CN104409689A - Polypyrrole coated hard carbon cathode material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Polypyrrole coated hard carbon cathode material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104409689A CN104409689A CN201410651767.0A CN201410651767A CN104409689A CN 104409689 A CN104409689 A CN 104409689A CN 201410651767 A CN201410651767 A CN 201410651767A CN 104409689 A CN104409689 A CN 104409689A
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- hard carbon
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/133—Electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/137—Electrodes based on electro-active polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1393—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/139—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/1399—Processes of manufacture of electrodes based on electro-active polymers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
- H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a polypyrrole coated hard carbon cathode material and a preparation method thereof. The polypyrrole coated hard carbon cathode material adopts a hard carbon sphere as the substrate, which is coated with a polypyrrole layer. The preparation process comprises: taking glucose as the carbon source, preparing a hard carbon sphere material by a hydrothermal calcination method, taking ferric chloride hexahydrate as the oxidant, and preparing the polypyrrole coated hard carbon cathode material by an in-situ chemical oxidation method. The process involved in the invention is simple, has good repeatability, and has no need of adding additives. The prepared composite material has good electrical conductivity, thus being in favor of bringing the electrochemical performance of the lithium ion battery cathode material into play.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the coated hard carbon cathode material of a kind of polypyrrole and preparation method, belong to the technology of preparing of lithium ion battery negative material.
Background technology
Along with energy crisis and environmental pollution are more serious, the research and development for new forms of energy become the important channel addressed these problems.As a kind of novel electrochemical cells, lithium ion battery possesses Large Copacity, fast charging and discharging, longer useful life, more excellent security performance and avirulent feature, becomes the contenders of new forms of energy secondary cell especially electrokinetic cell.As a kind of conventional lithium ion battery negative material, the advantages such as material with carbon element is low with its cost, preparation technology simple, good cycling stability occupy the main status in lithium ion battery negative material market.With graphite-phase ratio, hard carbon cathode material possesses that preparation temperature is lower, fail safe better, easily and other negative materials form the advantage of negative material.But theoretical specific capacity only 372 mAh/g of material with carbon element, can not meet all the more the demand of electrokinetic cell to high-energy-density.Therefore prepare the coated hard carbon cathode material of polypyrrole, utilize polypyrrole polymeric PTC materials layer to improve electron conduction and the ionic conductivity of hard carbon material, improve the theoretical specific capacity of hard carbon material, prepare Novel cathode material for lithium ion battery, significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide the coated hard carbon cathode material of a kind of polypyrrole and preparation method, and the method is process stabilizing, and the obtained coated hard carbon cathode material of polypyrrole has good chemical property.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.The coated hard carbon cathode material of a kind of polypyrrole, it is characterized in that, the composition of the coated hard carbon cathode material of this polypyrrole is the hard carbon ball that particle diameter is 100-200 nm is matrix, coated polypyrrole on matrix, coating layer is 10-20 nm, and the polypyrrole mass fraction accounted in negative material is 25-45%.
The preparation method of the coated hard carbon cathode material of polypyrrole of said structure, is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) DEXTROSE ANHYDROUS is joined in deionized water, be mixed with the D/W that concentration is 1.5-2.5 mol/L, successively through ultrasonic disperse and magnetic agitation, obtain the D/W mixed, this D/W is transferred in hydrothermal reaction kettle, 8-12 h is reacted at temperature 150 DEG C-180 DEG C, room temperature is cooled to cold water, product priority absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water filtering and washing are to cleaning solution clear, freeze drying is carried out subsequently temperature-40 DEG C to-50 DEG C, presoma after freeze drying is placed in tube furnace, under whole process passes into Ar protective condition, 600 DEG C-1000 DEG C are warming up to the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, insulation 6-10h, then, cool to room temperature obtains the porous hard carbon ball material that particle diameter is 100-200 nm,
2) be (0.5-2) by step 1) gained hard carbon material and pyrrole monomer according to mass ratio: 1 adds in deionized water, obtains mixed solution through ultrasonic disperse and magnetic agitation, continues to stir at 0-15 DEG C, the FeCl of preparation 0.5-1.5 mol/L
3solution, according to pyrroles in mixed solution and FeCl
36H
2the mol ratio 1:1 of O is by FeCl
36H
2o dropwise is added drop-wise in mixed solution, and solution is fully reacted, and by product priority absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water filtering and washing, until cleaning solution clear, colorless, at-40 DEG C to-50 DEG C, obtains the coated hard carbon cathode material of polypyrrole after cool drying.
The present invention has the following advantages and effect: preparation technology's simple and stable, reproducible.The coated hard carbon cathode material of gained polypyrrole, hard carbon matrix is outer complete is coated with polyphosphazene polymer pyrroles conducting film, and the surface functional group on hard carbon matrix and defect make polypyrrole and hard carbon strong bonded.Conducting polymer-polypyrrole coating layer add the conductance and active material utilization that effectively improve negative material, thus improve the specific capacity of negative material.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the stereoscan photograph of the coated hard carbon cathode material of polypyrrole that the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtains.
Fig. 2 is the transmission electron microscope photomacrograph of the coated hard carbon cathode material of polypyrrole that the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtains.
Fig. 3 is the high-resolution transmission micrograph of the coated hard carbon cathode material of polypyrrole that the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtains.
Fig. 4 is the cycle performance curve of the coated hard carbon cathode material of polypyrrole that the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtains.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, and these embodiments, just for illustration of the present invention, do not limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Taking 21.4g DEXTROSE ANHYDROUS is dissolved in 70mL deionized water, obtains the D/W mixed after 30 min ultrasonic disperse and 30 min magnetic agitation.Mixed solution is transferred in hydrothermal reaction kettle, hydrothermal reaction kettle is placed in baking oven.Be warming up to 160 DEG C, insulation 10h.After hydro-thermal reaction terminates, reactor cold water is lowered the temperature rapidly.Hydrothermal product absolute ethyl alcohol and each filtering and washing of deionized water three times, carry out-46 DEG C of cool dryings with being placed in freeze drier.Presoma after freeze-drying is laid in Noah's ark, Noah's ark is placed in tube furnace flat-temperature zone.First Ar(50 mL/min is passed into) get rid of tubular type furnace air, duration of ventilation is 15 min, is warming up to 800 DEG C subsequently with 10 DEG C/min, and insulation 8h carries out carbonization treatment.Under Ar protection, be cooled to room temperature after reaction terminates, obtain porous hard carbon ball material 0.6g.
Take the porous hard carbon ball 0.3 g and 0.3g pyrrole monomer (PY) of above-mentioned preparation, be dissolved in 300 mL deionized waters.After 30 min ultrasonic disperse and 30 min magnetic agitation, solution is mixed.Solution is placed in plastic box, plastic box is placed on magnetic stirring apparatus.Take 1.25 g Iron trichloride hexahydrate (FeCl
36H
2o) add in 200 mL deionized waters, ultrasonic disperse 30 min, magnetic agitation 30 min, obtain the ferric chloride solution disperseed.Ferric chloride solution is dropwise added drop-wise in the mixed solution of hard carbon and pyrrole monomer.Controlling reaction temperature in dropping process is 5 DEG C.After reaction terminates, product absolute ethyl alcohol and each suction filtration of deionized water are cleaned three times, to cleaning solution clear, colorless.Subsequently product is placed in freeze drier, cool drying at-46 DEG C, obtains the coated hard carbon cathode material of polypyrrole.
By the coated hard carbon cathode material of polypyrrole obtained for said process, acetylene black, poly-inclined tetrafluoroethene, be 8:1:1(0.15g: 0.019g: 0.019g according to mass ratio) mass ratio be dissolved in 1-METHYLPYRROLIDONE, mechanical agitation 3 ~ 4h makes slurry, be coated on aluminium foil with I-shaped scraper, 120 DEG C of oven dry.Punch out the disk that diameter is 12mm, make work electrode, burying paper tinsel with metal is to electrode, and barrier film adopts Celgard 2325 diaphragm paper, and electrolyte adopts the LiPF of 1mol/L
6eC:EMC:DEC=1:1:1(volume ratio) solution, in glove box assembled battery.The loop test of 100 mA/g is carried out at LANDt battery test system.Cycle performance curve is shown in Fig. 4.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment step is identical with example 1,12h is brought up to by 10h unlike by the hydro-thermal reaction time of step 1), hydrothermal temperature brings up to 180 DEG C by 160 DEG C, and in the obtained coated hard carbon cathode material of polypyrrole, hard carbon matrix is ellipsoid shape, and particle diameter is 100-200 nm.The coated hard carbon material of polypyrrole that measured negative material specific capacity obtains a little less than embodiment 1, the specific capacity comparatively low 20-40 mAh/g of embodiment 1 of each cycle.
Embodiment 3
This case step is identical with example 1, unlike by step 2) in hard carbon control to be 2:1 with the mass ratio of polypyrrole.In the obtained coated hard carbon cathode material of polypyrrole, the coating layer integrality of polypyrrole is lower, the coated hard carbon material of polypyrrole that measured negative material specific capacity obtains a little less than embodiment 1, the specific capacity comparatively low 30-50 mAh/g of embodiment 1 of each cycle.
Embodiment 4
This case step is identical with example 1, unlike by step 2) in reaction temperature control to be 15 DEG C.In the obtained coated hard carbon cathode material of polypyrrole, polypyrrole coating layer integrality is lower, gained negative material specific capacity a little less than the obtained coated hard carbon material of polypyrrole of embodiment 1, the specific capacity comparatively low 40-60 mAh/g of embodiment 1 of each cycle.
Claims (2)
1. the coated hard carbon cathode material of polypyrrole, it is characterized in that, the composition of the coated hard carbon cathode material of this polypyrrole is the hard carbon ball that particle diameter is 100-200 nm is matrix, coated polypyrrole on matrix, coating layer is 10-20 nm, and the polypyrrole mass fraction accounted in negative material is 25-45%.
2., by a preparation method for the coated hard carbon cathode material of polypyrrole described in claim 1, it is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1) DEXTROSE ANHYDROUS is joined in deionized water, be mixed with the D/W that concentration is 1.5-2.5 mol/L, successively through ultrasonic disperse and magnetic agitation, obtain the D/W mixed, this D/W is transferred in hydrothermal reaction kettle, 8-12 h is reacted at temperature 150 DEG C-180 DEG C, room temperature is cooled to cold water, product priority absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water filtering and washing are to cleaning solution clear, freeze drying is carried out subsequently temperature-40 DEG C to-50 DEG C, presoma after freeze drying is placed in tube furnace, under whole process passes into Ar protective condition, 600 DEG C-1000 DEG C are warming up to the heating rate of 10 DEG C/min, insulation 6-10h, then, cool to room temperature obtains the porous hard carbon ball material that particle diameter is 100-200 nm,
2) be (0.5-2) by step 1) gained hard carbon material and pyrrole monomer according to mass ratio: 1 adds in deionized water, obtains mixed solution through ultrasonic disperse and magnetic agitation, and continue to stir at 0-15 DEG C, compound concentration is the FeCl of 0.5-1.5 mol/L
3solution, according to pyrroles in mixed solution and FeCl
36H
2the mol ratio 1:1 of O is by FeCl
36H
2o dropwise is added drop-wise in mixed solution, and solution is fully reacted, and by product priority absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water filtering and washing, until cleaning solution clear, colorless, at-40 DEG C to-50 DEG C, obtains the coated hard carbon cathode material of polypyrrole after cool drying.
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Cited By (7)
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CN106935854A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-07 | 中国人民解放军63971部队 | A kind of carbon material for lithium battery and preparation method thereof |
CN111384394A (en) * | 2020-03-04 | 2020-07-07 | 淄博易德业新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of glucose-based hard carbon negative electrode material |
CN112652815A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-04-13 | 郑州中科新兴产业技术研究院 | Low-internal-resistance all-solid-state battery and preparation method thereof |
CN113228352A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2021-08-06 | 株式会社Lg化学 | Carbon having polymer layer containing redox functional group formed thereon, and sulfur-carbon composite and lithium secondary battery comprising the same |
CN115231545A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-10-25 | 武汉大学 | Preparation method and application of polymer modified biomass hard carbon negative electrode material |
CN115954442A (en) * | 2022-10-12 | 2023-04-11 | 广东容钠新能源科技有限公司 | Polymer film surface modified biomass hard carbon material, preparation method and application |
CN116885196A (en) * | 2023-09-06 | 2023-10-13 | 潍坊科技学院 | Polypyrrole@three-dimensional cavity carbon skeleton composite electrode material and preparation and application thereof |
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CN106935854A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-07 | 中国人民解放军63971部队 | A kind of carbon material for lithium battery and preparation method thereof |
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CN115231545A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2022-10-25 | 武汉大学 | Preparation method and application of polymer modified biomass hard carbon negative electrode material |
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