CN104410412B - Dual-bubble microwave cavity for rubidium frequency scale - Google Patents
Dual-bubble microwave cavity for rubidium frequency scale Download PDFInfo
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- CN104410412B CN104410412B CN201410529289.6A CN201410529289A CN104410412B CN 104410412 B CN104410412 B CN 104410412B CN 201410529289 A CN201410529289 A CN 201410529289A CN 104410412 B CN104410412 B CN 104410412B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-performance dual-bubble microwave cavity for a rubidium frequency scale. The dual-bubble microwave cavity is characterized in that a filtering bubble and an absorption bubble are respectively positioned at two sides of the microwave cavity and are fixed in a medium barrel; a C field coil is coiled on a C field coiling rod for two layers; the C field coil and the C field coiling rod are fixed in the medium barrel; a coupling ring is fixed on a cavity cover board; one end of the coupling ring is electrically connected to a snap-off diode, and the other end of the coupling ring is connected to an external radio frequency signal; a total reflection prism is fixed between the coupling ring and the cavity cover board; a first photocell a is fixed below the absorption bubble for detecting the intensity of light passing through the absorption bubble, and a second photocell b is fixed on one side, coated with a half-reflection half-transmitting film, of the total reflection prism; pumping light enters from a small hole in the bottom of a magnetic screen barrel; after the pumping light is filtered through the filtering bubble, the pumping light is reflected by the total reflection prism; and a light path is changed by 180 degrees and the light is vertically irradiated into the absorption bubble. The dual-bubble microwave cavity has the following advantages of capabilities of promoting monochromaticity of the pumping light, stabilizing the light intensity of a spectral lamp, reducing the optical frequency shift and improving the stability index of the rubidium frequency scale, and also has the advantages of simple structure and convenient use.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Technology of Atomic Frequency Standards field, a kind of double bubble microwave cavities of high-performance rubidium frequency standard are more particularly to, especially
It is synchronous suitable for communication, time-frequency metering, navigation.
Background technology
Atomic frequency standard, as a kind of equipment for providing high stability frequency time signal, is the core component of temporal frequency.
It is same in communication, navigation, metering, electric power the features such as Rb atom frequency marking is with its low-power consumption, small size, low price in numerous frequency markings
The national economy fields such as step are increasingly widely applied.
It is increasingly extensive with Rb atom frequency marking application, also deepened constantly with improving about its research, work is mainly enclosed
Around two aspects of its performance of raising and miniaturization.In numerous applications, the aviation such as combat helicopter, fighter plane, early warning battle group
Platform, over the ground the mini system such as precise observations and intelligent Unmanned Systems platform to the performance of Rb atom frequency marking, volume, power consumption and
Environmental suitability proposes requirement higher.Rb atom frequency marking demand to high-performance small size is increasingly urgent.
Inactive type rubidium atom frequency scale is made up of physical system and electronic circuit two large divisions, and wherein physical system includes spectrum
Lamp and microwave cavity；The electronic circuit functional module such as including isolation amplification, frequency multiplication, mixing, servo.Physical system provides quantum reference
Frequency, electronic circuit constitutes a frequency locked loop with physical system, and the output frequency of VCXO VCXO is locked
It is scheduled on ︱ F=2, m in rubidium atomic ground state energyF=0>With ︱ F=1, mF=0>Between stabilization jump frequency on.
Physical system is the core component of inactive type rubidium atom frequency scale, plays a part of frequency discriminator, and it provides a frequency
The narrower atomic resonance Absorption Line of stabilization, line width.The Main Function of microwave cavity is for the microwave resonance of atom provides suitable micro-
Wave field, while receiving thermostatic control, to filter, bubble, absorption bubble provide temperature constant working environment.The effect of C field coils is to produce
One and the parallel weak magnetostatic field in microwave magnetic field direction, make atomic ground state hyperfine structure that Zeeman splitting to occur, and be atom
Transition provides quantization axle, while the size by adjusting C field currents, changes the intensity in magnetic field, finely tunes the defeated of Rb atom frequency marking
Go out frequency.
In order to realize microwave signal with870-0 jump frequency of Rb resonates to obtain resonance line, and simplest way is
Rubidium absorption bubble is put into the microwave cavity added with weak magnetostatic field, the resonant frequency adjustment in chamber is existed87Rb ground state two surpasses
In the jump frequency of fine-structure levels 0-0, then detected by microwave detecting device87The absorption line of Rb.The spectral line can be used as
Frequency discrimination spectral line in Rb atom frequency marking.But due to gaseous state87Rb population densities are small, | F=2, mF=0>With | F=1, mF=0>Two
Energy gap is smaller, and in normal temperature, two energy level population differences are very small, therefore eventually through the absorption obtained by this device
Spectral line is very faint, and in bubble87The spectral line that the motion of Rb atoms and collision cause it is broadening also larger, this greatly affected
The short-term stability of frequency marking.
The content of the invention
In order to preferably solve above-mentioned deficiency, the purpose of the present invention is to there are provided a kind of high-performance rubidium frequency standard
Double bubble microwave cavities, simple structure is easy to use, improves the monochromaticjty of pumping light, increased light-microwave double resonance intensity, surely
Determine spectrum lamp light intensity, reduce optical frequency shift, improve rubidium frequency standard Stability index.
In order to realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention uses following technical measures:
A kind of double bubble microwave cavities of high-performance rubidium frequency standard, it includes filter bubble, absorption bubble, total reflection prism, and C around rod, C
Coil, coupling ring, the first photocell a, the second photocell b, medium cylinder, magnetic cup cylinder, chamber cover plate, snap-off diode.Its feature exists
In：Bubble and the absorption bubble of filtering are respectively at the both sides of microwave cavity, and are fixed in medium cylinder；C field coils and C are fixed on around rod
In medium cylinder, coupling ring is fixed on the cover plate of chamber, and coupling ring one end and snap-off diode are electrically connected, the coupling ring other end with it is outer
Portion's radiofrequency signal connection；Total reflection prism is fixed between coupling ring and chamber cover plate, and magnetic cup cylinder bottom side opens one than filtering
The slightly smaller hole of bulb diameter, allows pumping light to enter microwave cavity, and pumping light enters from magnetic cup cylinder small hole at bottom part, after filtered bubble filters,
Reflected through total reflection prism again, light path occurs 180 degree and changes, and vertically injects absorption bubble.First photocell a is being fixed on absorption bubble just
Lower section, for detecting the power by light intensity after absorption bubble, so as to detect magnetic resonance intensity.
Described C field coils are first fixed on C and are integrally attached on rod, then in the reserved hole of medium cylinder, to microwave
Chamber provides the magnetostatic field parallel with cavity axis.This magnetostatic field is close to absorption bubble, without C field coils are wound on into Jie in a traditional way
On matter cylinder or cartridge heater, features simple structure reduces volume.Described C is made around rod of polysulfone material, this kind of material hardness
Height, thermal adaptability is good.
Described total reflection prism is fixed between coupling ring and chamber cover plate, after the filtered bubble of incident light filters, forms single
The preferable pumping light of color, after being reflected through total reflection prism, optical path change 180 degree, vertically into absorption bubble, forms light-microwave
Double resonance.
Described medium cylinder is made up of polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material, and its Dielectric loss tangent value is made pottery than the alundum (Al2O3) commonly used
Porcelain is big, but the present invention improves pumping light monochromaticjty, increased magnetic resonance intensity, improves signal to noise ratio.Therefore, compared to three
Al 2 O ceramics, the influence that the increased dielectric loss of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is caused to performance indications is negligible.Additionally, polytetrafluoroethyl-ne
Alkene material price is cheaper than aluminum oxide ceramic a lot, and working range is wide, stable chemical nature, it is easy to process.
Described total reflection prism is located at the bubble upper side coating half reflection and half transmission film that filters.
Two pieces of photocells are used in the present invention：First photocell a is fixed on immediately below absorption bubble, for detecting by absorbing
Light intensity after bubble, so as to detect magnetic resonance intensity；Second photocell b is fixed on total reflection prism, and to be coated with half reflection and half transmission thin
The top of film side, the light intensity of transmission is received by the second photocell b, the working condition for monitoring spectrum lamp, by feedback loop
Road stabilization pumping light intensity, reduces light intensity frequency displacement.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantages that following several respects and effect：
1. bubble and the absorption bubble of filtering are respectively placed in microwave cavity both sides, and the two links light path through total reflection prism.On the one hand, filter
Light region increases, and enhances filter effect, improves the monochromaticjty of pumping light, increased the efficiency of pumping light, reduces light and makes an uproar
Sound；On the other hand, resonance zone increases, and increased light-microwave double resonance intensity, signal to noise ratio is improved, so that larger on the whole
Improve the stability of rubidium frequency standard.
2. compared with one piece of conventional photocell, present invention employs two pieces of photocells, one piece is used for detection light-microwave pair
The intensity of resonance, another piece is used for detecting pumping light intensity, is so easy to monitor the working condition of spectrum lamp, stabilization pumping light
By force, and then influence of the optical frequency shift to rubidium frequency standard stability is reduced.
3. compared with traditional being wound on C field coils on medium cylinder or cartridge heater, C field coils are first fixed on C in the present invention
Then field is integrally attached in the reserved hole of medium cylinder on rod, and features simple structure reduces volume.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the double bubble microwave cavities of high-performance rubidium frequency standard
Fig. 2 is a kind of sectional view of the double bubble microwave cavities of high-performance rubidium frequency standard
Fig. 3 is a kind of medium cylinder schematic diagram of the double bubble microwave cavities of high-performance rubidium frequency standard
Wherein：Filter 1 (glass tube of alkali resistant glass, such as Corning Incorporated) of bubble, absorption bubble 2 (alkali resistant glass, such as Corning Incorporated
Glass tube), total reflection prism 3 (such as auspicious gloomy optical prism), C around rod 4 (such as polysulfones), C field coils 5 are (such as
155 series or 180 series of Elektrisola), coupling ring 6 (fine silver silk), the first photocell a7 (such as Shanghai Ou Guang silicon photoelectricity
Pond), medium 8 (polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) of cylinder, magnetic cup 9 (iron-nickel alloys) of cylinder, chamber cover plate 10 (such as sheet materials of Rogers 4350), step two
Pole pipe 11 (such as sub- photoelectronic 2CJ3 in Chengdu), the second photocell b12 (such as Shanghai Ou Guang silicon photocells).
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1：
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, the double bubble microwave cavities of a kind of high-performance rubidium frequency standard, it includes filtering bubble 1, absorption bubble 2, complete
Reflecting prism 3, C around rod 4, C field coils 5, coupling ring 6, the first photocell a7, medium cylinder 8, magnetic cup cylinder 9, chamber cover plate 10, rank
Jump diode 11, the second photocell b12.It is characterized in that：Optical filtering bubble 1 and absorption bubble 2 are respectively placed in the both sides of microwave cavity, filter
Bubble 1 and absorption bubble 2 are fixed in medium cylinder 8；C field coils 5 C on rod 4 around two layers, C field coils 5 and C fix around rod 4
In medium cylinder 8, coupling ring 6 is fixed on chamber cover plate 10, and the one end of coupling ring 6 is electrically connected with snap-off diode 11, coupling ring 6
The other end is connected with external radio-frequency signal；Total reflection prism 3 is fixed between coupling ring 6 and chamber cover plate 10, the second photocell b12
It is fixed on the top that total reflection prism 3 is coated with half reflection and half transmission film side；Magnetic cup 9 bottom sides of cylinder open one than filtering
The slightly smaller hole of 1 diameter is steeped, allows pumping light to enter microwave cavity.
As shown in Fig. 2 a kind of sectional views of the double bubble microwave cavities of high-performance rubidium frequency standard, it includes filtering bubble 1, absorption bubble 2, complete
Reflecting prism 3, coupling ring 6, the first photocell a7, medium cylinder 8, magnetic cup cylinder 9, chamber cover plate 10, the second photocell b12.Its feature
Be to filter bubble 1 and absorption bubble 2 is placed in medium cylinder both sides, indicated the light path of pumping light with black arrow, pumping light from
Magnetic cup 9 small hole at bottom part of cylinder enter, and after filtered bubble 1 filters, then are reflected through total reflection prism 3, and light path occurs 180 degree and changes, and hangs down
Direct projection enters absorption bubble 2.The first described photocell a 7 is fixed on immediately below 9 bottom absorption bubble of magnetic cup cylinder 2, common for detection magnetic
Shake intensity；Total reflection prism 3 is located at the top of bubble 1 that side coating half reflection and half transmission film that filters, and the second photocell b 12 consolidates
Half reflection and half transmission film top is scheduled on, transmitted light is used to detect the working condition of pumping light, by feedback stability pumping light, from
And improve rubidium frequency standard output stability.
As shown in figure 3, a kind of media cylinder of the double bubble microwave cavities of high-performance rubidium frequency standard it include the bubble 1, absorption bubble 2, C that filters
Around rod 4, C field coils 5, medium cylinder 8, it is characterised in that two holes are symmetrically dug in 8 both sides of medium cylinder, for fixed 1 He of bubble of filtering
Absorption bubble 2, this fixed form causes that absorption bubble 2 is exactly in a most strong region of TE111 magnetic fields, increased magnetic resonance strong
Degree, improves signal to noise ratio.An aperture is dug in another side of medium cylinder 8, and the C C field wire on rod 4 is wound on for fixation
Circle 5, this design had both eliminated other space coiling C, simplicity for microwave cavity provide one it is parallel with cavity axis
Magnetostatic field, and one is formed to whole microwave cavity micro- be in the stronger area of electric field around effect, C field coils 5 and C rich rod 4
Domain, can effectively reduce chamber frequently, and the volume of microwave cavity is reduced in the case where performance is not lost.So space availability ratio is high, machine
Tool intensity is good.Dielectric constant and dielectric loss also meet requirement.
Described C is made around rod 4 of polysulfone material, and this kind of material hardness is high, and thermal adaptability is good.
Described medium cylinder 8 is made up of polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material, and this material price is cheap, and working range is wide, chemically
Matter stabilization, it is easy to process.
Tested using this device, by material processing, assembling is adjusted by test of many times, and laboratory is replaced with it
The microwave cavity of existing rubidium frequency standard, and debug closed loop locking.It was found that using the microwave cavity can by physical system signal to noise ratio lifted 3dB with
On, by rubidium frequency standard stability by 1 × 10-11/ the second is promoted to 5 × 10-12/ the second.
Claims (1)
1. double bubble microwave cavities of a kind of high-performance rubidium frequency standard, it include filtering bubble (1), absorption bubble (2), total reflection prism (3), C
Around rod (4), C field coils (5), coupling ring (6), the first photocell a (7), medium cylinder (8), magnetic cup cylinder (9), chamber cover plate (10), rank
Jump diode (11), the second photocell b (12), it is characterised in that：Optical filtering bubble (1) and absorption bubble (2) are respectively placed in microwave cavity
Both sides, optical filtering bubble (1) and absorption bubble (2) are fixed in medium cylinder (8)；C field coils (5) C on rod (4) around two layers, C
Coil (5) and C are fixed in medium cylinder (8) around rod (4), and coupling ring (6) is fixed on chamber cover plate (10), coupling ring (6)
End is connected with snap-off diode (11) electrical connection, coupling ring (6) other end with external radio-frequency signal；Total reflection prism (3) is solid
It is scheduled between coupling ring (6) and chamber cover plate (10), total reflection prism (3) is positioned at bubble (1) the upper side coating semi-reflection and semi that filters
Transmissive film, the second photocell b (12) is fixed on total reflection prism (3) and is coated with half reflection and half transmission film side；Magnetic cup cylinder
(9) bottom side opens one than the small hole of bubble (1) diameter of filtering, and the first photocell a (7) is fixed on the lower section of absorption bubble 2；
C is made around rod (4) of polysulfone material；
Medium cylinder (8) is made up of polytetrafluoroethylmaterial material；
Total reflection prism (3) by through optical filtering bubble (1) filter after the preferable pumping light of monochromaticjty, optical path change 180 degree, vertically
Into absorption bubble (2).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410529289.6A CN104410412B (en) | 2014-10-10 | 2014-10-10 | Dual-bubble microwave cavity for rubidium frequency scale |
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| CN201410529289.6A CN104410412B (en) | 2014-10-10 | 2014-10-10 | Dual-bubble microwave cavity for rubidium frequency scale |
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| CN104410412B true CN104410412B (en) | 2017-05-17 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109245764B (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2022-03-18 | 成都天奥电子股份有限公司 | Rubidium atomic clock device based on differential optical detection |
| CN111245434B (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-03-05 | 中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院 | Cavity bubble system for high-precision rubidium atomic frequency standard |
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| CN101000974A (en) * | 2006-01-10 | 2007-07-18 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Rubidium atomic frequency standard microwave cavity resonator |
| CN101237077A (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2008-08-06 | 四川天奥星华时频技术有限公司 | Small Rb atom frequency marking cavity bubble system |
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| CN101000974A (en) * | 2006-01-10 | 2007-07-18 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Rubidium atomic frequency standard microwave cavity resonator |
| CN101237077A (en) * | 2008-01-29 | 2008-08-06 | 四川天奥星华时频技术有限公司 | Small Rb atom frequency marking cavity bubble system |
| CN101694917A (en) * | 2009-09-23 | 2010-04-14 | 中国科学院武汉物理与数学研究所 | Mini microwave cavity |
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Effective date of registration: 20181210 Address after: 430071 No. 34 Xiaohongshan Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province Patentee after: Wuhan Zhongke Kunde Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 430071 Xiaohong Shanxi 30, Wuhan, Hubei Patentee before: Wuhan Inst. of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences |