CN104400660A - Application of titanium alloy as dental implant sandblasting medium - Google Patents
Application of titanium alloy as dental implant sandblasting medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN104400660A CN104400660A CN201410579143.2A CN201410579143A CN104400660A CN 104400660 A CN104400660 A CN 104400660A CN 201410579143 A CN201410579143 A CN 201410579143A CN 104400660 A CN104400660 A CN 104400660A
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- sand
- sandblasting
- operating room
- titanium alloy
- implant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
- B24C3/02—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants characterised by the arrangement of the component assemblies with respect to each other
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
- B24C9/00—Appurtenances of abrasive blasting machines or devices, e.g. working chambers, arrangements for handling used abrasive material
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Dental Prosthetics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a new use of titanium alloy, i.e. application as a dental implant sandblasting medium. The invention also discloses a dental implant sandblasting roughening method. The method comprises the steps of: a. selecting titanium alloy as the blasting medium; b. cleaning an implant; and c. blasting sand by a sandblasting machine. According to the invention, the titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V is adopted as the sandblasting medium, and at the same time the specific sandblasting machine, sandblasting head and clamp are employed to reach the purposes of roughening the implant surface, enhancing the bonding strength between the implant and bone tissue, and accelerating osseointegration. Also, the risk of pollution by undesirable chemical components can be avoided, and elements incompatible with implant chemical components cannot be left on the implant surface subjected to sandblasting treatment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the application of a kind of titanium alloy as tooth implant blast media.
Background technology
Planting body is implanted in jawbone, and forming synosteosis with surrounding tissue is plant successful standard, but its main component is eventually completely different with bone tissue, as bio-inert material, can not induce new bone growth after implanting, be combined more weak with bone tissue, healing time is long.
Along with the further investigation to planting material, scholars find, rough surface has better osteoinductive, and planting body and surrounding bone tissue bond are more firm, and plantation long-term effect is better than smooth surface planting body.At present, surface modification is mainly in order to improve the wearability of implant, corrosion resistance and biology performance (comprising biocompatibility and biologically active), by surface modifying method to obtain the rough surface of certain physical aspect, increase planting body implantable bone tissue part surface area, namely the area that planting body is combined with bone tissue is increased, increase the bond strength between planting body and bone tissue, reach and accelerate synestotic object.
Implant surface alligatoring method of modifying is divided into two classes, and one is implant surface coating, as ceramic coating and titanium slurry coating, is referred to as " addition ".Its major defect is that coating is combined instability with entity, easily strips off, abandons gradually at present.Equations of The Second Kind is referred to as " addition ", is on entity, to deduct portion of material form coarse surface.As blasting treatment, acid corrosion, laser treatment and electrolytic etching etc.Wherein the method for blasting treatment is simple to operate, and cost is low.Blasting treatment uses the blast medias such as the alundum (Al2O3) particle of different-diameter to spray implant surface, prepares the planting body of different surface roughness.Implant surface after process is residual alundum (Al2O3) particle often, and still have after Ultrasonic Cleaning, sour passivation and sterilizing residual.Planting body implant after, these particulates can be discharged in surrounding tissue the whole combination of the bone affecting planting body (Liu Yang, Zhao Baohong. implant surface method of modifying progress. Chinese Practical oral section magazine, volume the 6th phase June the 3rd in 2010).Chinese patent CN 103668390 A reports and adopts diamond dust or TiO at normal temperatures
2particle high velocity jet is at the sand-blast of titanium implant surface, and it exists the problems such as impurity element pollutes and microstructure is uneven.
At present, alligatoring implant surface generally adopts quartz sand, aluminium oxide etc. as blast media, and these media, all containing the element do not conformed to planting body chemical composition, though there is postorder process, after sandblasting, easily occur residual in implant surface.
Pure titanium and its alloys, because its bio-toxicity is low, compatibility is good, physicochemical property is suitable for the advantages such as human body, is widely used in medical domain, and titanium metal implants also becomes the essentialspecies implant of clinical oral application gradually.Titanium has two kinds of allotrope states: low temperature (< 882.5 DEG C) stable state is α type, close-packed hexagonal crystallographic system; High-temperature stable state is β type, body-centered cubic crystallographic system.Two kinds of allotrope state conversion temperatures are 882.5 DEG C.Titanium alloy can be divided into α, nearly α, (alpha+beta), nearly β, metastable state β and beta titanium alloy by metastable state phase composition.There is nonhomogeneous hardness in the pure titanium material of titanium alloy and planting body, can form good surface coarsening effect as blast media to pure titanium implant.
At present, the titanium alloy being applied to planting body mainly contains Ti-13Zr-13Nb, Ti-6Al-7Nb, Ti-15Mo, Ti-6Al-4V, Ti-12Mo-6Zr-2Fe, Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta, Ti-16Nb-10Hf etc. (Chinese patent CN 103668390 A), there are no the report applied as tooth implant blast media by titanium alloy.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of new purposes of titanium alloy.
Titanium alloy is as the application of tooth implant blast media.
Described titanium alloy is Ti-6Al-4V.
Another object of the present invention is also to provide a kind of tooth implant sandblasting method of roughening, and its technological process as shown in Figure 1.
A kind of tooth implant sandblasting method of roughening, it comprises the steps:
A, selection titanium alloy are as blast media;
B, planting body clean;
C, employing sand spray machine sand spray.
In a step, described titanium alloy is Ti-6Al-4V; Titanium alloy granularity is 60 orders.
In b step, described plantation object cleaning method is: submerged by planting body in the aqueous solution of washing agent, vibration, flushing, oven dry;
Described washing agent is normal domestic use liquid detergent, also can be other commercial detergent;
In the aqueous solution of described washing agent, the volume ratio of washing agent and water is 1:30.
In step c, described sand-blasting machine adopts the sand-blasting machine being used for abrasive blasting.
Described sand-blasting machine, comprises the operating room that internal placement has abrator head, enters sand flexible pipe and tracheae;
Be provided with sand storage bin below described operating room, operating room, sand storage bin are all positioned at housing;
Described lower housing portion is the supporting leg being positioned at corner, and the bottom of adjacent support legs is connected with reinforcement;
The end face of described sand storage bin flushes with supporting leg top, the bottom surface of sand storage bin is higher than bottom supporting leg, one of them supporting leg is fixed with and connects compressed-air actuated inlet suction port, operating room top connects deduster, and operating room antetheca is provided with observation window and 2 and stretches out one's hand cloth cover;
Described cloth cover of stretching out one's hand is provided with sideboard, and described sideboard is positioned at operating room inwall, and operating room sidewall offers operating room door, and what operating room sidewall is also provided with control operation room is communicated with between deduster/blocks goes out dirt pull bar;
Described enter sand flexible pipe be communicated with sand storage bin, described tracheae connects inlet suction port.
Described sand-blasting machine also comprises the floor push for controlling sand-blasting machine start/stop;
Described observation window is windowpane;
Described sand storage bin is frustroconical, its small end under, be provided with bottom sand storage bin sand material change clean-up port;
A side of described operating room door is connected with sand-blasting machine shell hinge;
Be provided with withhold switch at observation window and a supporting leg of stretching out one's hand immediately below cloth cover, described in withhold switch and stretch out one's hand the sideboard that cloth overlaps and be connected.
The present invention selects above-mentioned sand-blasting machine, can avoid, because metallic grit electrical system breaks down, going back convenient operation simultaneously, reduces the pollution to environment.
The abrator head of described sand-blasting machine, comprises shell and parcel sand grains import in the enclosure, compressed air inlet, sand grains ejiction opening, cavity, sleeve pipe;
Described sand grains import, compressed air inlet, sand grains ejiction opening are all communicated with cavity;
The described axis of sand grains ejiction opening and the dead in line of compressed air inlet, sand grains ejiction opening and compressed air inlet lay respectively at cavity two ends;
Described sleeve pipe is arranged on sand grains ejiction opening inwall, the whole inwall of described sleeve covers sand grains ejiction opening.
The internal diameter of described sleeve pipe is 3mm; The material of described sleeve pipe is high-speed steel;
Described sleeve pipe rear end diameter is greater than sleeve pipe point diameter, and sleeve pipe rear end is positioned at cavity, and sleeve pipe back end outer surface and cavity inner surface are fitted, sleeve pipe rear end and cavity inner surface arc-shaped transition.
The present invention selects above-mentioned abrator head, and when can extend sandblasting, air pressure is held time, and obtains the blasting pressure continued, and concentrate ejection sand grains in dental implant surface, Expected Results once reaches, and increases work efficiency.
In step c, described blasting craft comprises the following steps:
(1) select suitable fixture clamping planting body, put into operation storehouse;
(2), during sandblasting, maintenance air pressure is 0.5 ~ 0.65MPa;
(3) planting body is taken off from fixture.
In step (1), described fixture comprises sandblasting panel overlapping from top to bottom, rubber mat plate and bottom backing plate;
Described sandblasting panel, rubber mat plate and bottom backing plate are rectangle, and three is removably connected by the bolt through corner;
Described sandblasting panel offers through hole A, and described rubber mat plate offers through hole B, the location overlap of through hole A and through hole B;
The height of the thickness of described sandblasting panel and the root of the tooth part of tooth implant is suitable, and the aperture of described through hole A is greater than the lateral dimension of the root of the tooth part of tooth implant;
The height of the thickness of described rubber mat plate and the neck part of tooth implant is suitable, and the inwall of described through hole B coordinates with the neck moieties into close of tooth implant.
The material of described sandblasting panel is titanium, and the material of described bottom backing plate is titanium or stainless steel;
Described through hole A and through hole B all has multiple, and the arrangement in matrix;
The aperture of described through hole A is 3.8mm, 4.4mm, 4.8mm or 5.6mm.
The present invention selects above-mentioned fixture; rational in infrastructure; use, easy accessibility; effectively can protect the fineness of neck part when dental implant surface blasting treatment, clamping action be played to tooth implant simultaneously, and protection height can be adjusted; surface sand-blasting process can be carried out to the tooth implant of multiple, many specifications simultaneously; production efficiency is high, economize energy, can also effectively avoid polluting.
In step (3), also comprise the steps:
I () carries out polishing to the neck of planting body;
(ii) residue embedding planting body is rejected.
The present invention is using Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V as blast media, adopt specific sand-blasting machine, abrator head and fixture simultaneously, both reach the object of alligatoring implant surface, and be conducive to strengthening the bond strength between planting body and bone tissue, accelerate synestotic object to reach; Turn avoid the risk polluted by adverse chemical composition, after blasting treatment, implant surface can not remain the element do not conformed to planting body chemical composition.
Obviously, according to foregoing of the present invention, according to ordinary technical knowledge and the customary means of this area, not departing under the present invention's above-mentioned basic fundamental thought prerequisite, the amendment of other various ways, replacement or change can also be made.
The detailed description of the invention of form by the following examples, is described in further detail foregoing of the present invention again.But this should be interpreted as that the scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following example.All technology realized based on foregoing of the present invention all belong to scope of the present invention.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The process chart of Fig. 1 tooth implant sandblasting of the present invention method of roughening.
The sand-blasting machine structural representation that Fig. 2 the present invention selects.
The abrator head profile that Fig. 3 the present invention selects.
Fig. 4 the present invention selects the partition schematic diagram of fixture.
The design sketch of Fig. 5 sandblasting method of roughening of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1 titanium alloy of the present invention is as the application of tooth implant blast media
1. prepare before sandblasting
(1) sand grains composition and size
Composition: 6Al4V titanium alloy--TC4 (i.e. Ti-6Al-4V)
Size: 60 orders
(2) planting body cleaning
Planting body is submerged in the aqueous solution of washing agent, it is formulated that the aqueous solution of washing agent adopts normal domestic use liquid detergent to add water according to the ratio of 1:30, then vibration 20min in ultrasonic oscillator is placed in, remove the dirts such as the implant surface greasy dirt that causes of machining in early stage, rinse with purified water, dry.
(3) sand-blasting machine that can be used for abrasive blasting is selected
The sand-blasting machine structural representation that the present invention selects as shown in Figure 2, comprise internal placement and have abrator head, enter the operating room 2 of sand flexible pipe and tracheae, sand storage bin 12 is provided with below operating room 2, operating room 2, sand storage bin 12 is all positioned at housing 1, housing 1 bottom is the supporting leg 6 being positioned at corner, the bottom of adjacent support legs 6 is connected with reinforcement, the end face of sand storage bin 12 flushes with supporting leg 6 top, the bottom surface of sand storage bin 12 is higher than bottom supporting leg 6, sand storage bin 12 is frustroconical, its small end under, be provided with sand material bottom sand storage bin 12 and change clean-up port, one of them supporting leg 6 is fixed with and connects compressed-air actuated inlet suction port 5, operating room 2 top connects deduster 7, operating room 2 antetheca is provided with observation window 11 and 2 and stretches out one's hand cloth cover 4, cloth of stretching out one's hand cover 4 is provided with sideboard, sideboard is positioned at the inwall of operating room 2, sideboard is controlled by the switch 9 of withholding on a supporting leg 6 being arranged on observation window 11 and stretch out one's hand immediately below cloth cover 4, observation window 11 is windowpane, operating room 2 sidewall offers operating room door 3, a side of operating room door 3 and housing 1 chain connection, operating room 2 sidewall is also provided be communicated with/block between control operation room 1 with deduster 7 go out dirt pull bar 8, being communicated with between operating room 1 with deduster 7/blocking-up structure can adopt the structures such as hinge, enter sand flexible pipe to be communicated with sand storage bin, tracheae connects inlet suction port, the start/stop of sand-blasting machine adopts floor push 10 to control.
This sand spray machine sand spray is indoor without circuit facility, avoids because metallic grit electrical system breaks down.
Abrator head as shown in Figure 3, comprise shell 1 and parcel sand grains import 2 in the enclosure, compressed air inlet 3, sand grains ejiction opening 4, cavity 6, sand grains import 2, compressed air inlet 3, sand grains ejiction opening 4 is all communicated with cavity 6, the axis of sand grains ejiction opening 4 and the dead in line of compressed air inlet 3, sand grains ejiction opening 4 and compressed air inlet 3 lay respectively at cavity two ends, also comprise the sleeve pipe 5 being arranged on sand grains ejiction opening 4 inwall, sleeve pipe 5 covers the whole inwall of sand grains ejiction opening 4, sleeve pipe 5 rear end diameter is greater than sleeve pipe 5 point diameter, sleeve pipe 5 rear end is positioned at cavity 6, sleeve pipe 5 back end outer surface and cavity 6 inner surface are fitted, sleeve pipe 5 rear end and cavity 6 inner surface arc-shaped transition, the internal diameter of sleeve pipe 5 is 3mm, sleeve pipe 5 adopts high-speed steel to make.
2, the enforcement of sandblasting
Adopt the sandblasting method of roughening shown in Fig. 1, implement the sandblasting alligatoring of implant surface:
(1) open air compressor machine, wait for that air pressure rises to 0.65MPa;
(2) select suitable fixture clamping planting body, put into the operating room of sand-blasting machine, open sand-blasting machine power supply;
The present invention selects the partition schematic diagram of fixture as shown in Figure 4, comprise sandblasting panel 1 overlapping from top to bottom, rubber mat plate 2 and bottom backing plate 3, sandblasting panel 1 adopts titanium plate to make, bottom backing plate 3 adopts titanium plate or corrosion resistant plate to make, sandblasting panel 1, rubber mat plate 2 and bottom backing plate 3 are rectangle, and screw rod 6 is locked with nut 7 through after the installing hole 8 being positioned at 3 four jiaos, sandblasting panel 1, rubber mat plate 2 and bottom backing plate again; Sandblasting panel offers through hole A4, and rubber mat plate offers through hole B5, the location overlap of through hole A and through hole B, and through hole A4 and through hole B5 all has multiple, and the arrangement in matrix; The height of the thickness of sandblasting panel 1 and the root of the tooth part of tooth implant is suitable, the aperture of through hole A4 is greater than the lateral dimension of the root of the tooth part of tooth implant, the height of the thickness of rubber mat plate 3 and the neck part of tooth implant is suitable, the inwall of through hole B5 coordinates with the neck moieties into close of tooth implant, for adapting to different tooth implant specifications, the aperture of through hole A can be made for 3.8mm, 4.4mm, 4.8mm or 5.6mm etc. several, adaptive adjustment is also done in the aperture of corresponding through hole B5.
(3) start sandblasting, maintaining air pressure during sandblasting is 0.5 ~ 0.65MPa, the shut-down operation when air pressure is reduced to maintenance air pressure;
(4) wait for that air pressure again rises to 0.65MPa and continues operation, repeat said process and complete to sandblasting;
(5) open hatch door, take off planting body;
(6) air compressor machine power supply is closed, sand-blasting machine power supply.Shake dust settling pocket handle is removed and is sprayed house dust.
3, dispose after sandblasting
(1) check with or without encountering neck, if having, polishing;
(2) residues such as the fine sand of embedding planting body are rejected.
4, sandblasting alligatoring effect
Adopt said method of the present invention to carry out sandblasting roughening treatment to planting body, the coarse surface obtained as shown in Figure 5.
As shown in Figure 5, after the inventive method carries out sandblasting roughening treatment to planting body, implant surface forms micro-rough pattern, is conducive to strengthening the bond strength between planting body and bone tissue, accelerates synestotic object to reach.
The present invention is using Titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V as blast media, adopt specific sand-blasting machine, abrator head and fixture simultaneously, both reach the object of alligatoring implant surface, and be conducive to strengthening the bond strength between planting body and bone tissue, accelerate synestotic object to reach; Turn avoid the risk polluted by adverse chemical composition, after blasting treatment, implant surface can not remain the element do not conformed to planting body chemical composition.
Claims (10)
1. titanium alloy is as the application of tooth implant blast media.
2. application according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described titanium alloy is Ti-6Al-4V.
3. a tooth implant sandblasting method of roughening, is characterized in that: it comprises the steps:
A, selection titanium alloy are as blast media;
B, planting body clean;
C, employing sand spray machine sand spray.
4. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in a step, and described titanium alloy is Ti-6Al-4V; Titanium alloy granularity is 60 orders.
5. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in b step, and described plantation object cleaning method is: submerged by planting body in the aqueous solution of washing agent, vibration, flushing, oven dry.
6. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in step c, and described sand-blasting machine adopts the sand-blasting machine that can be used for abrasive blasting.
7. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described sand-blasting machine, comprises the operating room that internal placement has abrator head, enters sand flexible pipe and tracheae; Be provided with sand storage bin below described operating room, operating room, sand storage bin are all positioned at housing;
Described lower housing portion is the supporting leg being positioned at corner, and the bottom of adjacent support legs is connected with reinforcement;
The end face of described sand storage bin flushes with supporting leg top, the bottom surface of sand storage bin is higher than bottom supporting leg, one of them supporting leg is fixed with and connects compressed-air actuated inlet suction port, operating room top connects deduster, and operating room antetheca is provided with observation window and 2 and stretches out one's hand cloth cover;
Described cloth cover of stretching out one's hand is provided with sideboard, and described sideboard is positioned at operating room inwall, and operating room sidewall offers operating room door, and what operating room sidewall is also provided with control operation room is communicated with between deduster/blocks goes out dirt pull bar;
Described enter sand flexible pipe be communicated with sand storage bin, described tracheae connects inlet suction port.
8. method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the abrator head of described sand-blasting machine, comprises shell and parcel sand grains import in the enclosure, compressed air inlet, sand grains ejiction opening, cavity, sleeve pipe;
Described sand grains import, compressed air inlet, sand grains ejiction opening are all communicated with cavity;
The described axis of sand grains ejiction opening and the dead in line of compressed air inlet, sand grains ejiction opening and compressed air inlet lay respectively at cavity two ends;
Described sleeve pipe is arranged on sand grains ejiction opening inwall, the whole inwall of described sleeve covers sand grains ejiction opening.
9. method according to claim 3, is characterized in that: in step c, and described blasting craft comprises the following steps:
(1) select suitable fixture clamping planting body, put into operation storehouse;
(2), during sandblasting, maintenance air pressure is 0.5 ~ 0.65MPa;
(3) planting body is taken off from fixture.
10. method according to claim 9, is characterized in that: in step (1), and described fixture comprises sandblasting panel overlapping from top to bottom, rubber mat plate and bottom backing plate;
Described sandblasting panel, rubber mat plate and bottom backing plate are rectangle, and three is removably connected by the bolt through corner;
Described sandblasting panel offers through hole A, and described rubber mat plate offers through hole B, the location overlap of through hole A and through hole B;
The height of the thickness of described sandblasting panel and the root of the tooth part of tooth implant is suitable, and the aperture of described through hole A is greater than the lateral dimension of the root of the tooth part of tooth implant;
The height of the thickness of described rubber mat plate and the neck part of tooth implant is suitable, and the inwall of described through hole B coordinates with the neck moieties into close of tooth implant;
In described step (3), also comprise the steps:
I () carries out polishing to the neck of planting body;
(ii) residue embedding planting body is rejected.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410579143.2A CN104400660B (en) | 2014-10-24 | 2014-10-24 | Titanium alloy as tooth implant blast media application |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410579143.2A CN104400660B (en) | 2014-10-24 | 2014-10-24 | Titanium alloy as tooth implant blast media application |
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| CN104400660A true CN104400660A (en) | 2015-03-11 |
| CN104400660B CN104400660B (en) | 2017-09-12 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107198587A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-26 | 成都贝施美生物科技有限公司 | Horizontal planting body sand blasting unit |
| CN111805438A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-23 | 宝宇(武汉)激光技术有限公司 | Sand blasting-laser polishing composite system and method for removing rust or oxide layer in large area |
| CN112025562A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-04 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Sand blasting device and sand blasting method for controllable damage prefabrication of glass surface |
| CN117798832A (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-04-02 | 四川卓皓雅医疗器械有限公司 | Dental implant sand blasting device and application method thereof |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107198587A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-26 | 成都贝施美生物科技有限公司 | Horizontal planting body sand blasting unit |
| CN111805438A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-10-23 | 宝宇(武汉)激光技术有限公司 | Sand blasting-laser polishing composite system and method for removing rust or oxide layer in large area |
| CN112025562A (en) * | 2020-09-02 | 2020-12-04 | 中国航发北京航空材料研究院 | Sand blasting device and sand blasting method for controllable damage prefabrication of glass surface |
| CN117798832A (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-04-02 | 四川卓皓雅医疗器械有限公司 | Dental implant sand blasting device and application method thereof |
| CN117798832B (en) * | 2024-02-28 | 2024-05-10 | 四川卓皓雅医疗器械有限公司 | Dental implant sand blasting device and application method thereof |
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|---|---|
| CN104400660B (en) | 2017-09-12 |
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