CN104408997A - Novel electrostatic field tracer - Google Patents
Novel electrostatic field tracer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104408997A CN104408997A CN201410618970.8A CN201410618970A CN104408997A CN 104408997 A CN104408997 A CN 104408997A CN 201410618970 A CN201410618970 A CN 201410618970A CN 104408997 A CN104408997 A CN 104408997A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B23/00—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
- G09B23/06—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics
- G09B23/18—Models for scientific, medical, or mathematical purposes, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes for physics for electricity or magnetism
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Abstract
The invention relates to a novel electrostatic field tracer and belongs to the physics experiment teaching equipment field. According to the novel electrostatic field tracer, an upper computer is adopted as a core control unit, and an acquisition card, a single-chip microcomputer, a stepping motor driver, a stepping motor and the like are also adopted, and therefore, potential data of a simulation field can be automatically acquired, displayed and stored. The novel electrostatic field tracer includes an upper computer, an RS485 data acquisition card, an RS485-to-232 bidirectional converter, an RS232 connecting line, an STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer, a lead screw guide rail, a stepping motor driver, a stepping motor, a water box with electrodes, rowed probes and a voltage-stabilized power source. According to the novel electrostatic field tracer of the invention, different axis errors are eliminated, automation of the scanning and data acquisition of the rowed probes is realized, and therefore, data acquisition efficiency can be greatly improved; when the acquisition is performed, the software of the upper computer automatically draws a colorful equipotential line distribution pattern, and automatically saves the data and the equipotential line distribution pattern. The novel electrostatic field tracer has the advantages of fast measurement speed, high precision and simple operation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to experiment teaching instrument field, be specifically related to a kind of Novel static electric field drawing apparatus for physics experiment teaching.
Technical background
Current electrostatic field scanner can be divided into according to the difference of conducting medium: conductive paper electrostatic field scanner, electrolytic solution electrostatic field scanner and conducting glass electrostatic field plotting instrument.The first adopts the conductive paper scribbling graphite as dielectric, by probe and pilot pin, realizes quantitatively record and data analysis; The second replaces conductive paper to make dielectric with water, and method is fixed electorde in a transparent organic glass tank, and then load onto appropriate water in the sink, the lower floor being put into experiment frame tests; The third makes dielectric with conductive crystallite.
The defect doing dielectric existence with conductive paper has: on (1) conductive paper, electrically conductive layer is coated with uneven, conductive paper resistance is poor in all directions homogeneity, the distribution of such current field with distribute not exclusively the same by analog electrostatic field, make to test accuracy, repeated poor; (2) contact of electrode and conductive paper is uneven, and the contact of probe and conductive paper because of people, number of dimensions and different, can make contact resistance unstable, affect rendering results; (3) when measuring, probe contacts mobile and repeats contact on conductive paper, makes conductive paper damaged, directly affects the electric conductivity of conductive paper so on the one hand, affect experiment effect; Affect the serviceable life of conductive paper on the other hand, frequently change conductive paper, increase experimental cost.`
Replacing conductive paper to make dielectric shortcoming with conductive crystallite as dielectric is conductive crystallite price, and conductive crystallite is fragile.
Although replace conductive paper to make dielectric with water also there is certain defect, as: (1) water electrolysis produces bubble and is attached to electrode surface.(2) hydrone polarization, producing bound charge affects simulation yard; (3) need to change water, and the water yield has impact to simulate effect.But due to water low price, be convenient to draw materials, therefore, that does that electrolyte carries out static field description with water is still main flow.
Double-deck drawing apparatus and individual layer drawing apparatus two kinds can be divided into by structure difference.The electrostatic field scanner that a lot of colleges and universities laboratory is used at present mostly uses double-deck drawing apparatus to describe analog electrostatic field.The fixed handle seat quality that existing instrument connects upper and lower two probes is comparatively large, very large with the friction force of experiment table, when mobile, be difficult to the shift position controlling it.Especially from static to the moment of motion and when voltage table reading is very close to need minor adjustments with reference to position voltage to be measured time, be difficult to precise control, thus cause error comparatively greatly, affect experiment effect, add the difficulty of experiment.In addition, double-deck drawing apparatus easily produces " disalignment error ".When bilevel probe not on the same axis, if do not rotated when describing, the distribution of the electrostatic field that obtains can be described as the translation of tested electric field.But, require that it is very difficult for not rotating when describing.When having rotation, coordinate paper is retouched etc. site, will and actual electrical field distribution situation between there is error, i.e. " disalignment error ".
Conventional electrostatic field drawing apparatus, when describing electrostatic field, the site such as first will to find.And the method in the sites such as searching everywhere measures in tested field regime by describing probe with voltage meter, look for while observe the reading of voltage meter, when the reading of voltage meter is setting value, stop probe, is then marked on coordinate paper by this point.This method efficiency of manually seeking a little is very low.
From the trend of testing tool development, total trend is robotization, intelligent, high efficiency.Data acquisition and displaying scheme that quality is higher can be utilized, realize the description of electrostatic field with method more easily.Along with the progress of science and technology, take host computer as the design of main control centre, its advantage will progressively show.In a final design, we design a kind of Novel static electric field drawing apparatus, the collection of the quantification of the movement of probe, data, data, the display etc. of data are all realized robotization, raises the efficiency, reduce costs.
Summary of the invention
For solving the problem, the present invention proposes a kind of Novel static electric field drawing apparatus.Fundamentally eliminate disalignment error, substantially increase the efficiency of data acquisition, automatically draw colored equipotential line distribution plan in real time and automatically can preserve data and equipotential line distribution pattern.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: this Novel static electric field drawing apparatus is made up of data acquisition system (DAS), row's probe scanning system, host computer three part, electric field Survey and map software is arranged in host computer, the voltage signal of described data acquisition system row probe scanning system detection, and transfer to host computer, it is characterized in that: described data acquisition system (DAS) by arranging probe, a RS485 capture card, the 2nd RS485 capture card, RS485 turn 232 bidirectional transducers, simulation yard to be measured, 12V constant voltage dc source and simulation yard constant voltage dc source form; Row's probe has 40 probes, and numbering is followed successively by 1,2,3 ... 40, wherein, 1-20 probe is connected with the analog input end AIN1-20 of a RS485 capture card respectively; 21-40 probe is connected with the analog input end AIN1-20 of the 2nd RS485 capture card respectively; 12V constant voltage dc source is that a RS485 capture card and the 2nd RS485 capture card are powered, the GND that RS485 turns 232 bidirectional transducers is received after the 485G of the one RS485 capture card is in parallel with the 485G of the 2nd RS485 capture card 2, receive the T/R+ that RS485 turns 232 bidirectional transducers after the 485A+ of the one RS485 capture card is in parallel with the 485A+ of the 2nd RS485 capture card, after the 485B-of a RS485 capture card is in parallel with the 485B-of the 2nd RS485 capture card, receive the T/R-that RS485 turns 232 bidirectional transducers; The serial ports end that RS485 turns 232 bidirectional transducers is connected with the serial ports of host computer; Simulation yard to be measured is placed in be described on platform, and two binding posts of simulation yard to be measured are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of simulation yard with constant voltage dc source respectively, and simulation yard to be measured is electrolytic solution analog electrostatic field; Receive on the negative pole of simulation yard constant voltage dc source after the COM of the one RS485 capture card is in parallel with the COM of the 2nd RS485 capture card;
Row's probe scanning system is by single-chip microcomputer, stepper motor driver, stepper motor, lead screw guide rails and stepper drive electric power generating composition, stepper motor is connected with stepper motor driver, stepper motor driver is connected with stepper drive power supply, the P40 mouth of single-chip microcomputer is connect after PUL+ and the DIR+ parallel connection of stepper motor driver, the PUL-(PUL of stepper motor driver) connect the P8 mouth of single-chip microcomputer, the DIR-(DIR of stepper motor driver) connect the P7 mouth of single-chip microcomputer, the P20 mouth ground connection of single-chip microcomputer, the crystal oscillator of the P18 mouth of single-chip microcomputer and an indirect 11.0592MHz of P19 mouth, the P10 mouth of single-chip microcomputer is connected with the USB interface of host computer by USB line with P11 mouth, the orientation of described row's probe and the axial vertical of leading screw, row's probe links together through crossbeam and Metallic rod, and Metallic rod is inserted in sleeve, and sleeve is fixed on magnet base, and magnet base utilizes magnetic key operated lock to fix in lead screw guide rails.
Described row's probe arranges pin by 40P and Du Pont's dress rehearsal wire is formed, and row's pin is single minute hand, and the spacing of pin is 2.54mm, the long 30mm of pin, and Du Pont's dress rehearsal wire is 40P dress rehearsal wire.
The step angle of described stepper motor is 1.8 °, and the screw lead of lead screw guide rails is 4mm, and the recurrence interval is 2mS, and row's probe moves 0.02mm at vertical direction.
Described electric field Survey and map software is by following process flow operation:
(1) start;
(2) communication 1 parameter and 2 parameters that communicate are set; Communication 1 parameter is set, after click, selects COM1 at serial port setting interface; Arrange after communication 2 parameter is clicked and select COM3 at serial port setting interface;
(3) scan mode is selected;
(4) sampling period is set;
(5) draw;
(6) preserve;
(7) terminate.
Adopt the beneficial effect of technique scheme: when traditional electrostatic field scanner works, need the sites such as searching, common way everywhere measures in tested simulation yard with the probe connecting voltage meter, traveling probe is while observe voltage meter on one side, when the reading of voltage meter is setting value, stop traveling probe, this point is marked on coordinate paper.Then aforesaid operations is repeated, until the number of point is abundant, the distribution situation that roughly can describe equipotential line, so the efficiency of seeking a little is low especially.The present invention utilizes host computer directly quantized by capture card and gather the potential value of measurement point, by software directly to the equipotential line distribution plan going out simulation yard; Utilize single-chip microcomputer, stepper motor driver, stepper motor and lead screw guide rails realize the movement of row's probe location, thus the longitudinal scanning movement of the row's of realization probe, to reach, the automatic measurement that the length of side is each point potential value of the point of square control network of 2.54mm is in simulation yard certain area (area 99.06mm × 99.06mm).While acquisition each point electromotive force data, utilize software to draw, the potential value of diverse location is represented in the different color of drawing area correspondence position, thus obtain colored potential profile intuitively.Be completed, data and picture can be preserved and export.Not only efficiency is high, and accuracy is high.In addition, the present invention uses row's probe directly to measure the potential value of each point, utilizes software directly to the equipotential line distribution plan going out simulation yard.The data exported can utilize Origin software or Mat lab software analyze further and study.Double-deck electrostatic field scanner is in the past compared, and fundamentally overcomes disalignment error, avoids the difference between rendering results and actual electrical field distribution situation.The scanning of row's probe, the quantification of data, collection, storage all achieve robotization, substantially increase the efficiency of data acquisition.
Owing to making to use water as electrolyte, compare as dielectric with use conductive paper in the past, there is not conductive paper and smear uneven because of electrically conductive layer, electrode and conductive paper loose contact and the duplicate measurements problem such as make conductive paper damaged.Compare as dielectric with use conductive crystallite in the past, overcome the drawback that conductive crystallite is expensive, be easy to damage.
Simple, with low cost, the easy operation of the principle of the invention, effect are directly perceived, can replace traditional static field description method completely, in the measurement of analog electrostatic field, teaching and research aspect significant, there is certain promotional value.
The concrete feature of electrostatic field scanner of the present invention is as follows:
1, " two-dimensional scan " is realized with one-dimensional scanning and row's probe design.
Owing to needing to measure each point potential value of the point of square control network being in certain length of side in certain area, if adopt single probe, probe just must be allowed to carry out two-dimensional scan in this region.This needs to use XY-worktable, and not only cost raises, and strengthens the control difficulty of probe location, and the efficiency of test reduces.If adopt the probe array of two-dimensional grid distribution, the collection of data will strengthen difficulty, and cost also can increase.The present invention utilizes one-dimensional scanning and row's probe design to realize " two-dimensional scan ".40 pins of row's probe are laterally arranging at equal intervals, are equivalent to a pin and are laterally getting 40 positions, so row's probe is equivalent to the transversal scanning of a pin.The overall one-dimensional scanning in longitudinal direction of the row's of adding probe, integrates the two-dimensional scan being equivalent to a pin.The control of the control of signals collecting and stepper motor motion all reduces difficulty, and cost also reduced, and substantially increases the efficiency of data acquisition.
2,40 roads or 64 road capture cards are replaced with the capture card on 2 20 tunnels.
Select the RS485 capture card with Liang Ge 20 tunnel, turn 232 bidirectional transducers by RS485 after the output terminal parallel connection of these two capture cards and be connected with host computer.Not only circuit is simple, and cost is low, and ensure that higher data acquisition efficiency.
3, color table registration value is utilized.
Test provides the data of 1600 test points, and these data point distribution are on the grid dot matrix of 40 row, 40 row, and each puts the horizontal ordinate, ordinate and the potential value that there are oneself.For obtaining the equipotential line of simulation yard, the present invention utilizes software that potential value is divided different sections, uses a kind of color marking for every section, and so just obtain a colored equipotential line distribution pattern, difficulty is less, and effect is directly perceived.
4, data point arrangement is similar with coordinate paper.
Step angle due to the stepper motor selected is 1.8 °, and the helical pitch of screw mandrel is 4mm, and therefore, stepper motor often makes a move, and row's probe moves 0.02mm at vertical direction, and the recurrence interval is 2mS, and therefore, choosing data collection cycle is
.Like this, all data points are by being distributed on point of square control network that the length of side is 2.54mm, similar with coordinate paper, are convenient to understand and analyze.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, instantiation of the present invention is described in detail to the present invention.
Fig. 1 systematic schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 row's probe scanning system of the present invention structural representation.
Fig. 3 software flow pattern of the present invention.
The depiction of the length straight coaxial cylindrical electrostatic field equipotential line of Fig. 4 embodiment of the present invention.
The depiction of two equivalent xenogenesis point charge electrostatic field equipotential lines of Fig. 5 embodiment of the present invention.
The depiction of the focusing electrode electrostatic field equipotential line of Fig. 6 embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 Origin software data processing obtains the three-dimensional plot of long straight coaxial cylindrical electrostatic field electromotive force.
Fig. 8 Origin software data processing obtains long straight coaxial cylindrical electrostatic field equipotential line distribution plan.
Embodiment
Novel static electric field drawing apparatus as shown in Figure 1, is formed primarily of row probe scanning system 9, simulation yard to be measured (water box) the 11, the one RS485 data collecting card 2, the 2nd RS485 data collecting card 8, host computer 3, STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer 4, stepper motor driver 6, stepper motor 7, stepper drive power supply 5,12V constant voltage dc source 1 and simulation yard constant voltage dc source 10.The 20 road RS485 capture cards that first and second data collecting card selects vast sky electronics to produce, can realize the conversion of 20 road signals simultaneously.The both positive and negative polarity of simulation yard constant voltage dc source is connected with two electrodes of simulation yard to be measured (water box) respectively, injects proper amount of clear water, set up simulation yard to be measured in water box.40 pins of row's probe are connected with 40 analog input ends of the 2nd RS485 capture card with a RS485 capture card successively.The COM end of the one RS485 capture card and the COM end parallel connection of the 2nd RS485 capture card, be then connected on binding post that water box is connected with simulation yard constant voltage dc source negative pole.The positive pole of 12V constant voltage dc source is received after the V+ of the one RS485 capture card is in parallel with the V+ of the 2nd RS485 capture card; The negative pole of 12V constant voltage dc source is received after the V-of the one RS485 capture card is in parallel with the V-of the 2nd RS485 capture card.The GND that RS485 turns 232 bidirectional transducers is received after the 485G of the one RS485 capture card is in parallel with the 485G of the 2nd RS485 capture card, receive the T/R+ that RS485 turns 232 bidirectional transducers after the 485A+ of the one RS485 capture card is in parallel with the 485A+ of the 2nd RS485 capture card, after the 485B-of a RS485 capture card is in parallel with the 485B-of the 2nd RS485 capture card, receive the T/R-that RS485 turns 232 bidirectional transducers.The serial ports of serial ports end and host computer that RS485 turns 232 bidirectional transducers is connected by nine needles serial port line.
Row's probe scanning system as shown in Figure 2, by STC89C52 single-chip microcomputer 4, stepper motor driver 6, stepper motor 7, lead screw guide rails 18 and stepper drive power supply 5 are formed, stepper motor 7 is connected with stepper motor driver 6, stepper motor driver 6 is connected with stepper drive power supply 5, the P40 mouth of single-chip microcomputer is connect after PUL+ and the DIR+ parallel connection of stepper motor driver, the PUL-(PUL of stepper motor driver) connect the P8 mouth of single-chip microcomputer, the DIR-(DIR of stepper motor driver) connect the P7 mouth of single-chip microcomputer, the P20 mouth ground connection of single-chip microcomputer, the crystal oscillator of the P18 mouth of single-chip microcomputer and an indirect 11.0592MHz of P19 mouth, the P10 mouth of single-chip microcomputer is connected with the USB interface of host computer by USB line with P11 mouth, the orientation of described row's probe 12 and the axial vertical of leading screw, row's probe 12 links together through crossbeam 13 and Metallic rod 14, and Metallic rod 14 is inserted in sleeve 16, fastening by hold-down bolt 15, sleeve 16 is fixed on magnet base 17, and magnet base 17 utilizes magnetic key operated lock to fix in lead screw guide rails 18.Described row's probe arranges pin by 40P and Du Pont's dress rehearsal wire is formed, and row's pin is single minute hand, and the spacing of pin is 2.54mm, the long 30mm of pin, and Du Pont's dress rehearsal wire is 40P dress rehearsal wire.The step angle of described stepper motor is 1.8 °, and the screw lead of lead screw guide rails is 4mm, and the recurrence interval is 2mS, and row's probe moves 0.02mm at vertical direction.
Fig. 3 is software flow pattern of the present invention, installs electric field Survey and map software in host computer, and this electric field Survey and map software is by following process flow operation:
1, start;
2, communication 1 parameter and 2 parameters that communicate are set; Communication 1 parameter is set, after click, selects COM1 at serial port setting interface; Arrange after communication 2 parameter is clicked and select COM3 at serial port setting interface;
3, scan mode is selected;
4, the sampling period is set;
5, draw;
6, preserve;
7, terminate.
Embodiment
Utilize Novel static electric field drawing apparatus of the present invention and control method, gather long straight coaxial pillar electrode simulation yard respectively, the data of two equivalent xenogenesis point charge simulation yards and focusing electrode simulation yard, water box electrode institute making alive is followed successively by 9.9V, 6V and 6.5V.
test result
According to above-mentioned test condition, Novel static electric field drawing apparatus of the present invention is adopted to describe the equipotential line distribution plan of simulation yard.The equipotential line distribution that upper computer software provides is respectively as shown in Fig. 4, Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
By the data Origin software process that Novel static electric field drawing apparatus of the present invention is preserved, electromotive force three-dimensional plot and the equipotential line distribution of three kinds of simulation yards can be obtained.Wherein, as shown in Figure 7, equipotential line distribution as shown in Figure 8 for the electromotive force three-dimensional plot of long straight coaxial cylindrical electrostatic field.More known, the rule that the equipotential line distribution plan that equipotential line distribution plan and the process of Origin software of the simulation yard that upper computer software provides obtain reflects is the same, and only, the number of the equipotential line that Origin software provides is more, curve is more level and smooth.
Claims (3)
1. a Novel static electric field drawing apparatus, be made up of data acquisition system (DAS), row's probe scanning system, host computer three part, electric field Survey and map software is arranged in host computer, the voltage signal of described data acquisition system row probe scanning system detection, and transfer to host computer, it is characterized in that: described data acquisition system (DAS) by arranging probe, a RS485 capture card, the 2nd RS485 capture card, RS485 turn 232 bidirectional transducers, simulation yard to be measured, 12V constant voltage dc source and simulation yard constant voltage dc source form; Row's probe has 40 probes, and numbering is followed successively by 1,2,3 ... 40, wherein, 1-20 probe is connected with the analog input end AIN1-20 of a RS485 capture card respectively; 21-40 probe is connected with the analog input end AIN1-20 of the 2nd RS485 capture card respectively; 12V constant voltage dc source is that a RS485 capture card and the 2nd RS485 capture card are powered, the GND that RS485 turns 232 bidirectional transducers is received after the 485G of the one RS485 capture card is in parallel with the 485G of the 2nd RS485 capture card 2, receive the T/R+ that RS485 turns 232 bidirectional transducers after the 485A+ of the one RS485 capture card is in parallel with the 485A+ of the 2nd RS485 capture card, after the 485B-of a RS485 capture card is in parallel with the 485B-of the 2nd RS485 capture card, receive the T/R-that RS485 turns 232 bidirectional transducers; The serial ports end that RS485 turns 232 bidirectional transducers is connected with the serial ports of host computer; Simulation yard to be measured is placed in be described on platform, and two binding posts of simulation yard to be measured are connected with the both positive and negative polarity of simulation yard with constant voltage dc source respectively, and simulation yard to be measured is electrolytic solution analog electrostatic field; Receive on the negative pole of simulation yard constant voltage dc source after the COM of the one RS485 capture card is in parallel with the COM of the 2nd RS485 capture card;
Described row's probe scanning system is by single-chip microcomputer, stepper motor driver, stepper motor, lead screw guide rails and stepper drive electric power generating composition, stepper motor is connected with stepper motor driver, stepper motor driver is connected with stepper drive power supply, the P40 mouth of single-chip microcomputer is connect after PUL+ and the DIR+ parallel connection of stepper motor driver, the PUL-(PUL of stepper motor driver) connect the P8 mouth of single-chip microcomputer, the DIR-(DIR of stepper motor driver) connect the P7 mouth of single-chip microcomputer, the P20 mouth ground connection of single-chip microcomputer, the crystal oscillator of the P18 mouth of single-chip microcomputer and an indirect 11.0592MHz of P19 mouth, the P10 mouth of single-chip microcomputer is connected with the USB interface of host computer by USB line with P11 mouth, the orientation of described row's probe and the axial vertical of leading screw, row's probe links together through crossbeam and Metallic rod, and Metallic rod is inserted in sleeve, and sleeve is fixed on magnet base, and magnet base utilizes magnetic key operated lock to fix in lead screw guide rails, described electric field Survey and map software is by following process flow operation:
(1) start;
(2) communication 1 parameter and 2 parameters that communicate are set; Communication 1 parameter is set, after click, selects COM1 at serial port setting interface; Arrange after communication 2 parameter is clicked and select COM3 at serial port setting interface;
(3) scan mode is selected;
(4) sampling period is set;
(5) draw;
(6) preserve;
(7) terminate.
2. Novel static electric field drawing apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described row's probe arranges pin by 40P and Du Pont's dress rehearsal wire is formed, and row's pin is single minute hand, and the spacing of pin is 2.54mm, the long 30mm of pin, and Du Pont's dress rehearsal wire is 40P dress rehearsal wire.
3. Novel static electric field drawing apparatus according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the step angle of described stepper motor is 1.8 °, and the screw lead of lead screw guide rails is 4mm, and the recurrence interval is 2mS, and row's probe moves 0.02mm at vertical direction.
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| CN201410618970.8A CN104408997B (en) | 2014-11-06 | 2014-11-06 | Novel static electric field drawing apparatus |
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| CN108564862B (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-12-27 | 南阳理工学院 | Novel magnetic field plotter |
| CN109147509A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2019-01-04 | 南阳理工学院 | Full-automatic conductive micro-crystal electrostatic field plotter and its application method |
| CN109087567A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2018-12-25 | 南阳理工学院 | A kind of electrostatic field equipotential lines plotter based on two-dimensional coordinate orifice plate |
| CN109087567B (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2023-09-29 | 南阳理工学院 | Electrostatic field equipotential line plotter based on two-dimensional coordinate pore plate |
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| CN104408997B (en) | 2017-12-22 |
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