cover Fig. 2, (wherein do not mark in two cover Fig. 2, distinguish at this to mark Y, Z).Be specially: the slide unit 30 that described mobile device comprises with the base of electric rotating machine 29 is fixedly connected with, X track 27, the Y track vertical with X track 27, with X track 27 and Y track form plane being perpendicular Z track, drive slide unit 30 along X track 27 movement servomotor X28, drive slide unit 30 along the servomotor Y of Y rail moving and drive slide unit 30 along the servomotor Z of Z rail moving.
When described mobile device selects scissors structure to realize, specific as follows:
(1) when mobile device drives cooling wheel disc 24 to move along one dimension X-direction, its structure as shown in Figure 3.Described mobile device comprise be fixedly connected with the base of electric rotating machine 29 workbench X31, base X34, slide rail X36, at least two be positioned at conplane support bar X32; Described slide rail X36 is fixedly mounted on base X34; Described each support bar X32 with bearing X33 for crosspoint connects; One end of described support bar X32 is fixedly connected with workbench 31, the other end is connected on slide rail X36 by coupling X35, drive unit X37 drives connector X35, support bar X32 is slided along slide rail X36 in the direction perpendicular to X-axis, to regulate opening or closed angle of each support bar X32, thus workbench X31 is enable to carry out lift adjustment in X-direction.Wherein, described drive unit X37 does not limit, and can be push rod or servomotor.
(2) when mobile device drives cooling wheel disc 24 to move along two-dimentional X, Y-direction, its structure as shown in Figure 4.Described mobile device is made up of the structure shown in two cover Fig. 3, and wherein a set of non-annotated mark in the diagram, distinguishes to mark Y at this.Specific as follows:
Described mobile device comprise workbench X31, base X34, slide rail X36, at least two be positioned at conplane support bar X32; Described slide rail X36 is fixedly mounted on base X34; Described each support bar X32 with bearing X33 for crosspoint connects; One end of described support bar X32 is fixedly connected with workbench X31, the other end is connected on slide rail X36 by coupling X35, drive unit X37 drives connector X35, support bar X32 is slided along slide rail X36 in the direction perpendicular to X-axis, to regulate opening or closed angle of each support bar X32, thus workbench X31 is enable to carry out lift adjustment in X-direction; Wherein, described drive unit X37 does not limit, and can be push rod or servomotor;
Described mobile device also comprises with lower device: workbench Y, base Y, slide rail Y, at least two be positioned at conplane support bar Y; Described slide rail Y is fixedly mounted on base Y; Described each support bar Y with bearing Y for crosspoint connects; One end of described support bar Y is fixedly connected with workbench Y, the other end is connected on slide rail Y by coupling Y, drive unit Y drives connector Y, support bar Y is slided along slide rail Y in the direction perpendicular to Y-axis, to regulate opening or closed angle of each support bar Y, thus workbench Y is enable to carry out lift adjustment in the Y direction; Wherein, described drive unit Y does not limit, and can be push rod or servomotor;
Further, described base Y is fixedly connected on workbench X31, makes slide rail X36 perpendicular to slide rail Y; The base of described electric rotating machine 29 is fixedly connected on workbench Y.
(3) when mobile device drives cooling wheel disc 24 to move along three-dimensional X, Y, Z-direction, described mobile device is made up of the structure shown in three cover Fig. 3, and wherein two covers do not draw in figure 3, distinguish to mark Y, Z at this.Specific as follows:
Described mobile device comprise workbench X31, base X34, slide rail X36, at least two be positioned at conplane support bar X32; Described slide rail X36 is fixedly mounted on base X34; Described each support bar X32 with bearing X33 for crosspoint connects; One end of described support bar X32 is fixedly connected with workbench X31, the other end is connected on slide rail X36 by coupling X35, drive unit X37 drives connector X35, support bar X32 is slided along slide rail X36 in the direction perpendicular to X-axis, to regulate opening or closed angle of each support bar X32, thus workbench X31 is enable to carry out lift adjustment in X-direction; Wherein, described drive unit X37 does not limit, and can be push rod or servomotor;
Described mobile device also comprises with lower device: workbench Y, base Y, slide rail Y, at least two be positioned at conplane support bar Y; Described slide rail Y is fixedly mounted on base Y; Described each support bar Y with bearing Y for crosspoint connects; One end of described support bar Y is fixedly connected with workbench Y, the other end is connected on slide rail Y by coupling Y, drive unit Y drives connector Y, support bar Y is slided along slide rail Y in the direction perpendicular to Y-axis, to regulate opening or closed angle of each support bar Y, thus workbench Y is enable to carry out lift adjustment in the Y direction; Wherein, described drive unit Y does not limit, and can be push rod or servomotor;
Described mobile device also comprises with lower device: workbench Z, base Z, slide rail Z, at least two be positioned at conplane support bar Z; Described slide rail Z is fixedly mounted on base Z; Described each support bar Z with bearing Z for crosspoint connects; One end of described support bar Z is fixedly connected with workbench Z, the other end is connected on slide rail Z by coupling Z, drive unit Z drives connector Z, support bar Z is slided along slide rail Z in the direction perpendicular to Z axis, to regulate opening or closed angle of each support bar Z, thus workbench Z is enable to carry out lift adjustment in Z-direction; Wherein, described drive unit Z does not limit, and can be push rod or servomotor;
Further, described base Y is fixedly connected on workbench X31, makes slide rail X36 perpendicular to slide rail Y; The base of described electric rotating machine 29 is fixedly connected on workbench Y; Described base Z is fixedly connected on workbench Y, makes slide rail Z perpendicular to slide rail X and slide rail Y; The base of described electric rotating machine 29 is fixedly connected on workbench Z;
Described smelting apparatus structure is not limit, as a kind of way of realization, be made up of crucible and main induction coil, described crucible is fixed in main induction coil, and main induction coil can 90 degree of rotations, and the raw material alloy induction melting in crucible can be made to be pour tundish into after aluminium alloy.As preferably, the toppling over to rotate of described main induction coil drives by toppling over motor.
As preferably, described tundish and nozzle all adopt resistant to elevated temperatures ceramic material.Described nozzle and tundish outer setting secondary induction coil heat.
Described tundish shape is not limit, and as preferably, its inside is funnel-form.
As preferably, described nozzle is arranged on below tundish; Further choosing choosing, adopts refractory ceramics binding agent the two to be closely connected.
As preferably, described alloy rapid solidification equipment also comprises gathering-device, for collecting the alloy powder splashed down, and reclaims after being cooled.As a kind of implementation, what described gathering-device comprised band cold water jacket takes advantage of charging tray, and the blade stirred and fan etc.
As preferably, liquid level sensor being set for detecting the alloy height of liquid level in tundish, penetration sensor being set and whether flowing out for the aluminium alloy detecting nozzle.
Alloy rapid solidification equipment of the present invention can also by the automatic operation of the overall processes such as automatic control realization alloy melting, cast, rapid solidification.When automatically controlling, smelting apparatus structure adopts crucible and main induction coil to form, nozzle and tundish outer setting secondary induction coil, temp controlled meter is adopted to control main induction coil and secondary induction coil, adopt the controller that programmable controller runs continuously as whole process, adopt the aluminium alloy that liquid level sensor detects alloy height of liquid level in tundish, penetration sensor detects nozzle whether to flow out, adopt topple over that motor drives main induction coil topple over rotation; This autocontrol method is as shown in Figure 5, specific as follows:
Step 1: by smelting apparatus melting raw material, temp controlled meter controls main induction coil and secondary induction coil electrified regulation according to the temperature program(me) of setting, and after arriving design temperature, electric rotating machine 29 drives cooling wheel disc 24 to start to rotate; Subsequently, topple over motor and start to rotate main induction coil, thus crucible is tilted, aluminium alloy starts slowly to flow into tundish; According to the signal of liquid level sensor feedback, namely the speed that rises in tundish of alloy liquid level, topples over motor and regulates the angle and speed of toppling in real time;
Step 3: when the alloy liquid level in tundish reach a certain height, under gravity, when aluminium alloy flows out and is detected by penetration sensor from nozzle, cooling wheel disc 24 under the driving of servomotor from from nozzle position far away to close from the position close to nozzle;
Step 4: along with the outflow of aluminium alloy, when mobile device adopts screw, cooling wheel disc 24 is shifted one's position gradually under the driving of servomotor, and the position that aluminium alloy is cast on cooling wheel disc 24 is uniformly distributed; When mobile device adopts scissors, cooling wheel disc 24 is shifted one's position gradually under the driving of drive unit, and the position that aluminium alloy is cast on cooling wheel disc 24 is uniformly distributed;
Step 5: after aluminium alloy all flows to end from crucible and tundish, cooling wheel disc 24 stops in one dimension, two dimension or three-dimensional motion, and motion of stopping the rotation gradually.
Compared with prior art, the advantage of a kind of alloy rapid solidification of the present invention equipment is:
(1) the cooling wheel disc of this alloy rapid solidification equipment can carry out one dimension, two dimension while rotary motion, even three-dimensional motion, by changing contact position and the distance of aluminium alloy and the cooling wheel disc sprayed or flow out in real time, make whole rapid solidification be in the state of relative equilibrium, thus improve uniformity and the quality of properties of product in manufacture process.
(2) on the other hand, because the cooling wheel disc of this alloy rapid solidification equipment can carry out three-dimensional motion, position larger distance is sprayed from aluminium alloy from nozzle so this cooling wheel disc can be adjusted in the initial period, with the temperature effectively avoiding the air quantity because bringing during cooling wheel disc High Rotation Speed to reduce nozzle exit aluminium alloy, and when aluminium alloy once ejection, after overcoming maximum resistance, again cooling wheel disc is adjusted to the distance from aluminium alloy from nozzle close to ejection position, thus not only solve nozzle and be easy to block in the initial period, the problem of spraying cannot be carried out, but also improve cooldown rate.
(3) by after improvement of the present invention, this alloy rapid solidification equipment can use for a long time, without the need to shutting down finishing cooling wheel disc, effectively extends the service life of equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of cooling roller device in alloy rapid solidification equipment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of one dimension screw mobile device in alloy rapid solidification equipment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of one dimension scissors mobile device in alloy rapid solidification equipment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of two-dimentional scissors mobile device in alloy rapid solidification equipment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the Automatic Control Theory schematic diagram of alloy rapid solidification equipment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is overall structure and the critical piece schematic diagram of alloy rapid solidification equipment in the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but should limit the scope of the invention with this.
Reference numeral in Fig. 1 to Fig. 6 is: furnace shell 1, diffusion pump 2, lobe pump 3, mechanical pump 4, crucible 5, main induction coil 6, tundish 7, secondary induction coil 8, nozzle 9, fan 10, material bearing disc 11, blade 12, water inlet 13, delivery port 14, liquid level sensor 15, penetration sensor 16, charging door 17, discharging opening 18, electrical control cabinet 19, temp controlled meter 20, touch-screen 21, programmable controller 22, heating power supply 23, cooling wheel disc 24, connecting rod 25, axle connected device 26, track 27, servomotor X28, runner motor 29, slide unit 30, workbench X31, support bar X32, bearing X33, pedestal X34, coupling X35, slide rail X36, push rod 37, topple over motor 38.
Embodiment 1:
In the present embodiment, the critical piece of alloy rapid solidification equipment and structural representation are as shown in Figure 6.This alloy rapid solidification equipment comprise furnace shell 1, charging door 17, vacuum extractor, by alloy melting be aluminium alloy smelting apparatus, by the cooling roller device of aluminium alloy cast cooling, tundish aluminium alloy being drained to the cooling wheel disc in cooling roller device and nozzle, drive cooling wheel disc 24 along moving-member, the gathering-device of one dimension (X-direction), two dimension (X, Y-direction) or three-dimensional (X, Y, Z-direction) movement.
Furnace shell 1 for fixing loading mechanical part therein, and by itself and external environment as the isolation such as air, water.The material of furnace shell 1 adopts ordinary carbon steel or stainless steel usually, for ease of the heat radiation in the situation of working long hours, can make the structure with water-cooling jacket in bilayer, or is adopting the copper pipe disk boxing of hollow water flowing to be connected on furnace shell top.
Charging door 17 is for loading the raw material or alloy pig that prepare.
Vacuum extractor comprises diffusion pump 2, lobe pump 3 and mechanical pump 4, and they, by placed in series, are connected with furnace shell 1 by metallic conduit.The exhaust capacity of each pump is relevant with the volume of furnace shell 1.When only needing the vacuum of about 100Pa, open separately mechanical pump 4; Lobe pump 3 only when mechanical pump 4 is opened, can use, for improving the speed of bleeding; When needing the vacuum of below 1Pa, need to open diffusion pump 2.
Smelting apparatus is made up of crucible 5 and main induction coil 6.This crucible 5 is fixed in main induction coil 6, and main induction coil 6 can 90 degree of rotary dumpings.Crucible 5 is cylindric, and material adopts the one in aluminium oxide, magnesia, carborundum or quartz.Main induction coil 6 is one section of hollow water-cooled copper pipe disk curl, and the two end portions of copper pipe connects heating power supply 23 through furnace shell 1.In addition, copper pipe is also toppled over motor 38 through the part of furnace shell 1 and is connected with one, coil 6 and furnace shell 1 adopt magnetic fluid movable sealing between the two, is unlikely to leak gas when toppling over main induction coil 6 like this.The internal diameter of main induction coil 6 is more bigger than the external diameter of crucible 5, and the materials such as lime can be adopted main induction coil 6 and crucible 5 to be fixed together, thus while rotating main induction coil 6, pours out the aluminium alloy of melting in crucible 5 in tundish 7.
Accurately the falling into of aluminium alloy when toppling over for convenience, the inside of tundish 7 is funnel-form, and material adopts the one in carborundum, aluminium oxide, boron nitride and magnesia.The material of nozzle 9 is the one in quartz, aluminium oxide, aluminium oxide and boron nitride.Adopt between nozzle 9 and tundish 7 that ceramic glue bonds, high temperature sintering and being fixed together.
Nozzle 9 and tundish 7 external heat adopt secondary induction coil 8 usually.Owing to being in fact auxiliary heating effect, without the need to reaching very high temperature, so the mode that this mode of heating also can simply adopt resistance heater coated.
Gathering-device for collecting the alloy powder splashed down, and reclaims after being cooled.What this gathering-device comprised band cooling jacket takes advantage of charging tray 11, and the blade 12 stirred and fan 10 etc.Material bearing disc 11 is for accepting the alloy powder splashed down after cooling roller device rapid solidification.Blade 12 is loaded in the top of material bearing disc 11 and can rotates under the driven by motor of below, and each blade is evenly arranged in pairs, as two to, three equities, for stirring alloy powder, on the one hand alloy powder being evenly distributed on material bearing disc 11, being unlikely to enrichment and piling up; Promote the heat radiation of alloy powder on the other hand.In addition, the water-cooling jacket (water entrance 13 and 14) in the middle of fan 10, material bearing disc 11 is all conducive to alloy powder as early as possible after cool to room temperature, comes out of the stove from discharging opening 18.
In addition, liquid level sensor 15 being set for detecting the alloy height of liquid level in tundish 7, penetration sensor 16 being set and whether flowing out for the aluminium alloy detecting nozzle 9.
Cooling roller device and cast schematic diagram are as shown in Figure 1.Cooling roller device comprises cooling wheel disc 24, connecting rod 25, axle connected device 26, electric rotating machine 29, this connecting rod 25 adopts the mode of welding to be fixedly connected with cooling wheel disc 24, and be connected with the main shaft of electric rotating machine 29 by axle connected device 26, thus cooling wheel disc 24 is driven to rotate.
Cooling wheel disc 24 structure is hollow cylindrical, and wherein one end is closed, the pipeline that the other end has Cooling Water to pass in and out.The material of cooling wheel disc 24 is generally copper, aluminium or stainless steel, for increasing the wearability of card, can contain the hard metal layer of chromium or molybdenum by nested or coating one deck outside.
In the present embodiment, the mobile device of cooling wheel disc 24 movement is driven to adopt screw to realize.This mobile device can drive cooling wheel disc 24 mobile along one dimension (X-direction), two dimension (X, Y-direction) or three-dimensional (X, Y, Z-direction).
As shown in Figure 2, when mobile device drives cooling wheel disc 24 to move along one dimension X-direction, this mobile device comprises the slide unit 30, the X track 27 that are fixedly connected with the base of electric rotating machine 29, and drive slide unit 30 along the servomotor X28 of X track 27 movement, servomotor X28 by the screw drive slide unit 30 in track.Servomotor X28 can receive the instruction that its driver sends, and rotates certain number of turns, realizes location, accurate position.Further, by programmable controller, the time of motion beginning and the number of turns of rotation can be set, thus realize the automatic control of motion.
Similarly, when mobile device drives cooling wheel disc 24 to move along two-dimentional X, Y-direction, this mobile device is made up of the structure shown in two cover Fig. 2, does not wherein mark in a set of Fig. 2, distinguishes at this to mark Y.Be specially: the slide unit 30 that this mobile device comprises with the base of electric rotating machine 29 is fixedly connected with, X track 27, the Y track vertical with X track 27, drive slide unit 30 along the servomotor X28 of X track 27 movement and drive slide unit 30 along the servomotor Y of Y rail moving, servomotor X28 and servomotor Y by the screw drive slide unit 30 in track.
Similarly, when mobile device drives cooling wheel disc 24 to move along three-dimensional X, Y, Z-direction, this mobile device is made up of the structure shown in three cover Fig. 2, does not wherein mark in two cover Fig. 2, distinguishes at this to mark Y, Z.The slide unit 30 that this mobile device comprises with the base of electric rotating machine 29 is fixedly connected with, X track 27, the Y track vertical with X track 27, form with X track 27 and Y track institute plane being perpendicular Z track, drive slide unit 30 along X track 27 movement servomotor X28, drive slide unit 30 along the servomotor Y of Y rail moving and the screw drive slide unit 30 that drives slide unit 30 to pass through in track along the servomotor Z of Z rail moving, servomotor X28, servomotor Y, servomotor Z.
The Automatic Control Theory schematic diagram of the alloy rapid solidification equipment in the present embodiment as shown in Figure 5.Temp controlled meter 20, touch-screen 21 and programmable controller 22 are set in electrical control cabinet 19.Except temp controlled meter 20 can control main induction coil 6 heating current, adopt the controller that programmable controller 22 runs continuously as whole process, according to the program of establishment, execution comprises: start and setting temp controlled meter 20, the feedback signal of receiving liquid face sensor 15 and penetration sensor 16, to electric rotating machine 29 with topple over motor 38 and send and run and stop signal, the functions such as pulse are sent to servomotor 28, realize alloy melting, cast, the overall processes such as rapid solidification are run automatically, below the description adopting the alloy rapid solidification equipment in the present embodiment to carry out a Rapid Solidification f Alloys:
Step 1: open charge door 17, the raw material prepared or alloy pig are loaded crucible 5, and the vaccum-pumping equipments such as mechanical pump 4, lobe pump 3 and diffusion pump 2 vacuumize, and when arriving the vacuum of about 100Pa, are filled with a small amount of argon gas; If when the raw material oxidizable rare earth alloy that is non-melting or magnesium alloy, this vacuum can be saved.
Step 2: temperature control instrument 20 controls main induction coil 6 and secondary induction coil 8 electrified regulation according to the temperature program(me) of setting, after arriving design temperature, electric rotating machine 29 drives cooling wheel disc 24 to start to rotate.Subsequently, topple over motor 38 and start to rotate main induction coil 6, thus crucible 5 is tilted, aluminium alloy starts slowly to flow into tundish 7.According to the signal that liquid level sensor 15 feeds back, namely the speed that rises in tundish 7 of alloy liquid level, topples over motor 38 and regulates the angle and speed of toppling in real time.
Step 3: when the alloy liquid level in tundish 7 reach a certain height, under gravity, aluminium alloy flows out from nozzle 9, and is detected by penetration sensor 16.This moment, under the driving of servomotor X28, cooling wheel disc 24 is rapidly to from the position close to nozzle 9 close from the position far away from nozzle 9.
Step 4: along with the outflow of aluminium alloy, cooling wheel disc 24 is under the driving of servomotor X28, servomotor Y, servomotor Z, start to shift one's position gradually in the scope that aluminium alloy does not depart from cooling wheel card, the position that aluminium alloy is cast on cooling wheel disc 24 is uniformly distributed.After aluminium alloy all flows to end from crucible 5 and tundish 7, cooling wheel disc 24 stops in one dimension, two dimension or three-dimensional motion, and motion of stopping the rotation gradually.
Step 5: the alloy powder splashed down drops on material bearing disc 11, and by blade 12 uniform spreading.Under the acting in conjunction of fan 10 and cooling water jecket, alloy powder cools to about 100 degree, is finally taken out by the discharging opening 18 below furnace shell 1.
Above step constitutes the complete process flow of an alloy rapid solidification, all run in turn by the program that programmable controller is prepared in advance in steps, whole process is without the need to manual intervention.
Embodiment 2:
In the present embodiment, the critical piece of alloy rapid solidification equipment and structure substantially identical with embodiment 1.Difference is, in the present embodiment, drives the mobile device of cooling wheel disc 24 movement to adopt scissors to realize.This mobile device can drive cooling wheel disc 24 mobile along one dimension (X-direction), two dimension (X, Y-direction) or three-dimensional (X, Y, Z-direction).
As shown in Figure 3, when mobile device drive cooling wheel disc 24 move along one dimension X-direction time, this mobile device comprise be fixedly connected with the base of electric rotating machine 29 workbench X31, base X34, slide rail X36, at least two be positioned at conplane support bar X32; Slide rail X36 is fixedly mounted on base X34; Each support bar X32 with bearing X33 for crosspoint connects; One end of support bar X32 is fixedly connected with workbench 31, the other end is connected on slide rail X36 by coupling 35X, drive unit X37 drives connector X35, support bar X32 is slided along slide rail X36 in the direction perpendicular to X-axis, to regulate opening or closed angle of each support bar X32, thus workbench X31 is enable to carry out lift adjustment in X-direction.This drive unit X37 does not limit, and can be push rod 37 or other servomotors.
Similarly, when mobile device drives cooling wheel disc 24 to move along two-dimentional X, Y-direction, its structure as shown in Figure 4.This mobile device is made up of the structure shown in two cover Fig. 3, and wherein a set of non-annotated mark in the diagram, distinguishes to mark Y at this.Specific as follows:
This mobile device comprise workbench X31, base X34, slide rail X36, at least two be positioned at conplane support bar X32; Slide rail X36 is fixedly mounted on base X34; Each support bar X32 with bearing X33 for crosspoint connects; One end of support bar X32 is fixedly connected with workbench X31, the other end is connected on slide rail X36 by coupling X35, drive unit X37 drives connector X35, support bar X32 is slided along slide rail X36 in the direction perpendicular to X-axis, to regulate opening or closed angle of each support bar X32, thus workbench X31 is enable to carry out lift adjustment in X-direction; Wherein, drive unit X37 does not limit, and can be push rod or servomotor;
This mobile device also comprises with lower device: workbench Y, base Y, slide rail Y, at least two be positioned at conplane support bar Y; Slide rail Y is fixedly mounted on base Y; Each support bar Y with bearing Y for crosspoint connects; One end of support bar Y is fixedly connected with workbench Y, the other end is connected on slide rail Y by coupling Y, drive unit Y drives connector Y, support bar Y is slided along slide rail Y in the direction perpendicular to Y-axis, to regulate opening or closed angle of each support bar Y, thus workbench Y is enable to carry out lift adjustment in the Y direction; Wherein, drive unit Y does not limit, and can be push rod or servomotor;
Further, base Y is fixedly connected on workbench X31, makes slide rail X36 perpendicular to slide rail Y; The base of electric rotating machine 29 is fixedly connected on workbench Y.
Similarly, the method can further expand to three-dimensional method.When mobile device drives cooling wheel disc 24 to move along three-dimensional X, Y, Z-direction, described mobile device is made up of the structure shown in three cover Fig. 3, and wherein two covers do not draw in figure 3, distinguish to mark Y, Z at this.Specific as follows:
This mobile device comprise workbench X31, base X34, slide rail X36, at least two be positioned at conplane support bar X32; Slide rail X36 is fixedly mounted on base X34; Each support bar X32 with bearing X33 for crosspoint connects; One end of support bar X32 is fixedly connected with workbench X31, the other end is connected on slide rail X36 by coupling X35, drive unit X37 drives connector X35, support bar X32 is slided along slide rail X36 in the direction perpendicular to X-axis, to regulate opening or closed angle of each support bar X32, thus workbench X31 is enable to carry out lift adjustment in X-direction; Wherein, drive unit X37 does not limit, and can be push rod or servomotor;
This mobile device also comprises with lower device: workbench Y, base Y, slide rail Y, at least two be positioned at conplane support bar Y; Slide rail Y is fixedly mounted on base Y; Each support bar Y with bearing Y for crosspoint connects; One end of described support bar Y is fixedly connected with workbench Y, the other end is connected on slide rail Y by coupling Y, drive unit Y drives connector Y, support bar Y is slided along slide rail Y in the direction perpendicular to Y-axis, to regulate opening or closed angle of each support bar Y, thus workbench Y is enable to carry out lift adjustment in the Y direction; Wherein, drive unit Y does not limit, and can be push rod or servomotor;
This mobile device also comprises with lower device: workbench Z, base Z, slide rail Z, at least two be positioned at conplane support bar Z; Slide rail Z is fixedly mounted on base Z; Each support bar Z with bearing Z for crosspoint connects; One end of support bar Z is fixedly connected with workbench Z, the other end is connected on slide rail Z by coupling Z, drive unit Z drives connector Z, support bar Z is slided along slide rail Z in the direction perpendicular to Z axis, to regulate opening or closed angle of each support bar Z, thus workbench Z is enable to carry out lift adjustment in Z-direction; Wherein, drive unit Z does not limit, and can be push rod or servomotor;
Further, base Y is fixedly connected on workbench X31, makes slide rail X36 perpendicular to slide rail Y; The base of electric rotating machine 29 is fixedly connected on workbench Y; Base Z is fixedly connected on workbench Y, makes slide rail Z perpendicular to slide rail X and slide rail Y; The base of electric rotating machine 29 is fixedly connected on workbench Z;
Automatic Control Theory in the Automatic Control Theory similar embodiment 1 of the alloy rapid solidification equipment in the present embodiment.
Above-mentioned word is described the specific embodiment of the present invention, it must be noted that, the content that the present invention comprises is not limited thereto, under the prerequisite not departing from essential scope of the present invention, can do various amendment, replacement and change, these equivalents belong to the limited range of claims of the present invention equally.
Claims (10)
1. an alloy rapid solidification equipment, comprising alloy melting is the smelting apparatus of aluminium alloy, cooling roller device aluminium alloy cast cooled and the tundish (7) and the nozzle (9) that aluminium alloy are drained to the cooling wheel disc (24) in cooling roller device, it is characterized in that: described cooling roller device comprises cooling wheel disc (24), connecting rod (25), axle connected device (26), electric rotating machine (29); Described connecting rod (25) is fixedly connected with cooling wheel disc (24), and is connected with the main shaft of electric rotating machine (29) by axle connected device (26), thus drives cooling wheel disc (24) to rotate; Described alloy rapid solidification equipment also comprises can along the mobile device of one dimension X-direction, two-dimentional X, Y-direction or three-dimensional X, Y, Z-direction movement; Base and the mobile device of described electric rotating machine (29) are fixedly linked, thus cooling wheel disc (24) can be driven to move along one dimension X-direction, two-dimentional X, Y-direction or three-dimensional X, Y, Z-direction with the movement of mobile device.
2. as profit requires the alloy rapid solidification equipment as described in 1, it is characterized in that: described mobile device selects screw or scissors structure to realize;
When screw structure selected by described mobile device, specific as follows:
(1) when mobile device drives cooling wheel disc (24) to move along one dimension X-direction, described mobile device comprises the slide unit (30), the X track (27) that are fixedly connected with the base of electric rotating machine (29), and drives slide unit (30) along the servomotor X(28 of X track (27) movement);
(2) when mobile device drives cooling wheel disc (24) to move along two-dimentional X, Y-direction, the slide unit (30) that described mobile device comprises with the base of electric rotating machine (29) is fixedly connected with, X track (27), the Y track vertical with X track (27), slide unit (30) is driven along the servomotor X(28 of X track (27) movement) and drive slide unit (30) along the servomotor Y of Y rail moving;
(3) when mobile device drives cooling wheel disc (24) to move along three-dimensional X, Y, Z-direction, the slide unit (30) that described mobile device comprises with the base of electric rotating machine (29) is fixedly connected with, X track (27), the Y track vertical with X track (27), and X track (27) and Y track form plane being perpendicular Z track, drive slide unit (30) along the servomotor X(28 of X track (27) movement), drive slide unit (30) along the servomotor Y of Y rail moving and drive slide unit 30 along the servomotor Z of Z rail moving;
When scissors structure selected by described mobile device, specific as follows:
(1) when mobile device drive cooling wheel disc (24) move along one dimension X-direction time, described mobile device comprises the workbench X(31 be fixedly connected with the base of electric rotating machine (29)), base X(34), slide rail X(36), at least two be positioned at conplane support bar X(32); Described slide rail X(36) be fixedly mounted on base X(34) on; Described each support bar X(32) with bearing X(33) be crosspoint connection; Described support bar X(32) one end be fixedly connected with workbench (31), the other end is by coupling X(35) be connected to slide rail X(36) on, drive unit X(37) drive connector X(35), make support bar X(32) along slide rail X(36) slide in the direction perpendicular to X-axis, to regulate each support bar X(32) open or closed angle, thus make workbench X(31) lift adjustment can be carried out in X-direction;
(2) when mobile device drive cooling wheel disc (24) move along two-dimentional X, Y-direction time, described mobile device comprises workbench X(31), base X(34), slide rail X(36), at least two be positioned at conplane support bar X(32); Described slide rail X(36) be fixedly mounted on base X(34) on; Described each support bar X(32) with bearing X(33) be crosspoint connection; Described support bar X(32) one end be fixedly connected with workbench (31), the other end is by coupling X(35) be connected to slide rail X(36) on, drive unit X(37) drive connector X(35), make support bar X(32) along slide rail X(36) slide in the direction perpendicular to X-axis, to regulate each support bar X(32) open or closed angle, thus make workbench X(31) lift adjustment can be carried out in X-direction;
Described mobile device also comprise workbench Y, base Y, slide rail Y, at least two be positioned at conplane support bar Y; Described slide rail Y is fixedly mounted on base Y; Described each support bar Y with bearing Y for crosspoint connects; One end of described support bar Y is fixedly connected with workbench Y, the other end is connected on slide rail Y by coupling Y, drive unit Y drives connector Y, support bar Y is slided along slide rail Y in the direction perpendicular to Y-axis, to regulate opening or closed angle of each support bar Y, thus workbench Y is enable to carry out lift adjustment in the Y direction;
Further, described base Y is fixedly connected on workbench X(31) on, make slide rail X(36) perpendicular to slide rail Y; The base of described electric rotating machine (29) is fixedly connected on workbench Y;
(3) when mobile device drive cooling wheel disc (24) move along two-dimentional X, Y, Z-direction time, described mobile device comprises workbench X(31), base X(34), slide rail X(36), at least two be positioned at conplane support bar X(32); Described slide rail X(36) be fixedly mounted on base X(34) on; Described each support bar X(32) with bearing X(33) be crosspoint connection; Described support bar X(32) one end be fixedly connected with workbench (31), the other end is by coupling X(35) be connected to slide rail X(36) on, drive unit X(37) drive connector X(35), make support bar X(32) along slide rail X(36) slide in the direction perpendicular to X-axis, to regulate each support bar X(32) open or closed angle, thus make workbench X(31) lift adjustment can be carried out in X-direction;
Described mobile device also comprise workbench Y, base Y, slide rail Y, at least two be positioned at conplane support bar Y; Described slide rail Y is fixedly mounted on base Y; Described each support bar Y with bearing Y for crosspoint connects; One end of described support bar Y is fixedly connected with workbench Y, the other end is connected on slide rail Y by coupling Y, drive unit Y drives connector Y, support bar Y is slided along slide rail Y in the direction perpendicular to Y-axis, to regulate opening or closed angle of each support bar Y, thus workbench Y is enable to carry out lift adjustment in the Y direction;
Described mobile device also comprise workbench Z, base Z, slide rail Z, at least two be positioned at conplane support bar Z; Described slide rail Z is fixedly mounted on base Z; Described each support bar Z with bearing Z for crosspoint connects; One end of described support bar Z is fixedly connected with workbench Z, the other end is connected on slide rail Z by coupling Z, drive unit Z drives connector Z, support bar Z is slided along slide rail Z in the direction perpendicular to Z axis, to regulate opening or closed angle of each support bar Z, thus workbench Z is enable to carry out lift adjustment in Z-direction;
Further, described base Y is fixedly connected on workbench X(31) on, make slide rail X(36) perpendicular to slide rail Y; The base of described electric rotating machine (29) is fixedly connected on workbench Y; Described base Z is fixedly connected on workbench Y, makes slide rail Z perpendicular to slide rail X and slide rail Y; The base of described electric rotating machine (29) is fixedly connected on workbench Z.
3. alloy rapid solidification equipment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described smelting apparatus is made up of crucible (5) and main induction coil (6), described crucible (5) is fixed in main induction coil (6), and main induction coil (6) can 90 degree of rotations.
4. alloy rapid solidification equipment as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that: toppling over of described main induction coil (6) rotates by toppling over motor (38) driving.
5. alloy rapid solidification equipment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described nozzle (9) and tundish (7) outer setting secondary induction coil (8) heat.
6. alloy rapid solidification equipment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described tundish (7) inside is funnel-form.
7. alloy rapid solidification equipment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that: described nozzle (9) is arranged on tundish (7) below, and the two is closely connected.
8. alloy rapid solidification equipment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: also comprise the liquid level sensor (15) for detecting the alloy height of liquid level in tundish (7), the penetration sensor (16) whether the aluminium alloy for detecting nozzle (9) flows out.
9. alloy rapid solidification equipment as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that: described drive unit is push rod or servomotor.
10. the autocontrol method of alloy rapid solidification equipment as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: described smelting apparatus structure adopts crucible (5) and main induction coil (6) to form, nozzle (9) and tundish (7) outer setting secondary induction coil (8), temp controlled meter (20) is adopted to control main induction coil (6) and secondary induction coil (8), adopt the controller that programmable controller (22) runs continuously as whole process, adopt the alloy height of liquid level in liquid level sensor (15) detection tundish (7), whether the aluminium alloy that penetration sensor (16) detects nozzle (9) flows out, employing topple over motor (38) drive main induction coil (6) topple over rotation, this autocontrol method is specific as follows:
Step 1: by smelting apparatus melting raw material, temp controlled meter (20) controls main induction coil (6) and secondary induction coil (8) electrified regulation according to the temperature program(me) of setting, after arriving design temperature, electric rotating machine (29) drives cooling wheel disc (24) to start to rotate; Subsequently, topple over motor (38) and start to rotate main induction coil (6), thus crucible (5) is tilted, aluminium alloy starts slowly to flow into tundish (7); According to the signal that liquid level sensor (15) feeds back, namely the speed that rises in tundish (7) of alloy liquid level, topples over motor (38) and regulates the angle and speed of toppling in real time;
Step 2: when the alloy liquid level in tundish (7) reach a certain height, under gravity, when aluminium alloy flows out and is detected by penetration sensor (16) from nozzle (9), cooling wheel disc (24) under the driving of servomotor from from nozzle (9) position far away to close from the position close to nozzle (9);
Step 3: along with the outflow of aluminium alloy, when mobile device adopts screw, cooling wheel disc (24) is shifted one's position gradually under the driving of servomotor, and the position that aluminium alloy is cast in cooling wheel disc (24) is uniformly distributed; When mobile device adopts scissors, cooling wheel disc (24) is shifted one's position gradually under the driving of drive unit, and the position that aluminium alloy is cast in cooling wheel disc (24) is uniformly distributed;
Step 4: after aluminium alloy all flows to end from crucible (5) and tundish (7), cooling wheel disc (24) stops in one dimension, two dimension or three-dimensional motion, and motion of stopping the rotation gradually.
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