CN104406160B - A kind of coupling air classification and fuel staging low NOx tetra-arch form W flame boiler - Google Patents

A kind of coupling air classification and fuel staging low NOx tetra-arch form W flame boiler Download PDF

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CN104406160B
CN104406160B CN201410661599.3A CN201410661599A CN104406160B CN 104406160 B CN104406160 B CN 104406160B CN 201410661599 A CN201410661599 A CN 201410661599A CN 104406160 B CN104406160 B CN 104406160B
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burner
furnace
flame
classification
arch
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CN104406160A (en
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凌忠钱
况敏
曾宪阳
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China Jiliang University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of four low NO of arch form coupling air classification and fuel stagingxW flame boiler, its burner hearth is divided into lower hearth and upper furnace two parts, and lower hearth is made up of four chimney arch, two-part front-back wall and furnace hopper;Upper chimney arch is arranged the coal burner of flare; the classification wind snout having a down dip is arranged at top front-back wall; lower chimney arch is arranged the micropowder burner of introversion, is bordering on horizontally disposed protection wind snout on furnace hopper top, in the fire air nozzle that upper furnace lower disposed has a down dip.Thus in stove, build coupling depth Researched of Air Staging Combustion Burning Pulverized Coal and the condition of fuel-staged combustion, it is aided with the flame travel and the flame degree of filling of increase extended because of unique fuel design, it is achieved W flame boiler low NOx combustion and efficient after-flame.

Description

A kind of coupling air classification and fuel staging low NOx tetra-arch form W flame boiler
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of W flame boiler, be specifically related to a kind of four arch form W fire coupling air classification and fuel staging Flame boiler, belongs to W flame technical field of boiler combustion.
Background technology
W flame boiler have employed the measure of multiple strengthening Low Volatilization Coals and extends pulverized coal particle when stopping in stove Between combustion system, thus be considered as a kind of stove being relatively specific for low volatile coal (mainly anthracite and meager coal) Type.For maintaining the steady combustion of low-volatite coal, catching fire and preferable after-flame in time, its stove domestic demand keeps higher cigarette warm water to put down, in addition Most Boiler Furnace internal classification burning degrees are limited, ultimately result in its NOxEmission level majority is up to 1200 ~ 1800 mg/m3.In Start on July 1st, 2014 " fossil-fuel power plant atmospheric pollutant emission standard " (GB13223 2011) performed specifies: W flame pot Stove NOxThe highest permission concentration of emission is 200mg/m3.NO for W flame boiler superelevationxDischarge, low nitrogen burning combines afterbody SCR Denitration is considered as economic and effective NOxEmission control scheme.Active service W flame boiler is for realizing low nitrogen burning, often It is to set up burnout degree in upper furnace or close upper furnace zone while classification wind under retaining existing arch, or is aided with certain again Burner reconstruction (in order to postpone the mixing of breeze airflow and secondary wind in burner region), thus deep-graded in building stove Burning condition;Comparatively speaking, fuel-staged combustion application on W flame boiler then rarely has report.Utility model patent is " a kind of Low NOxThe W type flame furnace of coal dust firing " (China Patent No. is ZL 200620020919.8, authorized announcement date is in May, 2007 30 days, Authorization Notice No. be CN2906360Y), patent of invention " overfire air device of W typed flame boiler and method " (China Patent No. For ZL 200410060622.X, authorized announcement date be on January 17th, 2007, Authorization Notice No. be CN1295460C), invention specially (China Patent No. is ZL to profit " having the boiler of the W type flame boiler combustion exhausted wind apparatus being arranged in lower hearth intersection " 200810137177.0, authorized announcement date be on February 2nd, 2010, Authorization Notice No. be CN101358730B) and patent of invention " on chimney arch, being disposed with the W type flame boiler of clearance type fire air nozzle " (China Patent No. be ZL 200910309113.9, Authorized announcement date be on February 16th, 2011, Authorization Notice No. be CN101694295B) all propose, at the upper furnace of W flame boiler Bottom or close upper furnace zone increase combustion exhausted wind apparatus, can reduce the oxygen amount of lower hearth, be allowed to be in reducing atmosphere, thus Reduce NO x Growing amount;And patent of invention " method of multi-ejection grading combustion " (China Patent No. is ZL 201010149634.5, authorized announcement date be on March 27th, 2013, Authorization Notice No. be CN101832549B) and patent of invention " dense, the multi-ejection grading combustion W flame boiler of thin powdered coal spout interlaced arrangement " (China Patent No. is ZL 201110231069.1, authorized announcement date be on March 13rd, 2013, Authorization Notice No. be CN102297418B) be then by changing Become burner nozzle and arrange the wind powder mixed process postponing the lower burner region of arch, thus suppress fuel type NOxGeneration.From Apparently, the burnout degree and the burner nozzle arrangement that propose in above-mentioned file are reducing NO to existing achievement in researchxDischarge and guarantor Certain progress is achieved on card after-flame, i.e. can be by NO under optimal conditionsxAbout 800mg/m is down in discharge3While maintain flying dust flammable Thing content 7 ~ 10%, adjusting boiler wind speed adjustment can be further by NO with continuation strengthening stove internal classification conditionxReduce discharging to about 500mg/m3, but But cause unburned combustible in fly ash and drastically raise the problem low with boiler efficiency;Meanwhile, by the NO under optimal conditionsx Discharge 800mg/m3It is down to above-mentioned 200mg/m by afterbody SCR denitration3Emission limit, the investment of huge SCR denitration need to be expended And operating cost.Visible, existing W flame combustion technology still difficulty realizes preferable low NOxDischarge and efficient after-flame (i.e. NO in stovexRow Put not higher than 500mg/m3While unburned combustible in fly ash be not higher than 5%).
Summary of the invention
The invention aims to solve the W flame boiler mentioned of background technology and cannot take into account low NO simultaneouslyxDischarge and The efficiently problem of after-flame, and then provide a kind of four low NO of arch form coupling air classification and fuel stagingxW flame boiler.Have (air classification degree is relatively low, is normally only equipped with arch on air classification for not conventional in prior art double-arch type W flame boiler Lower classification wind), the W flame boiler in the present invention is provided with four chimney arch altogether at lower hearth, and i.e. two to being much of outside chimney arch is provided with The coal burner (being used for feeding coal dust and secondary wind) of layout of inclining and two symmetrical lower chimney arch are for arranging the ultra-fine of introversion Powder burner (for feeding the microfine coal fired again), the top front-back wall between upper and lower chimney arch is provided with the classification wind having a down dip and (uses Burn in primary zone organizational hierarchy), furnace hopper top be provided with furnace hopper protection wind (be used for avoiding in reburning zone micropowder jet and Descending flame impingement furnace hopper wall), before and after upper furnace, wall bottom is provided with the burnout degree fed that has a down dip, thus builds in stove Coupling depth air classification and the condition of fuel-staged combustion;Four arch forms are designed with and help extend pulverized coal particle at lower hearth Stroke and raising furnace flame degree of filling, it is ensured that maintain preferable after-flame to imitate when tissue depth air classification and fuel-staged combustion Really.
The present invention solves the technical scheme of above-mentioned technical problem: a kind of four arch forms coupling air classification and fuel staging Low NOxW flame boiler, described W flame boiler comprises lower hearth and upper furnace two parts, and described lower hearth is by upper chimney arch, top Front-back wall, lower chimney arch, bottom front-back wall and furnace hopper composition;Before multiple coal burners are symmetrically arranged in along burner hearth centrage, Connect on chimney arch and with lower hearth on latter two;Multiple micropowder burners are symmetrically arranged in former and later two along burner hearth centrage Connect on lower chimney arch and with lower hearth;Described W flame boiler is also disposed with multiple classification having a down dip at the middle part of top front-back wall Wind snout, is disposed with multiple furnace hopper protection wind snout, wall bottom before and after upper furnace on water-cooling wall top, furnace hopper slope It is disposed with multiple fire air nozzle having a down dip.
Further, the plurality of coal burner is evenly arranged along furnace chamber width;Described micropowder burner, point Level wind snout, furnace hopper protection wind snout and fire air nozzle along stove cross direction all with multiple coal burner one_to_one corresponding, and Both sides before and after being all symmetrically arranged in burner hearth along burner hearth centrage.
Further, described coal burner is relative to 5 ~ 15 ° of angles of vertical direction flare, and described micropowder burner is relative In 10 ~ 25 ° of angles of vertical direction introversion, described classification wind snout has a down dip 45 ~ 60 ° of angles relative to horizontal direction, and described furnace hopper is protected Protecting wind snout relative to 0 ~ 10 ° of angle of horizontal direction updip, described fire air nozzle has a down dip 30 ~ 45° angle relative to horizontal direction.
Further, classification wind that the secondary wind that described coal burner feeds, described classification wind snout feed, described super The furnace hopper that the micropowder jet that fine powder burner feeds, described furnace hopper protection wind snout feeds protects wind and described burnout degree The burnout degree that spout feeds, its wind speed is all in the range of 40 ~ 60m/s.
Defect and the characteristic that had compared with prior art of the present invention that prior art exists and have the beneficial effect that:
The most as described in the background art, prior art increases in the upper furnace bottom of conventional double-arch type W flame boiler often If burnout degree, or it is aided with the improvement that burner nozzle is arranged again, realize NO to strengthen classifired combustion degreexSubtract Row.Conventional double-arch type W flame boiler (Fig. 2) comprises lower hearth 4 and upper furnace 5, and lower hearth 4 is by front and back's chimney arch 1, front-back wall 2 Form with furnace hopper 3;Multiple coal burners 6 be symmetrically arranged on before and after's chimney arch 1 along burner hearth centrage 1-1 and with lower hearth 4 Connection;Lower disposed at front-back wall 2 has classification wind snout 7.Although prior art makes shape in lower hearth 4 by setting up burnout degree Combustion with meagre oxygen is become to inhibit NOxGenerate, but because its air quantity of descending breeze airflow 8 from burner 6 inevitably reduces, In addition classification wind 9 is stronger to the interception function of descending breeze airflow 8 so that penetrate the degree of depth under flamel 0Before relatively setting up burnout degree Having shortened, flame (penetrates the degree of depth under with flame at the degree of filling of lower hearthl 0And widthw 0Productl 0×w 0With lower hearth 4 The ratio of longitudinal section area is measured) reduce, the pulverized coal particle time of staying in the lower hearth 4 of oxygen deprivation shortens therewith, lower stove (part in up flue gas 11 is as arch next time with up flue gas 11 to form a large amount of uncombusted granules and these granules in thorax 4 Stream flue gas 10 is with the coal powder ignition under strengthening arch) enter upper furnace 5, although in upper furnace 5, there is the combustion-supporting of burnout degree and make this A little granules burn away, but final after-flame effect is inevitably affected.As described in the background art, its optimal conditions Under can be by NOxReduce discharging to about 800mg/m3While maintain unburned combustible in fly ash 7 ~ 10%, although NOxDischarge minimum being down to about 500mg/m3, but now unburned combustible in fly ash is drastically increased to 15 ~ 20%;And utilize SCR denitration by under optimal conditions in stove NOxDischarge 800mg/m3It is down to aforementioned 200mg/m3Emission limit needs costly.Visible, existing W flame low-NO_x combustion technology is still Difficulty realizes preferable low NOxDischarge and efficient after-flame.
Coupling air classification in using the present invention and the four low NO of arch form of fuel stagingxAfter W flame boiler, lower stove Thorax 4 includes four chimney arch (i.e. chimney arch 1a and former and later two lower chimney arch 1b on former and later two), two-part front-back wall (i.e. before top Rear wall 2a and bottom front-back wall 2b) and furnace hopper 3;Multiple coal burners 6 and multiple classification wind snout 7 are respectively arranged in upper stove Arch 1a and top front-back wall 2a, multiple micropowder burner 6a and multiple furnace hopper protection wind snout 7a is respectively arranged in lower chimney arch 1b and the upper area of furnace hopper 3;The bottom of upper furnace 5 is provided with multiple fire air nozzle 7b.Under this burning layout, in stove Being divided into of combustion zone: upper chimney arch 1a and top front-back wall 2a institute enclosing region are primary zone, descending breeze airflow 8 (i.e. coal Powder burner 6 feeds the mixture of coal dust and the secondary wind accounting for total fuel quantity 85%) backflow flue gas 10 under classification wind 9 and arch Preferably burn in the primary zone of 1 in excess air coefficient under assistance, formed and carry a large amount of NOxThermal-flame;This flame Continuing traveling downwardly and enter the reburning zone being made up of lower chimney arch 1b, bottom front-back wall 2b and furnace hopper 3, reburning zone is because of micropowder burner 6a feed more microfine coal granule (account for the 15% of total fuel quantity, mean diameter 10 ~ 15 μm, granule surface activity is stronger) and A small amount of wind and form stronger reducing atmosphere, micropowder jet 8a is mixed under this strong reducing property atmosphere and carries a large amount of NOx's In thermal-flame, by NO thereinxIt is reduced into N2And suppress new NO simultaneouslyxGeneration, the protection of furnace hopper that almost horizontal feeds Wind 9a is arranged in reburning zone foot, play lift micropowder jet 8a and under penetrate the effect of flame;In reburning zone because of reproducibility Atmosphere and unburnt granule enter the burning-out zone being positioned at upper furnace 5 bottom with up flue gas 11, burnout degree 9b combustion-supporting under Completing after-flame, in view of its combustion share of oxygen-enriched burning-out zone is less, cigarette temperature is relatively low, does not have a large amount of while completing after-flame NOxGenerate.Unique coal burner 6 flare is arranged, classification wind snout wide-angle has a down dip layout, micropowder burner 6a introversion Arrange and furnace hopper protection wind snout 7a that almost horizontal is arranged, be aided with four strands of jets of its correspondence have higher wind (40 ~ 60m/s) so that flame divides into the degree of depth in lower hearth 4l 1Substantially in relatively prior artl 0Greatly, lower hearth flame degree of filling is relatively Prior art significantly improved (w 1Withw 0In the case of Jie Jin,l 1×w 1It is significantly greater thanl 0×w 0), pulverized coal particle is at high temperature Lower hearth space in the time of staying significantly extended, account for the coal dust of total fuel quantity 85% in primary zone close to reason in addition Preferably burn under conditions of opinion air capacity, and the microfine coal amount that in reburning zone, participation is fired again only account for about the 15% of total fuel quantity, Make the uncombusted granule proportion in total fly ash granule entering burning-out zone much smaller compared with prior art;These conditions all have Help the present invention in W flame stove, build degree of depth air classification and fuel staging and NO is greatly loweredxGuarantee while discharge Preferably after-flame.In view of degree of depth air classification and fuel staging Appropriate application all can realize NOxReduce discharging 50%, provide in this invention The four low NO of arch formx W flame stove will be combined both exquisite cooperations, it is contemplated that NOxInitial concentration 1800mg/m3Be expected to reduce discharging to 450mg/m3, it being equipped with the various fuel designs of above-mentioned solution after-flame problem, the present invention is expected to solve present in prior art " low NOxThe corresponding after-flame of burning is poor " problem.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 be flow field schematic diagram on the chamber structure of the present invention, burning tissues and burner hearth longitudinal section (in figure Flow Field Distribution with Burner hearth center 1-1 is the plane of symmetry, and in figure, each stock sprays into the velocity attitude of gas stream in the stove and all uses arrow to mark);
Fig. 2 is that on double-arch type W flame boiler furnace structure of the prior art, burning tissues and burner hearth longitudinal section, flow field shows Being intended to, existing low-NO_x combustion technology is typically to set up after-flame as shown in fig. 1 in the upper furnace bottom of this double-arch type W flame boiler Wind snout 7b.
Detailed description of the invention
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment one
In conjunction with Fig. 1, present embodiment is described, the coupling air classification of the present invention and the four low NO of arch form of fuel stagingxW fire Its burner hearth of flame boiler is divided into lower hearth 4 and upper furnace 5 two parts, and lower hearth 4 is by upper chimney arch 1a, top front-back wall 2a, lower chimney arch 1b, bottom front-back wall 2b and furnace hopper 3 form;Multiple coal burners 6 be arranged on former and later two on chimney arch 1a and with lower stove Thorax 4 connects, in order to feed down the breeze airflow 8 penetrated;Multiple classification wind snouts 7 be arranged in top front-back wall 2a middle part and with under Burner hearth 4 connects, in order to be passed through classification wind 9 and organizational hierarchy burns and carries the breeze airflow caught fire continues traveling downwardly;Multiple ultra-fine Powder burner 6a is arranged on former and later two lower chimney arch 1b and connects with lower hearth 4, fires the ultra-fine of reaction again for feeding participation Powder jet 8a;Multiple furnace hoppers protection wind snout 7a close to be arranged horizontally in furnace hopper 3 water-cooling wall top, slope and with lower stove Thorax 4 connects, in order to feed furnace hopper protection wind 9a;Multiple fire air nozzle 7b be arranged in before and after upper furnace 5 wall bottom and with Upper furnace 5 connects, in order to feed burnout degree 9b.
Described upper chimney arch 1a, multiple coal burner 6, top front-back wall 2a, multiple classification wind snout 7, lower chimney arch 1b, many Individual micropowder burner 6a, bottom front-back wall 2b, multiple furnace hopper protection wind snout 7a and multiple fire air nozzle 7b are along burner hearth Centrage 1-1 is symmetricly set in side before and after whole burner hearth;The plurality of coal burner 6, multiple classification wind snout 7, multiple Micropowder burner 6a, multiple furnace hopper protection wind snout 7a and multiple fire air nozzle 7b are all along the uniform cloth of furnace chamber width Put, and the plurality of classification wind snout 7, multiple micropowder burner 6a, multiple furnace hopper protect wind snout 7a and multiple after-flame Wind snout 7b stove cross direction all with the plurality of coal burner 6 one_to_one corresponding.
Combustion zone is divided into: upper chimney arch 1a and top front-back wall 2a institute enclosing region are primary zone, its excess air system Number is close to 1, and descending breeze airflow 8 preferably burns in primary zone under the assistance of backflow flue gas 10 under classification wind 9 and arch;Lower chimney arch The region that 1b, bottom front-back wall 2b and furnace hopper 3 surround is the reburning zone containing relatively strong reducing property atmosphere, in this reducing atmosphere Be aided with furnace hopper protection wind 9a effect of lifting, micropowder jet 8a descending breeze airflow 8 is burnt generate a large amount of NOxReduction Become N2And suppress new NO simultaneouslyxGeneration;Under the reducing atmosphere of reburning zone, unburnt micropowder granule enters with up flue gas 11 Enter to be positioned at the burning-out zone of upper furnace bottom, burnout degree 9b combustion-supporting under complete after-flame.
Embodiment two
In conjunction with Fig. 1, present embodiment is described, the coupling air classification of the present invention and the four low NO of arch form of fuel stagingxW fire Its coal burner 6 of flame boiler relative to 5 ~ 15 ° of angles of vertical direction flare, classification wind snout 7 relative to horizontal direction have a down dip 45 ~ 60 ° of angles, micropowder burner 6a is relative to 10 ~ 25 ° of angles of vertical direction introversion, and furnace hopper protection wind snout 7a is relative to level side To 0 ~ 10 ° of angle of updip, fire air nozzle 7b has a down dip 30 ~ 45° angle relative to horizontal direction;Under penetrate breeze airflow 8, classification wind 9, super Fine powder jet 8a, furnace hopper protection wind 9a and its wind speed of burnout degree 9b are all in the range of 40 ~ 60m/s.Other composition and connection are closed It is identical with embodiment one.

Claims (5)

1. the four low NO of arch form coupling air classification and fuel stagingxW flame boiler, described W flame boiler comprises lower stove Thorax (4) and upper furnace (5) two parts, it is characterised in that: described lower hearth (4) by upper chimney arch (1a), top front-back wall (2a), under Chimney arch (1b), bottom front-back wall (2b) and furnace hopper (3) composition, the coal burner (6) of multiple flares is along burner hearth centrage (1- 1) it is arranged symmetrically in chimney arch on former and later two (1a) above and to connect with lower hearth (4), the micropowder burner (6a) of multiple introversions It is arranged symmetrically in former and later two lower chimney arch (1b) along burner hearth centrage (1-1) above and to connect with lower hearth (4), multiple coal dust firings Device (6) and multiple micropowder burner (6a) are all evenly arranged along furnace chamber width and multiple micropowder burner (6a) is with many Individual coal burner (6) one_to_one corresponding.
2. coupling air classification as claimed in claim 1 and the four arch forms low NOx W flame boiler of fuel staging, its feature exists In: the middle part on described top front-back wall (2a) has a down dip and is provided with multiple classification wind snout (7) connected with lower hearth (4), described The water-cooling wall top, slope of furnace hopper (3) is bordering on and is horizontally disposed with multiple furnace hopper connected with lower hearth (4) protection wind snout (7a), before and after described upper furnace (5), wall bottom has a down dip and is provided with multiple fire air nozzle (7b) connected with upper furnace (5), Multiple classification wind snouts (7), multiple furnace hopper protection wind snout (7a) and multiple fire air nozzle (7b) are all equal at stove cross direction Even distribution and all with multiple coal burners (6) one_to_one corresponding.
3. coupling air classification as claimed in claim 2 and the four low NO of arch form of fuel stagingxW flame boiler, its feature exists In: described coal burner (6) is relative to 5 ~ 15 ° of angles of vertical direction flare, and described micropowder burner (6a) is relative to vertically 10 ~ 25 ° of angles of direction introversion, described classification wind snout (7) has a down dip 45 ~ 60 ° of angles relative to horizontal direction, described furnace hopper protection wind Spout (7a) has a down dip 30 ~ 45 ° relative to 0 ~ 10 ° of angle of horizontal direction updip, described fire air nozzle (7b) relative to horizontal direction Angle, feed down in stove respectively penetrate breeze airflow (8), micropowder jet (8a), classification wind (9), furnace hopper protection wind (9a) and Burnout degree (9b).
4. coupling air classification as claimed in claim 3 and the four low NO of arch form of fuel stagingxW flame boiler, its feature exists In: penetrate breeze airflow (8), classification wind (9), micropowder jet (8a), furnace hopper protection wind (9a) and burnout degree (9b) under described Its wind speed is all in the range of 40 ~ 60m/s.
5. coupling air classification as claimed in claim 2 and the four low NO of arch form of fuel stagingxW flame boiler, its feature exists In: in the division of combustion zone, upper chimney arch (1a) and top front-back wall (2a) institute enclosing region are primary zone, lower chimney arch (1b), the region that surrounds of bottom front-back wall (2b) and furnace hopper (3) be the reburning zone containing relatively strong reducing property atmosphere, be positioned at upper furnace The region of bottom is burning-out zone.
CN201410661599.3A 2014-11-19 2014-11-19 A kind of coupling air classification and fuel staging low NOx tetra-arch form W flame boiler Active CN104406160B (en)

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CN107228358B (en) * 2017-07-04 2024-01-30 北京巴布科克·威尔科克斯有限公司 Double-step arched W-flame boiler hearth structure
CN107543148B (en) * 2017-09-12 2019-01-22 哈尔滨工业大学 Porous ammonia-gas spraying device for W flame boiler high temperature reducing zone
CN107606604A (en) * 2017-10-26 2018-01-19 贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 A kind of new change arch angle W type flame boilers
CN108758613B (en) * 2018-05-23 2024-04-09 中机国能电力工程有限公司 Four-arch W-flame double-stage thick-thin combustion device
CN110542078A (en) * 2019-10-16 2019-12-06 贵州电网有限责任公司 W-shaped flame boiler device with stepped two-stage arch

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US7175423B1 (en) * 2000-10-26 2007-02-13 Bloom Engineering Company, Inc. Air staged low-NOx burner
CN101818893B (en) * 2010-04-27 2013-05-22 哈尔滨工业大学 W-flame boiler with boundary-secondary wind jet
CN101986028B (en) * 2010-11-18 2012-04-04 浙江大学 Low-NOx W-type flame boiler with dry bottom hopper and furnace bottom air supplies distributed in bielliptical shape
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CN102297418B (en) * 2011-08-12 2013-03-13 哈尔滨工业大学 Thick and thin pulverized coal nozzle interlacedly arranged W-flame boiler with multiple ejections and staged combustion

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